Integration

In the Netherlands, there is increasingly critical debate about the government’s top- down ethnic categorisation procedures and the assumption that analyses of integration should be based on internally homogeneous (and dichotomous) ethno-cultural blocks. While concerns about the ageing approach mount, no unified alternative framework has emerged. Informed by Brubaker’s work on ‘groupism’, we provide an account of the currently dominant approach and outline an alternative vision of social divisions, exclusion and inclusion. More specifically, we offer a framework that can help researchers consider easing away from ethnic reification (as well as from the attendant analytic promotion of highly subjective notions such as ‘ethnic groups’) and towards analyses founded on more objective, ‘first-order’ social scientific categories. Making use of Elias’s work on established and outsider dynamics, and dealing substantively with education, we flesh out how an alternative approach to in- and exclusion in contemporary Dutch society might be put to use. The goal, in short, is to assist researchers interested in a path leading to more grounded, relational and processual approaches to integration.

Among the deficiencies demonstrated by the world financial crisis of 2008–9, one was the limited capacity of G-8 to provide for global economic governance. The developed economies quickly realised that they should seek joint solutions and coordinated policies in cooperation with the leading emerging-market economies. As a result, the G-20 turned into the main forum for managing the crisis. This in fact pointed to an early institutional acknowledgement that important changes were underway in the global distribution of power. These changes derive from the substantially higher growth rates of the emerging-market economies in comparison with those of the developed economies, a trend named ‘the rise of the rest’ (Zakaria, 2008, pp. 2–3).

CIES2020: As Energias Renováveis na Transição Energética: Livro de Comunicações do XVII Congresso Ibérico e XIII Congresso Ibero-americano de Energia Solar. Helder Gonçalves, Manuel Romero (Ed.). Lisboa, Portugal: LNEG, 3-5 Novembro, 2020, p. 107-112. ISBN: 978-989-675-076-3

Ziel dieses Artikels ist es zum einen, mit dem Begriff der diskursiven Exklusion eine Konzeptualisierung von Exklusion zu unterbreiten, welche den theoretischen Anforderungen an einen soziologisch-analytischen Begriff gewachsen ist und zum anderen, methodische Hinweise zur Erforschung von Exklusionsprozessen zu bieten. Ich werde hierzu die drei emergenten Forschungsperspektiven der Diskursanalyse "nach dem Strukturalismus", der Dispositivanalyse, und der wissenssoziologischen Diskursanalyse vorstellen und jeweils danach fragen, welches Analysepotenzial von ihnen ausgeht, um soziale Exklusion soziologisch zu fassen. Dabei wird sich zeigen, dass jede dieser Perspektiven bestimmte Aspekte in den Vordergrund ruckt, dabei aber wiederum andere vernachlassigt. Am Ende des Artikels werden Moglichkeiten einer Kombination der Ansatze diskutiert. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1302199

Microfluidic biosensing systems with enzyme-based detection have been extensively studied in the last years owing to features such as high specificity, a broad range of analytes and a high degree of automation. This review gives an overview of the most important factors associated with these systems. In the first part, frequently used immobilization protocols such as physisorption and covalent bonding and detection techniques such as amperometry and fluorescence measurements are discussed with respect to effort, lifetime and measurement range. The Michaelis-Menten model describing the kinetics of enzymatic reactions, the role of redox mediators and the limitations of the linear measurement range of enzymatic sensors are introduced. Several possibilities of extending the linear measurement range in microfluidic systems such as diffusion-limiting membranes and the flow injection setup are presented. Regarding the integration of enzymes into microfluidic systems during the fabrication ...

