CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED

ECOSYSTEM

LEARNING AREA : ENDANGERED ECOSYSTEM

Question 1 : GUIDED QUESTION PAPER 3
A group of student set up an experiment to study the water pollution level in three water
samples.The materials have been used as shown in Figure 1. The time taken for the
methylene blue solution to turn colorless is shown in Table 1.
Water

Time taken for discoloration

sample
X
Y
Z

(minutes)
60
45
120
Table 1

Figure 1
a. What is the meaning of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)?(1m)
_____________________________________________________
b. Based on the result in Table 1, what conclusion can you draw about
i.

the concentration of dissolved oxygen in samples Y and Z?(1m)

_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________

ii.

the pollution levels of samples Y and Z?(1m)

______________________________________________
______________________________________________

c. Based on the result given, explain why the rate of discoloration is higher in
sample Y.(2m)
________________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

________________________________________________________________
d. Give two precautions which should be taken in this experiment.(2m)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
e. Based on Figure 1, state the following variables
i.

(3m)

manipulated : _____________________________________________________

ii. responding : _____________________________________________________

iii.

constant
___________________________________________________

f. State the hypothesis for the experiment.(3m)

_________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 2
Figure 2 below shows a phenomenon on the earth in which changes in layer P of the
atmosphere take place.

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

Figure 2
a. i. State layer P.(1m)
________________________________________________________________
ii. State the human activity that can cause an increase in the thickness of layer P.
(1m)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
b.i. Identify the phenomenon shown in Figure 2. (1m)
________________________________________________________________
iv.

State two problems related to the phenomenon described.(2m)

a. _______________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________

c. State two steps to reduce the problem encountered because of the thickness
of layer P. (2m)
a. _______________________________________________________
b. _______________________________________________________
QUESTION 3
Figure 3 shows the situation at Y site that is developing.

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

Figure 3
a. Explain the purpose of development.(2m)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
b. State the effects of following to our ecosystem (3m)
i.

Factories: _________________________________________________

ii.

Vehicles: __________________________________________________

iii.

Deforestation: ______________________________________________

c. Predict the effect to ecosystem if there is no proper management of development

activities.(2m)
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

d. If you are the city planner, describe one way how you can develop certain places
very well and at the same time sustain the quality of environment. (2m)

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
e. Explain two steps that can be taken by ourselves to preserve our environment
based on the activities in Figure 3. (2m)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

QUESTION 4
Figure 4 shows the sources of emission of three types of pollutant gases.

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

Figure 4
a. Based on Figure 4 above, state the major source of carbon monoxide, oxides of
nitrogen and sulphur dioxide. (3m)
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
b. Explain the effect of carbon monoxide on human beings. (2m)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
c. Suggest two ways to reduce the emission of sulphur dioxide. (2m)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
d. Both sulphur dioxide and oxides of nitrogen can cause acid rain. Explain how acid
rain is formed. (3m)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

______________________________________________________________
e. What are the effects of acid rain on plants and soil? (4m)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
QUESTION 5
Figure 5 shows the location of ozone layer at stratosphere, at about 20 50 km from the
earth surface.
UV rays
Ozone layer
Stratosphere

Troposphere

Earth

Figure 5
a. i. What is ozone layer? (1m)
__________________________________________________________
ii. State the function of ozone layer. (1m)
__________________________________________________________

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

b. The thinning of ozone layer has been recorded by scientists since the
1970s.
i.

State the main cause of ozone depletion.(1m)

___________________________________________________

ii. How does the cause that you stated in (b) i deplete the ozone layer.
(3m)
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
c. State two effects of ozone depletion. (2m)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
d. Explain two steps to reduce ozone depletion. (2m)
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________

QUESTION 6 : SHORT ESSAY

CHAPTER 8: ENDANGERED
ECOSYSTEM

Diagram below shows a phenomenon which happens in the earths temperature.

SOLAR
RADIATION

Stratosphere

CO2

CO2

CO2
Troposphere

atmosphere

Earth

State the phenomenon and explain the effect of the phenomenon on the
environment if the concentration levels of carbon dioxide are getting higher.
(3marks)

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ECOSYSTEM

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