Sintashta

The Proceedings include the contributions of the XIth All-Russian Conference with international participation named after Prof. V.V. Zaykov»Geoarchaeology and Archaeological Mineralogy-2024». The Proceedings includes extended abstracts devoted to the analysis of technological traditions of the prehistoric past revealed by means of natural-scientific analytical methods. The first chapter is devoted to current problems of geoarchaeology of a general nature in the key to their solution using mineralogical and geochemical research methods. The second chapter combines geochemical studies of bone remains of people and animals, as well as archaeozoological research. The third chapter presents natural-scientific analytical methods for studying various archaeological objects and artifacts. The fourth chapter is devoted to the study of the use of rocks by ancient societies and the technology of processing stone material. The fifth and sixth parts combine studies of metal production of the Paleometal era, as well as the early Iron Age and the Middle Ages. The Proceedings is intended for geologists, archaeologists, historians, and museum staff.

Глава из коллективной монографии: Степное: новые горизонты: коллективная монография / Е.В. Куприянова, Н.С. Батанина, Б.К. Хэнкс, Д.Г. Зданович, Л.Л. Гайдученко, М.Н. Анкушев, И.А. Блинов, А.А. Гольева, Дж.А. Джонсон, А.В. Епимахов, Н.Ф. Петров, Ф.Н. Петров, Н.Е. Рябогина, Ын Чуен Ян; под общ. ред. Е. В. Куприяновой. Челябинск: Изд-во Челябинского гос. университета, 2023.

The article is devoted to the contribution of Igor Borisovich Vasiliev in the study of the Bronze Age of the Volga region. In 2024, the Samara State Pedagogical University will celebrate 50 years of archaeological activity and 20 years of memory of an outstanding scientist. I.B. Vasiliev made a significant contribution to the research of the Bronze Age in the Volga region. He substantiated the discovery of new cultures (Volsk-Lbschi, Potapovka), discovered bright sites of the Yamnaya, Poltavka, Srubnaya cultures and ones of the final Bronze Age. The researcher was at the origins of the creation of the archaeological school of the Samara State Pedagogical University and the use of interdisciplinary methods in the archaeology of the Volga region. The researcher has carried out a lot of scientific and organizational work: holding expeditions, conferences, creating a laboratory, a museum, an institute of history and archeology of the Volga region. Scientific conclusions of I.B. Vasiliev are relevant not only for the Volga region and the Urals, but also for other regions.

An analysis "The prehistoric origins of the domestic horse and horseback riding" by Markku Niskanen is presented. It is shown that the author did not take into account a number of factors that served as an obstacle to the emergence of horse riding in the Eneolithic-Bronze Age before the appearance of DOM2 horses.

Семененко А.А. Отсутствие критического мышления, недостоверность и манипуляция сознанием  как проблемы применения цифровых технологий в образовательно- просветительской  деятельности (о видеолекции Семьяна  И.А. «Колесничный комплекс синташтинской культуры») //  Диалог на равных: материалы региональной научно-практической конференции, 09 февраля 2024 года, г. Воронеж. — Воронеж : Воронежский государственный педагогический университет, 2024. — С. 262—273.

Деконструкция псевдоаргумента о миниатюрности лошадей как критерии колесничного характера погребений с колёсными ямками синташтинской и петровской археологических культур бронзового века и другие проблемы распространения псевдонауки в Интернете.

Deconstruction of the pseudo-argumentation on the miniaturization of horses as criteria for the chariot character of burials with wheel pits of the Sintashta and Petrovka archaeological cultures of the Bronze Age and other problems of the dissemination of pseudoscience on the Internet.

Семененко А.А. Проблема проникновения псевдолингвистики в системы учреждений школьного образования и подготовки педагогических кадров (на примере пропаганды синташтинского «арийского» «языка» в высших учебных заведениях и школьных музеях  Челябинска) // Партнёрство семьи и образовательной организации в вопросах воспитания и образования ребенка: проблемы, задачи, перспективы: материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции (АНО ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки», 20 марта 2024г.) / ред. колл.: Т.Ю. Хабарова, Н.С. Махина, Д.Н. Припутневич, М.Н. Гребенникова. — Воронеж: Воронежский государственный педагогический университет, 2024. — С. 423—426.

