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11November2014

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ZawMoeKhine

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upplyAirVolume(C...

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PostedbyZawMoeKhineat01:58

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+7 Recommend this on Google

25April2013

DesignSupplyAirTempforPeakLoad
Whenwedesigntheaircon,weneedtospecifieshowmuchthesupplyairvolumeis.Ifweneed
tocalculatethesupplyairvolume,weneedtospecifiessupplyairtemp.So,thispostI'mgoingto
discussaboutdesignsupplyairtemp.

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Mostcommondesignsupplyairtempis13Cto15Cdependentoncoolingsourceandcoolingcoil
configuration.
MypersonaldefaultDesignSupplyAirTempis14Cbecausemostcommoncoildefaultleaving
airtempis12.8C(55F).So,IfIchoosedesignsupplytempis14C,leavingairtempfromcoilwill
bearound12.7Cto13C.

Byright,beforewespecifiesthesupplyairtemp,weneedtospecifiesoperationtempandRH%.
So,typicalcommonsetpointis23+1&50%RH.

ForSingaporeDesignParameter,BasedonSS554,maximumRH%islessthan65onbothPeak&Part
LoadCondition.So,ourPeakLoadconditionshouldbe50%~55%cozifpeakloadisabout60%,part
loadmaybemorethan65%andmaynotcomply.
Justcheckwithsample.
SpaceAreais100m2andCeilingHighis3m.
SensibleHeatLoadis10kWandLatentLoadis1.76kW.
Meaningthatthespacehave85%sensibleheatload&latentheatloadis15%.
So,SHRis0.85(SH/TH).
SpaceOperationTempis24C&RH50%(Lessthan55%)atPeakLoadcondition.
What'sthedesignsupplyairtempandairvolume?
Firststep,drawthelineonPsychrometricchartbyStandardPointandSHR.

So,AsperPsychrometricChart,Ifthespacehave0.85SHRandweneedtogetexactly50%RH,
coolingcoilADPshouldbe11.3C.AndthenSpacedewpointisabout13C,sothatcoolingcoiltemp
shouldbelessthanorequal13Cinordertogetnotmorethan55%RH.
AsIsaidabove,normalcoolingcoilleavingairtempisabout12.8C(55F)andcoolingcoilbypassfactoris
0.1(10%).Theroomoperationtempis24Candthenmixingtempwithfreshairisabout25C.Soback
workwithformula,CoilADP={Ts(TmxBF)}/1BF.
Supplyairtempwillbe14C.So,normallyIdidchooseDesignSupplyAirtempis14C.
LetcheckagainwithDesignSupplyAirTemp14C,howmuchtheRHinthespace.
JustdrawthelinefrompointCoilADP12.8toparallelwiththeline.
(ThelinefromSHRtostandardpoint).

Intersectionpointwith14CDB(SupplyAirTemp)isleavingairtemp
andtheroomoperationtempis24C&54%RHatPeakLoad.
So,theleavingairenthalpyisabout37kJ/kg.
Mostcommonleavingairenthalpyis35~38kJ/kgcozsupplyairtempis13C~15C.
So,TheroomOperationtemp24C&RH54%isacceptable,
Makethesupplyairtempis14C.
Ifsupplyairtempis14Candthespacesensibleloadis10kw,wecancalculatethedesignsupplyair

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volume.
Q=mxcxT
Q=10kw(kJ/s)
c=1.004kJ/kg
T=theroomoperationtempdesignsupplyairtemp(24C14C)
So,m=Q/(cxT).............(kg/s)
m=10/1.004x10=0.996kg/s.
V=mxv
v=HumidVolume(m3/kg)
FromPsychrometricChart,SupplyAirvis0.825m3/kg.
V=mxv=0.996x0.825(m3/s)
V=0.822m/s=2960m3/hr(CMH).
So,Thespacesensibleloadis10kw,SHRis0.85&Supplyairtempis14C,
Supplyairvolumeshouldbe2960cmh.Aftercalculatethesupplyairvolume,
weneedtocheckitthatit'ssufficientaircirculationtomeetminimumaircirculation.
It'scheckedbyminimunMVrequirement.Forofficebuildingtype,minimumaircirculationshouldbe6
ACH.That'smeanAreaxCeilingHighxminiACH=100x3x6=1800cmh.
So,oursupplyairvolume2960cmhismorethanenoughcomparewithminimumcirculation.
Letcheckthecoolingcoilloadfortheroomifmixingairtempis25CandRHis60%byfreshairmakeup.

