Financial Audit

A forma como sao tratados os dados esta a mudar radicalmente a gestao e os processos organizacionais. A quantidade de informacao disponivel atualmente e inumera e continua a crescer, as maquinas produzem mais informacao util que o ser humano, e podemos vivenciar isso atraves do fenomeno Big Data. O objetivo deste artigo, por um lado, e abordar o conceito de Big Data nas varias areas da sociedade e o que este implica na auditoria financeira analisando as varias vantagens e desafios apresentados por diversos autores e profissionais. Por outro lado, atraves de estudo empirico baseado em inquerito e entrevistas, e tratar a necessidade que a profissao apresenta de utilizar Big Data nos procedimentos de auditoria e as principais barreiras apontadas pelos auditores. Tambem se pretende estabelecer bases para impulsionar pesquisas futuras, pois e um tema muito pouco tratado em Portugal, e com uma dimensao significativa no mercado. O estudo empirico permitiu concluir que Big Data e fundamenta...

Modern economic conditions, which increase the requirements for the efficiency of management of non-financial enterprises, the reform of accounting in accordance with international standards, also the rapid development of market relations in Ukraine, necessitate the expansion of auditing activities and the improvement of the quality of its information provision. The importance of the topic of the article is determined by the concern that the introduction of internal audit in the practice of economic entities requires a proper theoretical and regulatory basis. The article pays attention to the issue of internal audit at non-financial enterprises. The importance and role of internal audit in the system of activities of economic entities are defined. The article discloses the purpose of internal audit, which is to ensure the efficiency of non-financial enterprise. The current state of the legal and regulatory basis that regulates issues related to the conduct of auditing activities is ...

ÖZ - ABSTRACT
Hesap verebilirliğin güçlendirilmesiyle toplumlarda ve ilgili taraflar arasında güven ikliminin oluşturulması ihtiyacının bir ürünü olarak denetimin başlangıcı eski uygarlıklara kadar uzanmaktadır. Tarihsel süreçte toplumların değişen beklentileri doğrultusunda ve aynı zamanda ekonomide, yönetim ve hukuki sistemlerinde, bilim ve teknolojide yaşanan değişimden etkilenerek sürekli gelişen denetim, günümüzde güçlü, güvenilir, istikrarlı ve sürdürülebilir toplumsal ve kurumsal yapıların güvencesi olarak önemli işlevlere sahiptir. Teorik çerçevesi de denetimi geliştiren söz konusu dinamikler ve değerler temelinde şekillenmiş olup daha çok hesap verebilirliğin ontolojik gerekçelerine ve farklı paydaşlar nezdindeki fonksiyonlarına odaklanmaktadır. Kurumların, sistemlerin ve süreçlerin etkinliğini artırarak örgütsel değişimi ve yeniliği yönlendiren bir araç haline gelen denetimin, gelişen teknolojilerle birlikte yoğun olarak tartışılan gelecek tasarımının sağlıklı bir çerçevede ele alınabilmesi için binlerce yıllık tarihsel gelişiminin iyi kavranması gerekmektedir. Ağırlıklı olarak literatür incelemesi ile gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma, denetimin tarihsel evrimini ve teorik çerçevesini temel düzeyde analiz ederek, kitabın sonraki bölümlerinde ele alınan konulara daha geniş bir perspektiften bakılmasını sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

The history of auditing, which is a result of the need to strengthen accountability and create a climate of trust among societies and relevant parties, dates back to ancient civilizations. Auditing, which has constantly evolved in line with the changing expectations of societies throughout the historical process and is also affected by the changes in the economy, management and legal systems, science, and technology, has important functions today as the assurance of strong, reliable, stable, and sustainable social and institutional structures. The theoretical framework of auditing is shaped on the basis of the dynamics and values that develop auditing, with a greater emphasis on the ontological justifications of accountability and its functions before different stakeholders. Auditing has become a tool for driving organizational transformation and innovation by improving the performance of institutions, systems, and processes. To address properly the future design of auditing, which is heavily discussed with evolving technologies, it is important to have a solid understanding of its thousands of years of history. Therefore, this study, which is mainly based on literature review, aims to analyse the historical evolution and theoretical framework of auditing at a basic level and provide a broader perspective on the issues discussed in the following chapters of the book.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Denetim, Hesap verebilirlik, Mali denetim, Mali yönetim,
Denetim teorileri
Keywords: Audit, Accountability, Financial audit, Financial management, Audit theories.