На основании обобщающего анализа известных и новых сведений, предложено четыре главных критерия, характеризующих укреплённые поселения синташтинско-петровского типа: 1 – расположение вблизи берегов рек и озёр Урало-Казахстанских северных степей; 2 – замкнутые укреплённые площадки определённых форм (округлая и прямоугольная, плюс их сочетания) и размеров (0.5–3.5 га); 3 – плотная застройка внутри укреплений рядами однотипных больших жилищ; 4 – соответствие такой архитектурной модели материалам синташтинской и петровской археологических культур. Рассмотрены различные варианты подсчёта количества таких поселений. В соответствии с предложенными критериями и результатами недавних открытий, исследований и публикаций на момент написания статьи известно 30 объектов. Это число может быть увеличено вследствие обнаружения на космоснимках ещё четырёх структур, обладающих признаками укреплённых поселений синташтинско-петровского типа. Ареал поселений, с учётом применяемой системы подсчёта и открытия новых объектов-«кандидатов», можно обозначить протяжённой и достаточно широкой полосой (250×700 км) Урало-Казахстанских степей от Уральских гор до Приишимья, соединив таким образом два прежде разрозненных кластера в Южном Зауралье и Северном Казахстане.

Four main criteria have been proposed that characterize fortified settlements of the Sintashta-Petrovka type: 1 – location near the banks of rivers and lakes of the Ural-Kazakhstan northern steppes, 2 – closed fortified areas of certain shapes (round and rectangular, plus their combinations) and sizes (0.5–3.5 hectares), 3 – dense buildings inside fortifications with rows of similar large dwellings, 4 – correspondence of such an architectural model to the materials of the Sintashta and Petrovka archaeological cultures. Various options for calculating the number of such settlements are considered. In accordance with the proposed criteria and the results of recent discoveries, research and publications, at the time of writing, 30 objects are known. This number can be increased due to the discovery on satellite images of four more structures that have signs of Sintashta-Petrovka type fortified settlements. The area of settlements, taking into account the applied counting system and the discovery of new ‘candidate’ objects, can be designated by an extended and fairly wide strip (250×700 km) of the Ural-Kazakhstan steppes from the Ural Mountains to the Ishim region, thus connecting two previously separate clusters in the Southern Trans-Urals and Northern Kazakhstan.

The interconnectedness of the ancient European, Eurasian and Chinese worlds is not doubted, but just what was exchanged and how the transmission of ideas took place is a question very much under investigation. This paper examines peculiarities of equid harnessing and draught across this vast area as a case in point to consider such issues as diffusion and independent invention, especially in relation to the emergence of single draught vehicles.

Abstract of the doctoral dissertation of Ulchitsky O.A. Topic: “Formation of a system of fortified settlements in the Southern Urals in the 3rd-2nd millennia BC.” makes a significant contribution  to the scientific direction in specialty 2.1.11.Theory and history of architecture, restoration and reconstruction of historical and architectural heritage.

Cool temperate semi-arid vegetation landscape around the Arkaim eco-preserve was introduced and the phytogeographical differences between forest steppe in and around the Arkaim, south-eastern Ural, and semi-arid subtropical savanna in south-western Africa were discussed. We considered forests of Betula pendula and Pinus sylvestris, instead of some types of steppe, as potential natural vegetation in and around the Arkaim, because of relatively sufficient water supply to the vegetation. Both the Betula forest and Pinus forest will be climax vegetation in a cool temperate semi-arid zone characterized by the severe condition as arid and/or low temperature. People who occupied around the Arkaim in the Bronze Age are assumed to have used forests and changed them into steppe. Forest area in south-eastern Ural is usually bounded clearly by the area of grass steppe. Contrarily semi-arid subtropical woody vegetation, savanna, is represented by open woodland with sparse distribution of trees. ...

