Social Scineces

O artigo discute a contribuição de Carole Pateman para a teoria política democrática. A crítica ao instrumento liberal do contrato, presente desde suas primeiras obras, permite entender como relações de subordinação, que reduzem a possibilidade de autonomia dos agentes, transitam de maneira voluntária e consentida. Isso leva Pateman a analisar como a subordinação das mulheres organiza uma ordem política liberal que, no entanto, busca se apresentar como neutra em relação a gênero. Uma análise do enfrentamento de Pateman com seus críticos possibilita observar os limites de sua empreitada teórica, assim como a radicalidade de seu projeto democrático.

Palavras-chave : Teoria democrática; Feminismo; Contrato; Consentimento; Carole Pateman.

Violence is a very common trend of a third world country like Bangladesh. Among all other violence domestic violence is the most common and familiar in this country. Apparently, in most of the case the main victims of DV are women.

Socio-economic situation plays a big role and due to socio-economic condition, many women are suffering in Bangladesh. Domestic violence can be defined as violence that accomplished by a man over a woman in the course of leading a domestic life. DV in Bangladesh is not a rare phenomenon but phenomenal prevalence. Women are suffering in various ways like physically tortured, sexually assaulted, psychologically injured and mentally humiliated in their homes by their husband or other members of the family. Domestic violence is experienced in all over the country considered as a Serious Social problem. It is seen that it exists all social classes, cultures, social status and ethnic background victims of domestic violence are mostly found to be wives who are economically disadvantaged. Most of the women experience domestic violence by an intimate partner or family member in her lifetime. Acid attack, dowry deaths is a very common phenomenon in the Bangladeshi household.

This study aims to discuss the various type of DV in Bangladesh and its trend and the cause of domestic violence. Throughout the study it seems that DV almost unavoidable in this country and it is a reproduction of a woman’s outranked position in society originating from hegemonic male-controlled values and customs.

Keywords:
Domestic violence, Women, Impact, Legal aspects, Sociocultural,
Bangladesh.

Pakistan is a developing society. The main focus of policy makers, educationalists and parents is on the study of vocational subjects. Pakistani society as a whole has neglected the importance of the study of social sciences. The history of the world is testament to the fact that the modern world was shaped with the helps of theories developed by social scientists. The principles of democracy, economy, philosophy etc were thoughts of social scientists who observed their respective societies and presented solutions to them based upon the socio political conditions. The development of Pakistan can be made possible through giving required value to the study of Social Sciences.

Autor: Josué Pereira da Silva

O artigo visa a discutir as possibilidades de uma sociologia crítica capaz de lidar com as demandas do presente. Com base no conceito norteador de reformas revolucionárias de André Gorz, analiso algumas proposições social-teóricas. Minhas referências são as teorias de Axel Honneth, Nancy Fraser, Alain Caillé e Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Empreendo minha análise com base em três ideias que permitem vislumbrar nessas teorias um núcleo comum: a busca de uma abordagem intersubjetivista; a ênfase normativa na necessidade de buscarmos caminhos que nos permitam viver juntos, sem ignorar nossas diferenças; e a busca política de um caminho que nos guie na busca de mudanças sociais que evitem extremismos de direita e de esquerda. Isso possibilitou delinear os traços principais de uma sociologia crítica adequada aos desafios do presente e realçar as contribuições desses teóricos à sociologia crítica.

Palavras-chave : Reformas revolucionárias; Axel Honneth; Nancy Fraser; Alain Caillé; Boaventura de Sousa Santos.

