Math 3 TG Draft 4.10.2014

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April 10, 2014

1
Lesson 1 Visualizing Numbers up to 5 000

Week 1

Objective
Visualize numbers 1 001 up to 5 000

Value Focus
Accuracy, Perseverance

Prerequisite Concepts and Skills
1. Visualizing, reading, and writing numbers through 1 000
2. Intuitive concept of numbers
3. Place value of whole numbers

Materials
Flats, longs and squares, flash cards, grid papers/hundreds chart

Instructional Procedures

A. Preliminary Activities

1. Drill
Have pupils in the first row write a number between 101 and 1 000 on
their "show-me board."

Call each one to show the number to the class to read. Do this as
snappily as possible. Repeat the same procedure with the other rows.

2. Review
Give pupils exercises on writing numbers in words and in symbols.
Write the following in symbols, e.g.
1) eight hundred forty-eight
2) nine hundred ninety-nine
3) one hundred four
Write the following in words, e.g.
345 503 674 980 864

3. Motivation
Play a puzzle game. Provide each group of pupils with sets of numerals
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. The puzzle is a number (ranging from 101 to
1 000) written in bold figures. Ask pupils to answer the questions that
you will read.
Examples: What is the smallest 3-digit number that can be formed?
How will you write two hundred eighty-five in symbols?
The first group to form the puzzle wins the game.
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B. Developmental Activities

1. Presenting the Lesson
Post the puzzles formed on the board.
Ask: How are these numbers similar?
How many digits are there?
What is the biggest place value in the numerals?

2. Performing the Activity
Have the pupils use flats, longs, and squares to illustrate/visualize each
number.
1 square = one (1)
10 squares = 1 long (1 ten)
10 longs (10 tens) = 1 flat (1 hundred)
10 flats (10 hundreds) = 1 block (1 thousand)
Say: Suppose you count on from 1 000, what would be the next
number?

Introduce the number 1 000.

Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

1 0 0 0

Using blocks, flats, longs and squares, 1 000 has how many loose
squares? How many longs? flats? blocks?
How many is 1 000 in hundreds? tens? ones?
1 000 = 10 hundreds
= 100 tens
= 1 000 ones
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If we count from one to one thousand and add 1, we have one

thousand one.
Guide the pupils to visualize other numbers using flats, longs and squares, e.g.

a. 2 425

2 blocks 4 flats 2 longs 5 squares
2 000 + 400 + 20 + 5

b. 3 627

3 blocks 6 flats 2 longs 7 squares
3 000 + 600 + 20 + 7

3. Processing the Activity
Ask:
What do the blocks represent? the flats? the longs? the squares?
When we add one square to 1 000 blocks, how much do we get?
In the representation, how much is 2 blocks, 4 flats, 2 longs, and 5
squares?
How many blocks, flats, longs, and squares is 3 627?
Can you now visualize big numbers using this representation?

4. Reinforcing the Concept
Divide the pupils into 10 groups. Give each group a chart with the title
"My 2 001 2 100 Chart. Have them complete the chart:
2 001 2 100, 2 101 2 200, and so on.

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2 001

2100

For additional exercises, let pupils answer Activities 1 and 2 in the LM.

5. Summarizing the Lesson
How could we visualize numbers from 1 001 5 000?
What helps us visualize the numbers?

6. Applying to New and Other Situations
Have pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 1 375

2) 2 083

In visualizing numbers 1 001 up to 5 000, blocks (thousands), flats
(hundreds), longs (tens) and squares (ones) are used.
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3) 3 260

4)1 518

5) 4 231

C. Evaluation
Have pupils do the exercises under Activity 4 in the LM.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 2 217

2)3 248

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3)3 760

B. 1) 2 300 2) 3 001 3) 3 202 4) 2 013 5) 1 102

D. Home Activity
Give Activity 5 in the LM as assignment. Check pupils work.
Answer Key:
1) 1 802

2) 2 574

3) 4 0 90

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Lesson 2 Visualizing Numbers up to 10 000

Week 1

Objective
Visualize numbers 5 001 up to 10 000

Value Focus
Accuracy, Patience

1. Visualizing, reading, and writing numbers through 5 000

Materials
Flats, longs and squares, flash cards, grid papers/hundreds chart


1. Drill
Have pupils in the first row write a number between 5 001 and 6 000 on
their "show me board.

Call each one to show the number to the class and read. Do this as
snappily as possible. Repeat the same procedure with the other rows.

2. Review
Let the pupils answer the exercise below:
Write the number represented by each set of number discs.

1) 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 100 10 1

____________________________________________

2) 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000 1 000

100 10 10 1 1
___________________________________________

3. Motivation
Divide the class into four groups.
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A number will be assigned and pinned to each group member - 0, 1, 2,

3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9. They will be asked some questions and they will
arrange themselves according to their answer.
The members without numbers assigned to them will serve as group
facilitators and one will write the group answer on the board.

The group with the highest score wins the Give Me game.
Say: Give me:
1. The smallest 4-digit number that you can form. (1 234)
2. The biggest 4-digit number that you can form. (9 876)
3. A 4-digit number with 5 in the hundreds place

After checking the scores, announce the winner.
This time, merge the groups and come up with two groups each with 2
sets of (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9).

Say: Give me:
1. The smallest 4-digit number. (1 001)
2. The biggest 4-digit number. (9 988)


Post all the numbers formed:
1 234, 9 876, 2 468, 1 001, 9 988

Ask: Which of these numbers has the smallest digit in the thousands
place? (1 001)
Which has the biggest digit in the thousands place?
(9 876 and 9988)
Which number has the biggest value? (9 988)

What is the highest place value of this numeral? (thousands)
What is the highest place value if 9 988 is rounded off to10 000?
(ten thousands)

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Have the pupils use flats, longs, and squares to illustrate/visualize 9 000
and 10 000

1 block = 10 flats or 100 longs or 1 000 squares = 1 000
1 flat = 10 longs or 100 squares = 100
1 long = 10 squares = 10
1 square = 1
Let them use blocks, flats, longs, and squares to visualize 9 988.
Represent 9 000 using blocks, 900 using flats, 80 using longs and 8 using
squares.

Ask: How many blocks are there? _____( 9 )
How many flats?____ ( 9) longs? ____ ( 8 ) squares?____ ( 8 )

Say: If we have 9 blocks or 9 000 and we add 1 more block or 1 000,
how many blocks do we have now? (10)

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10 blocks is equal to what number? (10 000)

Since the number (10 000) is so large, aside from using blocks, flats,
longs and squares, we can also represent it with a picture of a bundle
of straws with 10 000 label, e.g.

Guide the pupils to see the relationship between the bundled straws
and the flats, longs, and ones, such that:
Ten
Thousands

bundle of
10 000 straws
= 10 blocks
= 10 000
bundle of
1 000 straws
= 1 block
= 1 000
bundle of
100 straws
= 1 flat
= 100
bundle of
10 straws
= 1 long
= 10
one straw =
one square
= 1
Note: Real bundled straws can also be used to visualize large numbers.

Post bundled straws on the board. Ask the pupils to give the number,
e.g.

10000
10000
1000
100
10
1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000
1000
100
100
100
10 10 10 10 10

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Provide bundled straws to pupils in 1 000s, 100s, 10s and 1s. Let the
pupils show the following numbers using the bundled straws.
e.g. 8 207 6 482 9 025
Provide or let the pupils bring out their pre-assigned blocks, flats, longs
and squares. Have the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM.

Ask the following questions:
How did you find the activity?
Did you find it helpful to use flats, longs and squares and the bundled
straws in visualizing numbers?

Provide pupils with bundled straws. Have pupils work on Activity 2 in
the LM.

5. Summarizing the lesson
Ask pupils the following questions:
How do we visualize numbers 5 001 to10 000?
What could help us visualize numbers?

Have pupils work on the exercises under Activity 3 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 6 431 2) 7 512 3) 5 754 4) 7 202

C. Evaluation
Give Activity 4 in the LM for pupils to answer. Check their work.

D. Home Activity
Have pupils work on Activity 5 at home.

Answer Key:
1) 5 208
To help visualize numbers from 5 00110 000, blocks (thousands), flats
(hundreds), longs (tens) and squares (ones) are used. Bundled straws
(real or pictures) are also helpful in visualizing large numbers.
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2) 7 485

3) 10 000

Lesson 3 Giving the Place Value and Value of Numbers
up to 10 000

Week 1

Objective
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Give the place value and value of a digit in a number up to 10 000

Value Focus
Accuracy, Truthfulness

1. Reading and writing numbers from 1 up to 10 000 in symbols and in words
2. Identifying the place value and the value of a digit in 3- to 4-digit numbers
3. Renaming numbers in expanded form

Materials
Flash cards, counters, place value chart, grid papers


1. Drill
Have pupils work on Activity 1-A in the LM.

2. Review
Give Activity 1-B in the LM as a review.

3. Motivation
Form four groups of three pupils each. Give each group two sets of
number cards (numbers 0 through 9). Give these directions:

a. Each member of the group takes a number. As a number is called,
group members line to form that number.
Example: 654
982
b. The first group to form the number correctly wins.


Provide and present the counters flats, longs, and squares or let the
pupils bring out their pre-assigned counters. Have the pupils count
them. Let them group them into thousands, hundreds, tens and ones.
Ask: How many thousands did you form?
How many hundreds are there? tens? ones?

Have the pupils write the numbers on the board.
Have them write the number in expanded form.

Present this place value chart and refer pupils to the LM. Discuss the
different place values.
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Ten
thousands

Let pupils do Activity 2. Let them give the number represented by the
number discs on the chart. Let them answer the questions that follow.
Ten
thousand
Thousand Hundreds Tens Ones

1 000

1 000

1 000

1 000

1 000

100

100

100

10 10

10 10

10 10

10

1

1

Ask: How many digits are there?
What is the place value of 5? 3? 7? 2?
Let pupils see the value of each digit by having them write the number
in expanded form.

Let them note that the value of a number could be arrived at by
multiplying the digit by its place value as shown in the procedure
below.

Digit Place Value Value
2 x 1 = 2
7 x 10 = 70
3 x 100 = 300
5 x 1 000 = 5 000

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To give meaning to the value of the number, point out that putting
together the values of each digit will give the total value of the
number.

Illustrate this idea by adding all the values of each digit and equating
them to the number as shown.

5 000 + 300 + 70 + 2 = 5 372

Lead pupils to see the pattern that the place value of a digit is always
10 times as great as the place value of the digit to its right.

Introduce the next higher place value the ten thousands place.

Present this place value chart.

Ten
thousands
6 2 9 5
8 8 8 8

Use the above procedure in presenting the next higher place value in
the first number. Then discuss extensively on the place value and value
of each digit in the number.

Present the next number which is 8 888. Have them read it. Ask
volunteers to give the place value and the value of each digit.
Write the answers on the board.

a. Divide the class into groups.
Distribute number cards bearing numbers not greater than 10 000.

Have them write the digits in their correct place value using the place
value chart provided to them.

Ask the following questions.
Which digit in card 1 is in the thousands place? in the ones place?
What is the place value of each digit in card1?
What is the value of each digit in the number?
Which digit has the greatest value? the least value?
Ask the same questions for the rest of the given numbers.
6 437 6 549 7 362 1 075 5 248
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Have pupils work by pairs on Activity 3 in the LM. Discuss their answers
afterwards.
Answer Key: A. 1) thousands, 1000 2) hundreds, 600 3) tens, 30
4) hundreds, 400 5) ones, 8
B. 1) 7 thousands + 5 hundreds + 2 tens + 4 ones
2) 9 thousands +8 hundreds + 4tens +1 ones
3) 4 thousands + 3 hundreds + 8 tens + 5 ones
4) 7 345 means 7 000 + 300 + 40 + 5
5) 5 446 means 5 000 + 400 + 40 + 6
C. 1) Thousands, hundreds, tens, and ones
2) Thousands Thousands period; hundreds, tens, and ones Units
Period
3) To find the value of a digit, multiply it by its place value.

Ask the following questions:
What are the place values in a 4-digit number?
In which group of number or period name is each place value found?
How do you find the value of a digit in a given number?

Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Guide pupils in doing the
exercises.
Answer Key: A. 1) 5 2) 4 3) 8 4) 6
B. 1) 8 342 2) 8 931 3) 2 830 4) 2 899 5) 9 845

C. Evaluation
Give Activity 5 in the LM. Check pupils answers.
Answer Key: A. 1) Thousands; 5 000 2) Ones; 5 3) Tens; 50
4) Thousands, 5 000 5) Hundreds, 500
B. 1) 2 2) 8 3) yes, place holder for tens (2 508)

D. Home Activity
Have pupils study the illustration in Activity 6 in the LM and let the pupils
give five 4-digit numbers using the digits found in the illustration.
In giving the place value and value of a digit in a number up to 10 000:
Identify the place value in which the digit belongs such as ones, tens,
hundreds, and thousands.
The value of a number could be arrived at by multiplying the digit by
its place value.
The place value of a digit is always 10 times as great as the place
value of the digit to its right.

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Possible answers: 3 047, 3 074, 3 704, 3 740, 4 037, 4 703, etc.

Lesson 4 Reading and Writing Numbers up to 10 000

Week 1

Objective
Read and write numbers up to 10 000 in symbols and in words

Value Focus
Accuracy

1. Reading and writing numbers through 5 000

Materials
Flats, longs and squares, flash cards, grid papers/place value chart



1. Drill
Pupils read numbers from 1011 000. Use flash cards for this purpose.

2. Review
Write the missing number in the shapes below.

a.

375
377 379
703
706
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b.

3. Motivation
Mix and match

Distribute a set of cards with numbers written in symbols and another
set of cards with their equivalent numbers in words. Tell the pupils to
find their match. The first pair to find a match wins. Post the pairs found
on the board.


Post the problem on the board.
Glenda heard from the newscaster that there are one thousand
twenty-five voters in barangay Sta. Ana and one thousand three
hundred twenty-four voters in barangay Nabalod. She wrote the
numbers on her paper this way,
Barangay Sta. Ana 1 250 voters
Barangay Nabalod 1 324 voters
Is she correct in writing the numbers? Why?
Which number is written correctly? Why?
Which is not? What is the correct way of writing this number?

Divide the class into groups.
Assign each group a task. Ask them to prepare the hundreds chart.
Group1 Make a number chart from 1 0011 100.
Group 2 Make a number chart from 2 401 2 500.
Group 3 Make a number chart from 3 501 3 600.
Group 4 Make a number chart from 4 2014 300.

Ask: How were you able to do your task?

Call some pupils to read some numbers they have written, e.g. 1 083,
2 426, 4 238

Call some pupils to write some numbers in words on the board or on
their show me boards, e.g. 3 575, 8 400

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How many digits do numbers from 1 001 to 9 999 have? Which digit
belongs to the thousands group?
How many digits are there in 10 000? Which digit belongs to the
thousands group?
How did you write the numbers in symbols? How did you separate
the digits in the thousands place to that in the digits in the
hundreds, tens and ones place?
How do you write the numbers in words? Do you still need to write
zero when writing in words? Why?

Guide pupils in working on Activity 1 in the LM.

Answer Key: A. 1) one thousand, four hundred seventy-five 2) three
thousand, four hundred eighty 3) four thousand, five hundred thirty-
seven 4) five thousand, four hundred sixty-two 5) nine thousand, four
hundred eighty-four

B. 1) 2 703 2) 6 547 3) 9 132 4) 7 034 5) 5 301

Ask: How do we write numbers from 1 001 to ten thousand in symbols
and in words?

To write numbers from 1 001 to 10 000, start reading or writing from
the biggest place value down to the lowest, or from left place
value to right place value.

Guide pupils in doing Activity 2 in the LM.

Answer Key: 1) 6 463 2) 7 587 3) 4 518 4) 5 489 5) 9 537

C. Evaluation

Answer Key:
A. 1) 5 459 five thousand, four hundred fifty-nine 2) six thousand, five
hundred sixty-eight 3) five thousand, one hundred seventy-three
4) five thousand, three hundred forty-two 5) six thousand, twelve

B. 1) 5 961 2) 7 234 3) 8 044 4) 9 373 5) 6 097

D. Home Activity
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Give Activity 4 in the LM as pupils assignment. Check their work.

Answer Key:
1) 9 876 nine thousand, eight hundred seventy-six
2) 5 474 five thousand, four hundred seventy-four

Lesson 5 Rounding Off Numbers to the Nearest Tens,
Hundreds and Thousands

Week 2

Objective
Round off numbers to the nearest tens, hundreds, and thousands

Value Focus
Accuracy

1. Concept of numbers
2. Concept of place value
3. Reading and writing numbers
4. Concept of near and far
5. Comparing sets of objects
6. Concept of left and right
7. Concept of up and down

Materials
Number cards, bottle full of beads, pictures


1. Drill
Give the directions to the following exercises and call on pupils to
answer snappily.

Give the place value of the underlined number.
1. 368
2. 1 482
3. 745
4. 1 425
5. 936
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2. Review
Write your answers on your Show Me boards.
A. If we skip count by 10s,
1. 28 is nearer to ______.
2. 42 is nearer to ______.
3. 61 is nearer to ______.
4. 73 is nearer to ______.
5. 89 is nearer to ______.
B. If we skip count by 100s.
1. 121 is nearer to _______ than______.
2. 389 is nearer to _______ than______.
3. 512 is nearer to _______ than______.
4. 678 is nearer to _______ than______.
5. 803 is nearer to _______ than______.

