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Physics Form 4

The document discusses the three gas laws: Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Pressure's Law. Boyle's Law states that for a fixed mass of gas, pressure and volume are inversely proportional if temperature is constant. Charles' Law says that for a fixed mass of gas, volume and temperature are directly proportional if pressure is constant. Pressure's Law states that for a fixed mass of gas, pressure and temperature are directly proportional if volume is constant. Examples of applications for each law are given.

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Syahrul
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
1K views

Physics Form 4

The document discusses the three gas laws: Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, and Pressure's Law. Boyle's Law states that for a fixed mass of gas, pressure and volume are inversely proportional if temperature is constant. Charles' Law says that for a fixed mass of gas, volume and temperature are directly proportional if pressure is constant. Pressure's Law states that for a fixed mass of gas, pressure and temperature are directly proportional if volume is constant. Examples of applications for each law are given.

Uploaded by

Syahrul
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Physics Presentation

4.4 -UNDERSTANDING THE


GAS LAW
Ø 4.4.1 Boyle’s Law

Ø 4.4.2 Charles’ Law

Ø 4.4.3 Pressure’s law


4.4 Understanding the
Gas Laws
The
The volume
volume of
of the
the gas
gas is
is equal
equal to
to the
the volume
volume of
of the
●
●
the
container.
container.
●
VOLUME
!!Click
The molecules move freely in random motion an fill up
● Here!!
the whole space in the container.
The molecules move freely in random motion an fill up
VOLUME
the whole space in the container.

TEMPERATURE
●
The molecules are in continuous random motion and have an average kinetic
●
The molecules are in continuous
energy which is proportional to therandom motion and have an average kinetic
temperature
!!Click
energy which is proportional to the temperature
TEMPERATURE
Here!!
PRESSURE
PRESSURE
●
When a molecule collides with the wall of the container and bounces back, there is a change
●
The force per unit area is the pressure of the gas.
in momentum and collides
a force with
is exerted on of
the wall.
●
When a molecule the wall the container and bounces back, there is a change
●
The force per unit area is the pressure of the gas.
in momentum and a force is exerted on the wall.
●
● !!Click
The molecules are in continuous random motion
The molecules are in continuous random motion
Here!!
4.4.1 Boyle’s Law

 Boyle’s Law states that for a fixed mass of gas, the


pressure of the gas is inversely proportional to its
volume when the temperature is kept constant.

 That is PV = constant or =

 When the volume of a gas is reduced, the pressure


of the gas increases.
4.4.1 Boyle’s Law
Click
This

Click
Click icon
icontoto
addadd
picture
picture

The graphs of a gas


obeying Boyle’s Law
APPLICATION OF BOYLE’S LAW

 The oxygen cooled under


high pressure so that the
volume of the oxygen can
be reduced.
 Due to the high pressure
in the tank, the tank is
made of metals which are
hard and thick.
Absolute Zero of
Extrapolating
Graph Temperature

Click icon to add picture


Click to edit Master text styles

Relationship
between Celcius
and Kelvin.


ӨoC = (Ө + 273)
K


The
temperature of
-273oC is the
minimum
Click
temperature
This
4.4.2 Charles’ Law


Charles’ law states that for a fixed mass of gass, the
volume of the gas is directly proportional to its
absolute temperature when its pressure is kept
constant.


That is = constant or


The volume of a gas, at constant pressure, increases
with temperature. Click
This
APPLICATION OF CHARLES’
LAW
When the air in a hot-air gas
balloon is heated at
atmospheric pressure, its Click to edit Master text styles
temperatures. Second level
● Third level
According to Charles’ law, the ● Fourth level
● Fifth level
volume of a gas increases
when its temperature is
increased at constant volume.
The balloon rises when
buoyant force on the balloon
is greater than the weight of Click
the balloon. This
4.4.3 Pressure Law


The pressures law states that for a fixed mass of
gass, the pressure of the gas is directly proportional
to its absolute temperature when its volume is kept
constant.


That is = constant or


The pressure of a gas increases with its
temperature.
APPLICATION OF
PRESSURE LAW

When the car is moving, Click to edit Master text styles
the tyres will roll on the Second level
surfaces of the road & ● Third level
causes compression on the ● Fourth level
● Fifth level
tyres.

This will increases the
temperature in the tyres
& therefore increases the
air pressure in the tyres.

When the air pressure in
the tyres becomes higher,
it might explode
Click
This
The Gas Laws &
Important Formulae
Boyle’s Law
P Pressure Law

V T

Charles’ Law

Click
This
SUMMARY


What Have We Learned :

ü
Understanding Heat as a Form of Energy
ü
Using the Laws
THE END

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