Bazı rivâyetlerde hapşırığın övülerek Allah’a nispet edilmesi, esnemenin yerilerek şeytana nispet edilmesi insanî fıtrî bir ihtiyaç olan hapşırmanın vücuda faydalı, esnemenin zararlı olarak anlaşılmasına sebebiyet vermektedir. Tarih boyunca çeşitli itikat ve kültürlerde uğursuzluk, ölüm, müjde gibi birçok farklı alâmetle bağdaştırılan hapşırma ve esnemenin rivâyetlerdeki mevcut hali, konunun diğer inanç ve kültürler çizgisinde algılanmasına sebebiyet verebilecek niteliktedir. Bununla birlikte rivâyetlerde hapşırma sonrası yapılan şükür ve karşılıklı dua, İslâmî bir toplum yapısı oluşturmada sünnetin rolünü ve bunun toplumsal hafızayı canlı tutarak bireysellikten öte kolektif bir yapı oluşturan, aynı zamanda toplumda ortak bir işlevi olan ritüellerle ilişkisini gündeme getirmektedir. Makale, Hz. Peygamber’in söz ve uygulamalarında Rahmân ve Şeytan’la bağdaştırılan hapşırma ve esneme eylemlerini bilimsel veriler zemininde ele alarak, bu konuda buyrulan rivâyetlerin tarih boyunca inanılan hurâfelerden farkını açıklamayı hedeflemektedir. Ayrıca makale hapşırma sonrası İslâmî uygulamaların sosyal bilimlerin temel konularından biri olan ritüel kavramıyla olan ilintisini de açıklamaktadır.

Pangan merupakan kebutuhan utama dalam kehidupan manusia. Pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan baik dari segi jumlah, mutu, gizi maupun keamanan berkaitan dengan Sumberdaya Manusia (SDM). Kualitas konsumsi pangan dan gizi masyarakat menentukan SDM masyarakat tersebut. Agroindustri pangan lokal merupakan kegiatan yang memberdayakan sumberdaya lokal (indigenous resources). Seluruh potensi lokal dimanfaatkan untuk menguatkan agroindustri pangan lokal. Penduduk di kawasan wisata Rumah Dome belum mampu mengolah bahan pangan lokal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan membentuk kelompok usaha produktif Ibu-Ibu PKK di Rumah Dome untuk dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomis pangan lokal (ketela pohon). Hal yang dilakukan adalah memberikan pelatihan pengolahan ketela pohon menjadi ceriping singkong berbagai rasa, keripik belut daun singkong, membuat brownies berbahan tepung ketela, mengemas produk dengan brand Rumah Dome dan memberikan pelatihan pembukuan sederhana. Dengan kegiatan ini diharapkan akan tumbuh kelompok usaha produktif sehingga dapat mengangkat citra wisata Rumah Dome dan meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat di Rumah Dome. 

Kata Kunci: kelompok usaha, brownies singkong, Rumah Dome

Food is a major necessity in human life. Food needs are important for human resource (HR) both in terms of quantity and quality. Quality of food consumption and nutrition communities determine the HR community. Local food agroindustry is an activity that empowers local resources (indigenous resources). The whole potential of local food used to strengthen local agroindustry. Residents in the tourist area of Dome House have not been able to process local food. This activity aims to establish productive business of woman group (PKK) in Dome House to increase the economic value of local food (cassava). The activities are training for production process, packaging with Dome House’s brand and simple accounting management. The cassava processing training are: (1) making variety flavors of cassava chips; (2) producing eel chips from cassava leaves and (3) making brownies from cassava flour. These activities are expected to grow productive business groups that can raise the image of Dome House tour and increase the income of Dome House household.

Keywords: Business of Woman Group (PKK), Cassava, Training, Dome House, Local Food Agroindustry

Tax payers money are been used every day in Ghana to establish public sector organizations. This is why the management of public sector organizations is important in sustainable development. The main objective of this study was to examine the factors leading to the collapse of Metro Mass Transit in Ghana. The study revealed literature on transportation, the role of the state in public transportation, the nature of Metro Mass Transit operations, management practice of Metro Mass Transit and challenges of the public transport system. The study purposively sampled sixty (60) respondents which comprises of 30 workers of Metro Mass Transit (10 Professional Drivers, 10 Senior Management Staff and 10 Junior Staff) and 30 passengers (comprising of 15 passengers from Metro Mass Transit, 5 passengers of OA Transport, 5 passengers of VIP Transport and 5 passengers from VISION Transport). The major findings of the study revealed that Metro Mass Transit offers scheduled trips on intercity and intra city route but does not offer quality transport services as private transport like OA, VIP and VISION does in Accra. The study also found out that passengers prefer private transport more to Metro Mass Transit because the workers have good communication