3. Motivation
Posing the Problem
a. Show a bottle full of beads. Ask: Can we tell the exact number of
beads at a glance? About how many beads do you think are in
the bottle?
b. Show a picture of a big crowd of people such as in a basketball
game. Ask pupils to describe what they see in the picture. Ask: Can
you tell the exact number of people watching the game? About
how many people are watching the basketball game?
Say: Sometimes there is no need for us to give the exact number.
Instead we just approximate/estimate how many people or things
there are.


You can make an estimate when you need to know about how many
or about how much. Rounding off numbers is one way of making
estimates.

Example:
Suppose it takes you 22 minutes to get home from school. Would you
say it takes you about 20 minutes or about 30 minutes to get there?

Let us use a number line. Label it with numbers from 10 to 30.

Find the point for 22. Is it closer to 20 or 30? (It is closer to 20.)
Since it is closer to the smaller number, we round it down.
10 11 12 13 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
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So, 22 rounded to the nearest tens is 20.

Find 27. To what number is it closer? 30 or 20?
Since it is closer to 30 we round it up.
So 27 rounded to the nearest tens is 30.

Find 25. Where is it located? It is halfway between 20 and 30.
Round up numbers that have 5 in the ones unit, such as 25.
So 25 rounded to the nearest tens is 30.
Identify more points in the number line. Ask in which tens each number
is nearer. Write all the answers on the board.

Guide the pupils to see the pattern when to round up and when to
round down.


Guide pupils in doing Activity 1 A- C in the LM as examples.
A. John spent his vacation in Manila for 29 days. Rounded to the
nearest tens, about how many days did John spend his vacation in
Manila?

Study the number line to find the answer.

In which tens is 29 nearer, 20 or 30?
So, what is 29 rounded to the nearest tens?
John spent his vacation in Manila for about 30 days.

20, 21, 22, 23, 24, are nearer to 20.
When rounded to the nearest tens, their number is 20.
Ask: Did you round up or down?

25, 26, 27, 28, 29 are nearer to 30. When rounded to the nearest
tens, their number is 30.
Ask: Did you round up or round down?

B. Study the number line. Read the number labels.

200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300

In which hundreds is 260 nearer, 200 or 300?
So, 260 rounds to 300.

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
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C. Study the number line. Read the number labels.

4000 4100 4200 4300 4400 4500 600 4700 4800 4900 5000

In which thousands is 4 300 nearer, 4 000 or 5 000?
So 4 300 becomes 4 000 when rounded to the nearest thousands.

Let pupils do Activity 1 D G with their partners. Discuss their answers
afterwards.

Answer Key:
D. 1) 60 2) 80 3) 40 4) 70 5) 90
E. 1) 100 2) 300 3) 600 4) 300 4) 400
F. 1) 2 000 2) 2 000 3) 4 000 4) 5 000
G. 1) to tens ones 2) to hundreds tens 3) to thousands - hundreds
2) 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 3) 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9

Call on pupils to answer the following:
What is the rounding place if a number is to be rounded to tens?
hundreds? thousands?
What digit should be to the right of the digit in the rounding place
in order for you to round down?
What digit should be to the right of the digit in the rounding place
in order for you to round up?


Pupils will play a game Can You Find Me. Write the numbers on the
number cards and post them on the board. (Cover them first prior to
the instructions). Refer to Activity 2 in the LM for the numbers and the
questions.

Divide the class into 5 or 6 groups.
Ask the group to look for the answers to the questions from the number
cards arranged on the board.

At the signal Go, uncover the cut-outs and let the pupils start.
The first group to give the most number of correct answers wins the
game.

Ask: How do we round off numbers?

To round off numbers
1. Look for the place of the digit to be rounded off.
2. Check the digit to its right. If it is 4 or below, round it down.
3. If it is 5 or above, round it up.
4. Change all the digits to the right of the digit to be rounded off to 0.
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Have pupils work on Activity 3 of the LM.
Answer Key: A. 1) 60 2) 40 3) 500 4) 600 5) 1 000
B. 1) 70 2) 500 3) 400 4) 6 000 5) 200
C.
40 50 60 70 200 300 400 500 3 000 4 000 5 000
38 49 56 68 243 273 361 485 2 548 4 217 4 613
42 456

C. Evaluation
Give Activity 4 to pupils to check on their learning.

Answer Key: 1) 3 000 2) 54 kg, 47 kg, 58 kg 3) 330 4) 260 dm and 300
dm because it is greater than 257 5) answer depends on the prevailing
prices of the items in the community

D. Home Activity
Pupils answer Activity 5 in the LM.

Answer Key:
A. 1) 849 2) 750 3) 549; 450 4) 9 100 5) 6 000

B. Possible Answers: 1) 70 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73, 74 2) 400 350,
351, 352, , 449 3) 8 000 7 500, 7 501, 7 502, , 8 499

C. 2) 220 3) 207 4) 918 5) 840 6) 510 9) 1 206

Lesson 6 Comparing Numbers up to 10 000

Week 2

Objective
Compare numbers up to 10 000 using relation symbols

Value Focus
Accuracy, Honesty

1. Intuitive concepts of numbers up to10 000
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2. Write numbers after, before, between a given number

3. Place value
4. Concept of more than, less than

Materials
Flats, longs, and squares, pictures/illustrations, charts/tables, activity card,
number line


1. Drill
Show two sets of pictures or real objects to pupils. Have them count
the number of objects in each picture and tell which of the sets has
more or less number. Do this fast. Below are examples of pictures or
real objects for counting.
25 crayons 30 crayons
32 coins 27 coins
18 umbrellas 24 umbrellas

Have pupils tell the missing number in each blank.
616 _________ 618 _______ 620 __________ 622
357 _________ 359 _______ 361 __________ 363

2. Motivation
Lead pupils in playing a game. Have them group themselves
according to the following:
color of their dress
first letter of their names
favorite subject

Ask: What color of dresses has the most number? the least?
Compare the numbers.
What first letter of names has the most number? the least? How
would you compare their numbers?
What subject is the favorite of most pupils? The least? Compare
the numbers.


Have pupils look at the picture on the LM. Have them read the text
about Sally and Carmy.
Show the chart to pupils and explain the data.
Best Friends

Number of rubber bands
collected
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Sally 1 637
Carmy 1 259

Ask: How many rubber bands did Sally collect? What about Carmy?
Who collected more rubber bands?
Help pupils to visualize the problem. Use flats, longs, and squares.

Let the pupils compare the two numbers by their digits.
Ask: What can you say about their digits in the thousands place?
(They are equal)
in the hundreds place? (They are not the same in number.)

Ask: Which hundred is more?
(6 hundred is greater than 2 hundred.)
So, 1637 is greater than 1259.

Introduce the symbols >for greater than, <for less than, and =for
equal.
Say: 1637 is greater than 1259.
In symbol, it is written as: 1637 >1259

1259 is less than 1637.
In symbol, it is written as: 1259 <1637
Therefore, Sally collected more rubber bands than Carmy.

Give an example illustrating the concept of equality (=).

Present another way of comparing the numbers by using a number
line.
Plot the points on the number line. Ask which of the two numbers
should be written on the left side and on the right side. Have pupils
explain why.

1 259 1 637

1 000 1 100 1 200 1 300 1 400 1 500 1 600 1 700 1 800 1 900

Tell pupils to read the numbers on the given segment of the number
line.
Ask: What is the leftmost number in the given segment of the
number line? the rightmost?
Which number is greater? Which is lesser?
What do you notice with the numbers as they go from left to
right?
Which is greater between the two numbers as they are seen on
the number line? Which is lesser?
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27
How do we use the number line in comparing numbers?

Have pupils study and compare the numbers below:

5 482 9 649 9 583 9 385

5 thousand < 9 thousand 9 thousand = 9 thousand
So, 5 482 < 9 649 5 hundred > 3 hundred
9 649 > 5 482 So, 9 583 > 9 385
9 385 < 9 583

Let pupils work in pairs. Tell them to make posters that show the
meaning of <, >, and =. Tell them to use numbers, words, pictures and
the symbols.
Have pupils present their posters to the class. Display the posters so
pupils can refer to them as they study the lesson.

Ask the pupils the following questions:
In the activity, what symbols did you use to show the comparison
between two numbers?
What symbol did you use to show that one number is more than
the other?
What symbol did you use to show that one number is less than the
other?
What symbol did you use to show that the number of objects is the
same?

Divide the pupils into 4 groups. Ask the pupils to use the following hand
gestures for less than, for greater than and for equal.
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April 10, 2014
28

less than greater than equal
As the pairs of numbers are called, the groups give their answer by
doing the hand gesture that corresponds to their answer. Refer to
Activity 1 in the LM for the pairs of numbers.
Answer Key: 1) < 2) < 3) < 4) < 5) < 6) = 7) = 8) < 9) = 10) <

Ask: How do we compare numbers? What symbols do we use?

To compare numbers, we use the following symbols:
>for greater than; <for less than, and =for equal to.

Have pupils work on Activity 2 in the LM. Assist pupils in solving the word
problems. Provide more exercises if needed.

Answer Key:
A. 1) 3 280 2) December
B. 1) 9 879 2) 8 400 3) 7 643 4) 6 897 5) 7 342

C. Evaluation
Give Activity 3 in the LM for pupils to work on.
Answer Key:
A. 1) < 2) < 3) < 4) > 5) = 6) < 7) > 8) < 9) < 10) =
B. 1) No because 426 < 624
2) The digit 4 in 934 has a value of 4 while the 4 in 647 has a value of 40.
C. 1) tens place 2) hundreds place.

D. Home Activity
Pupils write the correct symbol for each pair of numbers in Activity 4 in the
LM.
Answer Key: 1) < 2) < 3) = 4) > 5) >

Lesson 7 Ordering Numbers up to 10 000

Week 2
Objective
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
29
Order numbers up to 10 000 in increasing or decreasing order

Value Focus
Generosity

1. Intuitive concepts of 100110 000
2. Writing numbers after, before, and between a given number
3. Comparing numbers up to 10 000 using relation symbols

Materials
Flats, longs, and squares; pictures/illustrations; charts/tables; activity cards;
number line; counters

1. Drill
a. Using the flash cards, have the pupils give the place value of a
digit in the number. (Say the digit as the card is flashed.)
Example: 7 634 (six) 4 351 (four)

b. Using another set of flash cards, have the pupils give the number
that comes before or after the number that is flashed.
Example: 4 723 ________ _________ 2 391

2. Review
a. Play a game between pairs.
1) Provide each pair of pupils a small circle of cardboard with the
word more on one side and the word less on the other side.
Also give them a set of number cards with 4- to 5-digit numbers
written on them.
2) Have each pair lay one of their number cards on the table face
down.
3) Have one pupil throw the circle cardboard in the air. As the
cardboard lands on the table or the floor, the pupils check and
find out which side lands up. If it is more, the pair whose
number is greater earns a point. If the less side lands up, then
the pair whose number is less gets the point. (Let the class
decide which of the numbers is more or less.)
4) Have the pupils place another set of number cards on the
table, and then repeat the same procedure.
5) The pair to earn 3 out of 5 points wins the game.

b. Study each pair of numbers, and then, answer the following
questions.

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April 10, 2014
30
What digit or digits will you write in the blank to make the number
greater than the number on the right?

1) 4 __37 4 794

2) __143 1 268

3) 7 8__ 9 7 861

What digit or digits will you write in the blank to make the number
less than the number on the left?
1) 4 763 __ 457
2) 5 994 5 __58
3) 6 745 6 74____

3. Motivation
Call on pupil volunteers to stand in front and arrange themselves from
tallest to shortest.

Ask: How many pupils are there?
What do you notice about their arrangement? How are they
arranged?
Who can come up front and arrange all your classmates in order
from tallest to shorter/shortest to tallest?


a. Show a clothesline with two numbers (6 392 and 4 354) pinned on it.
Let the pupils read the numbers.

Say: What if there is another number like 5 253? Where should it be
placed so that the numbers are arranged from greatest to
least?
(Answer: between 6 392 and 4 354)

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April 10, 2014
31
Ask: Why should it be placed in that position? (because 5 253 is less

than 6 392, but greater than 4 354 and we are following the
decreasing order)

What if there is another number like 2 998? Where should it be
placed?
(Answer: after 4 354)
Why? (to arrange the numbers in order from greatest to least)
Remember that you are arranging the numbers from
greatest to least.

Remind pupils that when the numbers are arranged in decreasing
order, the arrangement starts with the greatest number and ends
with the least number.

Ask: If the numbers were arranged from least to greatest or in
increasing order, how will the arrangement be done? Which
number should come first? second? third? last?

Tell pupils that when the numbers are arranged in increasing order,
the arrangement starts with the least number and ends with the
greatest number.

2. Performing the Activities
a. Divide the pupils into two groups and let them continue hanging
all the numbers in the clothesline. The first group is to hang the
numbers in increasing order by comparing first the digits with the
highest place value; in this case the thousands place.
6 392 2 998 4 354 5 253

Let another group do the hanging of another set of numbers on a
clothesline in decreasing order.
1 463 5 678 3975 7 123

b. Give 2 sets of number cards to the two groups. Instruct one group
to arrange the first set of number cards in increasing order and the
second group to arrange their cards in decreasing order. Tell them
that this is a timed activity (5 minutes).

Set 1 : 4 163, 3 985, 5 421, 2 134, 3 154
Set 2 : 6 789, 1 567, 4 678, 1 987, 5 234

Tell them to copy the arrangements done on their paper later.

3. Processing the Activities
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April 10, 2014
32
Call on each group to post their work on the board. Have the pupils
focus on what had been posted. Let them check if all the numbers
were arranged correctly.

Ask: How can you say that the numbers were arranged in increasing
order? in decreasing order?

If I have another number like 6 835, where would I place it in the
first set? Why?

If I have another blank card and wanted to place it after the
second number in the second set, what number should be
written on the card?

Can we write the numbers in a column? If yes, how will they be
arranged? (Many possible answers)

Which way of arranging numbers do you prefer, vertical or
horizontal? Why?

Ask the pupils to answer the exercises under Activities 1 and 2 in the
LM. Check pupils answers.

Answer Key:
Activity 1 : 1) 4 382, 4 381, 4 380, 4 379, 4 378 2) 5 732, 5 326, 5 324,
5 322, 5 320 3) 7 865, 7 854, 7 850, 7 845, 7 585
Activity 2: A. 1) 2 786, 2 787, 2 788, 2 789, 2 790 2) 5 000, 5 780, 5 860,
5 880, 5 980 3) 8 461, 9 742, 9 832, 9 904, 10 000
B. 1) 4 989, 4 988, 4 987, 4 986, 4 985 2) 9 400, 9399, 9 299, 8 999,
8 299 3) 9 967, 8 374, 6 090, 6 000, 5 610

How do we arrange numbers in decreasing order?
How do we arrange numbers in increasing order?

To arrange numbers in increasing or decreasing order, compare two
numbers at a time, starting from left to right. Find out which is greater
or lesser, then put them in the right order.

Ask the pupils to answer the exercises under Activity 3 of the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 1 976, 2 564, 2 839, 3 427
2) 9 357, 7 450, 6 983, 4 745

C. Evaluation
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April 10, 2014
33
Guide pupils in working on Activity 4 in the LM. Check pupils answers.

Answer Key: 1) 8 543, 6 327, 4 327, 3 258, 1 765
2) 4 231, 4 452, 5 189, 7 675, 9 778

D. Home Activity
Ask the pupils to study the word problem then answer the exercises under
Activity 5 in the LM.
Answer Key: Activity 5A
Organization As Collection
Ascending : 6 800, 7 500, 8 000, 8 600, 10 000
Descending : 10 000, 8 600, 8 000, 7 500, 6 800
Organization Bs Collection
Ascending : 5 800, 6 600, 7 900, 8 500, 9 000
Descending : 9 000, 8 500, 7 900, 6 600, 5 800

Activity 5 B Answers vary; Example: 6 741, 6 147, 4 671, 1 674, 1 467
Lesson 8 Ordinal Numbers from 1
st
to 100
th

Week 3

Objective
Identify ordinal numbers from 1
st
to 100
th

Value Focus
Waiting for ones turn

1. Reading and writing numbers from 1 to 100
2. Reading and writing ordinal numbers from 1
st
through the 20
th

Materials
Calendar, picture of children lined up, number cut-outs, fruits (real or
drawing)


1. Drill

Identify the place value of the underlined digit. Add more exercises as
needed.

2. Review
571 5376 6 725 3096 9827 8360
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April 10, 2014
34
Show a picture of children lined one after another. Have them read
the name of each child below the picture.

Lito Roman Bitoy Ana Jay Riza Gina Maria Jasna Atoy
Name the child in the line.

Who is the first? ___________
Who is the fourth? ___________
Who is the sixth? ___________
Who is the second? ___________
Who is the third? ___________
Who is the fifth? ___________
Who is the 10
th
? ___________
Who is the 8
th
? ___________
Who is the ninth? ___________
Who is the 7
th
in line? ___________

3. Motivation
Ask: Have you experienced falling in line during recess or meal time
in the school canteen? What should you observe when falling in
line?

Give other similar situations such as during flag ceremony, when
receiving relief goods, and when buying tickets for rides during town
fiesta. Ask the importance of falling in line in these situations.


Posing the Problem

Show the Filipino alphabet from the first letter up to the last.

Ask: How many letters does the Filipino alphabet have?

A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N
NG O P Q R S
T U V W X Y Z

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
35
The letters of the alphabet are arranged with letter A being the first
letter, B as the second, C as the third, and so on.

Ask: What does the arrangement of the letters of the alphabet
indicate?
(The arrangement indicates the position or order of one letter in
relation to the other letters.)
Explain to pupils how to write ordinal numbers.
To write ordinal numbers in symbol, connect the number with the
letters st for numerals with the number 1(1
st
, first), nd for numerals with
the number 2 (2
nd
, second), rd for numerals with the number 3 (3
rd
,
third), and th for numerals with the number 4 and above (4
th
, fourth)
Except for eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth (11
th
, 12
th
, 13
th
), all other
numbers take the letters th.