Drawtheline14CdbforsupplyairtempandthenMixingAirTemp25C&RH60%.
Thecoolingcoilrateis

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Q=mxh
m=0.996kg/s
h=(h2h1)(kJ/kg)
h2=mixingairtempenthalpy55kJ/kg
h1=LeavingAirtempenthalpy37kJ/kg.
Q=mxh=0.996x(5537)=17.93kW.
Summarywillbe
TotalCoolingCoilis18kW.
DesignSupplyAirTempis14C.
DesignSupplyAirVolumeis2960cmh.
Thanks.
ZawMoeKhine.

PostedbyZawMoeKhineat16:59

2comments

+8 Recommend this on Google

Labels:DesignSupplyAirTemp

21January2013

SampleHeatLoadCalculationforGeneral
OfficeMeetingRoom
SampleHeatLoadCalculationforGeneralOfficeMeetingRoom

HeatLoadCalculation
CoolingCapacity(kW),
SupplyAirVolume(CMH),
SupplyFreshAirVolume(CMH),
ChilledWaterFlowRate(l/s)ifCHWSystemisused.

Whenwecalculatetheheatload,
Weneedsomeinformationforspace.
1Locationofspace
(AmbientTempforoutdoorair)
(SingaporeSummerAmbientTemp32.8C/26.1C(DB/WB)
2Room/SpaceDatas&Orientation(FacadeOrientation)
(Area50m2&RoomislocatedatNorthSideofBuilding)
3RoomConstructionMaterials
(SuchasWindowGlass(Uvalue&ScValue),Wall,Partition&Floor.)
4NoofOccupancy&RoomUsage
(20Persons&MeetingRoom)
IInternalHeatGain
iHeatGainfromLighting
(BasedonSS530OfficeLightingPower15W/m2)
LightingLoad=50x15=750W
iiHeatGainfromHuman(20person)
(BasedonASHRAEOfficeHumanSensible75W/person&Latent55W/person)
HumanLoad(S)75x20=1500W,(L)55x20=1100W
iiiElectricalEquipmentsLoad(GeneralOffice25W/m2)
Laptop55Wx20&Projector300W.
ElectricalEquipmentsLoad=30x50=1500W
IIExternalHeatGain

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iHeatGainfromWall(ConductionHeatGain)
(Q=AxUxT)
WallArea=10mx1m=10m2
WallUvalue(200mmbrickwall=2.254W/m2)
TforNorthsidefacing200mmbrickwall=14
So,Q=10x2.254x14=315.56W
iiHeatGainfromGlassWindow.(Conduction+RadiationHeatGain)
GlassArea=10mx3m=30m2
GlassUvalue=1.7W/m2
GlassScValue=0.3
CF=0.8
(Q=(3.4xAxU)+(211xAxScxCF)
Q=(3.4x30x1.7)+(211x30x0.3x0.8)=1692.6W
iiiHeatGainfromPartitionWall(ConductionHeatGain)
(Q=AxUxT)
PartitionArea=20x4=80m2
PartitionWallUValue=0.573W/m2
T(3024)=6
Q=80x0.573x6=275.04W
ivHeatGainfromFloor(ConductionHeatGain)
(Q=AxUxT)
FloorArea=50m2
FloorUValue=2.452W/m2
T(3024)=6
Q=50x2.452x6=735.6W
Afteraddingoutthetotalheatload
SensibleHeatLoadis6746.8W(10%SF)7421.53W=7.421kW.
LatentHeatLoadis1100W(10%SF)1210W=1.21kW
SHR=SH/(SH+LH)=7.421/(7.421+1.21)=0.86
That'smean86%isSensibleand14%isLatentheat.
Oncewegetthetotalsensibleheatload,wecangetthesupplyairvolume.
Qs=mcT
Qs=7.421kW(kJ/s)
c=1.004kJ/kg
Ifsupplyairtempis14C,T=2414=10.
m=Qs/(cxT)(kg/s)
m=7.421/(1.004x10)=0.73919kg/s
V,AirVolume(m3/s)=mxv(HumidVolumem3/kg)
Ifsupplyairtempis14C,visabout0.825m3/kg.
So,AirVolume,V=0.73919(kg/s)x0.825(m3/kg)
V=0.6098m3/s=2195CMH.
So,SupplyAirVolumeis2195CMH.