Spatial distribution of bioavailable strontium in the South Trans-Urals. Aim. Development and test of a methodology for obtaining a bioavailable strontium map suitable for studying migrations and mobility in the Bronze Age in the Southern Trans-Urals. Methods. Sampling was conducted in 73 loci located in a uniform network in a 25 ± 5 km grid and in 22 additional loci (transects along the intermediate lines in places of complex geological structure). The determination of strontium content was carried out by the ICP-MS method. The strontium isotope composition was measured using an inductively coupled plasma magneto-sector multi-collector mass spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS). Statistical methods included analysis with stem-and-leaf plots; Student’s t-test; ordinary kriging (the mean is unknown) with linear semivariogram; analysis of correlation according to Pearson’s test. Results. The surveyed area is 36 sq. km2. The sample size is 357. Samples for different types have similar mean and median values; the differences occur in the fourth fractional digit. Criterion 1 (n ≥ 0.001) can be used to determine local variability, and Criterion 2 (0.706 < n < 0.716) can be used to assess the origin of ancient individuals, animals, and archaeological objects. The interpolated maps for each sample type were created. All bioavailable strontium maps show similar spatial patterns. Cross-validation revealed areas of the lowest accuracy.
Conclusions. The similarity of the distribution of anomalies on the maps of different types suggests the feasibility of the sampling technique. There is a clear tendency for the zones of elevated 87Sr/86Sr values to be associated with the older lithology (0.7106, mean). The lower values (0.7091 ± 0.002) are associated with the younger lithology. Given the complex geological structure and a wide range of rocks in the study area, a positive result is the low differentiation of the zoning of
the identified anomalies, which correspond to large structural-formation zones of the Urals. The presented method demonstrates its suitability for studying sublatitudinal migrations of the ancient population of the Southern Trans-Urals.

The article presents the results of the typological division of mounds of the Sintash culture. There are 4 types in total. Type 1. There are two grave pits in the center of the burial. The remaining burials are located around them in one or two rings. The average diameter of the mounds is 25 m with a height of 0.7-1.0 m. They make up 30% of all mounds. Type 2. A mound of simple round design for placing burials. The burial pits are located in a circle or semicircle relative to the center of the burial ground. The diameter of the burial is on average 13 m, the height of the mound is 0.3 m. They make up 16% of all mounds. Type 3. Mounds, in which there are two grave pits. The average diameter of the burial is 17.5 m, the height of the mound is 0.5 m. They make up 24% of all mounds. Type 4. Mounds with one burial pit located in the center of the burial ground. The average diameter of type 4 mounds is 17.5 m, height – 0.7 m. The largest share is 30%. Type 1 mounds are predominantly the burial places of warriors and the elite of large wealthy communities. Kurgan type 2 – burial of the social elite of poorer and less numerous communities/families. In mounds of types 3 and 4, people were buried who were quite revered (a large amount of labor and prestigious equipment were spent on the construction of the mound), but their profession or life events did not allow them to be buried. in a common mound. The metallurgists were one such distinct group. Key words: Sintash culture, funeral rite, mound, planigraphy, typology

The work is devoted to a discussion of the main archaeozoological parameters of sacrificial animals and the forms
of their representation based on materials from one of the burial mounds of the Sintashta culture. When processing
materials, standard and generally accepted techniques were used. Particular attention was paid to fixing the system
of fragmentation, bone surface modifications, age-related and pathological changes in the bones of livestock. The
funeral rite of the Sintashta culture is characterized by the massive use of domestic animals (cattle, caprines, horses,
dogs). The main form of representation of livestock is the layout in the form of head and distal extremities, as well
as single skeletal elements or a combination of several bones or their fragments. The ritual involved mainly adult
animals and, in some cases, individuals with health problems that were visible to humans. Analysis of age-related
and pathological changes on the bones of cattle and horses does not provide reliable arguments for reconstructing
the fact of the use of working animals in the ritual. A characteristic manner of bone fragmentation was recorded in
the form of their longitudinal splitting. In addition to the main results, the study showed the weak capabilities of
archaeozoology in interpreting bone surface modifications in bones, which significantly reduces the possibility of
carrying out a number of reconstructions

Семененко А. А. Усиление роли исторического просвещения в системе общего образования и проблема псевдопросвещения (на примере преподавания истории родного края в бронзовом веке в Челябинской области) // Учитель крупным планом: материалы Межрегиональной научно-практической конференции / под ред. Г. А. Заварзиной; ВГПУ; МБОУ СОШ №39. — Воронеж: Издательско-полиграфический центр «Научная книга», 2023. — С. 58—72.