Have the pupils read all the letters and let them take note of the
ordinal numbers of all the letters in the alphabet.

Ask: What is the 21
st
letter? (letter S)
21
st
is an ordinal number.

How were you able to know the ordinal number of the letters?
(by counting, starting with the first letter)

How can ordinal numbers be written?
(Ordinal numbers can be written in words or in symbols.)

Write or show: 21
st
can also be written as twenty-first
33
rd
as thirty-third
44
th
as forty-fourth

Say: In a writing period, the teachers objective is for the pupils to
master the proper writing strokes so she asked them to write the
Filipino alphabet four times in the same order.
ASK: What would be the 50
th
letter? (Tor t) 100
th
letter? (NG or ng)

A B C D E F G

A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N

H I J K L M N
NG O P Q R S

NG O P Q R S
T U V W X Y Z

T U V W X Y Z

A B C D E F G

A B C D E F G
H I J K L M N

H I J K L M N
NG O P Q R S

NG O P Q R S
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
36
T U V W X Y Z

T U V W X Y Z

Whats another way of writing the ordinal number 100
th
?
Say: Here are some numbers. Write th, rd, nd, or st as superscripts for
each of the following to change them into ordinal numbers.

1. 31 ______________ 4. 81 ______________
2. 45 ______________ 5. 68 ______________
3. 33 ______________ 6. 92 ______________

This time, write the ordinal numbers in words.
Ordinal Number Answer
Example: 25
th
Twenty-fifth
1) 31
st

2) 45
th

3) 33
rd

4) 81
st

5) 68
th

6) 92
nd

What do we call numbers like 1
st
, 2
nd
, 3
rd
? (ordinal numbers)
What do ordinal numbers show?
How are ordinal numbers written?
Which ordinal numbers end with st? nd? rd? th?

Ask the pupils to practice writing ordinal numbers in words and in
symbols.

Examples: In words In symbols
Twenty-second 22
nd

Thirty-fifth 35
th

Forty-third 43
rd

Sixty-first 61
st

Sixty-fourth 64
th

Seventy-seventh 77
th

a. Name the fruit and tell its position from 21
st
to 30
th
. Use mango as
the point of reference and denote it as the 21
st
.

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
37
b. Ask the pupils to answer the exercises in Activities 1 and 2 in the LM.
Check pupils answers.

What are ordinal numbers? What do they tell?
How are they written?

Lead pupils to say that ordinal numbers are numbers that indicate the
position or order of an object or number in relation to other objects or
numbers.
When objects are placed in order, we use ordinal numbers
to tell their position.

To write ordinal numbers in symbol, use superscript letters st for
numerals with the number 1(1
st
, first), nd for numerals with the number 2
(2
nd
, second), rd for numerals with the number 3 (3
rd
, third), and th for
numerals with the number 4 and above (4
th
, fourth; 29
th
, twenty-ninth).

Examples of ordinal numbers are first, second, third, fourth, twenty-
ninth, eighty-eighth.

Ask the pupils to answer the exercises under Activity 3 in the LM.
Provide help as needed.

C. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to answer the exercises under Activity 4 in the LM. Check
pupils answers.

Answer Key: 9
th
, 13
th
, 21
st
, 26
th
, 44
th
, 50
th
, 67
th
, 71
st
, 91
st
, 93
rd
, 96
th
, 100
th

D. Home Activity
Ask the pupils to read and answer the problem under Activity 5 in the LM.
Tell pupils they need the 2012 calendar to solve the problem.

Answer Key:
A.1) Monday 2) Tuesday 3) Sunday 4) Wednesday
B. 1) Nelia Faye Aliza Mary J oy, then Aliza is the 3
rd
2) 72
3) a. Tuesday b. Thursday

Lesson 9 Recognizing Coins and Bills up to PhP1 000

Week 3

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
38
Objective
Recognize coins and bills up to PhP1 000

Value Focus
Sharing and saving money

1. Reading and writing money through PhP100
2. Counting and telling the value of coins and bills up to PhP100

Materials
Philippine money or play money (bills and coins), flash cards


1. Drill

Count numbers orally through 100.
Skip count by 2s, 5s and 10s through 1 000.

2. Review
Lay the play money or real money of different denominations on the
table. Using flash cards, let pupils read the following and pick the
correct bill or coin that corresponds to each.

3. Motivation
Say: Nilo is counting the Philippine coins and bills he saved for one
year.
Show three 100-peso bills, one fifty-peso bill and four 20-peso bills.
Can you identify the bills and coins he has saved?

Let the pupils name the coins and bills that Nilo has.
Ask: What do you see in each of the Philippine coins and bills?

Show the following Philippine coins and bills one at a time. Call on
pupils to give the value of these coins and bills.

twenty-five centavos twenty pesos five pesos
five centavos ten centavos one peso
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
39

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

Tell pupils to describe each paper bill. (Let the pupils recognize the
paper bills by its markings, face and color.)
a. Twenty-pesos
b. Fifty pesos
c. One hundred pesos
d. Two hundred pesos
e. Five hundred pesos
f. One thousand pesos

Distribute play money (paper bills and models of different Philippine
coins) to the pupils. Tell them to examine the play money.

Ask: What picture can be seen on each side of the coins? the bills?
How fast can you recognize paper bills? Can you give their
exact amount?

Say: I have paper bills here. Identify them. (Flash the paper bills one
at a time and the pupils identify them).

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
40
How were you able to recognize each paper bill that fast?
(Possible answers: Each paper bill has a different color,
number/amount and image printed on it.)

For color:
orange for PhP20 red for PhP50
blue for PhP100 green for PhP200
yellow for PhP500 violet for PhP1 000

How about the coins, how are they different from one another?
(Let the pupils describe each coin.)

Form pupils into two groups and have them do Activity 1 in the LM.
Check their answers. Group 1 will answer Activity 1 A and Group 2
Activity I B.

Check if pupils can recall the images in the paper bills. Have them use
their Show Me boards to answer Activity 2 in the LM.

Ask: What features of the paper bill will help you identify or recognize
it?
How are the coins different from one another?
Aside from the marked amount, paper bills can be recognized by their
colors and the faces of some Filipino heroes printed on them.

The coins can be recognized by their marked amount, sizes, color and
images or faces printed on one side of the coin.

A. Ask the pupils to read and answer the questions in Activity 3 in the
LM. Discuss how the pupils get the answers.
Answer Key: 1) one 100-peso bill, two 20-peso bills, five 5-peso
coins; PhP145 2) 14 3) PhP100; one 50-peso bill, two 20-peso bills,
two 5-peso coins

B. Show a picture of a child saving money.

Ask: Why is the child saving money? Is it
good to save money? Why?
Do you also save money? Why?

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
41

C. Evaluation
Have pupils match the paper bill with the names of the heroes printed on
the bill under Activity 4 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) D 2) C 3) E 4) B 5) F

D. Home Activity
Ask pupils to identify the paper bills and coins in Activity 5 in the LM.

Answer Key: 1) one 100-peso bill, one 50-peso bill, two one-peso coins
2) one 100-peso bill, one 10-peso coin, one 5-peso coin, two 1-peso coins
3) one 500-peso bill, one 200-peso bill, two 100-peso bills, five 5-peso coins
4) one 20-peso bill, one 100-peso bill, one 500-peso bill
5) one 1000-peso bill, one 50-peso bill

Lesson 10 Reading and Writing Money in Symbols and in
Words

Week 3

Objective
Read and write money in symbols and in words through PhP1 000 in pesos
and centavos

Value Focus
Honesty, Thriftiness

1. Reading and writing numbers up to PhP1 000
2. Reading and writing money in symbols up to PhP100
3. Recognizing coins and bills up to PhP1 000

Materials
Philippine money or play money (bills and coins), flash cards, pictures of
tagged items or goods, Show Me boards



1. Drill
Reading numbers using flash cards

Call 2 pupils to stand at the back. Flash each card. The first to read the
number correctly will step forward. The first to reach the designated
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
42
line wins. Then, call another pair of contestants. Do this as snappily as

possible.

Sample number cards:

2. Review
Use real money to review pupils in recognizing the different values of
the different denominations of Philippine coins and bills through
PhP1 000.

3. Motivation
Play the relay game, Super Sale.

Form two groups of five members each. Give each group a shirt and a
notebook with a tag price up to PhP100. Put a tray of coins and bills in
front. Each member of the group will get a coin or a bill from the tray
then goes back to his/her group for the next player to do the same.
Follow the same procedure for the other item. The first group to get the
amount equivalent to the tag price of each item wins.
Group A notebook T-shirt

Group B notebook T-shirt


Give this situation:
Amanda accompanied her mother in going to the market. After
buying an item, mother got her change of several paper bills and
coins. She asked Amanda to count if the change was correct.
Amanda noted that the change given were paper bills of different
colors and coins of different sizes:

Paper bills Coins

5 orange bills 5 silver color coins

PhP98
PhP100
PhP27
PhP35
164 376 511 409 918 1000
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April 10, 2014
43

2 red bills 3 gold color coins

1 yellow bill

Say: Lets help Amanda count the change. Call on one pupil to read
the bills and the coins.

Ask: How much is the change in all?
What is the symbol for peso? for centavo?

Tell pupils to write on their drill board the amount in words and in
symbol.

Ask: What paper bills and coins were included in the change
counted by Amanda?

Tell pupils to count the number of each kind of paper bills and coins
and write the partial amount on their drill board.

5 orange paper bills = PhP100 5 silver colored coins = PhP5

2 red paper bills = PhP100 3 gold colored coins = PhP15

1 yellow paper bill = PhP500

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
44

Write the partial amounts on the board and have pupils read them.
PhP100 PhP5 PhP100 PhP15 PhP500

Tell the class to add the amounts. Call one pupil to write the amount in
symbol and another to read the total amount. (PhP720)
Say: The total amount of change is seven hundred twenty pesos.

Call on pupils to answer.
How many paper bills did mother receive? How many coins?
What did you do to easily count the change?
What is the total amount of change?
What symbol/sign do we use in writing money in different
denominations?
Explain the importance of using the peso sign in writing money in
symbol.

a. Put strips of paper under pupils chairs before the class starts. Tell
one pupil to look under his/her chair and read what is written, while
another pupil writes it on the board. Ask the class if it was read or
written correctly. Do the same with the rest of the strips. Emphasize
that the decimal point is read as and.

PhP250.50
PhP348.75
One hundred twenty-six and
25 centavos
PhP986.20
Eight hundred fifty and fifty
centavos
PhP380.75
PhP798.25
Five hundred eighty-nine
and ninety centavos
PhP675.55
Nine hundred thirty-five and
twenty-five centavos
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
45

b. Ask pupils to form four groups. Distribute play money to pupils and
buy the items listed with their money. Refer them to Activity 1 in the
LM. Guide pupils in doing the exercise.
c. Read the cost of each item. Then, write the amount in your
notebook. e.g.

How do we read and write money in symbol through PhP1 000?

We read and write money in words and symbols.
In writing the symbols, we write first the peso sign.
We use PhP for peso.
A period is used to separate pesos and centavos.
The point is read as and.

Example:
Written in words: twenty-five pesos and fifty centavos
Written in symbol: PhP25.50

a. Ask pupils to answer the exercises in Activity 2 in the LM. Give other
exercises when deemed necessary.
Answer Key:
1) a. many possible combinations b. 2 five hundred-peso bills
2) a. 5 one hundred-peso bills b. 10 fifty-peso bills
3) a. 1 two hundred-peso bill b. 2 one hundred-peso bills
4) 1 two hundred-peso bills, 1 one hundred-peso bills and 3 ten-
peso coins
5) 1 five hundred-peso bill, 2 two hundred-peso bills, 1 fifty-peso bill
and 4 ten-peso coins

b. Tell pupils to list down at least five things that their mother buys in
the market or the grocery store like salt, sugar and oil. Let them
indicate the price beside the item and write how much money
their mother should have to be able to buy the items.

C. Evaluation
PhP280.75 PhP550.25 PhP399.95
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April 10, 2014
46
Give the exercises in Activity 3 in the LM, first the oral then the written
exercises.
Answer Key:
B. 1) PhP416.00 2) PhP285.00 3) PhP713.15 4) PhP834.11
5) PhP922.16

D. Home Activity
Have pupils work on Activity 4 at home. Discuss pupils answers in class.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 150 pesos and 25 centavos 2) 212 pesos and 75 centavos
3) 763 pesos and 50 centavos 4) 874 pesos and 25 centavos
5) 946 pesos and 50 centavos
B. 1) PhP641.25 2) eight hundred pesos and fifteen centavos
3) PhP356.13 4) five hundred five pesos and five centavos
5) PhP428.30
Lesson 11 Comparing Money through PhP500

Week 4

Objective
Compare values of the different denominations of coins and bills through
PhP500 using relation symbols

Value Focus
Wise spending

1. Comparing whole numbers using relation symbols
2. Identifying value of money in bills and coins
3. Reading and writing money in symbols through PhP500

Materials
Pictures of items with tag prices, Show Me board, flash cards



1. Drill
Give practice on reading money in symbols through PhP500. Use flash
cards as snappily as possible.

2. Review
Using your Show Me boards, write the money in symbol as shown in
each strip of paper. Then, read the amount of money you wrote.
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
47

3. Motivation
Call on one boy and one girl in front while the rest of the class observe.
Show real money of different denominations. As much as possible,
show them the old and new faces or versions of Philippine money that
are both still in use.
Say: Lets suppose I am your father and I am giving you your
allowance for one week.

Give the boy one 100-peso bill and one 50-peso bill. Give the girl two
50-peso bills, two 20-peso bills and one ten-peso bill.

Ask: How much did the girl receive?
How much did the boy receive?

Give another situation:
The jeepney fare from your house to your school is twelve pesos while
your classmates fare for a tricycle ride from their house to the same
school is fifteen pesos. Who pays more for the ride?


Ask: In the first situation above, who received more allowance, the
boy or the girl?
How much did the boy receive? What about the girl?
How did you compare the amounts they received? (Start from
the digits with the biggest place value then add the amounts.)

In the second situation, how much fare was paid for the
jeepney? for the tricycle?
Which fare was more? Which was less?
How would you compare the fares?

One hundred-seven pesos
Two hundred forty-one pesos
Three hundred thirteen pesos and thirty-two centavos
Two hundred eighty-six pesos and fifty-five centavos
Four hundred-six pesos and sixty centavos
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
48
Have pupils work in groups. Give each group two sets of paper bills
and/or coins. Have them tell the value of each set. Then, ask which
among each set has a bigger value. You may use play money.

Set A Set B

1)

2)

3)

4)

Ask: How will you compare the values of each set of coins and bills?
(Elicit from the students the use of greater than and less than.)

Say: This time I will say two amounts of money. Compare their
amounts by writing <, >, or = on your drill boards.

Set A Set B

1. PhP50.50 ____ PhP50.75

2. PhP98.00 ____ PhP68.25

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April 10, 2014
49
3. PhP126.25 ____ PhP89.90

4. PhP186.00 ____ PhP159.00

5. PhP350.50 ____ PhP435.00

Ask: In which activity is it easier for you to compare amounts of
money? Why?

Ask: What relation symbols did we use in comparing money?
When do we use >? What about the symbol <? the symbol =?

How do we compare the values of money?
Why is it important to learn to compare values of Philippine
coins and bills? On what occasions do we use this skill?

4. Reinforcing the Activity
Let the pupils work in pairs. Show the items with their corresponding
amounts. Then answer the questions that follow.

PhP499.00 PhP95.50 PhP350.00 PhP199.95 PhP190.95

Ask: Which item is the cheapest?
Which item is the most expensive?
Which is cheaper, the bag or the umbrella?
Which is more expensive, the sunglasses or the shirt?

If you have PhP500.00, which items would you buy? Why?
What did you consider in choosing those items to be bought?
Ask your partner which items he/she would buy and why.

Have pupils count the bills and coins then write the relation symbol for
each pair in Activity 1 in the LM.

Ask pupils to write the relation symbols between each pair of amounts
under Activity 2 in the LM.

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
50

Ask: What symbols do we use to show the relation of the value of
money?
Use the symbols >, <, = to show the relation of the value of
money.

How do we compare value of money?
Know the value/amount of money before comparing them.
Start comparing the digits from the biggest place value to
the least place value.

Group the class into four. Give each group 3 pairs of envelope
containing bills and coins. (Use play money).

Ask them to count and compare the two amounts of money in each
pair.
Let them write the facts in number sentences.

Example: PhP79.25 > PhP65.05

Ask each group to report their work in the class.

Ask the pupils to answer the exercises under Activity 3 in the LM.

Answer Key:
A. 1) PhP23 < PhP25 2) PhP60.40 > PhP60 3) PhP250 > PhP140
4) PhP500 > PhP250
B. 1) PhP645.50 > PhP280.75
2) PhP399.95 < PhP540.95
3) PhP698.95 > Php295.45

C. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to compare the denominations of bills and coins in Activity 4
in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) PhP110.00 < PhP140.00
2) PhP270.00 > PhP200.00
3) PhP320.00 < PhP500.00
4) PhP470.00 > PhP400.00
5) PhP450.00 < PhP500.00

D. Home Activity
Ask the pupils to work on the exercises in Activity 5 at home. Tell pupils to
ask the help of their parents. Check pupils answers.