This section examines the curricular aspects of integrating mathematics into science. It looks at the importance of mathematics in science, the benefits of integrating mathematics and science, the variety of models of curriculum design that can underpin their integration and a case study of this integration in a teacher training institute. 1. The Importance of Mathematics for Understanding Science The close relationship between mathematics and science has long been recognized. Galileo once said that 'Nature is written in mathematical language'. Newton, who was as much a mathematician as a scientist, pioneered the use of calculus to support his understanding of motion. The study of genomics depends on quantifying massive amounts of biological data, while understanding changes in the environment, such as the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and global warming, depends on the development of mathematical models by scientists for the prediction of climate change (Karsai & Kampis, 2010). This draws our attention to the fact that it is often not possible to carry out scientific inquiry without quantifying findings, using the language of mathematics, its notations, equations and procedures. Almost all branches of science are becoming increasingly mathematical, ranging from bioinformatics, to the development and testing of pharmaceuticals, and the investigation of the solar system in astronomy. Science and mathematics provide the means for interdependent ways of knowing the world, as both are concerned with identifying patterns and relationships. Science provides contexts and applications for abstract mathematical principles, while mathematics provides the essential skills and processes necessary for science to make sense of the natural world. In recent times, the focus on STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) education has led to growing interest in integrating all four of these subjects in various combinations in order to solve real life problems. This is said to promote students' capacities to adapt and transfer their scientific and mathematical knowledge and skills to other contexts and applications, for example, to other subjects, outside of school, and in their future workplaces and personal life. These capacities are essential for citizens in the rapidly changing globalized societies of the 21 st century. At the secondary level, students are usually aware that mathematics is important to their study of physics, but they may not realize that it is also essential for understanding the statistical analysis of data in biology and for understanding proportional relationships between quantities of atoms and molecules in chemical reactions.

It is well known that public administrations are under the increasing pressure to improve their effectiveness in providing better quality services to their citizens. This paper critically appraises aspects related to the impact of the New Public Management on the organizational performance of public administration, based on the critical theories underlying the NPM paradigm: public choice theory, principal-agent theory, competition theory and the theory of the transaction cost economics. Components of the NPM such as restructuring, work process reengineering, organizational reinvention, activity-based costing and re-conceptualization are assessed in terms of Lean Management principles in an attempt to give public administration a new orientation towards performance and excellence. This paper contributes to identifying the general framework, the factors and the Lean Management criteria that are essential for the successful implementation of Lean practices in the area of public administration in the future. Finally, the paper discusses this novel perspective for the reform of the public sector and contributes to research on the challenges facing public governance and its response to the rapidly changing social, economic and political milieu.

System airline as one of business to customer (B2C) is an enterprise application
which needs service system architecture. Many systems that have been connected to
this system has complexity of integration. SOA using enterprise service bus (ESB) is
one way to manage the integration of information systems. ESB is a software
infrastructure that can solve complexity problems with n-to-n integration, where n is
the number of integrated applications. The business case has been implemented each
function of services and ESB. The results obtained show that each services and ESB
has its own strengths and weakness. As regards strengths, it should be noted that ESB
copes very well with both kinds of files and small and large size but put the effort if the
application of ESB is not working well it can be affected to another application
system. N-to-n integration performs as good enough with small files and size but need
to manage if there were any add or updated with the service. This research
implemented SOA using ESB to proves to be a good choice for integration solution in
a business environment with a large number of users and diversified communications.

The current political climate provides fertile ground for toxic narratives that turn immigrants into convenient scapegoats. But such communities also present an enormous opportunity, and more can be done to capitalise fully on their potential. By highlighting both promising practices and shortcomings in Member State efforts to foster participation by migrants and their descendants, this report aims to encourage determined and effective action towards building a Europe that is truly inclusive, rights-based and fair.
This report examines Member States’ integration policies and action plans for promoting their participation in society, focusing on non-discrimination, education, employment, language learning and political engagement.