European Bronze Age societies are generally characterised by increased mobility and the application of isotopic methods to archaeology has allowed the rate and range of human travels to be quantified. However, little is known about the mobility of the people inhabiting East-Central Europe in the late Early and Middle Bronze Age (1950–1250 BC) whose primary subsistence strategy was herding supported by crop cultivation. This paper presents the results of strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope analyses in the enamel of people buried in collective graves at the cemeteries in Gustorzyn and Żerniki Górne. These sites are located in Kujawy and the Nida Basin, a lowland and an upland region with clearly different environmental conditions, respectively. Both sites are classified as belonging to the Trzciniec cultural circle and were used between 16th and 13th centuries BC. Among the 34 examined individuals only an adult female from Gustorzyn can be assessed as non-local based on bo...

The article describes the results of a scientific study on the typology of the Southern Urals fortified settlements of the Bronze Age development. Archaeological data comprehensive analysis related to the architectural and urban planning interpretation of previously studied materials, using graphic restoration of architecture methods which allowed us to clarify the definition of the settlements typology belonging to the ancient cultures of the Southern Urals. The dynamics of the basic typological criteria development, whereby it is proposed to determine a particular type of settlement, is taken into account. Four basic criteria introduces into a new typology of fortified settlements: space-planning structure of the layout nature, the size of settlements with account of surroundings, the morphology in the form of the plan and fortification power level. The typology reveals three main types of fortified settlements, which consist of ten subtypes that are combined into six morphotypes. A comparison of the fortified settlements areotectonics was made, which allowed us to demonstrate clearly the features and differences of fortification systems in terms of their power degree. In the train of the study, a table was compiled that shows the genesis of fortified settlements of the Bronze Age on the Southern Urals territory. Recommendations for the use of the typology in further research are given, in respect of the visualization of system connections between settlement objects, as well as for the expansion of the previously known, generally received typology of Bronze Age settlements according to Adams-Nissen, which used the parameters of settlement size and population density. The method of graphic coding in the typological model development is used as the most effective for displaying informative data on diagrams and graphs.

В 2022 г. во время продолжающихся раскопок поселения позднего бронзового века Панагия 1 в юго-западной части Таманского п-ва среди большого количества различных костяных изделий были выделены при трасологическом изучении три орудия первичного цикла работы с шерстью: ламель (стригальная полочка), применяемая как пластина-упор для срезания металлическим лезвием шерсти овцы во время стрижки, и остатки зубьев гребней-кард для расчесывания овечьей шерсти, удаления из нее спутанных участков, грязи и мусора. На основе привлечения большого круга аналогий авторы исследуют историографию вопроса, разбирают ошибки, допущенные в процессе изучения, а на основе трасологического анализа – взвешивают все «за» и «против» в процессе реконструкции способов изготовления и использования этих категорий костяных орудий. Попутно поднимается вопрос о наличии в погребениях эпохи бронзы разных типов гребней. Предлагаются и обосновываются изменения в названиях орудий и их частей, затрагиваются вопросы ритуально...

В статье проанализирована история изучения памятников финала среднего бронзового
века (СБВ) в степи и лесостепи Причерноморья. В зависимости от степени изученности материалов и методологических новаций в историографии выделены три этапа. Первые упоминания о находках керамики с налепными валиками и характерных костяных пряжек относятся
к концу XIX в. Впервые погребальные комплексы описаны В. А. Городцовым в начале XX в.,
но тогда были отнесены к срубным древностям. Дальнейшее исследование связано с раскопками поселений (прежде всего Бабино III), интерпретацией полученных материалов и выделением отдельной культуры многоваликовой керамики (КМК). На втором этапе наряду с термином КМК в работах С. Н. Братченко утверждается название «бабинская культура», выделен
каменско-ливенцовский тип памятников. В ходе обширных раскопок курганов были раскопаны сотни новых погребальных комплексов КМК–Бабино. Исследования С. С. Березанской,
В. А. Дергачёва, В. В. Отрощенко, Е. Н. Савы, Э. С. Шарафутдиновой сформировали представление о локально-хронологическом членении памятников финала СБВ. Третий этап характеризуется не количественным ростом материалов, а совершенствованием методики и методологии
их изучения. Речь идет о новой хронологии степных культур и концепции блокового развития
культур в очагах культурогенеза (В. С. Бочкарёв), что позволило расширить хронологические
рамки КМК–Бабино. Значительный вклад здесь внесли С.  Н.  Братченко, Р.  А.  Литвиненко,
Р. А. Мимоход. Недавние открытия специфических памятников финала среднего — позднего
бронзового века Тамани и Крыма, вероятно, маркируют начало нового этапа в историографии.

