Milking Managment of Dairy Buffaloes

The aim of this study was to determine the some physico-chemical content of raw milk from Anatolian water buffaloes raised under different village conditions in the Tokat province of Northern Turkey. The study materials included 1272 milk samples from 149 water buffaloes raised at 12 separate villages of the Erbaa, Turhal, and Pazar counties in the Tokat Province. Milk samples were collected during the morning milking between the months of February and May 2012 to 2014. The density, freezing point degree, dry matter, non-fat dry matter (or solid non fat), fat, protein, lactose, milk urea nitrogen and casein content of the milk samples were determined. The study results demonstrated that the mean dry matter, nonfat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, casein content, density, milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and freezing point degree (FPD) of the raw milk samples were 16.99±0.108%, 10.88±0.036%, 5.98±0.107%, 4.85±0.043%, 5.17±0.021%, 3.61±0.036%, 1029±0.056, 21, 22 mg/dl and 0.55 °C, respectively. The study data were evaluated according to the water buffaloes’ lactation stage, parity, and season by using the SPSS statistical program. It was concluded that the sampling time, parity, village conditions, stage of lactation and calving age had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the density, freezing point degree, dry matter, non-fat dry matter, fat, protein, lactose, and casein content of raw milk from the Anatolian water buffalo.

Higher serum Non Esterified Fatty acid (SNEFA) concentration associated with negative energy balance (NEB) around calving has been used to predict dairy animals at risk for metabolic disorders. The aim of the study was to investigate the SNEFA, Altered Non Esterified Fatty Acid percentage (ANEFAP) levels and Service period (SP) in forty eight dairy buffaloes allotted to three dry period lengths (> 60 d (n=16); 46 to 60 d (n=16); and 30 to 45 d (n=16)). The serum NEFA and ANEFAP levels were influenced by length of dry period and pre and postpartum periods of the entire experimental study. The NEFA concentration showed an increased trend from the time of drying to 60 days postpartum, followed by a decreased trend from 60 to 90 days postpartum, irrespective of the groups. The NEFA concentration has increased (P<0.05) with higher postpartum ANEFAP levels (P<0.05), either pre or postpartum in the buffaloes allotted to traditional dry period group. SNEFA concentration was negatively correlated with serum glucose (SG) concentration (P<0.01) and 6% FCM (P<0.05) at 30 and 60 d postpartum, respectively. The mean days required for postpartum conception were highest (P<0.05) in first group (144.38 ± 5.62) followed by second (105.00 ± 5.07) and third group (86.25 ± 5.39) buffaloes. Additionally, the success rate of insemination was less in group I compared to the other shortened dry period groups. In the present study, it is concluded that the buffaloes in shortened dry period groups adapt well to the negative energy balance compared to those allotted to conventional dry period lengths (60 or > 60 days).

Dairy products are an essential source of animal protein, particularly for nutritional vulnerable groups and vegetarians in Asian countries. Therefore, the approach towards increasing the domestic supply of milk is to raise the buffalo milk yield via genetic improvement from the semen of the selected buffalo sire that possesses a high predicted milk difference. Data were collected from Artificial Insemination Centers in Egypt, as a case study, to apply a dynamic mathematical investment model for estimating the rate of return (IRR) to genetic investment. The effective variables in IRR, besides the economic variables, are the reproductive traits and feed efficiency. The estimated most probable level of IRR was feasible, i.e., 19.71%. A worse change in the reproductive efficiency variables, i.e., the aggregate of 10% increase in the number of conception services, age at the First Calving, and the service period, would decrease the IRR by 7.51%. A decrease in feed efficiency by 10% would decrease the IRR by 9%. A worse change by 10% in the feed costs, price of semen, and milk price would decrease IRR by 7%. To import buffalo sires' semen of high predicted milk difference at moderate prices till establishment, domestic genetic merit is required.

The purpose of this study is to verify the influence of ambient temperature on the percentage of subjects with decreased production, compared to what was recorded in the previous 7-10 days. The data processed in the 2017-2020 period was studied in a company in the lower Caserta area that raises 3000 animals per year, of which 1300 are dairy. All this was possible thanks to the daily collection of production data recorded in the milking parlor, using RFID technology, and then transferred to management software, essential for the farmer for problem-solving decisions. The buffalo is of tropical origin, and there are many factors that influence the production of the Italian Mediterranean buffalo, first of all, seasonality, temperature, health, or the combination of all these elements. For these reasons, it seemed appropriate to focus our attention on the influence of ambient temperature on production. In the first three years of observation, it emerged that as the ambient temperature decreases, the percentage of subjects that recorded a drop in production compared to the previous figure increases. However, this was not found in 2020, when the covered structures were equipped with permanent bedding consisting of straw. This shows that it is important to guarantee the state of wellbeing so as not to penalize the production of milk for the PDO buffalo mozzarella, which represents an interesting source of income.

Mozzarella di bufala has been rightly described as the White Whale of
American cheesemaking. The attempt to make this cheese in the US has been mostly unsuccessful so far. Yet, this fantastic cheese is regularly consumed on the tables of thousands of Italians each day. This essay will show how the production of mozzarella di bufala campana D.o.p. in Italy is regulated by a thick set of laws and regulations, which contributed to the emerging of this cheese as an iconic food, deservedly considered as one of the miracles of Italian cuisine. These rules arise from the coordinated efforts of a group of producers who managed to overcome some of the constraints associated with the small-scale dimensions of their farms and were thus able to develop a
viable strategy for a niche product that would eventually pay off. The paper  examines, as well, some of the tensions and problems associated with these  developments.

A study was conducted in adopted villages of
K V K B u n d i t o a s s e s s t h e e f f e c t o f
supplementing shatavari ( )
feed on performance of lactating buffaloes.
Twenty lactating buffaloes in mid lactation
with similar age, body weight and milk yield
were selected from dairy farms of the local
farmers and divided into two groups of ten
animals each. Control group was maintained as
per farmer's practices (feeding of 3 kg cotton
seed cake along with wheat straw), while
groups comprising feeding of wheat straw +
shatavari powder 50gm /day /animal up to 60
days. Result revealed that 19.67 per cent higher
average milk yield was recorded in buffaloes
feeding under group (7.36 kg/day) as compared
to (6.15 kg/day). Increase in the income by
feeding Shatavari came to Rs. 50.50/day/
animal. It was concluded that feeding of
Shatavari along with wheat straw improves
milk yield and fat percent as well as
reproductive performance in lactating
buffaloes.