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efisiensi dan efektivitas manajemen pemasaran yang ada di McDonalds Sunburst. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus dengan pengumpulan data yang diperoleh dari wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian fungsi pemasaran pada McDonalds Sunburst dalam analisa lingkungan pemasaran, strategi pemasaran, organisasi pemasaran, produktivitas pemasaran dan fungsi pemasaran lainnya sudah berjalan efektif sedangkan sistem pemasaran belum efektif. Dan fungsi pemasaran sudah efisien dinilai dari produktivitas pemasaran.

Social, economic and environmental factors contribute to the companies’ sustainable development. Social and financial dimensions have an important contribution to sustainable performance, through assurance of transparency in the information communication requested by stakeholders in order to substantiate their decisions. Social transparency is ensured by presenting organization’s actions in the field of social responsibility, and financial transparency takes into account the most accurate, complete and neutral presentation of information, both in the annual financial statements and in the audit reports. The present study aims to assess the influence of financial transparency and gender equality on the sustainable corporate performance, thus contributing to increasing SDGs awareness and achievement required by 2030 Agenda. Through a sample of 1133 observations (Romanian listed companies/years) to the period 2008–2020, the obtained research results emphasis that gender equality and ab...

The main purpose of this paper is to verify whether the internal audit affects the detection of anomalies and fraud in the financial statements of public companies in Kosovo. To achieve this purpose, we have prepared a questionnaire and distributed to public enterprises in the Republic of Kosovo. The questionnaire includes open and closed questions in the form of Likert scale established to asess proposition and oposition of the participants. Responses were analyzed through SPSS software, and hypotheses were tested by analyzing the correlation. Based on results we can conclude that the role of internal audit can serve as a starting point in finding fraud and errors in financial reports.

The ultimate aim of this article is to present the role played by the internal auditor in the performance of decentralized financial systems (SFD). First of all, our reflections are directed towards a more in-depth literature review in order to better define the concepts and apprehend the nature of the binding relationship between internal audit and internal control, then we presented the research methodology followed in this case the qualitative methodology with exploratory aim, We then presented the results of an interview guide with seven auditors and a member of the management committee working in various Moroccan banks, who were of two types: the first considers that information and communication are the conditions for the success of an ICS, while the second emphasizes the importance of respecting the components of internal control. As with any study, our research was limited by the size of our sample, which we felt was limited due to the health crisis, which meant that manager...

In the scientific research work, under the above title, we dealt with the analysis of the already performed audits of the business of the American electric power corporation Enron which went bankrupt. We did a similar analysis through the prism of the already existing triangular connection on the relation: absence of moral vertical (by vocation, above all, business provenance) - greed - incompetence (we can say, unprofessionalism), ie. marketing unethics. Primarily, the emphasis was on the audit of Enron's financial and accounting reports but inevitably there was also an audit of compliance with the legal procedure, precisely during the procurement of certain resources necessary for business and finally an operational audit was performed, that is, an audit of the entire business. Using the technique of in-depth recording of the business vs. financial situation, in fact already performed audits, we tried to scan first and then to explain the correlation of neuralgic points which ...

In recent years, many companies have been issuing non-financial information which is used by a wide range of stakeholders in their decision-making processes. Considering the fact that such reports play an important role in financial markets, the information they provide should be submitted to verification by an external, independent body. Our study, carried out in 2020, showed that only 2.3% of audit firms in Poland offer auditing non-financial report services. This was the starting point for our further investigations, the results of which will be presented in this article. The aim of the article is to identify the factors that limit or stimulate the performance of auditing in Poland with respect to non-financial data, and to determine the scope of operations carried out by audit firms which provide this service. The article comprises literature perusal and results of empirical studies among audit firms in Poland. Several important findings have emerged, including the fact that the...

This study aims to (1) examine and analyze the influence of Human Resource (SDM) competence and the role of internal audit on the successful implementation of the Local Financial Information System (SKID) partially and simultaneously, (2) examine and analyze the competence of SDM and the role of internal audit on the quality of financial report partially and simultaneously,(3) examine and analyze the influence of SDM competence and the role of internal audit on the quality of financial reports on the successful implementation of the SKID. The object of this study is all provincials and district / city governments throughout North Sumatera. The sample of this study was 34 (thirty four). The data was collected by questionnaire, documentation, and interview methods. The analysis method used was path analysis using SPSS Program. The results of this study indicate that (1) SDM competence and the role of internal audit have no partial effect on the successful implementation of SKID (2) SD...

Introduction: Medical equipment management is important as human resource management to function a hospital in a maximum capacity. Accurate and comprehensive data are needed in order to have a good equipment management. It has several domains such as, procurement, accept, inspect, install, ensure performance within the accepted standards, safe and effective use, maintenance and service, repair, eventual retirement and disposal. Quality hospital equipment management is also important to reduce accidents caused by improper handling of unsafe equipment to the patients and staff. Objective: To assess the current practice of hospital equipment management in District Base Hospitals (DBHs) in Kalutara District in Sri Lanka. Methodology: This was a hospital based cross sectional descriptive study conducted at the DBHs in Kalutara district in Sri Lanka. All the healthcare managers at different levels engaged in hospital equipment management were included in this study. Results: All hospitals...