By means of the Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates, a comparison of chronologies of the Kamennyi Ambar settlement and the cemetery of Kamennyi Ambar-5 of the Late Bronze Age Syntashta-Petrovka period has been carried out. Both sites are situated in the valley of the Karagaily-Ayat River in the Kartalinsky district of Chelyabinsk Region (Russia). Comparison of the pottery assemblages of the settlement and the cemetery demonstrates their similarity, which suggests the existence of a genetic link between the sites. The purpose of this work is the development of a generalized chronological model of the two monuments. This is achieved by comparison of uncalibrated intervals of radiocarbon dates and calculation of chronological boundaries of the existence of the settlement and cemetery by means of Bayesian modeling of the calibrated dates. The method consists in that, in the beginning, the stratigraphic position of each date is determined, and then the dates suitable for the analysis are arranged in chronological order and calibrated, while the algorithm of the OxCal 4.4 calibration program is queried for calculation of the boundaries of the given periods and their duration. Also, the paper reports complete sets of radiocarbon dates: 61 dates have been obtained from the materials of the settlement of Kamennyi Ambar, while 19 measurements originate from the Kamennyi Ambar-5 cemetery. Correlation of the radiocarbon dates and development of the Bayesian chronological models have demonstrated the contemporaneousness of the settlement and the cemetery with a slightly later beginning of the activity at the latter. This observation is in agreement with the concept of the genetic link between the sites and, arguably, can be extended onto other pairs of fortified settlements — kurgan cemetery attributed to the Sintashta-Petrovka period. Our conclusion is also consistent with the concept of building the complex of monuments by a newly-arrived population, who founded a settlement, and occupied the new territory for some time, while the first deaths occurred sometime afterward. That said, the settlement of Kamennyi Ambar existed for no longer than a century in the 1950s — 1860s BC, while the cemetery of Kamennyi Ambar-5 was used for 70–80 years within the same chronological interval.

Нашим коллективом была проделана работа по уточнению границ и относительной хронологии поселения позднего бронзового века Куйсак I (Победа) находящегося в непосредственной близости от укрепленного поселения Куйсак (Кизильский район Челябинской обл.). А именно, было проведено систематическое исследование территории в 14.6 га с применением следующих методов: сбор подъемного материала, создание крупномасштабной цифровой модели рельефа (ЦМР) с помощью тахеометра, исследование культурного слоя с помощью 10 шурфов (1*1 м) и 36 зондажей (0.4*0.4 м), геохимический анализ 4 опорных почвоведческих разрезов и 94 почвоведческих кернов. Результатами вышеупомянутых исследований стали четкое понимание границ и хронологии неукрепленного поселения Куйсак I, а также современного микрорельефа исследуемой площадки. Помимо прочего, полученные данные не позволяют подтвердить тезис о том, что Куйсак I был спутником ук. пос. Куйсак в синташтинско-петровский период.

The new monograph, which continues a series of publications on the study of archaeological sites near Stepnoye village (Plast district of Chelyabinsk region, Russia), introduces materials from both old excavations and the results of recent field seasons into scientifi c circulation. The second chapter presents the results of scientifi c
analyses of settlement materials, which signifi cantly complement the picture of the economy and life of the Sintashta population.

This research aims to contribute to our knowledge of the chronology of the main cultural entities of the Bronze Age in the Southern Urals. The objectives of this work include the verification of earlier conclusions regarding individual sites, expanding the date series for the key cultures with reliable dates, and creating reference series for the Bayesian modeling of key archaeological sites. Thirty-two samples were selected from reliable contexts. They reflect seven different cultural traditions of the 2nd millennium calBC (Sintashta, Srubnaya, Alakul, Fedorovka, Cherkaskul, Final Bronze Age1, Transition to Early Iron Age2). Collagen (human and domestic animal bones), charcoal, and wood samples were used for radiocarbon dating. Pairs of different-type samples (human bone – animal bone, animal bone – charcoal) were obtained for the same undisturbed burial and the building floor at the time of its abandonment. The data and the composition of δ15N and δ13C isotopes allow the new dates...