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April 10, 2014
51

Lesson 12 Comparing Money through PhP1 000

Week 4

Objective
Compare values of the different denominations of coins and bills through
PhP1 000

Value Focus
Thrift

Prerequisite Skills
1. Comparing whole numbers using relation symbols
2. Identifying value of money in bills and coins
3. Comparing values of the different denominations of coins and bills
through PhP500 using relation symbols

Materials
Pictures of Items with tag prices, Show-Me Board, flash cards, chart, play
money


1. Drill
Comparing numbers in symbols using >, <, =.
Do this as snappily as possible.

2. Review
Use different denominations of money (teacher-made or play money)
to have an equal value with the money in the table. Paste them in the
space provided. The first one has been done for you to follow.
Money Symbol Different Denominations

=

=

300
800 820
950 899
418
455
409
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
52

=

=

=

3. Motivation
Ask the pupils the fruit bearing trees they have in their backyard.
Ask further what they do with the fruits, especially when their harvest is
more than they can consume.
Call on volunteers to name the common fruits that are being sold in
the market.


Present this situation on a chart.

Mother is planning to go to market. She has the following paper
bills and coins inside her wallet:

She asked father for additional money so he looked inside his
wallet and found these:

1. How much is in mothers wallet? What combinations of bills
and coins are there?

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April 10, 2014
53
(PhP336.25; Combinations of: one 100-peso bill, one 200-

peso bill, one 20-peso bill, one 10-peso coin, one 5-peso
coin, one 1-peso coin, two ten-centavo coins, and one five-
centavo coin)

2. How about father, what bills and coins are in his wallet? How
much does he have?

(Combinations of one 200-peso bill, two 100-peso bills, one
50-peso bill, two 1-peso coins, two 25-centavo coins, one 10-
centavo coin, and one 5-centavo coin; PhP452.65)

Let the pupils answer the questions in the situation given. Lead them to
arrive at the answer to the problem by enumerating first the different
denominations of bills and coins and then their corresponding values.
Have the pupils work in pairs.
Ask: Who has more money, mother or father?
If you are to count the number of bills and coins, how many bills
and coins does mother have? (3 bills and 6 coins)

How about father, how many bills and coins are in his wallet?
(4 bills and 6 coins)

So, why cant we say that father has more money when he has
more bills and coins than mother?

Say: Let us compare their money by giving the value of the
denominations each of them has.

Let us look at the table.

Bills Value Amount
of bills
Coins Value Amount
of coins
Total
amount
Mother 1 PhP200
1 PhP100
1 PhP20

PhP200
PhP100
PhP20
PhP320 1 PhP10
1 PhP5
1 PhP1
2 10
1 5
PhP10
PhP5
PhP1
20
5

PhP16.25 PhP336.25
Father 1 PhP200
2 PhP100
1 PhP50
PhP200
PhP200
PhP50
PhP450 2 PhP1
2 25
1 10
1 5
PhP2
50
10
5
PhP2.65 PhP452.65

Ask: Is there another way to compare their money? How?
Is the recognition of Philippine money bills and coins important in
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
54
comparing values of different denominations of bills and coins?

Why?

Divide the class into 4 groups and have them act out the situation and
come out with a final scene. (Different possibilities)

Guide them by asking: Will mother proceed in going to market? What
items or goods could she buy?

a. Divide the class into 2 groups and work on these activities (written
on an index card), then give each group an envelope which
contains play money bills and coins (do not include PhP1 000 bill).

Group 1: How would you make PhP1 000 with the fewest bills and
coins?

Show it in 2 different combinations.

Bills Coins
Set 1
Set 2

Group 2: How would you make PhP1 000 with the fewest bills?
Show it in 2 different combinations

Bills Coins
Set 1
Set 2

(After checking their answers and if there is still time, ask the two
groups to exchange their index cards and work on the activity first
done by the other group.)

b. Ask the pupils to answer Activity 1 in the LM.

Ask: How do we compare values of different denomination of bills and
coins?

We should know the amount of money before comparing
them. We start comparing the digits on the biggest place
value to the least place value.
Write the value of each kind of bills and coins, then add.
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
55
Use the symbols >, <, = to show the relation of the value of
money.

6. Applying a New and Other Situations
Ask the pupils to answer Activity 2 in the LM.
Answer Key: Answers vary
Example: 1) four 100-peso bills, one 10-peso coin, one 1-peso coin
2) one 200-peso bill, one 50-peso bill, one 20-peso bill, one 1-peso coin,
one 25-centavo coin

C. Evaluation
Ask pupils to answer Activities 3 and 4 in the LM. Check pupils answers.
Answer Key:
Activity 3: 1)PhP600.00 > PhP450.00 2) Php550.00 < PhP580.00
Activity 4: 1)1 000 pieces 2) 100 pieces 3) 10 pieces 4) 5 pieces
5)2 pieces
D. Home Activity
Ask the pupils to answer the tasks in Activity 5 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) Answers vary, Ex. one 500-peso bill, four 100-peso bills, one
25-centavo coin 2) answers depend on the prevailing prices of the items
in the community

Lesson 13 Adding 3- to 4-Digit Numbers without Regrouping

Week 4

Objective
Add 3- to 4-digit digit numbers up to three addends with sums up to 10 000
without regrouping

Value Focus
Cleanliness

Adding 2- to 3-digit numbers up to two addends with sums up to 1 000
without regrouping

Materials
Flash cards, number cards 09, printed exercises and story problem, place
value chart


DRAFT
April 10, 2014
56

1. Drill
Play a Bring Me game to drill on addition basic facts using flash
cards.

Form pupils into two groups of 10 pupils each. Give each pupil
number cards 09.
Say these addition facts to pupils.

1. Bring me 12 + 10
2. Bring me 9 + 8
3. Bring me 14 + 32
4. Bring me 41 + 11
5. Bring me 23 + 40

For each round, the pupils must bring the card with the correct
answer to the number problem.
The first group to bring the correct number card gets a point.
The first group to score five points wins the game.

2. Review
Write the letter of the correct answer to the addition problem on the
chalkboard.

1) 214
+ 21
a. 235 b. 532 c. 325 d. 523

2) 214
+ 123
a. 316 b. 337 c. 349 d. 637

3) 365
+ 412
a. 767 b. 677 c. 778 d. 777
Answer Key: 1) a 2) b 3) d

3. Motivation

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
57

Show the picture or similar picture to the class.
Ask: What is the picture all about?
How would you help maintain the cleanliness in your
community? in your school?
Lets see whose desks will remain clean up to the last minute of
the class.


Present this problem.
In response to the municipalitys Clean and Green campaign,
the Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts of Barangay Malinis held a tree planting
activity. They planted 1 432 narra seedlings, 3 124 mahogany
seedlings and 1 300 ipil-ipil seedlings. How many seedlings did they
plant in all?
Ask: What was the campaign of the municipality?
Who participated in the municipal campaign?
What did they plant?
How many of these seedlings were planted?
narra seedlings _______
mahogany seedlings _______
ipil-ipil seedlings _______

Lead the pupils in analyzing the problem. Illustrate the problem using
flats, longs and ones.
Express the grouping into symbols by writing the equivalent numbers
into expanded form.
Add the numbers in expanded form. Then write the sum in standard
form.

Expanded form:

1432
3124
+ 1300
5856
=
=
=
1000 + 400 + 30 + 2
3000 + 100 + 20 + 4
1000 + 300 + 00 + 0
5000 + 800 + 50 + 6 = 5 856

Present another way of adding numbers. Put the given numbers in the
place value chart before adding them. Emphasize that the numbers
must be written in the appropriate column, otherwise they will arrive at
the wrong answers.

1 4 3 2
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April 10, 2014
58
3
1
1
3
2
0
4
0

Do the steps one at a time.

First: Add the ones. 1 432
3 124
1 300
6
Next: Add the tens. 1 432
3 124
1 300
56

Then: Add the
hundreds
1 432
3 124
1 300
856
Finally: Add the
thousands.
1 432
3 124
1 300
5 856
Present more examples. Do the steps one at a time. Stress that the
numbers must be written first in their appropriate column.

Write the addends in column form with the digits properly aligned.
Then find the sum. Write your answers in your notebook.
1) 1 150 + 2 034 + 2 011 (answer: 5 195)
2) 1 131 + 1 140 + 1 023 (answer: 3 294)
3) 2 032 + 1 221 + 1 212 (answer: 4 465)
4) 1 213 + 1 331 + 3 124 (answer: 5 668)

Ask: What steps do we follow in adding numbers?
Explain the steps in adding numbers. Remind pupils to always align the
numbers in their proper columns.

Have pupils answer the exercises under Activity 1 on their papers.
Answer Key:
1) 14 687 2) 8 343 3) 9 333

Ask: What should be done first before adding 3to 4digit numbers?
How do we add 3- to 4-digit numbers up to three addends with sums
up to 10 000?
Before adding, write first the numbers in their proper columns.
To add whole numbers with 3 to 4 digits, add the ones first, next
add the tens, then the hundreds, and lastly, the thousands.

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
59
Ask the pupils to read the sheet under Activity 2 in the LM on the
number of enrolment in Gen. Gregorio del Pilar Elementary School.
Have them write their computations on their paper.
Answer Key:
1) 4 222 2) 3 566 3) 6 588 4) a. 4 655 b. 5 444 c. 5 688
5) school year 2012

C. Evaluation
Tell pupils to answer Activity 3 in the LM. Have them write the numbers in
column before finding the sum. Let them write the answer on their paper.

Answer Key:
1) 3 052
4 614
+ 1 231
8 897
2) 5 143
1 705
+ 2 030
8 878
3) 1 672
3 104
+ 4 123
8 899
4) 6 084
1 703
+ 2 112
9 899
5) 5 416
1 370
+ 1 003
7 789
D. Home Activity
Let the pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM at home. Ask them to look at
the picture before answering the questions.

Answer Key: 1) 60 2) 150 3) 120 4) 455

Lesson 14 Adding 3- to 4-Digit Numbers with Regrouping

Week 4

Objective
Add 3- to 4-digit digit numbers up to three addends with sums up to 10 000
with regrouping

Value Focus
Value of recycling things

1. Adding 2 3 digit numbers up to two addends with sums up to 1 000 with
regrouping
2. Addends with sum up to 1 000
3. Adding 3 to 4digit numbers up to 10 000 without regrouping

Materials
Printed exercise, chalkboards


DRAFT
April 10, 2014
60

1. Drill
Pair pupils. Play a relay game Name the Babies.
Say aloud: The name of the mother is 12. Name the babies. (Pupils will
give addition combinations that will give 12 as the sum). The pair who
would give the correct answer first wins a point. The pair with the most
points wins the game.

2. Review
A. Answer the following questions:
1) What is 27 more than 15? (42)
2) What is the sum of 216 and 248? (464)
3) If one of the addends is 19 and the sum si 43, what is the other
addend? (24)
4) If you add 72 and 18, what is the total? (90)
5) What is 138 increased by 15? (153)
6) If the sum is 12, what are the two possible even addends that
you can give? How about two odd addends? (even: 6 & 6, 8 &
4, 10 & 2; for odd addends: 3 & 9, 5 & 7, 11 & 1)
Add:
1) 1 415
5 423
+ 2 041
2) 1 310
2 301
+ 1 211
3) 1 246
3 120
+ 4 212
4) 5 332
2 501
+ 1 023
5) 1 243
3 223
+ 1 100
Answer Key: 1) 8 879 2) 4 822 3) 8 578 4) 8 856 5) 5 566

3. Motivation
Who among you reads newspapers? What does your family do with
the newspapers?
Why do you need to recycle them?
What is the value of recycling at home?


Story Problem
Have the pupils listen to a story problem.

The primary pupils of Masaya Elementary School brought plastic
bottles to support the schools Plastic Bottle Fund Drive.

Ask: What did the pupils bring?
Why did they bring plastic bottles?
Let the pupils give the number of plastic bottles brought by
each grade.

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
61
Plastic Bottle Fund Drive

Grade Plastic Bottles
(Contribution)
Kinder
Grade I
Grade II
Grade III
834
1 272
1 321
2 526

Have the pupils study the table and let them answer the following
questions:

1. Who bought the most plastic bottles?
2. Who bought the least?
3. How many plastic bottles did the pupils bring in all? (5 953)
4. How did you come up with your answer?

Guide the pupils in analyzing the problem. Have them write the
numbers on the place value chart.

Emphasize the importance of putting numbers in proper column.
Copy the numbers the way they are written. Show how addition is
done from right to left.
Emphasize the process of regrouping on a certain place, that is
regrouping is done when the sum of the numbers in a place is ten or
more.

Have the pupils study and follow the steps in adding numbers with
regrouping.
Step 1
Add the ones.
4 + 2 + 1 + 6 = 13
Rename 13 as 1 ten
and 3 ones.
Regroup I1 to the tens
place.

1
834
1 272
1 321
2 526
3
Step 2
Add the tens.
1 + 3 + 7 + 2 + 2 = 15
Rename 15 as 1
hundred and 5 tens.
Write 5 under the
tens column.
Regroup 1 to the
hundreds place.
1 1
834
1 272
1 321
2 526
53

Step 3
Add the hundreds.
1 + 8 + 2 + 3 + 5 = 19
1 1
1 834
1 272
Step 4
Add the thousands.
1 + 1 + 1 + 2 = 5
1 1
1 834
1 272

1
1
2
8
2
3
5
3
7
2
2
4
2
1
6
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April 10, 2014
62
Rename 19 as 1
thousand and 9
hundreds.
Write 9 under the
hundreds column.
Regroup 1 to the
thousands place.
1 321
2 526
953
Write 5 under the
thousands column.
1 321
2 526
5 953

Ask the children to use the same procedure in solving/answering the
questions in the presentation of the table.

Present other exercises for children to work on.
3 572
2 415
+ 973
2 125
2 553
2 321
+ 2 432

Answer Key: 6 960 and 9 431

2. Performing Activities
Work in Pairs.
Arrange the numbers in each box in column then add and check.

1 614, 1 948, 1 321 1 742, 326, 3 287

2 641, 1 376, 2 213 4 231, 1 323, 1 264

742, 5 411, 3 211

Individual Activity

1) 2 344
1 265
+ 526
2) 678
4 324
+ 1 125

3. Processing the Skills
Ask: How did you add the numbers in each box?
How did you arrange them?
Where did you start adding?
What did you do when you got a sum of 10 or more in one
column?
In which place was regrouping done?

Let the pupils do the exercises in Activity 1 in the LM. Have them write
their answers on their paper.
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April 10, 2014
63
Answer key: 1) d 2)a 3)d 4) b 5)a

How do we add 3- to 4-digit numbers with three addends with
regrouping?

Refer pupils to Activity 2 in the LM. Ask them to look at the number
chart to find out the total number. Let them do the activity on their
own paper.

Answer Key:
1) a. 4 758 b. 2 388 c. 2 647 d. 5 097 e. 5 601

C. Evaluation
Have pupils do Activity 3 in the LM. Assess the result of the test.
Answer Key: 1) 5 254 2) 7 716 3) 16 236 4) 8 928 5) 5 621

D. Home Activity
Let the pupils copy the exercises under Activity 4 and Activity 5 in their
notebooks. Ask them to work on them at home.
Answer Key:
Activity 4 -1) 1 779 2) 3 965 3) 7 473 4) 6 717 5) 5 717 6) PhP4 560.00
Activity 5 - 1) PhP43.00 2) PhP40.00 3) No, because she only has
PhP25.00 and the total cost of the snack is PhP35.00.
4) PhP60.00 for sopas, pansit and hot chocolate or sandwich

Lesson 15 Estimating Sums of 3- to 4-Digit Addends

Week 5

Objective
Estimate the sum of 3- to 4-digit addends using appropriate strategies

Value Focus
Entrepreneurship

Before adding, write first numbers in column.
To add whole number with 3- to 4-digit, add the ones first,
next add the tens, then the hundreds and lastly, the
thousands.
Regroup if needed.
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
64
Rounding off numbers

Materials
Printed exercises, chalkboards, number wheels



1. Drill
Group pupils into tens
a. Give each group a chalkboard.
b. Let the pupils listen attentively as you give a word problem.
c. Members of the group will work cooperatively to come up with the
correct answer.
d. The group with the most correct answers wins the game.

Word problems to be asked:
a. What is the sum of 9 and 6? (15)
b. What number is 4 more than 8?(12)
c. Combine 7 and 6. (13)
d. Think of two numbers whose sum is 14. (1&13,2&12,3&11etc)
e. Think of two addends whose sum is 18. (1&17,2&16,3&13.etc)

2. Review
Let a pupil pick a card in the box and answer the written exercise on it
orally.

1500 + 100 300 + 200 2000 + 100 3800 + 100 260 + 110

3. Motivation
Distribute Show Me boards to the pupils. Show the number wheels.
Spin the wheels and let pupils see where the pointer stops. Instruct
them to round the number where the pointer stops.

When the pointer stops at the

white part of the wheel, round off
the number to the nearest tens.
When it stops on the black, round
the number to the nearest
hundreds.
When the pointer stops at the
white part of the wheel, round off
the number to the nearest
hundreds. When it stops on the
black, round to the nearest
thousands.

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
65


Show the pupils these segments of the number line.

A.

B.

Have them study each segment of the number line. Ask from what
number each one starts with and ends. (Set A starts with 100 and ends
with 200/starts with 200 and ends with 300) (Set B starts with 1000 and
ends with 2000/starts with 2000 and ends with 3000.)

Call on volunteers to plot 142 and 253 on the number lines.
Ask: In which hundred is 142 nearer? (100)
In which hundred is 253 nearer? (300)

Call on volunteers to plot 1942 and 2535 on the number lines.
Ask: In which thousand is 1942 nearer? (2000)
In which thousand is 2535 nearer? (3000)

Tell them that the numbers were rounded to the nearest hundreds and
nearest thousands.

