PLC

The standard operation of companies involves managing risk, whether that risk comes from safety or financial factors. Despite this fact, most companies do little or nothing to manage the safety or financial risk related to their controller automation. This is quite surprising for manufacturing and production companies that depend primarily on equipment and process automation. Those involved in industrial management, plant safety, maintenance and installation of automation equipment should give serious consideration to the risks involved with their PLCs. This article focuses on automation control, but the following approach should be applied to all aspects of manufacturing and production automation.

In the glass industry, it is expensive and dangerous for the workers to make modifications and adjustments in the line of production and the total or partial fault of some of the systems or components affects the continuity of the production process. The amount of time that requires the adjustment or repairment of a forming station in the production line, makes necessary to have a station of tests outside the line. The company Cristar S.A. have a station Harford - 28 outside the production line, that is used for tests and adjustments in order to prevent possible faults or correct problems before putting in operation in the production line. This H-28 station has an obsolete technique automation, since it counts on a timing drum to follow the sequences and it does not have security systems against crushing or blows that might injure the worker. In this article,it is presented the procedure of updating technology in the station of tests, changing the technique timing drum by using tech...

In this paper, the control of the plant for mineral wool production consisting of a number of the technological units of different sizes and complexity is considered. The application of modern equipment based on PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and SCADA (Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition) configuration provides optimal control of technological process. Described supervisory and control system is consisting of a number of units doing decentralized distributed control of technological entities where all possible situation are considered during work of machines and devices, which are installed in electric drive and are protected from technological and electrical accident. Transformer station and diesel engine, raw materials transport and dosage, processes in dome oven, centrifuges, polycondensation (PC) chamber, burners, compressor station, binder preparation and dosage, wool cutting, completed panel packing and their transport to storehouse are controlled. Process variables...

A new concept of Power line Communication. Now human operators do the Meter reading for the consumption of Electricity from house to house and building to building. It requires huge number of labor and takes more time to complete the process. Reading error is a common cause of human operator. Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) becomes an executable option to overcome the problems of huge time taking to get the meter readings, the measured values are in kilo watt-hours (kWh) by energy meter. The supply status of the consumer reading unit we identified the disk rotation of the energy meter. The main advantage of this system is a low cost system that produces very encouraging results and it can be implemented upon existing electro-mechanical meters so there is no need to purchasing new meters AMR is the remote collection of consumption data from customer's utility meters over power line. Power-Line Communication (PLC) carries data on a conductor that is also used simultaneously for AC electric power distribution to consumers. PLC transmitter is responsible for transmission of data from the provider end. At the provider end, there will be the PLC receiver, which is responsible for data receiving, and this module makes an interface with computer, which is responsible for data processing.

CNC machining nowadays makes more use of "Mechatronics" increasingly. Combining numerical control with mechanic, electric, and data processing systems can lead to new methods of production. In recent years, the development of CNC has made it possible to perform nonlinear correction motions for the cutting of spiral bevel gears. In this paper, we attempt to manufacture the spiral bevel gear using a three-axis CNC milling machine interfaced with an additional PLC module based on traditional discontinuous multicutting method accomplished by using a universal milling machine interfaced with an indexing work head. This research consists of (a) geometric modeling of the spiral bevel gear, (b) simulating the traditional and our new nontraditional method using a CAD/CAE system, (c) process planning for CNC machining and PLC Programming, (d) experimental cuts with a three-axis CNC milling machine were made to discover the validity of the presented method. The results demonstrate that invented experimental cutting method of SBGs not only is less expensive than advanced CNC machining but also produces gears in a shorter time in comparison with the traditional cutting. Thereby, it is an economical method in manufacturing of SBGs.

PLC, the core element of modern automation systems, due to serial execution, exhibits limitations like slow speed and poor scan time. Improved PLC design using FPGA has been proposed based on parallel execution mechanism for enhancement of performance and flexibility. Modelsim as simulation platform and VHDL used to translate, integrate and implement the logic circuit in FPGA. Xilinx's Spartan kit for implementation-testing and VB has been used for GUI development. Salient merits of the design include cost-effectiveness, miniaturization, user-friendliness, simplicity, along with lower power consumption, smaller scan time and higher speed. Various functionalities and applications like typical PLC and industrial alarm annunciator have been developed and successfully tested. Results of simulation, design and implementation have been reported.

The thin wall steel U-pipe is the main component of a heat exchanger. It is extremely applied in various machines such as heat exchanger, air conditioner and refrigerator. However, the handicraft operation method is generally adopted in our country currently with its big labor strength and low efficiency in the actual production process. In order to resolve this practical problem, we design the automatic control pipe bender which can process various radius of the thin wall steel pipe.