Los procesos de integración cuentan con una extensa literatura teórica y empírica sobre los efectos creación y desviación de comercio así como de las pautas seguidas en el ámbito de la especialización intraindustrial. Entre estos procesos destaca la experiencia europea, que cuenta con numerosos estudios dada su larga trayectoria y profundidad. En este trabajo nos proponemos estudiar las tendencias observadas en el caso del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN) que, por su carácter más reciente y menor profundidad de la integración, ha sido menos estudiado que el caso europeo. En este sentido, se trata de analizar los efectos que se derivan de este proceso de integración sobre el comercio exterior, al tiempo que se profundiza en las tendencias seguidas por la especialización intraindustrial, tomando como punto de referencia el caso de la economía mexicana durante el período 1993-2007. En última instancia, se pone de relieve la importancia del capital extranjero (prim...

The paper deals with two related issues that are important for Serbia’s development: firstly, development prospects in agriculture and rural areas and, secondly, harmonization of rural development with the European integration process. The European Union market offers great export opportunities for the Serbian agriculture, the status of candidate country provide a number of benefits and support, but results will depend on success in improving two key determinants of competitiveness: productivity and quality. The present situation in rural areas is a result of earlier industrialization and urbanization, on the one hand, and of the transition process on the other. Its main characteristics are: depopulation, ageing of rural population, unbalanced regional development, and income disparity. Integral development of rural areas should be based on the following elements: multifunctional agriculture, diversification of economic activities in rural environment, rural and eco tourism, organic...

Au tournant des années 2000, alors que l’Italie s’interroge sur l’intégration des immigré·es, les programmes de bénévolat à destination de ces populations font florès dans toute la péninsule du fait d’un consensus entre les municipalités, les associations impliquées dans le système d’asile et les entreprises sociales qui assurent l’hébergement. Aujourd’hui, ce sont les personnes en procédure d’asile qui sont visées, leur disponibilité au travail gratuit constituant une preuve irréfutable de leur mérite civique et de leur volonté d’intégration. Pourtant, un tel engagement « volontaire » imposé à une catégorie particulièrement précaire de la population pose question.

Ce bulletin présente les résultats d’une étude de nature qualitative où différents acteurs locaux de plusieurs arrondissements de Montréal ont été interviewés afin de cerner les enjeux et autres défis auxquels ils doivent faire face pour faire participer des populations immigrantes à différentes activités de loisir. Cette recherche terrain permet notamment de mettre en avant le fait que le loisir apparaît, aux yeux de ces acteurs locaux, comme un véritable vecteur d’intégration pour les populations immigrantes et qu’il est source de cohésion sociale, particulièrement en contexte interculturel.

Nel capitolo sono analizzati i dati relativi alle condizioni e alle modalità abitative degli stranieri residenti in Italia. Ii dati sono tratti dall'indagine nazionale curata dall'Istat "Condizione e integrazione sociale dei cittadini stranieri residenti in Italia".

a questo link è possibile scaricare l'intero volume https://www.istat.it/it/archivio/230556?fbclid=IwAR3FucUM6vCsEnOJ5lxxB9POwIJAEhjdbU7QoOfBrCUza7y3u0oAinv5Y7o

File and block storage are well-defined concepts in computing and have been used as common components of computer systems for decades. Big data has led to new types of storage. The predominant data model in cloud storage is the object-based storage and it is highly successful. Object stores follow a simpler API with get() and put() operations to interact with the data. A wide variety of data analysis software have been developed around objects using their APIs. However, object storage and traditional file storage are designed for different purpose and for different applications. Organizations maintain file-based storage clusters and a high volume of existing data are stored in files. Moreover, many new applications need to access data from both types of storage. In this paper, we first explore the key differences between object-based and the more traditional file-based storage systems. We have designed and implemented several file-to-object mapping algorithms to bridge the semantic ...

