Ivan Avramidi, MATH 332: Vector Analysis, Formulas
Ivan Avramidi, MATH 332: Vector Analysis, Formulas
Ivan Avramidi, MATH 332: Vector Analysis, Formulas
i j k
A
1
A
2
A
3
B
1
B
2
B
3
(AB)
i
=
ijk
A
j
B
k
AA = 0
[A, B, C] = A (BC) =
ijk
A
i
B
j
C
k
[A, B, C] = [B, C, A] = [C, A, B]
Line parallel to A:
x
i
= x
(0) i
+ A
i
t
t =
x
i
x
(0) i
A
i
, A
i
= 0
Plane orthogonal to N
N
i
(x
i
x
(0) i
) = 0
Identities:
A(BC) = B(A C) C(A B)
Tensors:
ij
=
ji
ii
= 3
ij
A
j
= A
i
ij
A
i
B
j
= A
i
B
i
= A B
ijk
=
jik
=
ikj
=
kji
ijk
=
jki
=
kij
ijj
=
jij
=
jji
= 0
ijk
ij
=
ijk
ik
=
ijk
jk
= 0
Ivan Avramidi, MATH 332: Vector Analysis, Formulas 2
ijk
A
j
A
k
=
ijk
A
i
A
k
=
ijk
A
i
A
j
= 0
i
j
=
j
i
=
ij
=
ij
ijk
=
ijk
ijk
mnl
=
m
i
n
j
l
k
+
m
j
n
k
l
i
+
m
k
n
i
l
j
m
i
n
k
l
j
m
j
n
i
l
k
m
k
n
j
l
i
ijk
mnk
=
m
i
n
j
m
j
n
i
ijk
mjk
= 2
m
i
ijk
ijk
= 6
Vector Functions
Position
R = x
i
e
i
= xi + yj + zk
Velocity
v =
dR
dt
Acceleration
a =
dv
dt
=
d
2
R
dt
2
Arc Length
ds = |v|dt
s(t) =
t
t
0
|v()| d
Speed
|v| =
ds
dt
Tangent
T =
v
|v|
Curvature
k =
1
|v|
dT
dt
=
|v a|
|v|
3
Radius of curvature
=
1
k
Principal Normal
N =
1
k|v|
dT
dt
Binormal
B = TN
Torsion
=
1
|v|
B
dN
dt
Scalar and Vector Fields
Partial derivatives
i
=
x
i
1
=
x
,
2
=
y
,
3
=
z
Nabla (Del) Operator
= e
i
i
= i
x
+j
y
+k
z
Gradient
grad f = f = e
i
i
f
i
f =
i
f
Directional derivative
df
ds
=
dR
ds
gradf =
dx
i
ds
i
f
Flow curves
dx
i
ds
= F
i
Ivan Avramidi, MATH 332: Vector Analysis, Formulas 3
ds =
dx
i
F
i
Divergence
div F = F =
i
F
i
Curl
curl F = F =
ijk
j
F
k
e
i
=
i j k
x
y
z
F
1
F
2
F
3
(curl F)
i
=
ijk
j
F
k
Laplacian
=
2
= =
i
i
=
2
x
+
2
y
+
2
z
Vector identities:
= 0, curl grad = 0
(F) = 0, div curl = 0
(fg) = (f)g + f(g)
(fF) = (f) F + fF
(fF) = (f) F + f(F)
f() =
df
d
R = 3
R = 0
(F )R = F
Cylindrical Coordinates:
ds
2
= d
2
+
2
d
2
+ dz
2
dV = d d dz
f =
+e
+e
z
f
F =
1
(F
) +
1
+
z
F
z
F =
1
e
z
z
F
F
z
f =
1
f) +
1
f +
2
z
f
Spherical Coordinates
ds
2
= dr
2
+ r
2
d
2
+ r
2
sin
2
d
2
dV = r
2
sin dr dd
f =
e
r
r
+e
1
r
+e
1
r sin
f
F =
1
r
2
r
(r
2
F
r
) +
1
r sin
(sin F
)
+
1
r sin
F =
1
r
2
sin
e
r
re
r sin , e
F
r
rF
r sin F
f =
1
r
2
r
(r
2
r
f) +
1
r
2
sin
(sin
f)
+
1
r
2
sin
2
f
Line, Surface and Volume Integrals
Line Integrals
C
F dR =
b
a
F(x(t), y(t), z(t))
dR
dt
dt
=
b
a
F
i
dx
i
dt
dt
Potentials
F = (x, y, z) =
(x,y,z)
(x
0
,y
0
,z
0
)
F dR
Ivan Avramidi, MATH 332: Vector Analysis, Formulas 4
Q
P
d R = (Q) (P)
F = G G(x, y, z) =
1
0
F(tx, ty, tz) Rt dt
Unit Normal:
to a surface R = R(u, v)
n =
u
R
v
R
|
u
R
v
R|
to a surface f(x, y, z) = C
n =
f
|f|
Surface Element
dS =
u
R
v
R dudv
d S = |
u
R
v
R| dudv
For a surface given by
z = f(x, y), a x b, y
1
(x) y y
2
(x)
dS =
1 + (
x
f)
2
+ (
y
f)
2
dy dx =
dxdy
| cos |
Flux through S
S
F dS =
S
F n d S
=
b
a
y
2
(x)
y
1
(x)
F n
1 + (
x
f)
2
+ (
y
f)
2
dy dx
Divergence Theorem
D
FdV =
S
F dS
Greens Theorem
C
(F
1
dx + F
2
dy) =
D
(
x
F
2
y
F
1
)dxdy
Stokes Theorem
D
( F) dS =
C
F d R