Abstract. Control systems commonly employ Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs); it would be very useful, since some are safety critical, to use formal methods to increase their security. In this paper we propose a method to verify the PLCs with the B method generating automatically the formal models, which would make it possible to integrate formal methods to an existing industrial process. We also present a case study that is being carried out in a real railway project with high speed trains.

The Automatic car wash is designed to wash sedan type of cars available in Indian Market. Ranging for as small as Honda Amaze (3.9m) to as long as Mercedes S550 MayBach (5.45m).The number of cars are increasing on Indian roads exponentially, as the purchasing power of people are increasing. Hence there is a need of High end Technology that fast, quick & efficient. People nowadays are more concern about the looks of car & a car lover won't like his car dirty. So this project would be smart solution to the problem. It also has to be eco-friendly & should not harm our environment. As a dirt on car can cause many problems ranging from spoiling of paint job to even causing hindrance in working of suspensions. The machine is fully contained in its own structure, no drawbacks & easily transportable. The machine simply needs a flat surface for installation which can be created in case not available. Owners of service centre can make use of this project so that to reduce manpower. As this is fast, mall owner can make this washer available to the customer, so that they will receive their car clean.

The work presented in this paper focuses on the
effects of high leakage current in field effect transistors and the
possible ways to play down with the leakage currents. This paper
combines density functional theory and non equilibrium Green’s
function formalism to perform atomic scale calculation of tunnel
currents through SiO2, HfO2, Ta2O5, ZrO2 and Dy2O3 dielectrics
in MOSFETs. The tunnel currents for different bias voltages
applied to Si/Insulator/Si systems have been obtained along with
tunnel conductance v/s bias voltage plots for each system and the plots have been analyzed with reference to the presently used
bulk Si/SiO2/Si systems that have SiO2 as the gate dielectric
material. The results justify the use of high dielectric constant
materials as gate dielectric in FET devices so as to enable further
downscaling of MOSFETs with reduced gate leakage currents
thereby enabling ultra large scale integration.

so I took the PLC class for 45 days, and here are my notes during class. from entering the soft skill class, practice class until the exam.

table of contents for PLC Program using CX-PROGRAMMER:
1. Motor Standby
2. Lampu berurutan-mati seluruhnya-kembali
3. Lampu berurutan-mati satu persatu-delay-kembali
4. Lampu berurutan-mati satu persatu-TANPA delay-kembali
4a. Lampu berurutan-mati satu persatu-TANPA delay-kembali
5. 2 Lampu lalu lintas
6. 3 Lampu lalu lintas
7. Foward Reverse
8. Pintu Gerbang Garasi Semi Otomatis dengan 2 Limit Switch
9. Mobil Berjalan Maju Mundur 2 Limit Switch dan 2 Timer berhenti 3 Detik
9a. Mobil Berjalan Maju Mundur 2 Limit Switch dan 2 Timer berhenti 3 Detik
10. Foward Reverse ditambahkan emergency yang diaktifkan saat motor menyala
10. Foward Reverse ditambahkan emergency yang diaktifkan saat motor menyala TANPA IR
11. Gerbang Garasi menggunakan Sensor tanpa Pushbutton
12. 3 konveyor berjalan 3 sensor tanpa mati


6 AGUSTUS 2019
CODE 06AUG19
1. Lampu menyala MANUAL berurutan-mati urut dari akhir ke awal
2. Lampu menyala OTOMATIS berurutan-mati urut dari akhir ke awal
3. Kuis Tepat Cepat
4. JOG 1 kontaktor**** (idk)
5. STAR DELTA 1 tombol

A subject of the master thesis is a usage of OPC standard for dynamic process control purpose. The process is both simulated and realized in real time. The aim of this work will be to specify OPC server/client configuration methods for different control parameters. Additionally, various OPC specifications and their implementation in modern manufacturing process will be described.

An Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) is a set of cooperative driverless vehicle, used on manufacturing floor and
coordinated by a centralized or distributed computer-based control system. AGVs-based Material Handling
Systems (MHSs) are widely used in several Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) installations. One of the
challenge in MHSs is how flexible and adequate is the utilization. The key issue of the flexibility of MHSs is the
routing system. It should be designed in a way that can be easily modified to become adaptable to new or replaced
machines. The main focus of this study is to make an AGV with the convenient materials, simple and applicable
routing system and more importantly reducing the cost and increasing the flexibility. For this propose an AGV is
basically modeled and designed with CATIA software and developed with special specifications.
Keywords: Fuzzy logic, steering system, programmable logic control (PLC), flexible manufacturing system
(FMS), material handling system (MHS)

Report on a project to integrate a KUKA KR16 robot to a PLC (SPS) and have it play the Tic-Tac-Toe game. This objective has three important and measurable sub-tasks:
1. Programming Siemens PLCs (CPU315-2DP) – Tic-Tac-Toe game programming.
2. Configuring PLC PROFIBUS network and Distributed Field Devices.
3. Programming the KUKA robot to perform game tasks based on PROFIBUS input from the Siemens PLC.
The tasks were successfully performed and a functional system was made available to University of Siegen in Germany.