Background: Maintaining the independence of contract government program evaluation presents significant contracting challenges. The ideal outcome for an agency is often both the impression of an independent evaluation and a glowing report. In this, independent evaluation is like financial statement audits: firm management wants both a public accounting firm to attest to the fairness of its financial accounts and to be allowed to account for transactions as it sees fit. In both cases, the evaluation or audit is being conducted on behalf of outsiders–the public or shareholders–but is overseen by a party with significant interests at stake in the outcome–the agency being evaluated or executive management of the firm. Method: We review the contracting strategies developed to maintain independence in auditing. We examine evidence on the effectiveness of professionalism, reputation, liability and owner oversight in constraining behavior in auditing. We then establish parallels with contra...

Introduction Hearing loss is the most common sensory deficit in humans today. Approximately 63 million people in India suffer from significant auditory impairment. Materials and Methods Fifty children of 0-7 years age group, presented to a tertiary level center in Kolkata were assessed by objective and behavioural audiological tests. Result Mean age of presentation was found to be 40.5 months. No risk factor could be identified in 72% of the cases. 47% fell into the profoundly deaf category. Discussion Numerous studies agree that half of the infants with sensorineural hearing loss have no risk factors at birth and thus would be missed by a targeted hearing screening.  Conclusion India certainly faces a worse situation regarding childhood deafness. Implementation of universal neonatal hearing screening along with pre-school hearing assessment can certainly change the scenario.

ITGC (Information Technology General Control) is generally known as part of the Financial Audit conducted by the External Auditor. Very diverse software from small scale to enterprise class is needed for many companies due to the rapid development of the business. For the external auditors themselves, one of the jobs performed is to conduct regular financial audits in accordance with the needs of their clients. The regulators themselves both OJK and BI as well as other fields in accordance with their business such as BAPEPAM, have also required several regulations that must be considered by each company that uses information technology in supporting its business

Background - As money is a major resource, its proper management is very important to obtain maximum benefits from available funds. The regional director of health services (RDHS) office, Kalutara, Sri Lanka is the office responsible for carrying out curative, preventive, and rehabilitative health services for the people through the health institutions coming under the provincial administration. The objective of this case study was to review the financial management practices at the regional health office, Kalutara. Methodology - Key informant interviews, focus group discussion and desk review of financial records, reports, circulars, and guidelines were used to gather data. SWOT analysis is used to assess the strength, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. TWOS matrix had been prepared to identify the strategies to improve the financial management practices of the regional health office, Kalutara. Results - Utilization of almost all funds received to the office and good commitmen...

The ultimate aim of this article is to present the role played by the internal auditor in the performance of decentralized financial systems (SFD). First of all, our reflections are directed towards a more in-depth literature review in order to better define the concepts and apprehend the nature of the binding relationship between internal audit and internal control, then we presented the research methodology followed in this case the qualitative methodology with exploratory aim, We then presented the results of an interview guide with seven auditors and a member of the management committee working in various Moroccan banks, who were of two types: the first considers that information and communication are the conditions for the success of an ICS, while the second emphasizes the importance of respecting the components of internal control. As with any study, our research was limited by the size of our sample, which we felt was limited due to the health crisis, which meant that manager...

The article discusses the existing studies on the issue of financial monitoring and the suggestions that their authors have. The discussion of these studies begins with the American scientist Edward Altman's Z-model, which he proposed to predict the risk of bankruptcy for companies. The article presents both an earlier and a modified version of the Z-model developed by Edward Altman. The article also discusses and evaluates the 9-factor model developed by V. Fulmer and R. Saifulin and G. Kadikov's four-factor models. Among the more recent studies in the field of monitoring is the study of the Portuguese scientist Ana Paula Lopez, who found that the companies served by the audiences of the "big four" no longer cheat in the financial part. Malaysian scholars Noor Aisha Nizan and Zuhaikha Zailan found in 2019 that it is best to combine financial audits with technological and human audits. Also, in 2019, Vilnius scientist P. Poshinaus argued that monitoring should be c...

The ultimate aim of this article is to present the role played by the internal auditor in the performance of decentralized financial systems (SFD). First of all, our reflections are directed towards a more in-depth literature review in order to better define the concepts and apprehend the nature of the binding relationship between internal audit and internal control, then we presented the research methodology followed in this case the qualitative methodology with exploratory aim, We then presented the results of an interview guide with seven auditors and a member of the management committee working in various Moroccan banks, who were of two types: the first considers that information and communication are the conditions for the success of an ICS, while the second emphasizes the importance of respecting the components of internal control. As with any study, our research was limited by the size of our sample, which we felt was limited due to the health crisis, which meant that manager...

