Air Composition
Air Composition
Air Composition
Dry air is a mechanical mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and more
Sponsored Links Air is a mixture of gases - 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen - with traces of water vapor, carbon dioxide, argon, and various other components. Air is usually modeled as a uniform (no variation or fluctuation) gas with properties averaged from the individual components. Ratio compared to Dry Molecular Boiling Point Air (%) Mass Chemical Gas -MSymbol By volume By weight (K) (oC) (kg/kmol) Oxygen 20.95 23.20 32.00 O2 90.2 -182.95 Nitrogen 78.09 75.47 28.02 N2 77.4 -195.79 Carbon 0.03 0.046 44.01 CO2 194.7 -78.5 Dioxide Hydrogen 0.00005 ~0 2.02 H2 20.3 -252.87 Argon 0.933 1.28 39.94 Ar 84.2 -186 Neon 0.0018 0.0012 20.18 Ne 27.2 -246 Helium 0.0005 0.00007 4.00 He 4.2 -269 Krypton 0.0001 0.0003 83.8 Kr 119.8 -153.4 Xenon 9 10-6 0.00004 131.29 Xe 165.1 -108.1
The water or vapor content in air varies. The maximum moisture carrying capacity of air depends primarily on temperature The composition of air is unchanged until elevation of approximately 10.000 m The average air temperature diminishes at the rate of 0.6oC for each 100 m vertical height "One Standard Atmosphere" is defined as the pressure equivalent to that exerted by a 760 mm column of mercury at 0oC sea level and at standard gravity (32.174 ft/sec2)
Sulfur dioxide - SO2 - 1.0 parts/million (ppm) Methane - CH4 - 2.0 parts/million (ppm) Nitrous oxide - N2O - 0.5 parts/million (ppm) Ozone - O3 - 0 to 0.07 parts/million (ppm) Nitrogen dioxide - NO2 - 0.02 parts/million (ppm)
Iodine - I2 - 0.01 parts/million (ppm) Carbon monoxide - CO - 0 to trace (ppm) Ammonia - NH3 - 0 to trace (ppm)
76 Centimeters (760 mm) of Mercury 29.921 Inches of Mercury 10.332 Meters of Water 406.78 Inches of Water 33.899 Feet of Water 14.696 Pound-Force per Square Inch 2116.2 Pounds-Force per Square Foot 1.033 Kilograms-Force per Square Centimeter 101.33 Kilopascal
Density is based on atmospheric pressure 14.696 psia and molecular weight of air 28.97
1)
density - 1 lb/ft3 = 16.018 kg/m3 pressure - 1 psi (lb/in2) = 6,894.8 Pa (N/m2) temperature - T(oC) = 5/9[T(oF) - 32]