OPC

El presente trabajo ha sido pensado como proyecto
final de la carrera de ingeniería electrónica. En él se relacionan
modelos de software con un Controlador Lógico Programable
(“Programmable Logic Controller”, PLC) por medio de un
servidor que utiliza un Marco para la Vinculación y el Embebido
de Objetos (“Object Linking and Embedding”, OLE) específico
para el control de procesos (“OLE for Process Control”, OPC).
Dicho servidor OPC oficia como una vía para el intercambio de
datos entre diversos modelos de plantas simuladas con MatLab y
los bloques de control de lazos Proporcional Integral y Derivativo
(“Proportional Integral Derivative”, PID) implementados en el
software estándar para programación de autómatas Siemens
Step7.
Palabras clave—PLC; OPC server; Matlab.

Granite fines which are the by-product produced in granite factories while cutting huge granite rocks to the desired shapes, while cutting the granite rocks, the powder produced is carried by the water and this water is stored in tanks. After drained of water the granite dust remained is disposed on the lands. Disposing this granite fines is a major problem due its fineness. Hence an effect is made to utilize this fine granite powder in as a filler material in concrete. For that the basic properties of granite fines such as size, fineness, specific gravity, and moisture content were tested. The result shows that the property of granite fines is similar to that of ordinary sand. Therefore, granite fines can be effectively used as a replacement material for fine aggregate in concrete. For investigation purpose cubes are casted with 7 different proportions of granite fines and fine aggregate. The replacement percentage of granite fines to fine aggregate are 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 100 for M20 mix proportions, specimens are tested after 28 days of curing, for compression strength, flexural and split tensile strength. The specimen casted with 40 % replacement of granite fines to fine aggregate gives higher strength when compared to control specimen.

Metakaolin is a cementitious materials used as an admixture to produce high strength concrete and is used for maintaining the consistency of concrete. In the case where insufficient or poor curing concrete structure like the underground structure which undergo serve loss of compressive strength, use of metakaolin proves to be very useful to modify the properties of concrete. This paper deals with the properties of concrete with partial replacement of cement bymetakaolin in M-25 greade of concrete. The concrete mixes were prepared by replacing 0,5,10,15 and 20 percent mass of cement by Metakaolin. The test results indicated that mineral admixture metakaolin when used at optimum quantity tend to increase the strength of the concrete mix when compared with conventional concrete. The test result revealed that at 10% replacement of OPC by metakaolin, the increase in 28 days compressive strength was found to be 21.67%. therefore this material can be effectively high as partial replacement of OPC and enhance concrete compressive strength.

This paper presents an experimental study conducted on 240 specimens, 120 cubes and 120 beams to see the effect of accelerators on compressive and flexural strength of concrete Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) was used to produce concrete mixtures M20 and M30. Concrete mixtures were designed as per the new guidelines of IS 10262:2009. Three accelerators Potassium Carbonate, Sodium Thiosulfate and Triethanolamine were used. Both compressive strength and flexural strength of standard specimens with accelerators have been recorded at one, three, seven, fourteen and twenty-eight days of curing with water and compared with strengths of controlled specimens at their corresponding ages. The test results revealed that the maximum percentage gain was observed for Triethanolamine accelerator out of three accelerators at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days compressive and flexural strength for both M20 and M30 grade of concrete. Also there is a very little change in 28 days compressive strength with all accelerators for both M20 and M30 grade of concrete.

Abstract: Concrete is very important construction material. The main composition of concrete is cement (OPC), coarse aggregate (blasted rubble), fine aggregate (sand) and water. This study aims to introduce a low cost admixture which is a waste product from paper industry which are disposed to water resources and causing serious environmental problems .So, by incorporating PBL to concrete pollution can be reduced and the properties of concrete can be improved. Here we are trying to study the effect of pulp black liquor (PBL) as an admixture in concrete. The investigation is made by using the pulp black liquor from Hindustan Newsprint Limited Vellore (HNL) .The properties of pulp black liquor and its performance on concrete with three different design mixes and setting times of cement (OPC) were observed. The  results shows that pulp black liquor increases the strength of concrete, improves compaction, reduces honey combing and retards the initial setting time and final setting time of concrete.
Keywords:  PBL, OPC, HNL, Admixture
Title:  Utilisation of Pulp Black Liquor as  an Admixture in Concrete,
Author:  Paul Shaji, Anagha K J, Anju R Paithackal, Aswathy K P, Sukanya K S
International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research
ISSN 2348-7607 (Online)
Research Publish Journals

