Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recently recognized as a leading cause of pituitary dysfunction. Current data clearly demonstrated that sports related head trauma due to boxing, kickboxing, and soccer might results in pituitary... more
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recently recognized as a leading cause of pituitary dysfunction. Current data clearly demonstrated that sports related head trauma due to boxing, kickboxing, and soccer might results in pituitary hormone deficiencies, isolated growth hormone (GH) deficiency in particular. In the present report physiologic dose GH replacement therapy (GHRT) was performed in two GH deficient retired amateur boxers for the first time. The boxers received recombinant GH for 6 months. After 6 months of GHRT there were substantial improvements, but not complete normalization, in the body composition parameters, lipid profiles and quality of life scores in both boxers. These preliminary results suggest that GHRT may have beneficial effects in retired boxers with severe isolated GH deficiency due to sports related head trauma. But more data with higher number of boxers and longer GHRT duration are warranted.
Introduction: Road traffic accidents are a public health problem. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile, circumstances of occurrence and factors associated with road traffic accidents in the city of N'Djamena during COVID-19... more
Introduction: Road traffic accidents are a public health problem. Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile, circumstances of occurrence and factors associated with road traffic accidents in the city of N'Djamena during COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and descriptive study that included all road traffic accidents admitted to the surgical emergency department of the national reference university hospital of N'Djaména (CHURN) during a six-month period. Sociodemographic, clinic and therapeutic aspects were described and compared to the literature. Results: A total of 5,772 patients were admitted to the surgical emergency department, of whom 2,575 were victims of MVA, i.e. a frequency of 44.6%. The mean age was 28.5 years with extremes of 16 and 75 years. Males accounted for 77% and the sex ratio was 3.4. A motorbike was involved in 70.3% of the cases. Motorcyclists were the most affected victims (76%). The main factors associated with the road accidents were speeding and traffic violations in 23% and 21% of cases respectively. Half of the patients were taken to the emergency room in a private vehicle. Transport by ambulance concerned 4% of cases. Less serious injuries (abrasions, superficial wounds) were the most numerous (52%). The main injuries were mainly located in the skull (21%). Helmets were not used by the victims. Hospital mortality was 4.1%. Conclusion: Traffic accidents remain a real public health problem. The use of helmets and bicycle lanes should contribute to the reduction of accidents and their severity, particularly to the reduction of head injuries.
raumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world's population, especially those under age 44. 1 In the United States alone, the cost of head trauma has been estimated to be over 40 billion dollars... more
raumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world's population, especially those under age 44. 1 In the United States alone, the cost of head trauma has been estimated to be over 40 billion dollars an- nually. 2 The National Center for Injury Prevention and Con- trol has estimated that approximately 2% of the
Breast inflammatory events are frequently seen especially in females. Chronic Granulomatous Mastitis (CGM) is a rare condition which, although benign, can mimic breast carcinoma. The exact pathogenesis of CGM is still uncertain. However,... more
Breast inflammatory events are frequently seen especially in females. Chronic Granulomatous Mastitis (CGM) is a rare condition which, although benign, can mimic breast carcinoma. The exact pathogenesis of CGM is still uncertain. However, many factors have been examined as part of CGM development. CGM is considered a diagnosis of exclusion and other inflammatory and granulomatous conditions of the breast should be ruled out. Imaging studies, especially Ultrasound (US), could have a role in revealing CGM by showing some characteristic features of this benign entity. The definitive diagnosis of CGM is based on histological examination with tissue biopsy. A considerable number of patients have shown no response to medical therapy and hence surgical intervention is preferred. Long term follow-up is highly recommended.
Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical syndrome occurring as a consequence of fulminant expansion of pituitary tumor due to massive infarction, necrosis, and hemorrhage. Its association with head injury is rare and only few reports are... more
Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical syndrome occurring as a consequence of fulminant expansion of pituitary tumor due to massive infarction, necrosis, and hemorrhage. Its association with head injury is rare and only few reports are available. Shear forces on stalk and arterial vasospasm have been proposed to be the possible reasons. The clinical picture is characterized by sudden onset headache, visual symptoms, multiple cranial nerves involvement, meningismus, altered mental status, and hormonal dysfunction. Transsphenoidal decompression is the standard treatment but suprasellar and widespread extension of hematoma may need intracranial approach. We are reporting a rare association of head injury with pituitary apoplexy, where endonasal surgery proved to be a simple useful approach to evacuate contiguous intra-cerebral hematoma with excision of apoplectic pituitary adenoma.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recently recognized as a leading cause of pituitary dysfunction. Current data clearly demonstrated that sports related head trauma due to boxing, kickboxing, and soccer might results in pituitary... more
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been recently recognized as a leading cause of pituitary dysfunction. Current data clearly demonstrated that sports related head trauma due to boxing, kickboxing, and soccer might results in pituitary hormone deficiencies, isolated growth hormone (GH) deficiency in particular. In the present report physiologic dose GH replacement therapy (GHRT) was performed in two GH deficient retired amateur boxers for the first time. The boxers received recombinant GH for 6 months. After 6 months of GHRT there were substantial improvements, but not complete normalization, in the body composition parameters, lipid profiles and quality of life scores in both boxers. These preliminary results suggest that GHRT may have beneficial effects in retired boxers with severe isolated GH deficiency due to sports related head trauma. But more data with higher number of boxers and longer GHRT duration are warranted.
Although tinnitus is a symptom commonly reported by pa- tients suffering from head trauma, fractures of the stapes are relatively rare, being more common in children. This report aims to highlight the tinnitus associated with conductive... more
Although tinnitus is a symptom commonly reported by pa- tients suffering from head trauma, fractures of the stapes are relatively rare, being more common in children. This report aims to highlight the tinnitus associated with conductive he- aring loss and vertigo in a 49 years-old patient that suffered a head trauma, refractory to clinical treatment. On examination, otoscopy was normal