Ask other pupils to write the rounded off numbers on the board then
add.
Have them come up with the following:
A. 100 + 300 = 400
B. 2000 + 3000 = 5000

100 120 140 160 180 200
200 220 240 260 280 300
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
66
Have the pupils compare the actual sum with the estimated sum.

Present other examples:

486
+ 312
5 425
+ 1 238

Ask pupils to identify the hundreds or thousands each number is
closest.
486 5 425
312 1 238
Then, recall the rules of rounding numbers using the given numbers.
Lead the pupils to find out that the numbers are rounded in their
highest/greatest place value.

Given
Numbers
Rounded
Numbers
Given
Numbers
Rounded
Numbers
486
312
798

Actual Sum
500
300
800

Estimated
Sum
5 125
1 238
6 363

Actual
Sum
5 000
1 000
6 000

Estimated
Sum
The estimated sum may either be larger or smaller than the exact sum.
The estimated sum is very close to the value of the exact sum.

Perform the activity in pair.
Estimate the sum to the nearest:
hundreds thousands
1) 532
+526
2) 2 345
+ 3 637

3. Processing the Skills
Ask:
1. To what place value was the number 532 rounded? How about
526?
2. To what place value were the numbers in item 2 rounded? Why?
3. What rules in rounding should you remember?
4. What final step did you do to find the estimated sum?

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67
Hold a contest on estimating sums. The first three pupils to give the
answers quickly are the winners. Refer to the exercises in Activity 1 in
the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 8 500 2) 8 500 3)4 400 4)9 000 5)8 000

What steps do we follow in estimating the sum of 3- to 4- digit
addends?

To estimate the sum up to 3- to 4- digit addends, round the numbers to
their greatest place value then add the rounded numbers.

Let pupils find the estimated sum and the actual sum in the exercises
under Activity 2 in the LM. Check pupils answers.

Answer Key:
Estimates Actual Sum Good Estimates?
1) 2 000 2 179 Yes
2) 5 700 5 302 Yes
3) 8 000 8 086 Yes
4) 4 000 3 830 Yes
5) 8 000 8 564 No

C. Evaluation
Ask pupils to read the situation in Activity 3 of the LM. Have them answer
the questions that follow. Let them do this on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 4 000 2) 2 900 3) 2 800 4) a. 2 800 b. 4 000
5) a. 8 370 b. 7 700 or 8 000

D. Home Activity
Ask pupils to work on Activity 4 in the LM at home. Check pupils answers.
Answer Key: 1) PhP20 000 2) PhP11 013 3) PhP15 000 4) PhP14 000
5)Store C PhP9 000

Lesson 16 Adding 1- to 2-Digit Numbers Mentally without
and with Regrouping

Week 5

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
68
Objective
Add mentally 1- to 2-digit numbers without or with regrouping using
appropriate strategies

Value Focus
Helpfulness and industry

1. Addition basic facts
2. Adding multiples of 10s
3. Place value and value of 2-digit whole numbers
4. Adding 2-digit numbers without and with regrouping

Materials
2- digit numbers and exercises printed in cards, boxes of toys/playthings, 2
boxes of marbles



1. Drill
Game: Sit Down

Ask all pupils to stand near their desks/chairs.
Flash some domino cards. Pupils give their answers.
The first pupils to give the correct answer will sit down.

Flash the cards. Pupils tell the value of the underlined digit.

Flash these number cards. Pupils state their answers orally.

30
+ 50
20
+ 40
10
+ 70
50
+ 10
40
+ 30
2. Review
34 67 29 3 8 37
3 + 2 4 + 4 6 + 3 5 + 5 2 + 7
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April 10, 2014
69
Have the pupils solve and write the answer to these exercises using
chalkboards or Show Me boards.

a. 27 more than 31 is what number? (58)
b. 35 increased by the sum of 6 and 8 is equal to what number? (49)
c. 42 added to 45 is equal to what number? (87)
d. Combine 16 and 51. (67)
e. Write the sum of 84 and 12. (96)

3. Motivation
Show a box of toys.
Ask pupil volunteers to pick some toys they like most from the box.
Have them tell the class their reason for choosing the toy.


Tell pupils this story about two brothers.

Ask: Who are the brothers?
Why did their father give them rewards?
What reward was given to them?
How many were given to Arvin? to Nico?

Present the two boxes with marbles to the pupils.
Call two volunteers to count the marbles in each box.

Ask: What would you do to find the total number of marbles?
Lead the pupils to give the answer by putting together and
counting all the marbles in the two boxes.
Have one volunteer write the addition sentence on the board:

24 + 35 = n

Arvin and Nico are brothers. Both received a box of
marbles from their father as reward for helping him clean the
yard. Arvin counted 24 marbles in his box. Nico counted 35
marbles. How many marbles do they have in all?
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Call on other pupils to write the numbers on the board in column

and find the sum.
Have other pupils check the answer. See to it that they get 59
marbles as the answer.
Have pupils see that the given addends can also be solved
mentally using some strategies.
Tell them that through these strategies they would be able to
perform the addition in their mind.

Write the addition equation again on the board.
24 + 35 = n
Tell pupils that they will be using the frontend addition strategy to
be able to add the numbers mentally.
Check that the pupils understand what the numbers really mean.

Have the pupils see 3 as 30 and 2 as 20.

Let them follow these steps:

1. Split up each number to its place value.

24 + 35
(20 + 4) + (30 + 5)

2. Add the tens, and then add the ones.

(20 + 30) + (4 + 5)
50 + 9

3. Put together the tens and the ones.

50 + 9 = 59

With this strategy, pupils will see that 59 is not a simple number of 5
and 9 but a sum of 50 and 9.

Show them another way of doing this strategy.

Think: 24 + 35 50 + 9
20 + 30 = 50
4 + 5 = 9
59 59

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Try another example. This time, adding numbers mentally with

regrouping.

Have them write 46 + 38 on the board.
Have the pupils see 4 as 40 and 3 as 30.

Let them follow these steps:

46 + 38
1. Split each number as to its place value.

46 + 38
(40 + 6) + (30 + 8)

2. Add the ones.

6 + 8 = 14 (Think: 14 = 10 + 4

3. Add the tens and ones.

(40 + 30 + 10) + 4
80 + 4

4. Put together the tens and ones.

80 + 4 = 84

Have pupils work in pairs.
Ask them to work with their partners in giving the answers to the
exercises in the table like the one shown below.
Instruct them to use any of the strategies they learned in computing for
the answer mentally.

Addends Sum
1) 26 42
2) 14 65
3) 35 51
4) 48 37
5) 63 18

Ask: Which digits in item no. 1 are the ones digits? the tens digits?
Ask the same questions for items 2 to 5.
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How were the addends in item no. 1 split as to their place

values?
Let the pupils answer the same questions for items 2 to 5.

How would you know that regrouping should be done in order
to find the answer?
Which values were added first in item numbers 1, 2, and 3?
Which were added next?
What was done as the last step?
Which values were added first in item numbers 3, 4, and 5?
Why do you think this was done first?
Which were added next?
What was done as the last step?

Refer pupils to Activity 1 in the LM. Have them give each sum orally.
Tell them that knowing at once when to regroup is very important and
should become automatic. Instruct them to place paper upside down
and wait for the signal for them to start answering. Set a timer. Then,
give the signal.
Answer Key: 1) 26 2) 55 3) 64 4) 44 5) 61

Emphasize the rule of not using paper and pencil computations.
How do we add mentally?

Lead the pupils in saying:

Have pupils work on activity 2 in the LM. Ask the pupils to solve the
word problems mentally.
Answer Key: 1) 40 2) 60 3) 38 4) 39 5) 50

C. Evaluation
Let pupils perform the exercises under Activity 3 in the LM without using
paper and pencil. Then have them solve the number sentences in Activity
4. Tell pupils to write their answers on their papers. Evaluate the results.
Answer Key ( Activity 3)
To add 1 to 2digit numbers mentally:
First, split the numbers as tens and ones.
Add the tens, and then add the ones.
For addends that require regrouping, add the ones first then
the tens.
As a last step, add the tens and ones.
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1) 34 2) 52 3) 42 4) 40 5) 82

Answer Key ( Activity 4)
1) E 2) A 3) D 4) C 5) B

D. Home Activity
Tell pupils to count and add the following mentally. Have them write their
answers in their notebooks.
1. the number of classrooms in their school
2. the number of desks in two classrooms
3. the number of grade 3 teachers in their school

Lesson 17 Adding Mentally 2- to 3-Digit Numbers with
Multiples of Hundreds

Week 5

Objective
Add mentally 2- to 3-digit numbers with multiples of hundreds using

Value Focus
Sharing

1. Basic facts in addition
2. Place value through tens and hundreds
3. Adding multiples of 10

Materials
Story on the chart, numbers on a chart, number cards of 2 and 3digit
numbers



1. Drill
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Encircle the addends for the following sums. Addends can be 2 or

more.

1) 5
2) 9
3) 10
4) 12
5) 15

2. Review
Flash a set of number cards. Have the pupils identify the digits in the
tens place. Repeat the same procedure in letting them identify the
digits in the hundreds place. Announce the specific place to be
identified (tens and hundreds alternately) with the other set of cards.

Let them do these exercises.
Fill in the blanks with the correct number.

1) 30 = _______ tens and _______ ones
2) 50 = _______ tens and _______ ones
3) 70 = _______ tens and _______ ones
4) 100 = _______ tens and _______ ones
5) 400 = _______ tens and _______ ones

3. Motivation
Ask the pupils their birthdays. Talk about their ways of celebrating their
birthdays.


1. Presentation
Present this story problem.

Ask: Who celebrated her birthday?
How old is she now?
Who gave her a treat?
It was Enas 8
th
birthday. Her mother promised to give
her a simple treat. She bought 80 pieces of pandan
cupcakes and 100 pieces of buko cupcakes. How many
cupcakes did she buy in all?
3 5 8 7 2 8
2 6 9 5 1 7
7 2 0 6 5 3
9 3 4 3 6 4
1 4 1 9 0 9
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75
What did mother buy?

How many pieces of pandan cupcakes did mother buy?
How many pieces of buko cupcakes did mother buy?
How many cupcakes did she buy in all?
How would find out the total number of cupcakes mother
bought?

Ask volunteers to write the number sentence on the board.
Use the place value chart below in arriving at the answer.
Call on volunteers to plot the numbers on the place value chart.

Lead them to do the following steps:

Step 1: Hundreds Tens Ones
Add the ones. 8 0
1 0 0
Sum

Step 2 Hundreds Tens Ones
Add the tens.

8 0
1 0 0
8 0
Sum

Step 3 Hundreds Tens Ones
Add the hundreds 8 0
1 0 0
8 0
Sum

Thus 100 + 80 + 0 = 180

Tell pupils that there is a shorter way of arriving at the answer and this
can be done mentally.

Say: Add 100 + 80

Let them recall that 180 = 10 tens and 0 ones, and 8 tens and 0 ones.
Using the same steps in adding mentally, use the front-end strategy to
show them how addition is done mentally.

0
8
1
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Let them follow these steps used in the front-end strategy:

Add: 100 +80

Let them recall that 100 = 10 tens and 0 ones
and 80 = 8 tens and 0 ones

1. Adding the tens: 10 + 8 = 18
2. Annex/write the terminal zero,which means that there are zero
ones (since 0 + 0 = 0).
3. Annex/write the terminal zero after 18 180
Therefore, the anwer is 180.

In adding 3-digit numbers with multiples of hundreds, let them see
these steps:

Add: 400 + 700
1. Add the digits in the hundreds place which are 4 and 7.
4 + 7 = 11
2. Annex/write the two zeros after the sum. This means that there are
0 tens and 0 ones.
3. Annex/write the 2 terminal zeros 1 100
Therefore, the answer is 1 100.

Introduce a game for this activity.
Group pupils. Provide each group with activity cards like these.

20 + 10 =
400 + 20 =
800 + 600 =
90 + 300 =
50 + 10 =
500 + 40 =
900 + 30 =

Have them write the answers to the exercises within the shortest time
possible. The group to finish first and with the correct answers is the
winner.

Ask: What step was done first in adding multiples of tens and
hundreds? the multiples of tens? the multiples of hundreds?
What was done with terminal zero in the addends which are all
tens?
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What was done with terminal zero in the addends which are
tens and addends?
What was done with terminal zeros in the addends which are all
hundreds?

Ask the pupils to work on Activity 1 in the LM and find the addends
mentally.
Answer Key: 1) 450 2) 710 3) 890 4) 320 5) 600
6) 370 7) 650 8) 810 9) 440 10) 700

Ask: How do we add 2-digit and 3-digit numbers with multiples of
tens and hundreds mentally?


Have the pupils read each problem and let them give the correct
answer using mental addition.

a. Marion has read 302 pages of the 400 pages of his favorite book.
Her brother Jay lent him another book which she read at once.
She finished reading all 128 pages of the book in two days. How
many pages did she read in all? (430)

b. A 50-seater bus bus can carry up to 65 passengers both seated
and standing. Bus A had 60 passengers during its first trip in the
morning and Bus B had 59. How many passengers did the two
buses have altogether? (119)

c. In a small hospital, 35 babies were delivered in the first three months
of the year and 46 during the last three months. How many babies
were delivered in six months time? (81)

C. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to work on the exercises under Activity 2 in the LM. Have
them give the answers orally.
Answer Key: 1) 90 2) 70 3) 90 4) 260 5) 220 6) 330 7) 590 8) 680
9) 900 10) 900

D. Home Activity
In adding without regrouping 2-digit and 3-digit numbers with
multiples of tens and hundreds mentally, first we add the numbers
in the ones place, then the tens and lastly, the hundreds.
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Ask your parents help in doing the exercises below.

If your parents are working, ask how much your mother earns in a month
and how much your father earns at the same period. Add mentally the
total earnings of your parents.

Lesson 18 Solving Routine Problems involving Addition

Week 6

Objective
Solve routine problems involving addition of whole numbers with sums of 10
000 including money using appropriate problem solving strategies and tools

Value Focus
Awareness on the preservation of the environment

1. Concept of whole numbers
2. Concept of addition
3. Steps in problem solving

Materials
Illustration, problems printed on a chart, flash cards on addition of 2 and 3
digit numbers without or with regrouping



1. Drill
Use flash cards with addition of 2 and 3digit numbers without or with
regrouping which the pupils can answer orally. Call pupils at random
to answer each.
Add:
12
+ 8
20
+ 12
32
+ 16
13
+ 27
28
+ 24

2. Review
Present these problems on a chart. Ask pupils what they should do to
find the answer. How did they know? Let them give the answer orally.

a. Cliff picked 23 guavas. Mel picked 19. How many guavas were
picked in all?
What word tells you to add?
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b. Romy gathered 240 eggs in their farm last Saturday. He gathered

170 eggs on Sunday. How many eggs was he able to gather in two
days?
c. Nicolette was asked to count the books on a shelf. She counted 97
Math books and 40 Science books. How many books were there
on the shelf?

3. Motivation
Ask the pupils what plants or trees they have in their school garden.
Ask further what they do to maintain them.
Call on volunteers to name some plants which they have planted
themselves.
Talk about the importance of preserving the environment.


Present the problem to the class.

The pupils of two neighboring schools joined the School Greening
Project.

Show this illustration to the pupils.

School Greening Project
School Pupils Number

San Nicolas
Elem. School

____________

_______

San Roque
Elem. School

________________

_______

Legend: =1000
=100
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
80
=10
=1
Ask: How many pupils joined the project?
Which schools were mentioned in the problem?
How many pupils does San Nicolas Elementary have?
How many pupils does San Roque Elementary have?
How will you find the answer? Why?

Let the pupils give the number sentence for the illustration.
Have one pupil solve the problem on the board.

2 123
+ 2 645
4 768

Ask: How do we know that the answer to the problem is correct or
not?
Therefore, 4 768 pupils joined the project.

Have the pupils work in groups. Provide them with problems like these
in activity cards.

A. Draw pictures to represent the problem, then write a number
sentence for it and solve.

Saturdays Earnings Sundays Earnings

Amount __________

Amount __________

Total

B. Make a table for this problem.
Answer the questions that follow.

Aling Fely earned PhP1 115 from her sari-sari store last
Saturday and PhP1 035 on Sunday. How much money did
she earn in two days?
The population of Remelian Elementary School is 4 167

while that of Emarian Elementary School is 4 213. What is
the total population of the two schools?
DRAFT
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81

1. What is the school population of Remelian Elementary school?
the Emarian Elementary School?
2. How are you going to solve the problem? Why?
3. What is the number sentence for the problem?
4. How is the solution done?
5. How do we check the correctness of our answer?
6. What is the correct answer?

Have the group do the reporting.

Ask: How will you solve a problem? (Look for word clues.)
What should you find out? (What is needed in the problem, the
given facts, operation to use, number sentence)
How did you check the correctness of your answer?

Have the pupils to solve the problems under Activity 1 in the LM.
Remind them on how to solve problems.
Answer Key: 1) 2 046 pupils 2) 7 163 mangoes 3)PhP8 700.00

How can you solve a problem?

