Multivariable Calculus, 2007-10-26. Per-Sverre Svendsen, Tel.035 - 167 615/0709 - 398 526

Multivariable calculus, 2007-10-26.
Per-Sverre Svendsen, Tel.035 - 167 615/0709 - 398 526.

Minimum requirements: Grade 5: 27p, 4: 21p, 3: 15p.
You are allowed to use one unmarked, ordinary (non-mathematical) dictionary of your choice.
No additional material is allowed.
1. Find an equation of the plane tangent to the surface e2x+yz z = 0 at the point (0, 0, 1).
2. Find the following limit or show that it does not exist
lim
(x,y)(0,0) 3x2
sin(x2 + y 2 )
.
+ 3y 2 + x3 y 3
(2p)
(2p)
3. Find a point P = (a, b) such that the directional derivatives of f (x, y) = x2 + yx at (a, b)
are fu0 (a, b) = 8 and fv0 (a, b) = 2 in the directions u = (1, 0) and v = (3, 4), respectively.
(2p)
4. The equation
x + y 2 + z + sin(xz) = 2 implicitly defines a function z = f (x, y)
for which f (1, 1) = 0. Calculate fx (1, 1) and fy (1, 1).
(3p)
ZZ
2x + y
dx dy , D = {(x, y) R2 | 1 2x + y 2, 0 x 2y 1}.
(x 2y)2 + 1
5. Calculate
(3p)
ZZ
6. Calculate
x dS, where the surface S is given by

S
S : r = (x, y, z) = (x, y,
2x2 + 2y 2 ), x 1, x y x.
(3p)
7. Find the (absolute) minimum and maximum values of f (x, y) = 2x2 + y 2 2xy 2y
on the set = {(x, y) R2 | x2 y 4, x 0}.
8. Find the (absolute) minimum and maximum values of f (x, y, z) = z
subject to the constraints x2 + 2y 2 = 6 and x + y + z = 1.
ZZZ
9. Calculate
K
z 2 dx dy dz , K = {(x, y, z) R3 | x2 + y 2 + z 2 2 , x2 + y 2 1} .
(5p)
(5p)
(5p)
Reference formulas and equations in Multivariable Calculus
Trigonometry and Logarithms

xy
xy
cos
2
2
x+y
xy
cos x cos y = 2 sin
sin
2
2
x+y
xy
cos x + cos y = 2 cos
cos
2
2
sin(x y) = sin x cos y cos x sin y
sin x sin y = 2 sin
cos(x y) = cos x cos y sin x sin y

tan x tan y
1 tan x tan y
cot x cot y 1
cot (x y) =
cot x + cot y
tan (x y) =
2 sin x sin y = cos(x y) cos(x + y)

2 cos x cos y = cos(x y) + cos(x + y)
sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x
cos 2x = cos2 x sin2 x = 2 cos2 x 1 = 1 2 sin2 x 2 sin x cos y = sin(x y) + sin(x + y)

ln x + ln y = ln xy
ln x ln y = ln
ln xa = a ln x
(x, y > 0)
x
y
Standard limits
lim x loga x = 0 (a > 1, > 0)
x0+
sin x
=1
x
ln(1 + x)
lim
=1
x0
x
x
e 1
lim
=1
x0
x
lim
x0
ax
= (a > 1)
x x
x
lim
= (a > 1, > 0)
x loga x
an
lim
=0
n n!
lim
Basic derivatives
f (x)
f 0 (x)
xa
axa1
ax
ax ln a
ln |x|
1
x
sin x
cos x
cos x
sin x
tan x
1 + tan2 x =
arccos x
arctan x

p

ln x + x2 +
1
2x
x2 + +
1
1 x2
1
1 x2
1
1 + x2
1
x2 +
p
x2 +
arcsin x
ln x + x2 +
1
cos2 x
Taylor Series
Taylors formula for a function f : R R
f (a + h) = f (a) + f 0 (a) h +
X
f 00 (a) 2
f (n) (a) n
h + =
h
2
n!
n=0
Table of particular expansions (a = 0, h x)

1.
X
1
=
xk = 1 + x + x2 + x3 + (1 < x < 1)
1x
k=0
2. (x + 1) = 1 + x +
3. ex =
( 1)( 2) 3
( 1) 2
x +
x + (1 < x < 1)
2
23
X
1
1
1 k
x = 1 + x + x2 + x3 +
k!
2
6
k=0
4. sin x =
X
1
1 5
(1)k+1 2k1
x
= x x3 +
x
(2k 1)!
6
120
k=1
5. cos x =
X
1
1
(1)k 2k
x = 1 x2 + x4
(2k)!
2
24
k=0
6. ln(x + 1) =
X
1
1
(1)k+1 k
x = x x2 + x3 (1 < x 1)
k
2
3
k=1
7. arctan x =
X
k=1
1
1
(1)k+1 2k1
x
= x x3 + x5 (1 x 1)
(2k 1)
3
5
Taylors formula for a function f : R2 R