This project aims at automating many home appliances. The appliances are
controlled automatically and the functioning of the appliances is controlled by
the programmable Logic Controller (PLC). As the functioning of the appliances
is integrated with the working of PLC, the project proves to be accurate,
reliable and more efficient than the existing controllers.
The processes that are proposed to be automated in this project are:-
1. Interior and Exterior Lights
2. Burglar Alarm
3. Fire Alarm
4. AC On/Off, Lights On/Off and Fans On/Off Using DTMF
Also, the functioning of many of these devices will be interconnected depending
upon the events that occur. The monitoring of the complete process will be done
through SCADA.

This  paper presents an automation of packaging
and material handling using a programmable logic controller. The idea is to automate the process of placing the materials inside a box, detecting good and bad items in terms of weight, and sealing using a packaging tape. The purpose of the study is to replace the manual system being used in the industry, compare the time, and manpower requirement for both the existing system with the proposed automated system. The Mitsubishi FX series programmable logic controller is used to mechanize the system. Sensors such as proximity and load sensor are used to provide the input to the system. The motors, pneumatics, and  also the  solenoids serve as the output. The researchers used a ladder diagram as a software that will control  then  the  whole system between its input and output components. An experimental prototype is produced to fully automate the system.  The experimentation is done through different trials and the rate of travel time is measured thru averaging. It is found out that the  system decreases time and manpower requirements for every station as compared with
traditional manual system. A reduction of 50% to 75% was
observed in terms of time allotment for filling, weighing, and
sealing stations. About 90% of full automation without human is specified  also  in the system. The paper ends with  the recommendation of integrating the experimental prototype with  the  human machine interface or HMI and feedback mechanisms for the rejected items using artificial intelligence techniques and methods.

Early Programming Logic Control (PLC) were designed to replace relay logic systems. These PLCs were programmed in “Ladder Logic”, which strongly resembles a schematic diagram of relay logic. Programming logic control has several features like protection from the open area conditions such dust, heat and cold. PLC also has the ability to arrangement the inputs/outputs. It has low cost compared with microcontroller systems because using PLC in different applications only required to change the software
for each application but in case of using microcontroller the hardware components itself must be changed
with different applications.Two important applications for programming logic control and also an engineering solution to save the human life are explained in this paper, one application is a robot used as a toxic chemical substances
spraying, and the other application is a robot used for washing the faces glasses of skyscrapers. These
mobile robots used PLC as a controlled tool for its motion and liquid flow rate also.

In this paper the basic concepts of HMI (Human Machine Interface) & SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) systems is studied, and then interfacing it with PLC system. Industrial Burner Automation is being done which is based on PLC,HMI & SCADA with remote monitoring and energy conservation. Remote monitoring of field devices is being done with the Scada software and it gathers all the data from Plc module. Here HMI is being used to primarily control and monitor the industrial wood pellet burner. Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) is being used to control the speed of motor by PID control logic.. A P&I screen will be designed to be used for easy monitoring for the burner operator. A Process Trend and Data log will be available for finding the previous and current value of parameters. By Data Logging in SCADA all the data which will be gathered from data logging will be saved to a computer system.

This paper presents the automatic water bottle filling system using plc and scada. Automation is the field which reduces the human efforts and labour requirement. One of the important application of the automation is in the soft drinks and other beverage industries, where the particular liquid has to be filled continuously. The machines are specialist for filling water in any kind of bottle. This bottle filling mechanism is done using the various types of sensors. The filling operation is controlled using plc and scada. This whole process is done using the various components like solenoid valve, conveyor belt, sensors. Mrs Shweta Suryawanshi | Mr. Dhananjay Shelke | Mr. Mangesh Tandale | Mr. Akshay Patil"Automatic Bottle Filling System using PLC" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-1 | Issue-6 , October 2017, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd4592.pdf

In earlier year Hydro Power Plant controlling is manually and only qualified person operate and many person is needed for controlling the plant. In our project on controlling to process variable parameter such a level and limit of water with real time implementation of the gate controlling of stepper motor using programmable logic controller. In our project PLC is use as an industrial computer playing the major role of a control and micro switch provide incoming signal to the controlling unit.in our project system model is provide with two level in the one level is upper and one level output the ladder logic is actuated and SCADA give live monitoring display.