This research aims to contribute to our knowledge of the chronology of the main cultural entities of the Bronze Age in the Southern Urals. The objectives of this work include the verification of earlier conclusions regarding individual sites, expanding the date series for the key cultures with reliable dates, and creating reference series for the Bayesian modeling of key archaeological sites. Thirty-two samples were selected from reliable contexts. They reflect seven different cultural traditions of the 2nd millennium calBC (Sintashta, Srubnaya, Alakul, Fedorovka, Cherkaskul, Final Bronze Age 1 , Transition to Early Iron Age 2). Collagen (human and domestic animal bones), charcoal, and wood samples were used for radiocarbon dating. Pairs of different-type samples (human boneanimal bone, animal bonecharcoal) were obtained for the same undisturbed burial and the building floor at the time of its abandonment. The data and the composition of δ 15 N and δ 13 C isotopes allow the new dates to be considered reliable. Furthermore, the new results do not conflict with the previously obtained accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dates. Determining boundary intervals for the main cultures of the Andronovo cultural community (Alakul and Fedorovka) resulted in statistically reliable conclusions on their relationship. The Alakul culture appeared earlier than the Fedorovka culture. The latter has a migratory origin in the Southern Urals. The two traditions have a long history of interaction, but the Alakul culture ending earlier. The series of dates for the Final Bronze Age, divided into two sub-periods, has been significantly expanded. Bayesian modeling of the chronology of the stratified settlement Sintashta II (Levoberezhnoe) made it possible to determine the intervals of the main phases of its history: 2004-1852 calBC (Sintashta culture) and 1410-1170 calBC (Final Bronze Age). Intermediate Cherkaskul phase is represented by a single date (1731-1541 cal BC).

The paper is devoted to the study results of kurgan Halvay 5, which is located on the left bank of the Tobol branch of the Karatomar Reservoir (Northern Kazakhstan, Kostanay Region) 7 km to the north-east of Halvay and 500 m to the north-east of the Sintashta kurgan Halvay 3. The diameter of the kurgan is 30 m with a moat, the height is 0,8 m. Five burials were recorded under the embankment of the kurgan. All the primary burials of the kurgan Halvay 5 belong to the XXI century BC to Sintashta culture. All the main burials of the kurgan Halvay 5 were robbed in antiquity. The moat after the burial of the deceased (at least at the time of the robbery of the pits) was not filled up for a while. Funerary chambers have an overlapping of boards and logs, their walls are lined with bark and grass, the bottom is also covered with grass and bark. In the course of the study, the following analyses were performed: anthropological, paleozoological, paleobotanical, dendrochronological, X-ray fluo...

This paper reports on the recent discovery in western Xinjiang of three Late Bronze Age walled sites located on high hilltops, with a fourth on a terrace above a river bed. The hilltop sites contain very small clusters of residential structures and overlook one of the richest areas of seasonal pasture in the upper Bortala Valley, in the western Tian Shan. The walls do not fully encircle the residential structures but protect the most vulnerable points of access to the hilltops, and in particular protect against direct access from the pastures. The discovery of these walled sites in the western Tian Shan is surprising and significant in terms of regional patterns of increased social complexity in the Eurasian Late Bronze Age. It is suggested that the walled hilltop sites were lookout posts, with a small garrison of herders prepared to defend the area in the event of attack by rival pastoralist groups, and that in the Late Bronze Age the Upper Bortala Valley was home to a number of pastoralist groups who contested access to the best pastures.

European Bronze Age societies are generally characterised by increased mobility and the application of isotopic methods to archaeology has allowed the rate and range of human travels to be quantified. However, little is known about the mobility of the people inhabiting East-Central Europe in the late Early and Middle Bronze Age (1950–1250 BC) whose primary subsistence strategy was herding supported by crop cultivation. This paper presents the results of strontium (87Sr/86Sr) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope analyses in the enamel of people buried in collective graves at the cemeteries in Gustorzyn and Żerniki Go´rne. These
sites are located in Kujawy and the Nida Basin, a lowland and an upland region with clearly different environmental conditions, respectively. Both sites are classified as belonging to the Trzciniec cultural circle and were used between 16th and 13th centuries BC. Among the 34 examined individuals only an adult female from Gustorzyn can be assessed as non-local based on both 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O signatures in her first molar. This may indicate the practice of exogamy in the studied population but more generally corresponds with the hypothesis of limited mobility within these societies, as has previously been inferred from
archaeological evidence, anthropological analysis, and stable isotope-based diet reconstruction. New and existing data evaluated in this paper show that the 87Sr/86Sr variability in the natural environment of both regions is relatively high, allowing the tracking of shortrange human mobility. A series of oxygen isotope analyses (conducted for all but one individuals studied with strontium isotopes) indicates that δ18O ratios measured in phosphate are in agreement with the predicted modern oxygen isotope precipitation values, and that this method is useful in detecting travels over larger distances. The challenges of using both
87Sr/86Sr and δ18O isotopic systems in provenance studies in the glacial landscapes of temperate Europe are also discussed.