Have the pupils analyze and solve the problems under Activity 2 in the
LM. Tell them to write their answers on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 3 582 pineapples 2) 6 211 coconuts

C. Evaluation
Let pupils write a number sentence for each problem in Activity 3 and

Answer Key: (Activity 3) Answer Key: (Activity 4)
1) PhP275 1) 3 016 tickets
2) 6 876 eggs 2) PhP 8 074.00

In solving problems, follow Polyas 4-step Procedure:

1. Understand the problem.
2. Plan. Determine the process to be used to solve the problem.
3. Carry out the plan.
4. Check or look back.
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D. Home Activity
Ask pupils to copy the problems in Activity 5 and Activity 6 in their
notebooks. Let them analyze and solve the problems.
Answer Key:
Activity 5:
1) 900
2) 1 250
3) 50
4) a. 62 marbles, b. green marbles
5) 72 slices, 63 pupils. Yes , because there are 9 slices more than the
number of pupils.
Activity 6: 1) 500 straws 2) 580 bottle caps

Lesson 19 Solving Non-Routine Problems involving Addition

Week 6

Objective
Solve non-routine problems involving addition of whole numbers with sums of
10 000 including money using appropriate problem solving strategies and
tools

Value Focus
Courtesy, Politeness

Solving one-step problems involving addition

Materials
Word problems printed on a chart



1. Drill
If the number sentence is true, raise your right hand, if it is false, raise
your left hand.
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
83

1. 8
+ 6
12
2. 13
+ 14
27
3. 15
+ 32
36
4. 18
+ 13
31
5. 48
+ 12
60

2. Review
Read and analyze the problem.

Ask: What is the problem all about?
What will you do to find the answer to the problem?
What are the needed given data?
What will you do check if your answer is correct?

3. Motivation
Let the pupils read the dialog.

Storyteller: One morning, Elmer went to an eatery to have his snack.
Mrs. Flores owned the place.
Elmer: Good morning, Mrs. Flores.
Mrs. Flores: Good morning. What can I do for you?
Elmer: I would like to order food for snack.
Mrs. Flores: What do you want?
Elmer: I want a sandwich and fruit juice.
Mrs. Flores: Here they are.
Elmer: Thank you, Maam.
Mrs. Flores: Youre welcome.

Ask: What can you say about Elmer?
What kind of boy is he? Why do you say so?


MENU
Snacks Meals
Sandwich PhP15.00
Banana cue PhP8.00
Crackers PhP5.00
Fried fish and rice PhP35.00
Chopsuey and rice PhP35.00
Fried chicken and rice PhP40.00
Maria picked 12 red roses and10 white roses in her rose
garden. How many roses were picked in all?
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84
Bottled water PhP8.00

Gulaman PhP10.00
Fruit juice PhP12.00
Beef caldereta and rice PhP50.00
Banana PhP5.00

Talk about the food ordered by Elmer.
Ask: How much is the cost of a sandwich? fruit juice?
How much did Elmer spend for his snacks?

Use the given list of food in the eatery in solving the following
problems:

1. Kobe has PhP25.00 for snacks. What can he order with this
amount?

Ask the pupils to compute the total amount of each set of food
ordered.
Possible answers:
sandwich PhP15 banana cue PhP 8.00
gulaman PhP10 crackers PhP 5.00
PhP25 fruit juice PhP12.00
PhP25.00

Use the same procedure for question numbers 2 and 3.

2. If you have PhP20.00 for snacks, what will you buy?

Possible answers:
banana cue PhP 8.00 banana cue PhP 8.00
fruit juice PhP 12.00 crackers PhP 5.00
PhP 20.00 bottled water PhP 8.00
PhP 21.00

3. It is lunchtime. What meal will you order if you have PhP50?
Possible answers:
fried fish and
rice
PhP 35.00 chopsuey and
rice
PhP 35.00
banana PhP 5.00 banana PhP 5.00
gulaman PhP 10.00 gulaman PhP 10.00
PhP 50.00 PhP 50.00

chicken and
rice
PhP 40.00 beef caldereta
and rice
PhP 45.00
gulaman PhP 10.00 banana PhP 5.00
PhP 50.00 PhP 50.00

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
85
Have the pupils work in groups of four. Tell them they will play with
needed data to solve problems in this activity. They have to give the
answer snappily to win the game.
Provide strips of cartolina or any available paper where answers are to
be written.
a.

1) Process to be used
2) Mathematical sentence
3) Data asked for
4) Answer to the problem
5) Given data

b.

1) Needed data
2) Process to be used
3) Word clue
4) Mathematical sentence

Ask the pupils to present their work. Check them.

How did you solve the problem?
What did you do to solve it?
What process did you use?

Ask pupils to find out if the sums of the numbers in any row, column or
diagonal is always the same. Let them do Activity 1 on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 31 2) 96 3) 118

How did you solve the problem?
What helped you solve it?

Divide the class into five groups. Refer them to Activity 2 in the LM. Tell
them to arrange the scrambled digits in the star in the circles to make
addition sentences. Tell them to use the sums as guide.
Answer Key: 1) 837 + 245 2) 967 + 384 3) 879 + 325
4) 7 974 + 1 356 5) 5 493 + 2 618

Marlon was given 15 blue marbles and 20 red marbles.
How many marbles does Marlon have in all?
If you add 234 to 122, what is the sum?
DRAFT
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86
C. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to answer the questions under Activity 3 in the LM. Tell pupils
to do these on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 25 and 26 2) 31, 32 and 33

D. Home Activity
Refer pupils to Activity 4 in the LM. Let them form 3digit numbers from the
numbers in the box that will give the least sum and the greatest sum.
Have them do these in their notebooks.
Answer Key:
2) 3)
1 2 3 5 4 3
6 5 4 7 6 8

136 + 245 = 381 or 135 + 246 = 381
631 + 542 = 1 173 or 642 + 531 = 1 173
368 + 457 = 825 or 357 + 468 = 825
853 + 764 = 1617 or 864 + 753 = 1 617

Lesson 20 Creating Problems involving Addition

Week 6

Objective
Create problems involving addition of whole numbers including money with
reasonable answers

Value Focus
Cooperation, Unity, Sportsmanship

1. Basic addition facts
2. Concept of addition and its operation
3. Estimating sums
4. Steps in solving problems

Materials
Flash cards, charts, activity charts, 3 sets of tangram puzzle


A. Preliminary Activity

1. Drill
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87
Give the pupils a drill on basic addition facts. Use flash cards like:

2. Review
Have a review on how to analyze and solve word problems. Ask the
pupils the steps in analyzing and solving problems.
Let them also recall the different ways of solving word problems.

3. Motivation
Divide the class into three groups. Distribute puzzle pieces to each
group. There are questions and answers written in the puzzle. Pupils will
put the pieces together by connecting the answer to the question to
form a square. The first group to form a square wins.

Ask: Who won the game?
Why do you think they won?
What qualities did you observe in their group?
What about the group which did not win?
How do you feel? What will your group do next time?


Present the illustration below:

Ask: Can you make a short story out of the pictures?

Give ample time for the pupils to collect their thoughts and form a
short story.

Call some pupils and ask them to share their stories. Let each of them
read the story he/she created. (Accept all possible stories the pupils
created.)
8
+ 6
13
+ 6
14
+ 8
7
+ 9
5
+ 4
24
+ 6
21
+ 11
15
+ 23
4
+ 8
3
+ 7
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
88

Ask them why they made such stories.
Also ask what clues in the picture helped them make their story.

Pose a challenge:
If I ask you to make a word problem using the pictures, will you be able
to make one? (Let the pupils make a problem story and report their
work to the class.)

Ask: Are the pictures enough to make a word problem?
Can you explain why?

What things/data would you need to see so that you can
create a word problem?


Give an example of a word problem.

Ms. Cruzs class collected empty plastic bottles as their project in
Science. On the first week they collected 122 empty plastic bottles,
and on the second week they collected 105. How many bottles did
they collect in two weeks?

Ask: Is the problem a complete one?
How do you know?
What things are needed to have a complete word problem?
Can you identify the things needed to make a complete word
problem?

The teacher will make markings on the problem to emphasize the data
needed to form a problem.

Ask pupils how they will know the operation to use to solve the
problem, how they solve it and what the solution will be. Call one pupil
to do it on the board.

Possible answer:
given data
word clues
asked in the problem
DRAFT
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89
Operation: Addition
Number sentence: 122 + 105 = n
Solution: 122 + 105 = 225
Complete answer: 225 empty plastic bottles were collected in two
weeks.

Say: Now let us try to create a word problem.

Divide the class into three groups. Let them choose a leader and a
secretary. Ask the groups to use the given data below. Then let each
group post their work on the board. The leader will report to the class
about the word problem they have created and the solution and
answer to it.
Chicken sandwich PhP15.00
Orange Juice PhP10.00
Amount spent in all?
Give the pupils another set of data for them to create a word problem
individually. Let the pupil who created the most appropriate word
problem write his/her problem on the board and its corresponding
solution and answer. Give him/her recognition for the work well done.

Ask: What things/data are needed so that you can create a word
problem?
How will you check if the answer to the problem you have
created is correct?
What are the things you should remember when creating a
word problem?

Group Activity

Divide the class into five groups. Let them choose a leader and a
secretary. Give each group an activity card with data to be used in
creating a problem. Then let each group post their work on the board.
The leader will report to the class the word problem they have created
and the solution and answer to it.

Activity Card 1

Mondays Savings PhP5.00
Tuesdays Savings PhP3.00
Wednesdays Savings PhP3.00
Thursdays Savings PhP2.00
Fridays Savings PhP4.00
Total Savings?
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
90

Activity Card 2

Activity Card 3

Activity Card 4

Activity Card 5

Pair Activity

Tell pupils to find a partner. Have the pairs answer Activity 1 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 112 pages and 98 pages
2) 25 Philippine stamps and15 foreign stamps
3) PhP150.00 and PhP35.00
4) 25 boys and 30 girls
5) 205 words and 212 words

Individual Activity
Pencil PhP5.00
Ballpen PhP10.00
Pad paper Ph 15.00
Total amount spent?
Length of rectangle 54 cm
Width of the rectangle 42 cm
How long are the sides of the
rectangle?
1
st
Number 352
2
nd
Number 285
Sum of the 2 numbers?

Total milliliters?
450 mL 550 mL
650 mL
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
91
Have the pupils answer Activity 2 of LM individually. Check pupils

work.
Answer Key:
1) How many pupils joined the Peace Parade activity?
345 + 412 = 757 pupils
2) How many kilograms of vegetables were sold in all?
32 + 25 + 28 + 38 = 123 kg of vegetables
3) How many caimitos do the two boys have altogether?
120 + 203 = 323 caimitos
4) How many pages of the pocketbook did he read in all?
123 + 118 = 241 pages

How do we create word problems?
What are the things needed to formulate a problem?

To create word problem, you need the following:

data or numbers
word clues/operation
the questions asked or needed to be answered

How will you check if the answer to the problem you have created
and solved is correct?

To check if the problem created is correct, all the given data that
are needed to solve the problem should be there.
To check if the solution to the created problem is correct, the
answer must be the one that answers what is asked for.

a. Group Activity

Divide the class into 2 groups. Give each group some data for them to
make a problem. Let each group write their answer on a 1/2 manila
paper and post their answer on the board. Have one pupil from each
group report on their work.

Group 1 Group 2

b. Individual Activity
No. of mango trees 54
No. of santol trees 27
Total number of trees?
2 mangoes for PhP25.00
1 melon for PhP30.00
Total amount spent?
DRAFT
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92

Have the pupils individually answer Activity 3 in the LM.

Answer Key:
1) There were 27 tomato seedlings and 38 eggplant seedlings in a
nursery. How many seedlings are there in all? (27 + 38 = 65
seedlings)
2) In a school foundation day celebration, there were 236 men and
324 women joined the parade. How many joined the parade?
(236 + 324=560)
3) Leomar has 48 marbles. Kim has 36 marbles. How many marbles do
they have in all? (48 + 36 = 84)

C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 4 of the LM. Check their answers.

Answer Key:
1) There were 223 rattan chairs and 247 wooden chairs in the social hall.
How chairs were there in all? (223 + 247 = 470)
2) There were 70 jackfruit seedlings and 110 camias seedlings in the
nursery.
How many seedlings were there in all? (70 + 110 = 180)
3) Kenneth painted 24 flower pots. Ben painted 18 flower pots. How many
flower pots did they paint in all? (24 + 18 = 42)

D. Home Activity
Ask pupils to work on Activity 5 in the LM at home. Check their answers.
Answer Key:
1) In a school fair, the Grade 3 pupils sold 128 tickets and the Grade 4
pupils sold 119 tickets. How many tickets did the pupils sell?
(128 + 119 = 247)
2) The Grade 3 and Grade 4 pupils collected 312 and 428 plastic bottles
for their Science Club recycling project. How many plastic bottles did
the pupils collect? (312 + 428 = 740)
3) Pupils to create their own problems.

Lesson 21 Subtracting Numbers without Regrouping

Week 7

Objective
Subtract 3- to 4-digit numbers from 3- to 4-digit numbers without regrouping

Value Focus
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Love for reading

3. Writing numbers in expanded form
4. Subtraction basic facts
5. Subtraction as the process of taking away
6. Subtraction as the inverse of addition
7. Subtraction as getting/finding the difference/comparing

Materials
Flats, longs, ones, story and word problem charts, flash cards, place value
chart



1. Drill
Use flash cards of basic subtraction facts

Mechanics for the game:
1. Group the class into two. The group chooses one representative
from their group.
2. Let the two representatives stand at the back.
3. As you flash the basic subtraction facts, the pupil should give the
correct answer.
4. The first pupil who answers correctly will step forward.
5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the pupil reaches the front. The one who
reaches the front first wins and the group gets a point. The group
with the most points wins.

2. Review
a. Name the place value of the underlined digit.

1. 9457 2. 298 3. 53 4. 61 5. 7428

b. Write the following numbers in expanded form.
Example: 987 = 900 + 80 + 7

1. 374 = ____ + ____ + ____
2. 528 = ____ + ____ + ____
3. 7 229 = ____ + ____ + ____ + ____
4. 2 563 = ____ + ____ + ____ + ____
5. 8 492 = ____ + ____ + ____ + ____
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3. Motivation
Ask the pupils their favorite story books. Have some volunteers tell how
many of these books they have finished reading.

Ask: Why do you love reading books?
Do you learn by reading books? How?
What benefits do you get from reading books?


Ask a good reader to read the problem situation.

Mercy loves to read. One morning after she finished her household
chores, she started to read a book with 253 pages. After a week, she
was able to finish reading 131 pages. How many more pages does she
need to read to finish the book?

Ask the following comprehension questions:
What does Mercy love to do?
How many pages does the book have?
How many pages was she able to read after a week?
What is asked in the problem?
What process will you use to solve the problem?
How are you going to do it?

Ask the pupils to represent 253 using flats, longs and squares.
Let them recall the representation of flats, longs and squares.

1 flat = 100 ones 1 long = 10 squares 1 square = 1(value)
= 10 longs = 10 (value)
= 100 (value)

How many flats, longs and ones will represent 253?
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Now, how will you take away 131?
How many flats, longs and squares are we going to remove?

How many flats, longs and ones were left?

How many flats, longs and squares will represent 253?
(1 flat, 2 longs and 2 squares)

What is the total value of 1 flat, 2 longs and 2 squares?
(100 +10 +10 +1+1= 122)
What operation do we use when we take away things?
(Subtraction)
How will you write the number sentence for this problem? Which will be
the minuend? the subtrahend? 253 131 = n

Now, let us try to see the process using the expanded form.
Call on volunteers to write 253 131 in expanded form.

Lead pupils to arrive at this:

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April 10, 2014
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253 = 200 + 50 + 3
131 = 100 + 30 + 1

Remind pupils on the importance of proper alignment of values.
Ask: Where do we start subtracting?
In which place value are we going to start?
What direction are we going to follow?
Subtraction is done by subtracting the values from right to left.

253 = 200 + 50 + 3
131 = 100 + 30 + 1
2

253 = 200 + 50 + 3
131 = 100 + 30 + 1
20 + 2

253 = 200 + 50 + 3
131 = 100 + 30 + 1
100 + 20 + 2 = 122

Present the short way of subtracting numbers.
Have one pupil write the numbers in place value chart
Ask: Which digits are in the ones place? tens place? hundreds
place?

Hundreds Tens Ones
2 5 3
1 3 1

Point out the importance of writing the numbers with the same place
values in the same column.
Let them see the steps in subtraction as shown:

Hundreds Tens Ones
2 5 3
1 3 1
2

Hundreds Tens Ones
2 5 3
1 3 1
2 2

In what place value are we going
to start subtracting?
(Subtract first the ones.)
In what place value are going to
subtract next?
(Subtract the tens.)
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Hundreds Tens Ones

2 5 3
1 3 1
1 2 2

Ask: Did we get the same answer in each method?

Therefore, Mercy still needs to read 122 pages to finish the book.

How do we check if our answer is correct? What part of subtraction will
you add?

Solution: Checking :
2 5 3 minuend 1 2 2 - difference
1 3 1 subtrahend + 1 3 1 - subtrahend
1 2 2 difference 2 5 3 - minuend


Ask: Why is it important in subtraction to know which number is the
minuend and subtrahend?
In which place value did you start subtracting? next? last?
What direction did you follow?
Why it is important to write the digits with the same place values
in the same column?
How will you check if your answer is correct?
Give your reason for choosing this method of checking.

Group Work Activity

Provide each group with a set of number cards.
(See to it that the pupils will work with numbers that will require them to
do subtraction without regrouping).
Place the cards face down on a table.
Ask each group to pick six cards from the set.
Instruct them to make a subtraction equation out of two cards and
copy it on their paper.
Give them time to find the difference of each pair they got.

Provide cards like the following:

205 4 989 546 1331 445 968
In what place value are we going
to subtract last?
(Subtract the hundreds.)
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Discussion
What subtraction sentences did you form?
Which numbers did you write as the subtrahend? the minuend?
In which place value did you start subtracting? next? last?
Why is it important to write the digits with the same place values in
the same column?
Give your reason for choosing this method of checking.

Have pupils do Activity 1 in the LM by pairs. Make sure the pupils
clearly understand the directions.