The aim of the study is to design and implement an OPC-based SCADA system’s physical and software structure model, which controls and supervises systems containing multiple controllers from different commercial companies.Within the scope of the study, we implemented an electro-pneumatic pressing unit as a prototype and designed the operator panel to be used by the operator for handling the pressing process and integrated it into the system.An OPC server-based SCADA system was designed to supervise and control all the Electro-Pneumatic Pressing System, which contains multiple controllers from different commercial brands, which use different industrial communications protocols.

One of the approaches in improving the durability of concrete is to use blended cement materials such as fly ash, silica fume, slag and more recently, metakaolin. By changing the chemistry and microstructure of concrete, pozzolans reduce the capillary porosity of the cementitious system and make them less permeable to exterior chemical sources as well as reducing the internal chemical incompatilities such as alkali-silica reaction. The concrete industry is known to leave an enormous environmental footprint on Planet Earth. First, there are the sheer volumes of material needed to produce the billions of tons of concrete worldwide each year. Then there are the CO2 emissions caused during the production of Portland cement. Together with the energy requirements, water consumption and generation of construction and demolition waste, these factors contribute to the general appearance that concrete is not particularly environmentally friendly or compatible with the demands of sustainable development. Thus, use of these supplementary cementitious materials can reduce the effects of cement causing severe environmental impact. This study presents the results of different mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural concrete by partially replacing cement with metakaolin and silica fume. The replacement of metakaolin is varied from 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and silica fume from 6%, 8% and 10%. The property of concrete in fresh state that is the workability is also studied during the present investigation. The optimum doses of silica fume and metakaolin in combination were found to be 6% and 15% (by weight) respectively, when used as part replacement of ordinary Portland cement.

The term aerosol, or particulate matter (PM), defines a colloidal mixture where liquid and solid particles are suspended in the air. Aerosols are an integral part of the atmosphere and they therefore interact with solar radiation by affecting climate (primary and secondary effect) and atmospheric visibility. Aerosols also impact human health as they are associated with cardiopulmonary and airways diseases.
This dissertation project focuses on critical aspects of optical particle counters (OPCs), which are based on light scattering to return the particle number concentration and size distribution of airborne aerosol on a real-time basis. The goals of this work are:

1) to characterise and improve the performances of a novel OPC (CompactOPC N1, Alphasense; hereafter COPC) against a standard commercial OPC (Grimm 1.108; hereafter GRM);

2) to build up a test bench for calibrating an OPC used in clean room and sanitary environments (Laser Particle Sensor 3715-00, Kanomax; hereafter LPS). Pollution S.r.l., the Italian producer and distributor of the LPS is keen on this goal, since calibrations of this OPC are not performed in Italy.

Experimental tests were carried out with indoor aerosol and monodisperse spheres of polystyrene latex (PSL) of different sizes, by sampling with all OPCs and, in parallel, onto a filter to count particles at a scanning electron microscope (SEM), in order to obtain an absolute reference value for particle number concentration.
Results indicated a good agreement between the concentrations returned by the GRM and the ones obtained at the SEM. Also, in this work the COPC's performances could be improved by modifying its standard version. Furthermore, the calibration of the LPS could be carried out by using the test bench developed in this work.
The experimental work relating to this dissertation project was carried out in the
Laboratory for Aerosol and Cloud Physics of the Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science (ISAC) at the Italian National Research Council (CNR) in Bologna.

In the present work OPC and OPC/slag concretes were exposed to elevated temperatures, 400 and 800°C. The critical temperature of 400°C has been reported for OPC paste. Above 400°C, the paste hydrate Ca(OH)2 dehydrates into CaO causing the OPC paste to shrink and crack. After cooling and in the presence of air moisture, CaO rehydrates into Ca(OH)2, resulting in disintegration