Семененко А.А. Проблема соблюдения стандартов просветительско-образовательной и научно-реконструкторской деятельности учреждениями науки и культуры (на примере заповедника «Аркаим») // Традиционная и инновационная педагогика в современной системе образования и воспитания: материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции (АНО ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки», 23 ноября 2022 г., г. Воронеж) / ред. колл.: Т.Ю. Хабарова, Н.С. Махина, Д.Н. Припутневич, М.Н. Гребенникова. — Воронеж: Воронежский государственный педагогический университет, 2022. — С. 379–381.

Семененко А.А. Псевдонаука и фальсификация под видом просветительско-образовательной деятельности (о фильме «Аркаим. Колесница времени») // Традиционная и инновационная педагогика в современной системе образования и воспитания: материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции (АНО ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки», 23 ноября 2022 г., г. Воронеж) / ред. колл.: Т.Ю. Хабарова, Н.С. Махина, Д.Н. Припутневич, М.Н. Гребенникова. — Воронеж: Воронежский государственный педагогический университет, 2022. — С. 375–378.

Семененко А.А. Проблема соблюдения стандартов просветительско-образовательной и научно-реконструкторской деятельности учреждениями науки и культуры (на примере заповедника «Аркаим») // Традиционная и инновационная педагогика в современной системе образования и воспитания: материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции (АНО ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки», 23 ноября 2022 г., г. Воронеж) / ред. колл.: Т.Ю. Хабарова, Н.С. Махина, Д.Н. Припутневич, М.Н. Гребенникова. — Воронеж: Воронежский государственный педагогический университет, 2022. — С. 379–381.

Семененко А.А. Псевдонаука и фальсификация под видом просветительско-образовательной деятельности (о фильме «Аркаим. Колесница времени») // Традиционная и инновационная педагогика в современной системе образования и воспитания: материалы Всероссийской научно-практической конференции (АНО ДПО «Институт повышения квалификации и профессиональной переподготовки», 23 ноября 2022 г., г. Воронеж) / ред. колл.: Т.Ю. Хабарова, Н.С. Махина, Д.Н. Припутневич, М.Н. Гребенникова. — Воронеж: Воронежский государственный педагогический университет, 2022. — С. 375–378.

Вводятся в научный оборот краниологические материалы эпохи бронзы из Синташтинского комплекса памятников, хранящиеся в Кабинете антропологии Томского госуниверситета. Фрагменты мозговых коробок двух взрослых индивидов происходят из погребальной камеры Большого Синташтинского кургана, культурно-хронологическая принадлежность которого в настоящее время не может быть определена. Два реставрированных женских черепа происходят из погребений 2 и 3 могильника СМ Синташтинского комплекса, и пригодны для использования в изучении антропологического состава населения синташтинской культуры.

In the vicinity of Site Dobroe on the right bank of the Voronezh River it was discovered an accumulation of the Neolithic monuments, on the three of which the Early Neolithic pottery of the Srednedonskaya culture of the VI millennium BC was received. At the Site Dobroe 9, a homogeneous lithological layer was revealed, containing only the materials of this culture: pottery, bones, stone products. At the moment, 99 sq.m. of the site were researched by the excavations. The date of the pottery collection of the site was established as the last quarter of the VI millennium BC. In author’s opinion the given ceramics has the transitional character from the early Srednedonskaya culture phase, featuring ceramics decorated mainly with triangular pins, to the late phase of this culture, where the comb imprint decoration becomes widespread. The use of geochemical methods allowed the authors to reconstruct the features of the paleoclimate. During the existence of the representatives of the Sredn...