Choose two numbers from the right whose difference is the number in
the box on the left. Write the two numbers on your paper.

Example: Answer : 897, 573

Answer Key:
A. 1) 763 and 522 2) 578 and 210 3) 2 684 and 333
4) 5 132 and 3 727 5) 5 437 and 3 425
B. 1) 270 2) 336 3) 307 4) 4 712 5) 3 665

Have the pupils do Activity 2 in the LM individually.
Answer Key:
1) 145 biscuits 2) 311 cupcakes 3) 152 sandwiches

How do we subtract 3 to 4digit numbers from 3 to 4digit numbers
without regrouping?

When subtracting numbers, align the digits according to their
place values.
Subtract starting from the ones, then the tens and so on up to
the digits in the highest place values.

Let pupils do Activity 3 in the LM by group.

Answer Key: 1) 976 235 = 741 2) 9 876 1 235 = 8 641
3) 987 102 = 885 4) 9 876 102 = 9 774 5) 9 876 1 023 = 8 853

324
573
897
424
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April 10, 2014
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Give them Manila paper to write their solution and let them present
their work in the class.

C. Evaluation
Have the pupils do Activity 4 individually in their notebook.
Arrange the numbers in column. Then find the difference.
Check your answer using addition.

Answer Key: 1) 322 2) 463 3) 7 4 31 4) 5 014 5) 4 113

D. Home Activity
Let the pupils copy Activity 5 and do it at home.
Answer Key:
1) 984 104 = 880 2) 3 769 - 503 = 3 266
984 350 = 634 3 769 - 647 = 3 122
984 582 = 402 3 769 - 2 032 = 1 737
984 261 = 723 3 769 - 1 645 = 2 124
984 743 = 241 3 769 - 3 203 = 566

Lesson 22 Subtracting Numbers with Regrouping

Week 7

Objective
Subtract 3- to 4-digit numbers from 3- to 4-digit numbers with regrouping

Value Focus
Importance of planting trees

2. Writing numbers in expanded form
3. Subtraction as the process of taking away
4. Subtraction as the inverse of addition
5. Subtraction as getting/finding the difference
6. Subtraction of 1 and 2digit numbers

Materials
Story and word problem charts, flash cards, show-me board, place value
chart, activity cards


DRAFT
April 10, 2014
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1. Drill
Pop Up Recitation

Flash the card and let the pupils who know the answer stand and say
the answer.

2. Review
A. The pupils recall the concept of subtraction of 2digit numbers with
regrouping.

Post a subtraction sentence on the board and pupils will solve it in
their show me board.
Give them ample time to solve the problem then ask them to show
their answers. Then teacher will tell the correct answer.

6 45 27 28 36

B. Write the following numbers in expanded form.
Example: 234 = 200 + 30 + 4

1) 562 = 500 + 60 + 4
2) 921 = 900 + 20 + 1
3) 8 429 = 8 000 + 400 + 20 + 9
4) 6 854 = 6 000 + 800 + 50 + 4
5) 7 183 = 7 000 + 100 + 80 + 3

3. Motivation
Ask the pupils who among them are boy scouts or girl scouts.
Have them tell the activities they do in scouting.
Ask who among them have experienced planting trees. Discuss briefly
the importance of trees in the environment.
Ask: What will happen if we cut down trees and never replace these
with new ones?
Have you heard of the news of flash floods and landslides?
What is one cause of flashfloods and landslides?
8
6
8
3
13
5
15
9
7
4
12
3
37
3
45
-32
28
15
19
17
1) 34
-28
2) 62
-17
3) 81
-54
4) 93
-65
5) 75
-39
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
101


Present the problem on a chart.

Two hundred twenty-nine mahogany seedlings were brought to
the scouters campsite for the tree planting activity. There were
241scouters in the camp. How many of them will not have a seedling
to plant?

Flash the card and let the pupils who know the answer stand and say
the answer.

Ask: What is the activity about?
How many mahogany seedlings were brought to the campsite?
How many scouters were there?

Lead pupils to make some comparison by asking:
Are there enough seedlings for the scouters? Why?

Let us represent the number of scouters through flats, long and
squares.
How many scouters are there in the campsite? 241 scouters
How will you represent 241 using flats, longs and squares?
How many flats, longs and squares will represent 241?

Now, let us get the number of mahogany seedlings brought to the
campsite.

How many flats, longs and squares are we going to get to represent
229?

DRAFT
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Did you get enough flats? What about the longs? What about the
squares?
What do you notice with the squares? Are there enough squares to
get 9 squares?
What are you going to do? Where are you going to borrow?
How many longs are you going to borrow?
What will you do to1 long to make it into squares? (Trade 1 long with 10
squares)

= + =

How many longs and ones are left? (1 long and 2 squares)

What operation or process do we use when we take away things?
(Subtraction)
How will you write the number sentence for this problem?
Which will be the minuend? the subtrahend?
241 229 = n
Now, let us try to see the process using the expanded form.

Call on volunteers to write 241 229 in expanded form.

Lead them to arrive at this:
241 = 200 + 40 + 1
229 = 200 + 20 + 9

Remind them on the importance of proper alignment of values.
Ask: Where do we start subtracting?
So, how many squares are there in 1 long?
How many ones do you have in all now?
So, can you now get 9 squares?
What is the value of 1 long and 2 squares? 10 + 1 + 1 = 12
So, 12 scouters will not have seedlings to plant.
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
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In which place value are we going to start?

What direction are we going to follow?
Subtraction is done by subtracting the values from right to left.

241 = 200 + 40 + 1
229 = 200 + 20 + 9

241 = 200 + (30 + 10) + 1
229 = 200 + 20 + 9

241 = 200 + 30 + (10 +1)
229 = 200 + 20 + 9

241 = 200 + 30 + 11
229 = 200 + 20 + 9
2

241 = 200 + 30 + 11
229 = 200 + 20 + 9
10 + 2

241 = 200 + 40 + 11
229 = 200 + 20 + 9
0 + 10 + 2 = 12

Present the short way of subtracting numbers.
Have one pupil write the numbers on a place value chart.
Ask: Which digits are in the ones place? tens place? hundreds
place?
Hundreds Tens Ones
2 4 1
2 2 9

Point out the importance of writing the numbers with the same place
values in the same column.
Let them see the steps in subtraction as shown:

Hundreds Tens Ones
2 4 1
2 2 9

In what place value are we going to start
subtracting? (Subtract first the ones.)
What did you notice about the numbers?
Can you get 9 ones from 1ones? In what
place value are you going to borrow?

Regroup the tens as 3 tens + 1 tens. Then, get
1 tens and add it to the ones place. How
many ones are there in 1 tens? So, how many
ones are there in all?

In which place value are we going to start
subtracting? Subtract first the least values.
Can you get 9 from 1? Where will 1 borrow so
that it will have more ones?
What will you do with 40? How will you regroup it?
What will happen now to 10 and 1? (Add them.)
So, how many ones do you have now?
Can you now get 9 from it? What is the
difference?

Can we now subtract the next bigger value?
Can you get 20 from 30? What is the difference?

What about the number with the biggest value?
Can we subtract 200 from 200? What is the
answer?
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
104
Hundreds Tens Ones

2
3
4
10 +1
2 2 9

Hundreds Tens Ones
2
3
4
11
2 2 9
2

Hundreds Tens Ones
2
3
4
11
2 2 9
1 2

Hundreds Tens Ones
2
3
4
11
2 2 9
1 2

Did we get the same answer in each method?

Therefore, 12 scouters will not have a seedling to plant.
What do you think will the 12 scouters do if they dont have any
seedlings to plant?

How do we check if our answer is correct? What part of the
subtraction sentence will you add?

Solution: Checking:
3 11 1
2 4 1 1 2
2 2 9 + 2 2 9
1 2 2 4 1

Ask: Why it is important in subtraction to know which number is the
minuend and subtrahend?
In which place value did you start subtracting?
Why it is important to write the digits with the same place values
in the same column?
If the digit in the minuend is less than the subtrahend, what will
you do?
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
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Group Activity
Divide the class into 3 groups. Provide them activity cards with
questions like:
1. How much greater is 527 than 263?
2. What is the difference if you take away 3 841 from 6 275?
3. How much less is 287 than 7 409?

All groups will solve item no. 1 first using the different methods.
Group 1 will use flats, longs and ones.
Group 2 will use the expanded form of subtraction.
Group 3 will use the short form of subtraction.
Each group will have one representative to report on their work in
class.

Ask: Did you get the same answer? Which method do you like best?

Let the groups do item numbers 2 and 3 using the method they like
most.
As an additional output, have the groups write their own subtraction
sentences where regrouping is done in the tens place or hundreds
place.

Let the groups exchange subtraction sentences and solve for the
answer.

Have the pupils complete the table under Activity 1 in the LM. Have
them work in pairs and let them write their answer in their notebook.
Answer Key:
- 908 7 195 5 939
294 614 6 901 5 645
675 233 6 520 5 2 64
843 65 6 352 5 096

Have the pupils do Activity 2 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: A. 1) 243 2) 243 3) 2 122 4) 3 626 5) 5 322
B.1) 848 745 = 103 2) 686 - 645 = 41 3) 745 645 = 100
4) 848 645 = 203 5) 745 686 = 59


How do we subtract 3- to 4-digit numbers from 3- to 4-digit numbers
with regrouping?

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
106
When subtracting numbers, align the digits according to their

place values.
Regroup whenever the digit in the minuend is less than the digit
in the subtrahend.
Start subtracting from ones place, then tens and so on up to the
digits in the highest place value.

Group the class into five groups and let them answer Activity 3 in the
LM.
Ask them to write their solution and answer on Manila paper.
Give them ample time to finish the assigned task.
Let each group present their work in the class.

Have the pupils do Activity 3 in the LM by pairs. Let them write their
answer in their notebook.
Answer Key: 1) 9 2) 7 3) 9 and 5 4) 5 and 3 5) 4 and 7

C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 4 of the LM. Check pupils work.
Answer Key: 1) 152 2) 335 3) 4 515 4) 5 273 5) 163

D. Home Activity
Have pupils copy the task in Activity 5 in the LM and work this at home.
Answer Key: 1) 439 2) 164 3) 3 259 4) 1 282 5) 4 731

Lesson 23 Estimating Differences

Week 8

Objective
Estimate the difference of two numbers with three to four digits

Value Focus
Appreciation of the value of small things

3. Concept of rounding whole numbers
4. Concept of subtraction

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
107
Materials
Flash cards of 3- to 4-digit numbers, number lines on strips of paper, number
cut- outs, pictures, tables/charts, story on the chart, word problems, Show-
Me board, activity card



1. Drill
Place Value
Flash some cards with numbers written on them. The pupil will write on
their show-me board:
A if the underlined digit is in the ones place
B if it is in the tens place
C if it is in the hundreds place
D if it is in the thousands place
The teacher will ask the pupils to raise their boards. The pupil with the
correct answer earns a point.

Examples:

2. Review

a. Post two strips of number lines on the board. One will be on the left
side and the other on the right side. The first long strip will show
number line1 to 10 and the second strip, number line100 to 200.

The number line will look like this :

0 5 10 100 150 200

b. Distribute 2 sets of number cards to the pupils. The first set will be
posted on the first number line while the second set for the second
number line.

c. Have pupils recall the rules in rounding tens and hundreds.

4573 7035 1834 2837 2105
3710 8539 2508 8421 6472
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April 10, 2014
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d. Ask pupils to post their number cards to the number it is nearest to,
either to zero or ten; 100 or 200. Continue until all numbers are
posted on the board. Check if their answers are all correct.

Example of number cards:

e. As a follow up to this activity, have pupils write their answers to the
following:

Round off the following numbers to the nearest thousands.
a. 2 312 b. 7 481 c. 5 926 d. 4 534
(2 000) (7 000) (6 000) (5 000)

3. Motivation
a. Show the pupils a set of marbles, shells, paper clips, colored
pebbles, buttons and other similar objects.
Ask: Which of these small things do you like to collect? Why?

b. Talk about the value of things no matter how small they are.


a. Guessing Game
1) Show a bottle filled with multi-colored buttons.
Ask: How many buttons do you think there are in this bottle?
Give 10 seconds for the pupils to give their guesses. Let them
write their answers on their Show-Me board.

2) Call 1 or 2 pupils to count the number of buttons in the bottle.
The one who can give the closest guess will be the winner.

3) Ask: How did you come up with the correct/nearest answer?
Why is it not possible to get the exact answer immediately?

There are times when we do not need the exact answer to a
problem. All we need is just the closest possible answer or
an estimate.
8 2 9 4 3
120 175 147 189 117 168
6
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
109

b. Present this story problem.

There were 515 visitors on the first day of a schools Foundation
Day and 786 visitors on the second day. About how many more
visitors were there on the second day than on the first day?

c. Let us understand the problem.
1) What are given in the problem?
the number of visitors on the first day
the number of visitors on the second day
2) What is asked for in the problem?
about how many more visitors were there on the second
day than on the first day
3) Do we need an exact answer?
No
4) What word clues tell that we do not need an exact answer?
The phrase about how many tells us that we do not
need an exact answer.
5) What operation are we going to use?
Subtraction
a. Let us plan on how we can solve the problem. Ask:
1) What will be the number sentence for the problem?
2) Call on pupil to write the number sentence on the board.
3) Construct a number line on the board.
Say: Let us locate 515 and 786 on the number line.

500 600 700 800 900 1000

4) Ask: Where is 515 nearest to? 500 or 600?
Where is 786 nearest to? 700 or 800?

b. Let us execute our plan.

1) To find the estimated difference, round
off each number to the greatest place
value
786
515
800
500
2) Perform the subtraction operation. 800
500
300

515 786
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
110
3) Around 300 more visitors were on the

second day than on the first day.

c. Check your work.
Exact
Difference
Estimated
Difference
1) Did I answer the question?
2) Compare the estimated
difference with the exact
difference.
786
515
277
800
500
300
3) Is my answer sensible? 277 is close to 300

d. Sometimes, rounding off to the next lower place gives a better
estimate.
Example:
Estimate the difference between 4 943 and 3 225.

Round off to the highest possible place value
4 943 rounds off to 5 000 5 000
3 225 rounds off to 3 000 3 000
2 000

Round off to the next lower place value
4 943 rounds off to 4 900 4 900
3 225 rounds off to 3 200 3 200
1 700
Actual Difference
4 943
3 225
1 718
Now, which one is more reasonable estimated difference,
2 000 or 1 700?

e. Give more exercises for pupils to solve.
Round each number then estimate the difference.
845
458

____?____
____?____
7 541
1 825
____?____
____?____
Is the estimated difference close to the exact one?

Ask pupils the following questions:

a. When do you say that a number should be estimated using its
highest place value or the next lower place value?
b. What did we do first before we made an estimate?
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
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c. How do we know if we over-estimated or under-estimated?

d. How will you decide if you are going to estimate using the highest
place value or the next lower value?
e. How is estimating useful in your day-to-day activities?

a. Group Activity
Provide each group with an activity card bearing the table and
questions below.
Have each group do the activity and write their answer on Manila
paper to be posted and reported to the class.

b. Have the pupils answer Activity 1 of their LM in their notebook.
Let this activity be done individually. Go around and check if all
pupils are doing it right.
Answer Key: 1) 300 200 = 100 2) 500 - 200 = 300
3) 800 400 = 400 4) 5 000 3 000 = 2 000 5) 2 000 1 000 = 1 000
6) 7 000 3 000 = 4 000

c. Have the pupils do Activity 2 of their LM by pairs.

Ask the pupil to find a partner and do Activity 2 in the LM. Let them
study the picture/illustration and answer the question that follows.
See to it that the pupils know the different musical instruments in the
picture.
Answer Key: 1) trumpet 2) guitar 3) drum 4) flute 5) guitar

Activity Card
Mrs. Cruz records the number of sheets of bond paper used every day
in their office.
Day Number of pieces of bond paper used
Monday 2 256 pieces
Tuesday 3 567 pieces
Wednesday 1 742 pieces
Thursday 943 pieces
Friday 891 pieces
1) About how many pieces of bond paper more were used on
Tuesday than on Monday?
2) About how many pieces less were used on Thursday than on
Wednesday?
3) About how many pieces of bond paper less were used on Thursday
than on Tuesday?
4) Why do you think the office uses more pieces of bond paper on
Tuesday than any other days?
5) Why do you think the office uses the least number of pieces of bond
paper on Friday?
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
112

How do we estimate the difference of two numbers with three to four
digits?

a. Group Work Activity

Divide the class into three groups then give them activity cards to
work on. Then let them write their solution and answer on a 1/4
Manila paper. Have them post their work on the board and report
to their classmates. Move around to check the work of each
group.

Activity Card 1

Using the numbers for each letter
write YES if the estimated difference is reasonable. If not, write NO.

Subtraction Estimate YES or NO
A B 400 Yes
C B 200 Yes
A C 100 No

Activity Card 2

Estimate the difference by rounding first the numbers to the highest
place value. Write > or < on the box.

1. 9 347 4 385 9 348 4 585 (>)
2. 7 083 3 141 7 463 2 434 (<)
3. 3 724 1 572 1 100 - 1 026 (>)

Activity Card 3

Find the missing number. Choose the answer from the box.

