Pillar

The study presents crystal plasticity finite element simulations of cylindrical Cu single crystal micropillar compression tests. The aim is to study the influence of the stability of the initial crystal orientation, sample geometry (diameter-to-length ratio) and friction on the anisotropy and crystallographic orientation changes during such tests. Initial anisotropy (initial orientation) has a strong influence on the evolution of crystallographic orientation changes and also, to a minor extent, on the sample shape during compression. Pronounced orientation changes occur at an early stage of compression (at engineering strains of 0.2), entailing as a rule a large orientation spread within the initially uniformly oriented sample. A non-zero friction has a stabilizing effect on the course of the compression test even in cases where strong orientation changes occur. The evolution of orientation changes during compression is in part due to rigid body rotations (shape inclination due to buckling) rather than exclusively to crystallographic reorientation. Orientations that are crystallographically unstable and non-symmetric during compression tend to entail shape instability of the pillars at an earlier stage than observed for more stable cases.

Los estados de conservación de las monedas.
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Le site neolithique PPNB de Gobekli Tepe (Sud-Est de la Turquie), recemment mis au jour, presente une architecture et un art sans pareils. L'art est particulierement riche en representations animales - figurines en pierre, sculptures et piliers megalithiques decorees en bas-relief - et montre le role important joue par les animaux dans le monde spirituel de groupes humains PPN frequentant le site. Jusqu'ici dix taxons de vertebres ont ete identifies, dont neuf sont aussi presents dans l'archeofaune du site. Le debat porte sur le role eventuel des especes animales figurees a Gobekli Tepe, en particulier a savoir si l'espace demarque par les piliers a pu etre temoin de rituels de chasse, d'initiation et rites de passage, de rencontres spirituelles ou de pratiques funebres. Etant donne notre connaissance limitee concernant le role joue par les animaux dans le monde symbolique du PPN, en particulier par rapport a la logique et a la metaphysique gouvernant le choix de...

Regarding the tradition of our Church, it must be specified first of all that the practice of reading the ‟pillars” for the laity is a local custom, in the sense that it is not found in other Orthodox traditions, such as Greek and Russian (at least this is clear from various studies), and that it does not represent a substitution of the readings indicated by the church tradition, but rather an addition. In other words, the order of the “pillars” does not represent in any way, in the vision of our Romanian Orthodox Church, a departure from the church tradition, but rather an “enrichment” of it. About some of the peculiarities of the funeral ‟pillars”, less addressed, but not only, we will try to write in this study.

The recently discovered Pre-Pottery Neolithic site of Göbekli Tepe (SE-Turkey) is unparalleled in its architecture and art. The latter is particularly rich in animal depictions-stone figurines, sculptures and megalithic pillars decorated with bas-reliefs-and illustrates the prominent role animals played in the spiritual world of PPN human groups frequenting the site. Up to now, ten vertebrate taxa could be identified, nine of which also appeared in the archaeofaunal record of the site. Discussion focussed upon the possible role of the animal species figured at Göbekli Tepe, in particular whether the space demarcated by the pillars could have witnessed the performance of hunting rituals, initiation and passage rites, spiritual encounters or funeral practices. In view of our limited knowledge about the role animals played in the symbolic world of the PPN, in particular with respect to the logic and metaphysics governing the choice of species, the question of what purpose the enclosure...

The notion of digital transformation encompasses the adoption and integration of a variety of new information and communication technologies for the development of more efficient, flexible, agile, and sustainable solutions for industrial systems. Besides technology, this process also involves new organizational forms and leads to new business models. As such, this work addresses the contribution of collaborative networks to such a transformation. An analysis of the collaborative aspects required in the various dimensions of the 4th industrial revolution is conducted based on a literature survey and experiences gained from several research projects. A mapping between the identified collaboration needs and research results that can be adopted from the collaborative networks area is presented. Furthermore, several new research challenges are identified and briefly characterized.

Many south-east European states made the transition from socialist to market economies. All described here had to reform their pension systems to match the new context in which these operated. The experiences of 10 countries are reviewed – seven of which were once part of Yugoslavia. Some countries’ reforms were more radical than others. Five of them merely adapted the Bismarckian systems they had inherited; four others adopted the “three pillar” model that the World Bank had been propagating. One went further than that. The four who followed World Bank model were often forced to backtrack. Whatever the longer-term benefits, they generated their own shorter-term fiscal problems. Nonetheless, the most radical reformer gives some indications of possible ways forward. The south-eastern European states do not have financial markets that can support capitalised/funded pension systems. Nor do they have the resources to pay proportional pensions that, at the same time, keep retired people ...

This research aims to analyze the column as an important element in architecture and interior design and its status in the contemporary architecture. It identifies the rank and mechanism of evolution and changes through its presence during the historical development to the present day as a structural, esthetical, functional and symbolical element. The study found that the column still have the same esthetical, functional and symbolical effects; on the other hand the result show that there is poor relationship between the column as a structural element and all the previous attributes, that rarely the esthetical, functional, or symbolical columns represented a structural element and vice versa.

has in his imagination a picture of the internal economy of his patient. At the first consultation e forms a judgment of the condition of the invisible organ or organs whose aberrations he considers to be the starting points of his patient's illness. From week to week, and from month to month,he watches with a curious "internal" eye the processes and structural changes which he believes to be taking