NextstepisFreshAirVolumeSupply,Ifthespacetypeisunderoffice,
MinimumFARequirementisbasedon62.1ASHRAE
(2.5l/s/person+0.3l/s/m2)=(2.5x20)+(0.3x50)=65l/s
MinimumFARequirementbasedonlocalcode(SS553).
5.5l/s/personor0.6l/s/m2(Choosehighervolume)
5.5x20=110l/s.
So,Wehavetochoose110l/sforthismeetingroom.
FreshAirSupplywillbe110l/s(396CMH).

AirConSketch

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So,supplyairvolume2195cmh&
freshairvolume396cmhforthis
meetingroom.
Layoutwillbeasperaircon
sketch.Justneedtocalculatehow
muchcapacityweneed.
ForCoolingLoadCapacity,
Q=mh
m=massofair(kg/s)(wealreadycalculated)
h=enthalpydifferentialofenteringairandleavingair(kJ/kg)
Forh=h1h2
h1=enthalpyofenteringairintocoil(maxingair)
h2=enthalpyofleavingairfromcoil(supplyair)
Sothatweneedtocalculatemaxingairtemp.
Mixingairvolumeissameassupplyairvolume.SeeAirconSketchdwg.
Inourdesigncondition,
SupplyAirTempis14C&RoomOperationTempis24C(maxi)&RHis50~55%.
FreshairtempisSingaporeSummerTemp,32.8C(DB)&26.1C(WB).
Sothatwecancalculatemaxingairtemp(enteringairtemp/oncoilairtemp).
Supplyairvolume(maxingairvolume)isadditionofreturnairvolumeandfreshairvolume.So,maxing
airtempisdependedonratioofreturnandfreshairvolume.
Equationwillbe
TmxMixingAirVolume=(TrxReturnAirVolume)+(TfxFreshAirVolume)
Otherwayis
Tmx100%=(TrxReturnAir%ofSupplyAir)+(TfxFreshAir%ofSupply)
Sowejustcalculatefreshairvolume%ofsupplyairvolume=396/2195x100=18%
Freshairvolumeis18%,returnairvolumewillbe10018=82%.
Tmx100=(Trx82)+(Tfx18)
Tr=RoomOperationTemp(24C)
(Itshouldadd1or2Cforductheatgainandplenumheatgain)
Tf=FreshAirTemp(32.8C).
Tmx100=(24x82)+(32.8x18)