In India, coal will continue to remain a major source of fuel for generation of power. At present, about 65% power is produced by using coal as fuel, which results in the production of about 185 million tons of ash per annum. Considering the tremendous growth required in the power sector for the development of Indian economy, it is expected that ash generation will reach 225 million tons per annum by 2020. Ash is good resource material for utilization in various areas such as manufacture of cement, cement concrete, embankment construction, low lying area filling etc. In India, during mid-seventies and early eighties, engineers/scientists were responsible for making standards/codes had understood the useful properties of the ash and necessary provision were made in various Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) such as IS: 456- 1976- Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete, IS: 1489 (part-1)-1976 - Specification for Portland Pozzolana Cement, IS: 2250 -1981 - Code of practice for preparation of masonry mortar etc. However, fly ash utilization could not make an impact mainly because adequate arrangement for collection of fly ash at thermal power stations was not available. The quality of fly ash was not good due to high-unburnt carbon content and less fineness, and awareness was negligible.

New degrees of freedom can be optimized in mask shapes when the source is also adjustable, because required image symmetries can be provided by the source rather than the collected wave front. The optimized mask will often consist of novel sets of shapes that ...

... Reinforced concrete repairs in beams. Ghassan Nounu Corresponding Author Contact Information , a and Zia-UL-Hasan Chaudhary b. a Faculty of the Built Environment, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Frenchay, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK. ...

The aim of the study is to design and implement an OPC-based SCADA system’s physical and software structure model, which controls and supervises systems containing multiple controllers from different commercial companies.Within the scope of the study, we implemented an electro-pneumatic pressing unit as a prototype and designed the operator panel to be used by the operator for handling the pressing process and integrated it into the system.An OPC server-based SCADA system was designed to supervise and control all the Electro-Pneumatic Pressing System, which contains multiple controllers from different commercial brands, which use different industrial communications protocols.

Iron deficiency in children is associated with a number of neural defects including hypomyelination. It has been hypothesized by others that this hypomyelination is due to a failure in myelin production. Other possibilities include failure in the generation of oligodendrocytes from their precursor cells or an interruption in oligodendrocyte maturation. These hypotheses are based on the observations that there is a peak in brain iron uptake in vivo that coincides with the period of greatest myelination and that a shortage of iron leads to myelination deficiency. We now demonstrate that iron availability modulates the generation of oligodendrocytes from tripotential-glial restricted precursor (GRP) cells isolated from the embryonic day 13.5 rat spinal cord. In contrast, we found no effects of iron on oligodendrocyte maturation or survival in vitro, nor did we find that increasing iron availability above basal levels increases oligodendrocyte generation from bipotential oligodendrocyte-type-2 astrocyte/oligodendrocyte precursor cells (O-2A/OPCs). Our results raise the possibility that iron may affect oligodendrocyte development at stages during early embryogenesis rather than during later development.

One of the approaches in improving the durability of concrete is to use blended cement materials such as fly ash, silica fume, slag and more recently, metakaolin. By changing the chemistry and microstructure of concrete, pozzolans reduce the capillary porosity of the cementitious system and make them less permeable to exterior chemical sources as well as reducing the internal chemical incompatilities such as alkali-silica reaction. The concrete industry is known to leave an enormous environmental footprint on Planet Earth. First, there are the sheer volumes of material needed to produce the billions of tons of concrete worldwide each year. Then there are the CO2 emissions caused during the production of Portland cement. Together with the energy requirements, water consumption and generation of construction and demolition waste, these factors contribute to the general appearance that concrete is not particularly environmentally friendly or compatible with the demands of sustainable development. Thus, use of these supplementary cementitious materials can reduce the effects of cement causing severe environmental impact. This study presents the results of different mechanical properties of concrete such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural concrete by partially replacing cement with metakaolin and silica fume. The replacement of metakaolin is varied from 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% and silica fume from 6%, 8% and 10%. The property of concrete in fresh state that is the workability is also studied during the present investigation. The optimum doses of silica fume and metakaolin in combination were found to be 6% and 15% (by weight) respectively, when used as part replacement of ordinary Portland cement.

This review surveys the contributions of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) to maintenance and differentiation of stem and progenitor cells. A diverse family of PTPs acts at multiple steps of signaling cascades and cellular locales. Their activities as signaling modifiers provide another layer of integration of signaling pathways, which functionally link to the cellular activity and ultimately converge into the regulation of stem and progenitor cell fates. The development of agents targeting PTPs is a growing endeavor that will benefit stem cell biology and offer promising therapeutic strategies.