Time has always been the essence of life as the very survival of the humankind is linked to its minutes and seconds, more so in this modern era. The emphatic shift of success in life to material well-being has unequivocally placed the onus on man for an efficient management of time to achieve the same. Be that as it may, time is the only resource that life has bestowed upon all men in equal measure, which no power on earth can deprive them of their un-usurpable share of it. But ironically, the way men manage their time, in the main, brings about the inequality among them, and by extension, among the nations that they inhabit. If the threshold of patience can be defined as the time lag between the occurrence and anticipation of an event that makes the expectant person impatient, the same can be taken as a measure of the value he attaches for time, which is but the means of his material well-being. The findings of a survey in the economically advanced nations of the West and Japan, way back that is, about the thresholds of patience of their peoples seemingly establish a link between the time sense and the productive quotient. The survey covered such daily chores as waiting for buses, trains, lifts and like public utility services besides professional catering in restaurants and such. And the average thresholds of patience over 'perceived' delays in each category among these peoples were found to be at variance with each others'-the Japanese exhibited lower threshold of patience in each category under the survey, even compared to the methodical Germans and the diligent Americans. That the average productivity in these nations was in the same order at that time is a pointer to higher sense of time occasioning lower threshold of patience; and that goes to prove that these peoples place a premium on the value of time, and hence their higher grade of impatience over what in general reckoning seem to be marginal delays that even their advanced technologies can't help avert. It is as well that it is this time sense that makes the adherence to time schedules possible in these countries, and that held the key to their continuing preeminence among the comity of nations.

Extremism is actions considered to be far outside the mainstream attitudes of people which violate common moral standards. Extremism can take many forms, including political, ethnic and religious. Throughout history people have practiced violence in the name of religion. To find out the part played by clerics in promoting religious extremism through information communication technology, data was collected from a sample of 50 respondents selected by convenient sampling using a semi-structured questionnaire. The locale was Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. The research was conducted over a period of one month. The findings of the study revealed that clerics provoking sectarianism and extremism are directly associated. Religious extremism supported by clerics was also significantly associated with obstacles being created in the way of women’s education. Thus over all, the religious clerics have been found to be the major root cause of terrorism.

Pangan merupakan kebutuhan utama dalam kehidupan manusia. Pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan baik dari segi jumlah, mutu, gizi maupun keamanan berkaitan dengan Sumberdaya Manusia (SDM). Kualitas konsumsi pangan dan gizi masyarakat menentukan SDM masyarakat tersebut. Agroindustri pangan lokal merupakan kegiatan yang memberdayakan sumberdaya lokal (indigenous resources). Seluruh potensi lokal dimanfaatkan untuk menguatkan agroindustri pangan lokal. Penduduk di kawasan wisata Rumah Dome belum mampu mengolah bahan pangan lokal. Kegiatan ini bertujuan membentuk kelompok usaha produktif Ibu-Ibu PKK di Rumah Dome untuk dapat meningkatkan nilai ekonomis pangan lokal (ketela pohon). Hal yang dilakukan adalah memberikan pelatihan pengolahan ketela pohon menjadi ceriping singkong berbagai rasa, keripik belut daun singkong, membuat brownies berbahan tepung ketela, mengemas produk dengan brand Rumah Dome dan memberikan pelatihan pembukuan sederhana. Dengan kegiatan ini diharapkan akan tumbuh kelompok us...

O artigo visa a discutir as possibilidades de uma sociologia crítica capaz de lidar com as demandas do presente. Com base no conceito norteador de reformas revolucionárias de André Gorz, analiso algumas proposições social-teóricas. Minhas referências são as teorias de Axel Honneth, Nancy Fraser, Alain Caillé e Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Empreendo minha análise com base em três ideias que permitem vislumbrar nessas teorias um núcleo comum: a busca de uma abordagem intersubjetivista; a ênfase normativa na necessidade de buscarmos caminhos que nos permitam viver juntos, sem ignorar nossas diferenças; e a busca política de um caminho que nos guie na busca de mudanças sociais que evitem extremismos de direita e de esquerda. Isso possibilitou delinear os traços principais de uma sociologia crítica adequada aos desafios do presente e realçar as contribuições desses teóricos à sociologia crítica.