Tm=25.58C
MixingAirTemp(DB)is25.58C.
Nextstepismaxingairtemp(WB)orHumidityRatio(g)
Sameasmaxingairtemp(DB)
equationwillbe
gmxMixingAirVolume=(grxReturnAirVolume)+(gfxFreshAirVolume)
gmx100=(grx82)+(gfx18)
gr=ReturnAirHumidityRatio
ReadfromPsychrometricChartbyRoomOperationTemp(24C&RH54%)
gr=9.8g/kg=0.0098kg/kg
gf=FreshAirHumidityRatio.
ReadfromPsychrometricChartbySingaporeSummerTemp(32.8C&26.1C)
gf=18.6g/kg=0.0186kg/kg.
Sogmx100=(0.0098x82)+(0.0186x18)

gm=11.83g/kg=0.01183kg/kg
ByMaxingAirTemp(DB)Tm,25.58C&MixingAirHumidityRatio(gm)11.83g/kg,

h1=55kJ/kg(FromPsychrometricChart)
Forh2,ReadfromPsychrometricChart
Basedonsupplyairtemp,coilADP,SpaceSHR&intersectionline.
SupplyAirtempis14C.
SpaceSHR=0.86
CoilADP=12.71C(Bycoilbypassfactoris0.1)

h2=37.2kJ/kg.
So,CoolingCapacityis

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Q=mh
m=7.421/(1.004x10)=0.73919kg/s
h=h1h2=5537.2=17.8kJ/kg
Q=0.73919x17.8
Q=13.15kJ/s(kW)

FanCoilUnitminimumcoolingcapacityis13.15kW.
CoolingRateis13.15/50x100=263W/m2.
SupplyAirVolumeis2195CMH
FreshAirVolumeis396CMH.

IfFCUischilledwatersystemandCHWTis5.5,
ChilledWaterFlowrate?

Q=mcT
Q=VcT
Q=CoolingCapacity(kJ/s)(kW)
V=WaterFlow(m3/s)
=Densityofwater(kg/m3)(1000kg/m3forwater)
c=SpecificHeatCapacityofWater(4.19kJ/kg)
m=massofwater(kg/s)
T=5.5
V=Q/cT=13.15/(1000x4.19x5.5)
V=0.00057m3/s
(1m3/s=1000l/s)
So,V=0.57l/s.
SoChilledWaterFlowRateis0.57l/s.
SothatforCHWSystem,m=V=....(Unitisl/s)
Q=mcT
m=Q/(cxT)...(l/s)

Thanks,
zawmoekhine

PostedbyZawMoeKhineat01:18

5comments

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Labels:SampleHeatLoadCalculation

13January2013

HEATLOADCALCULATION
Whenwecalculatetheheatload,wehavetoknowthelocationofspace(Country,City)
Andthenbuildinginformationsuchasbuildingtype,material,orientation&authoritystandard(Which
standardwehavetofollow?localorinternational).

MainHeatSourceareInternalHeatGain,ExternalHeatGainandHeatGainfromOA(FA)
SeefollowingHeatLoadChart.

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1InternalHeatGain
HeatGainfromLighting
HeatGainfromHuman
HeatGainfromElectricalEquipments

2ExternalHeatGain
HeatGainfromWall
HeatGainfromWindow
HeatGainfromRoof
HeatGainfromFloor
HeatGainfromPartition

3HeatGainfromOutdoorAir/FreshAir
FreshAirRequirementforComfortAir
FreshAirbyinfiltration

PostedbyZawMoeKhineat14:20

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Labels:HeatLoadCalculation

30October2012

http://www.scribd.com/doc/111569258/LoadCalculationSpreadsheetsQuickAnswersWithout
RelyingonRulesofThumb?secret_password=1lkzrbj8jnpsqznoyf54
PostedbyZawMoeKhineat23:14

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Recommend this on Google

14October2012

PRECOOLEDAHUCALCULATION
JuststartwithprecooledAHUCalculation!!
WhenyouwanttosizetheprecooledAHU,
youneedtoknowfreshairvolumeandtemperaturesetpoint.
Onceyouknowthistwoinfo,youcansizetheAHU.
Juststartcalculatefor3000l/sfreshairvolumeandsetpointtempis16C.