Die bewegten Biografien Geflüchteter in unserer Stadt
»Weißt Du, wer ich bin?« Diese Frage ist eine Herausforderung an uns alle, die geflüchteten Menschen tagtäglich begegnen.
»Wer bin ich? Wer bist Du?«, sind manchmal die ersten Fragen, die eine Tür zu einem Gespräch öffnen. Im Gespräch kommt man sich näher, baut Vorurteile und Unkenntnis ab. Bei der Begegnung mit Geflüchteten aus unterschiedlichen Kulturkreisen, mit unterschiedlichen Biografien, mit Andersdenkenden und Andersgläubigen,gibt es gibt viel zu entdecken: Unbekanntes und Fremdes, aber auch viel Gemeinsames.
Dieses Buch erzählt von den Lebenswegen und Geschichten 28 Geflüchteter.

Hrsg. von EMFA/Integrationsagentur
Autoren: Hidir Eren Celik, J. Michael Fischell, Christoph Gappa, Giorgia Sogos

This article presents the responses given in several schools of the 1st Cycle of the Basic Education Level (children aged 6 to 10 years) of the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon relating to the issue of integration of immigrant children and children of immigrant descent. The goal was to establish the relationship between the geographical context where the school is located

The demographic change in the EU will affect everybody and will lead to social and political tensions that can seriously threaten the foundations of liberal democracy if current politics continue. A combination of three main factors creates the so-called “Emigration factory” in South-Eastern Europe: 1) The policy of extracting the youth labour force from the EU periphery to the EU centres as the key measure to recovering Western Europe population and economy, 2) the corruption as the most important push factor for contemporary emigration from Croatia and the Western Balkans, and 3) the understanding of capitalism by employers in SEE as a one-way process of profit without adequate rewarding of workers. Does Gastarbeiter’s history repeat itself? Are the EU migrations an interest-neutral and accidental social phenomenon? Is the EU going to become a neoliberal battlefield of a struggle for the human resource? What are the concrete solutions at the national and EU level? Why is the corruption index in Croatia and the Western Balkans growing with increased emigration, and what are the other consequences of emigration? Can the innovative approach to digital demography revolutionize our knowledge about migrations?

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the debate on integration of Muslim immigrants into the European societies. Censuses indicate a continuous growth of Muslims in member states of the European Union (EU) since the 1960s. In some of the member states of the EU, Muslims make up more than five percent of the population, and this number is expected to grow in the coming decades, depending mostly on how much immigration into the EU will be allowed. Since 2011 the EU has been facing the biggest influx of migrants in its history. Reasonably, accepting and integrating such a large number of people in its societies became a great challenge for many EU member states. It has become clear that the integration programmes within the EU member states are outdated and that new migration policies, as well as practices will have to be adopted and developed.

When public institutions focus excessively on their survival or on their reproduction, they run the risk of progressively distancing themselves from reality and of not serving the citizens and their communities. The West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) and the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) took the initiative to encourage discussions focused on the necessary complementarity among three key players in regional integration who until now have ignored each other or, at least, have not understood each other: researchers, decision makers and journalists. This chapter is a retrospective critique of the experience of an encounter among stakeholders coming from different social areas with different approaches and interests and who nevertheless need to cooperate in their everyday professional lives. This chapter draws lessons from this three-way discussion and explores how these players—those who design and implement public policies, researchers and journalists—can invent and lead discussion forums in order to influence policies that are closer to citizens' reality and expectations and that accompany integration.

The article provides insights into the country’s migration policies regarding Oralmans as well as the actual
situation with their social, economic, and cultural integration. While focusing mainly on the findings of the
survey of International organization of migration, also article describes government activities and schemes
pertaining to Oralmans. The article analyzes the historical background of ethnic immigration in Kazakhstan.
Authors describe government policies regarding oralmans in the country as well as the measures to encourage
their arrival and to provide integration assistance. Also it is given general information about Oralmans in
Kazakhstan, and geographical distribution in the territory of Kazakhstan and describe oralmans’ integration.