As exigências impostas aos profissionais de Contabilidade são crescentes e desafiadoras, conduzindo à necessidade de maior exigência de competências por parte das entidades empregadoras. Atualmente, para enfrentar os novos desafios decorrentes da globalização, torna-se cada vez mais relevante que os profissionais desenvolvam não apenas as competências técnicas (hard skills), mas também as relacionais (soft skills). Este artigo centra-se na análise das competências requeridas aos Contabilistas certificados através dos anúncios publicados pelas entidades empregadoras na rede social LinkedIn. A opção pelo LinkedIn é justificada pela disseminação e fortalecimento desta rede social como fonte de recrutamento e seleção de pessoal. Com base em técnicas estatísticas não paramétricas, nomeadamente o teste de Wilcoxon, foi possível concluir que, como primeiro critério de seleção, as hard skills continuam a ter um papel mais preponderante. No âmbito das soft skills, destacam-se as competências...

Despite its proliferation, we know relatively little about the impact of hospital restructuring to offer new services. This exploratory study examines the relationship between types of services offered and financial performance among separately incorporated subsidiaries of acute care hospitals. We draw data from the subsidiaries of all hospital firms operating in one state (Virginia) that requires reporting by all such firms. Results from multiple regression analyses of 1987 data indicate that units that existed longer, produced health care or related products, or were nonprofit subsidiaries of nonprofit firms tended to be more profitable than the other subsidiaries.

Opracowanie przedstawia wnioski z analizy znaczenia i warunków weryfikacji informacji niefinansowych dotyczących osiągnięć jednostek gospodarczych w zakresie działań na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju. Stanowi próbę wskazania odpowiedzi na postawione pytania badawcze: co oznacza weryfikacja danych niefinansowych, jakie są zasadnicze kierunki rozwoju weryfikacji informacji niefinansowych obserwowane w praktyce jednostek gospodarczych XXI wieku na świecie, jaki jest obecny stan regulacji prawnych w kontekście weryfikacji tych danych oraz jakie problemy wynikają z ich stosowania w praktyce. Artykuł służy wskazaniu kluczowych czynników i dalszych perspektyw rozwoju audytu informacji niefinansowych. Cel artykułu przesądził o wyborze metod badawczych, które oparto na analizie krytycznej, porównawczej i opisowej. Podstawę metodyki badawczej artykułu stanowi analiza literatury przedmiotu z zakresu rachunkowości, a także analiza aktów prawnych oraz opracowań i raportów o charakterze praktycznym...

Accreditation of governmental public health agencies is a relatively new concept that began in 2006. The accreditation program strives to advance improvements in quality and performance in state and local governmental public health agencies across the nation. Standards and measures are the traditional assessment criteria in accreditation systems used to evaluate that acceptable levels of quality are present and aligned with industry-specific goals for quality. In this study, an examination was conducted to assess the reliability of standards and measures for evaluating the effectiveness of public health agency financial management systems. The higher education system for accreditation of college and universities was selected for comparison purposes. The rationale for higher education was based in part on the relationship of colleges and universities to federal agencies which is very similar to that of governmental public health agencies. Also considered were the maturity of the high...

Profitability has information to determine the level of profit that the company recieves in a certain period of time and the productivity of the use of comapny’s funds, both loan capital and own capital, which can be used by investors and potential investors as a basis for making decision in investing.This studi aims to determine the extent to which the application of fintech affects the profitability, finding out to what extent third party funds affects the profitability, and to find out to what extent does operational efficiency affects profitability of Banking Companies listed in IDX in year 2014-2018. Samples in this research is chosen using purposive sampling method, and obtained 102 samples. The result shows that the application of financial technology, third party funds, and operational efficiency has a positive and significant effect on profitability.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) Reform emphasizes strict adherence to two procedures for disbursements of resources allocated to all the 196 member states as per approval from the World Health Assembly. Direct financial cooperation (DFC) are transactions where funds are transferred to government and concluded in three months after completion of activity. Direct implementation is the procedure when the WHO pays on behalf of the Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) for implementation of processes concluded within 5 months after the activity. The aim of this study is to document financial compliance to WHO reform of WHO Zambia with government.Methods: This was a desk review of financial activities from the WHO country office from January to December 2015. Findings and recommendations from the November 2015 External Audit conducted on the financial operations of the WHO Zambia office in the area of implementation and management of Direct Financial Corporation and D...