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Weallknowthat,therearetwokindsofheatforfreshair,SensibleandLatentHeat.
CoolingprocessforSensibleandDehumidificationforremovingofmoisture.
ForSensibleHeatLoad,(CoolingProcess).
Q=mcT

Q=VcT
Q=CoolingCapacity(kJ/s)(kW)
V=AirVolume(m3/s)
=Densityofair(kg/m3)(1.204kg/m3forstandardair)
c=SpecificHeatCapacityofair(kJ/kgK)(1.004kJ/kgKforstandardair)
T=Temperaturedifferential.
m=massofair(kg/s)
V=3000l/s=3m3/s.(1000l/s=1m3/s)

=1.204kg/m3forstandardair@Sealevel.
c=1.004kJ/kgKforstandardair.
T=AmbienttemperatureSetpointtemp.
T=(3316)(SingaporeSummerAmbientTempSetpointtemp)
Q=3x1.204x1.004x(3316)
Q=(m3/s)x(kg/m3)x(kJ/kgK)x(K)
Q=61.65kW.
ForLatentHeatLoad,(DehumidificationProcess/RemovingofMoisture)
Q=mhfgg
Q=Vhfgg
Q=CoolingCapacity(kJ/s)(kW)
V=AirVolume(m3/s)
=Densityofair(kg/m3)(1.204kg/m3forstandardair)
hfg=heatofvaporizationofwater(kJ/kg)(2454kJ/kgforstandardair)
hfg=2500kJ/kg(Estimatedfor16C)

g=HumidityRatio(MoistureContentofdryair)(kg/kg)
m=massofair(kg/s)

Q=Vhfgg
Q=(m3/s)x(kg/m3)x(kJ/kg)x(kg/kg)
Q=3x1.204x2500xg
SothatweneedtoseePsychrometricChartforHumidityRatio.
FirstPointisAmbientTemperature.(SingaporeSummerTemp(33DB/26.1WB)
FromPsychrometricChart,g1is0.0186kg/kg(18.6g/kg)Basedon33DB/26.1WB.
ForSecondPoint,SupplyAirTempandCoilADPorCoilCurve.
CoilADPisbasedonCoilbypassFactor.
NormalStandardcoilbypassfactoris0.1.
Ifbypassfactoris0.1,CoilADPis{16(33x0.1)}/(10.1)=14.11C.
BasedonSupplyAirtemp16CandCoilADP(14.11C),
FromPsychrometricChart,g2is0.0108kg/kg(10.8g/kg).
Sothatg=g1g2

g=0.01860.0108=0.0078kg/kg.
Q=3x1.204x2500xg
Q=3x1.204x2500x0.0078
Q=70.434kW
TotalCoolingCapacityforAHUisSensibleLoad+LatentLoad.

TotalLoad=61.65+70.434=132.084kW

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NEXTOPTIONCALCULATIONWITHENERGYMETHOD
Q=mh
Q=Vh
Q=CoolingCapacity(kJ/s)(kW)
V=AirVolume(m3/s)
=Densityofair(kg/m3)(1.204kg/m3forstandardair)
h=EnthalpyDifferentialofenteringandleavingairtothecoil(kJ/kg)
m=massofair(kg/s)

Q=Vh
V=3m3/s
=1.204m3/kg
h=EnthalpyDifferentialofenteringandleavingairtothecoil(kJ/kg)
h=Enthalpyofenteringair(Offcoilair)Enthalpyofleavingair(Oncoilair)
FromPsychrometricChart,
FirstPoint,h1,EnthalpyofEnteringAirisbasedonAmbientAirtemp
(33CDB/26.1CWB),h1=81kJ/kg.
SecondPoint,h2,EnthalpyofLeavingairis
BasedonSupplyAirTemp16C,CoilADP&EnteringPoint.
h2=44kJ/kg.
Sothat,h=h1h2=8144
h=37kJ/kg.

Q=Vh
Q=3x1.204x37
Q=133.644kW.

PostedbyZawMoeKhineat01:03

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Labels:PAHU/MAU/PAULoadCalculation(HeatGainfromOutdoorAir)

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