Keywords: Oralmans, migration policy, ethnic immigration, oralmans’ integration

De druk die wordt uitgeoefend op allochtonen om te integreren is de laatste jaren steeds groter geworden. Aanvankelijk gebeurde dat vooral vanuit de publieke opinie, maar nu ook steeds meer vanuit de politiek. Het adagium 'integratie met behoud van de eigen etnische identiteit'heeft inmiddels plaatsgemaakt voor de eisen van actieve participatie en assimilatie. Een goede integratie wordt niet alleen van belang geacht voor de immigranten zelf, maar misschien meer nog voor hun kinderen.

The Women, Co-occurring Disorders, and Violence Study (WCDVS) was a multi-site cooperative study to evaluate new service models for women with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders and a history of physical and/or sexual abuse. Despite common features in the service interventions and evaluation procedures, diversity across the nine sites plus differences introduced by non-random assignment led to numerous methodological challenges. This article describes the design, measurement, and analysis decisions behind the WCDVS and lays the foundation for understanding participant-level outcomes and service costs. This article also describes the study population, as recruited and following attrition at the 6-month follow-up, in order to address the threat of selection bias to inferences drawn from this multi-site study.

This study examines the educational aspirations of immigrant students, who are descendants of eight different immigrant communities in Germany. First, the article shows that compared to native German students, the educational aspirations of students with migration origin vary substantially. Challenging previous narratives of immigrant optimism and information deficit, the article suggests that the students of Turkish origin develop a conscious appraisal of obtaining an academic high-school qualification (AHSQ), even if they realize they will not be able to receive one by the end of the high-school. The study also shows that the duration of their stay in Germany plays a significant role in attenuating the high educational aspirations of most immigrant communities. However, Turkish students constitute an exception to this finding as they maintain high idealistic aspirations from first- to third- generation. The return migrant students from the former Soviet Union are the only group who report high educational aspirations, when asked about both their idealistic and realistic aspirations. Finally, the findings indicate that the position of the particular immigrant groups within the German social status hierarchy is a strong determinant of the educational aspirations of immigrant students and their parents.

The problem of historical periodization of Russian integration activity has been considered. The content of its main stages has been concretized on the basis of the analysis of historical experience. Approaches of specialists have been offered. Russia had the characteristics of empire. Territorial dimensions of the empire were incomparably greater than any of the European countries. Russian foreign policy was characterized by integration imperatives that contribute to the pursuit of the accession of lands within the Eurasian space. Periods of integration (attachment of land to the imperial center) alternated with disintegration (loss of previously acquired lands). The cycles of integration and disintegration in various ratios interacted with the modernization of society of the empire. Accession of lands is done through a cultural impact and bet on the local elite. For their subsequent merger with the imperial center used methods of military, political, ideological, demographic or socio-economic impact. The integration was carried out under the conditions of semi-peripheral position of the empire in the world capitalist system, and within the autarkic union. Ups and downs of the Russian imperial power are not subject to the chronological rhythm and have different lengths of time. Stages of amplification and integration are lasted: 125 years (1480-1605); 199 years (1613-1812); 103 years (1815-1918); 21 (1920-1941); 46 years (1945-1991). Duration of stages attenuation, disintegration and restore of imperial space, excluding the Mongolian (1237-1480: 243 years) and post-Soviet (from 1991 to the present: 24 years) periods, characterized by the relative transience: 8 years (1605-1613); 3 years (1812-1815); 2 years (1918-1920); 4 years (1941-1945).

Key words: integration; disintegration; Russia; Eurasian space; periodization.

В статье рассматривается проблема периодизации российской интеграционной активности на евразийском пространстве. На базе анализа исторического опыта конкретизировано содержание её основных этапов. Приведены подходы специалистов. Показано, что периоды взлётов и падений имперского могущества России не подчиняются хронологической ритмичности, имея различную протяжённость во времени. Выделяются пять стадий интеграционной активности и шесть – пассивности и дезинтеграции.

Ключевые слова и фразы: интеграция; дезинтеграция; Россия; евразийское пространство; периодизация.