1 2
f (a + h, b + k) = f (a, b) + h fx (a, b) + kfy (a, b) +
h fxx (a, b) + 2hkfxy (a, b) + k 2 fyy (a, b) + =
2
X
1
n
h
+k
f (x, y)(a,b)
n!
x
y
n=0
Tangent plane
Function z = f (x, y)
Equation of tangent plane through the point (a, b, f (a, b))
z = f (a, b) + fx (a, b)(x a) + fy (a, b)(y b)
Level surface F (x, y, z) = C
Equation of tangent plane through the point (a, b, c)
Fx (a, b, c)(x a) + Fy (a, b, c)(y b) + Fz (a, b, c)(z c) = 0
Directional derivative
The directional derivative of a function f : R3 R at the point (a, b, c) and direction u (|u| = 1)
Du f (a, b, c) = fu0 (a, b, c) = u f (a, b, c) = u (fx (a, b, c), fy (a, b, c), fz (a, b, c)).
Double Integrals
General substitution
Assume a one-to-one mapping between a region D in the xy-plane and a region Duv in the uv-plane
x = x(u, v)
u = u(x, y)
v = v(x, y)
y = y(u, v)
ZZ
Then
ZZ
f (x, y) dxdy =
with
(x, y)

f (x(u, v), y(u, v))
dudv,
(u, v)
Duv

xv
6= 0.

yv

xu
(x, y)

=

(u, v)
yu
Polar coordinates
x = r cos
r sin
(x, y)
= r,
(r, )
ZZ
ZZ
f (x, y) dxdy =
f (r cos , r sin ) rdr d

Dr
Triple Integrals
General substitution
As above assume a one-to-one mapping between points (x, y, z) in and (u, v, w) in uvw .
ZZ
ZZ
(x, y, z)

f (x, y, z) dxdydz =
f (x(u, v, w), y(u, v, w), z(u, v, w))
dudvdw,
(u, v, w)
with
uvw
(x, y, z)
6= 0
(u, v, w)
Spherical coordinates
x = sin cos
y = sin sin
z =
cos
(x, y, z)
= 2 sin
(, , )
ZZZ
ZZZ
f (x, y, z) dxdydz =
f ( sin cos , sin sin , cos ) 2 sin d d d
Line Integrals
Line integral with respect to arc length
Given a parametrized curve C : r(t) = (x(t), y(t), z(t)), a t b and a function f : R3 R.
Zb
f (x(t), y(t), z(t))
f (x, y, z) ds =
C
(x0 (t))2 + (y 0 (t))2 + (z 0 (t))2 dt, (ds = d|r|)
Surface Integrals
General parametrized surface
S : r = r(u, v) = (x(u, v), y(u, v), z(u, v)), (u, v) D.
ZZ
ZZ
r
r

f (x, y, z) dS =
f (r(u, v))
dudv
u v
S
Function graph z = h(x, y)

S : r = (x, y, z) = (x, y, h(x, y)), (x, y) Sxy .
ZZ
ZZ
q
f (x, y, z) dS =
f (x, y, h(x, y)) 1 + h2x + h2y dxdy
S
Sxy

Multivariable Calculus, 2007-10-26. Per-Sverre Svendsen, Tel.035 - 167 615/0709 - 398 526

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Multivariable Calculus, 2007-10-26. Per-Sverre Svendsen, Tel.035 - 167 615/0709 - 398 526

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Multivariable calculus, 2007-10-26.

Per-Sverre Svendsen, Tel.035 - 167 615/0709 - 398 526.

x dS, where the surface S is given by

Reference formulas and equations in Multivariable Calculus

Trigonometry and Logarithms

sin(x y) = sin x cos y cos x sin y

sin x sin y = 2 sin

cos(x y) = cos x cos y sin x sin y

2 sin x sin y = cos(x y) cos(x + y)

sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x

cos 2x = cos2 x sin2 x = 2 cos2 x 1 = 1 2 sin2 x 2 sin x cos y = sin(x y) + sin(x + y)

Table of particular expansions (a = 0, h x)

Taylors formula for a function f : R2 R

f (r cos , r sin ) rdr d

f (x(t), y(t), z(t))

(x0 (t))2 + (y 0 (t))2 + (z 0 (t))2 dt, (ds = d|r|)

Function graph z = h(x, y)

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