To estimate the difference of two numbers, round off both
numbers to their highest place value then subtract.
A 873 B 458 C 691
1 235 1 732 2 473 2 873 3 573
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
113

1. 3 643 is about 2 000. (1 732)

2. 8 536 is about 6 000. (2 873)

3. 7 945 is about 4 000. (3 573)

b. Have the pupil do Activity 3 of the LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) PhP1 000 2) PhP2 000 3) PhP1 000 4) PhP1 000
5) PhP2 000
C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on activity 4 in the LM. Check pupils work.
Answer Key: 1) PhP100 2) 7 bundles 3) PhP400 4) PhP200 5) PhP300

D. Home Activity
Let pupils work on Activity 5 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 10 ballpens 2) Yes 3) Answers will vary (example:10
ballpens, 10 pencils, 5 boxes of crayons and 3 sets of pad paper)

Lesson 24 Subtracting Mentally 1- to 2-Digit Numbers
without and with Regrouping

Week 8

Objective
Subtract mentally 1- to 2-digit numbers without and with regrouping using

Value Focus
Speed with accuracy

4. Multiples of 10/sums of 10 facts

Materials
Flash cards, activity cards, charts, story problem chart, cut-outs or drawings of
fruits with subtraction sentence below each


DRAFT
April 10, 2014
114


1. Drill
Flash cards of subtraction and addition facts.

Give the pupils a snappy drill on subtraction and addition facts like the
following:

2. Review
Place value and rounding off numbers to the nearest tens

Flash some cards with the numbers written on them. The pupil will tell
the place value of the underlined digit and round the number to the
nearest tens.
Examples of cards:

3. Motivation
Game: The 10 family

a. Distribute to pupils two sets of number cards from 0 to 10.
b. Ask: Do you still remember The 10 family?
Who will be the partner of 3 to make a 10? (7)
c. Say: I have distributed number cards earlier, right?
I want you now to find your partner to complete The 10
family. Once you find your partner, you will both come up
front and sit down.
(Give ample time for pupils to complete the set/pairs. Move
around to check if the pairing is correct.)


a. Present a problem.

Ben gathered 36 shells at the beach. If he gave 12 shells to
his friend, how many shells were left?

b. Ask the following questions:

1. What did Ben gather?
18
-6
18
-3
17
-15
10
-9
9
-4
5
+3
7
+6
4
+9
12
+16
23
+13
45 22 26 75 89 63 18 37 57
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2. How many shells did he gather?

3. How many shells did he give to his friend?
4. How many shells does he have left?
5. Can you solve the problem mentally?
6. If Ben decided to give 19 shells instead of 12, how many shells
would be left?

Ask: How are we going to solve the problem?
What operation are we going to use?
Do you want to use your longs and squares or use the short
form?
Who can represent 36 using longs and squares?
What about the short form?

Call on two pupils to represent 36 shells, one using longs and squares
and the other the short form. Then let them do the operation.

Longs and
Squares
Short Form Longs and
Squares
Short Form

36

36
12
24

Ask: Do you think we can solve the problem mentally without the
using longs and squares? How?

Say: We can subtract mentally and even start with the highest place
value if there is no regrouping to be done.

Example:
36
12
24

Ask: Can you subtract 1 from 3? What about 2 from 6?
Check if there is no regrouping, then you can subtract the numbers
right away.
So, 24 shells were left with Ben.

What if Ben decided to give 19 shells rather than 12? Can we still
subtract the numbers mentally?
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How can you solve 36 19 mentally? Is there regrouping to be done?

Use the compensation strategy

36 Look at your subtrahend. What number will you add to it to
19 make it a multiple of 10 or to make it 20?

36 Change 19 to 20.
19 Think: 19 + 1 = 20
20 is easier to use than 19.
36
20 Subtract 36 20 = 16
16

36
20
16
+ 1 Add 1 to compensate for subtracting the extra 1.
17

What if we add 1 to both subtrahend and minuend?
Will we have the same answer?

36 How can we make the subtrahend a multiple of 10? (Add 1 to it.)
19 So, 19 + 1 = 20.

36 What you did in the subtrahend , you also do in the
20 minuend. So, 36+ 1 = 37

37 Subtract the numbers.
20
17 Did we get the same difference?

Let us try another subtraction problem. e.g. 42 8 = ____
Using the compensation strategy, we add 2 to both minuend and
subtrahend.
42 + 2 = 44
- 8 + 2 = 10
34

Ask:
a. How do we subtract mentally without regrouping? with
regrouping?
b. Which is easier the compensation strategy or the second one?
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c. What do you do when using the compensation method? (We

make the subtrahend a multiple of ten, then subtract. Then add to
the difference the number you added to the subtrahend.)
d. How do you improve the compensation method? (Add the
number you added to the subtrahend to the minuend then
subtract.)
e. When do we use mental subtraction?
f. In what ways does mental computation help you?

a. Group Activity Telephone Game

Mechanics:
1) Set the pupils to stand in columns with 10 members in each column.
2) The teacher gives a subtraction sentence written on a piece of
paper.
3) On cue, the pupils who received the piece of paper simultaneously
solve the subtraction sentence mentally.
4) Then he/she whispers the answer to the next pupil until it reaches
the pupil in front.
5) The pupil in front of each group will then write the answer on the
board. The group with the correct answer gets a point.
6) Then the pupil in front will go to the back and the rest will move
forward so that rotation is done. The game continues following the
same rules.
7) The first group to get 5 points wins.

Write the following subtraction sentences on a strip of paper in as
many as the number of groups formed.

Chalk Board
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1) 18 2) 25 3) 31 4) 59 5) 89
- 8 - 7 - 6 - 32 - 19

6) 79 7) 54 8) 63 9) 46 10) 65
- 45 - 26 - 37 - 26 - 48

Did you do it fast? Were all your answers correct?

b. Ask the pupils to answer Activity 1 in the LM individually. Ask them
to say the correct difference orally. Make sure that they will not use
paper and pencil to get the answer.
Answer Key: 1) 20 2) 11 3) 37 4) 23 5)27 6) 34 7) 15 8) 28

c. Have pupils work on Activity 2 in the LM. Make sure the pupils
create a subtraction sentence that can be solved mentally.
Monitor the activity closely.
(Answers vary)

How do we subtract mentally 1 to 2digit numbers without and with
regrouping?

To subtract numbers mentally without regrouping, subtract
the numbers by place value either from left to right or from
right to left.

To subtract numbers with regrouping, add a digit to the
subtrahend to make it a multiple of ten. Then subtract the
numbers. Finally, add to the difference the number you
added to the subtrahend (compensation method).

To make compensation method easier, you can add to the
minuend the same digit that you added to the subtrahend
to make it a multiple of 10.

How do you we do the compensation method? (We make the
subtrahend a multiple of ten, then subtract. Then add to the
difference the number you added to the subtrahend.)

How do you we improve the compensation method? (Add the
number you added to the subtrahend to the minuend then subtract.)

a. Class Activity Rally Robin Game

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Pupils will make their own subtraction sentence. Then they will pass
it to the pupils to their right and the pupil on the right answers the
question. Then, they will do the reverse way. The one who answers
correctly will also make a subtraction sentence and pass it to
her/his right.

b. Have pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM. They subtract each
number from 81 using mental arithmetic and write their answers in
their notebook.
Answer Key: 1) 81 43 = 38 2) 81 34 = 47 3) 81 - 57 = 24
4) 81 - 22 = 59
C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Check pupils work.
Answer Key: A. 1) 14 2) 25 3) 35 4) 16 5)17
B. 89 9 = 80 15 = 65 44 = 21

D. Home Activity
Give Activity 5 in the LM. Check pupils work during the next meeting.
Answer Key: 1) 41 pupils 2) 17 pupils 3) 5 pupils 4)19 pupils

Lesson 25 Subtracting Mentally 2- to 3-Digit Numbers
with Multiples of Hundreds

Week 9

Objective
Subtract mentally 2- to 3- digit numbers with multiples of hundreds without
and with regrouping using appropriate strategies

Value Focus
Speed with accuracy

4. Multiples of 10 and 100/sums of 10 facts

Materials
Flash cards, activity cards, charts, story problem chart, puzzles


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1. Drill
Have the pupils drill on subtraction facts using flash cards. Do this as
snappily as possible. Use difficult facts (those that are not yet
mastered).

2. Review
Recall the concept of subtracting mentally 1- to 2-digit numbers
without and with regrouping.

Provide exercises like the following:
a. 32 12
b. 45 27
c. 67 39
d. 54 15
e. 68 44

3. Motivation
Have the pupils play a game. Give them two sets of number cards. The
first set of cards are numbers written in standard form. The second set
of cards are the expanded form of the numbers in the first set. Have
the pupils find the correct pairs of numbers. The first one to finish wins
the game.

Examples of cards:


a. Present this equation: 345 123 =.
Pose a challenge: How fast can you solve this equation?
b. Ask volunteers to show their solutions. Provide set of time limit for this
activity. Record pupils time and compare. Commend the one
who finished first correctly.
c. Ask a pupil if there was regrouping in the process and where they
started subtracting.

Ask: Can problem be solved mentally?
What about 575 300? Can you solve this mentally?
How will you solve the number sentence mentally?

45 40 + 5 123 100 + 20 + 3 30 + 8 38
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d. Pose another problem:

Solve this mentally as fast as you can;
314 143 = _____
Provide a time limit for this activity. Record pupils time and
compare the time with the first challenge question.
Ask: How did you find the answer?
Which is easier to solve, the first problem or the second one?
Why?

Say: Let us discover a faster way of doing this.

Present the following strategies:

a. Expanding the subtrahend
Do subtraction in three steps:

Example: 314 143
314 (100 + 40 + 3)

Step1 Start first with the highest place value.
Perform 314 100.
314 100 = 214

Step 2 Round the minuend to the nearest tens, subtract 40
more, then add 4.

214 40 = 210 40 = 170 + 4 = 174

Step 3 Subtract 3 more in the ones place.
174 3 = 171
the ones digit in the subtrahend
143.
So, 314 143 = 171

Other examples:
500 500 300
240 200 40
300 260

600 600 300
320 300 20
300 280

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b. Place Value Method

Now, try to solve mentally for the difference of the following:

1) 800 200 = 2) 536 300 =

Ask: What did you notice with the minuends? the subtrahends?
How did you get the difference mentally? Did you expand
or did you consider the place value?

So, if both the minuend and the subtrahend or if the
subtrahend is a multiple of tens or hundreds and there in no
regrouping, subtract them by place value either left to right
or right to left.
Examples:
800 650 536 486
200 200 300 300
300 450 236 186

c. Compensation method

Try these. Subtract mentally.

1) 94 49 = n 2) 486 99 = n

Ask: What have you noticed with the subtrahends? How did you
get the difference mentally? Did you expand or by place
value?

The easier way to get the difference if the subtrahend ends with 9,
99, or 999 is the compensation method. (Recall the rule on
compensation method in Lesson 24.)

1) 94 + 1 = 95 2) 486 + 1 = 487
49 + 1 = 50 99 + 1 = 100
45 387

Ask:
a. How do we subtract mentally without regrouping? with
regrouping?
b. Which is easier to use, expanded form, place value or the
compensation method?
c. What do you do when using the expanded method? place value
method? compensation method?
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d. When do you use expanded method, place value method and

compensation method in mental subtraction?
e. In what ways does mental computation help you?

a. Group Activity: Whats the End?
Divide the class into five groups. Give each group an activity card
to work on. No paper and pencil will be used. Tell pupils to work
cooperatively with their group. The first one to finish the task wins.

222

Activity Card 1
Mentally determine what should be inside the box at
the end.
Start End

Activity Card 2
the end.
Start End
Activity Card 3
the end.
Start End
Activity Card 4
the end.
Start End
200
25 22 28
192
100 27 6
300
100 21 5
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b. Have pupils do Activity 1 in the LM by pairs.
Answer Key: 1) 50 2) 24 3) 654 4) 66 5) 300 6)500 7)187
8)330 9) 445 10) 220

c. Have pupils do Activity 2 in the LM individually. Check pupils work.
Answer Key: 1) c 2) b 3) d 4) e 5) a

How do we subtract mentally 2- to 3-digit numbers with multiples of
hundreds without and with regrouping using appropriate strategies?

To subtract numbers mentally without regrouping with subtrahend
or both minuend and subtrahend that are multiples of tens or
hundreds, subtract the numbers by place value either from left to
right or right to left.

To subtract numbers with regrouping, use the compensation
method where numbers are added to both minuend and the
subtrahend to make it a multiple of tens or hundreds then
subtract. You can also use the expanded method in subtracting
mentally 2-3 digit numbers.

a. Group Activity: Puzzle Time

Divide the class into five groups. Give each group a puzzle for them to
work on. Discourage pupils from using paper but they can use pencil
to write their answer in the puzzle. Monitor them to work cooperatively
with their group. The first one to finish the task wins.

Mental Subtraction Puzzle
Solve the equations mentally. Then complete the puzzle.

1 2 3 4
144
40 10 35
Activity Card 5
the end.
Start End
154
9 16 23
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5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

Across Down
1. 74 12 = 1. 90 29 =
3. 91 39 = 2. 50 25 =
5. 501 349 = 4. 84 62 =
7. 71 48 = 6. 430 220 =
9. 30 17 = 8. 400 100 =
11. 660 160 = 10. 705 404 =
12. 85 57 =
13. 39 22 =
11. 74 26 =

Answer Key:
1
6
2
2
3
5
4
2

5
1

5
6
2
7
2
8
3
9
1
10
3

0
11
4

0

0

0
12
2

8
13
1

7

b. Have pupils do Activity 3 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) 3; 19 2) 2; 34 3) 6; 49 4) 1; 31 5) 4 ; 45 6) 3; 38
7) 1; 55 8) 6; 80 9) 1; 135 10) 2; 125

C. Evaluation
Pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Check pupils work.
Answer Key: 1) b 2) d 3) d 4) a 5) b

D. Home Activity
Give Activity 5 in the LM as assignment.
Answer Key: 1) No 2) No 3) Yes

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Lesson 26 Solving One-Step Problems involving Subtraction

Week 9

Objective
Solve one-step word problems involving subtraction of whole numbers
including money

Value Focus
Thrift

Prerequisite Concept and Skills
1. Subtracting 3-digit numbers without and with regrouping
3. Analyzing word problems
4. Writing number sentences

Materials
Window cards, story on the chart, word problems



1. Drill
Flash cards on subtraction basic facts with 3digit numbers

2. Review
Review the steps in problem solving. Then give sample problems to
solve.
a. Understand the problem
b. Plan the solution procedure
c. Carry out the plan
d. Look back or check your answer

3. Motivation
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April 10, 2014
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Play Give Me game.

Give each pupil a number card.
Show a number then, announce: Give me two numbers that
would give this sum.

Pupils find their match by showing a pair of numbers that will give
the sum.
The first pair to give the correct numbers wins.

Example: and , and
Ask: What is the important thing that you should do to win the game?


Ask: What do you know about piggy bank?
Do you save money from the allowances you receive from your
parents? Why do you have to save money?
Have them read the problem story.

Mommy gave Rico P30.00 last Friday. Rico spent P15.00 for his snacks.
How much money was left?
Ask: What is asked in the problem?
What are you going to do?
What is the best strategy that you can use?
How are you going to do it?

Discuss the steps in problem solving with pupils.
1. Understand
What is asked for? The amount of money left as savings
What are given? PhP30.00 and PhP15.00
2. Plan (Choose a strategy.)
What is the process to be used? Subtraction
What is the number sentence? PhP30.00 PhP15.00 =n
3. Solve using the strategy
Answer the number sentence. PhP15.00
4. Check, find out if the answer The answer is correct.
is reasonable or is there another 15 and 15 will make 30.
way of solving the problem.

Give another example.

Mark has PhP350.00. He gave P150.00 to his friend Jose. How much
money does he still have?

5 12 7 8 4
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Have the pupils solve the problem using the steps in solving a
problem.
Point out that they may use other strategies to arrive at the answer.
Say: Let us use this block in solving the problem. (Explain the
steps.)

Php350.00

50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Solve:

The original cost of slippers is PhP150.00. Avee bought a pair of
slippers for PhP35.00 less than the original cost. How much did she
spend for the pair of slippers?

Illustrate: ___________________________
Number Sentence: ________________
Answer: ___________________________

Form pupils into groups. Guide pupils in solving the word problems
under Activity 1 in the LM. Always point out the steps in solving
problems for every problem discussed. Discuss the different methods
they will use in solving the problems.
Answer Key: 1) 11 pages 2) 18 straws 3) 642 246 = 396

Ask: What did you do to solve the first word problem?
What steps did you undertake?
In what other ways of solving do you think the problem can be
solved? Which of these is better to use? Why?

Discuss how the other problems were solved and the methods they
used to solve these.

Tell pupils to answer the word problems individually. Remind them to
use the steps in problem solving.
a. Allans rope is 974 centimeters long while Tinos rope is 855
centimeters long. How many centimeters longer is Allans rope
than Tinos rope?
Solution: 974 855 =119 cm
b. What number is to be subtracted from 345 to get the difference
of 123?
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Solution: 345 123 =222 , subtract 222 from 345 to get 123

In solving problems:

Analyze and solve word problems using different strategies like
the Polyas method, block model and number line.

Have pupils work in pairs to solve the problem in Activity 2 in the LM.
Answers will vary depending on the height difference among pupils.

C. Evaluation
Tell the pupils to answer the word problems under Activity 3 in the LM.
Check their work.
Answer Key: 1)19 eggplants 2 PhP691.00 3) 333

D. Home Activity
Have pupils analyze and solve the word problems in Activity 4 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) PhP75.00
2) Pupils will create a problem using subtraction involving15 big stars
and 14 small stars

Lesson 27 Solving Two-Step Problems involving Addition
and Subtraction

Week 9

Objective
Solve two-step problems involving addition and subtraction of whole numbers
including money

Value Focus
Sharing

1. Concept of addition
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There were 234 Grade 1 and 357 Grade 2 pupils in

a school.
How many pupils were there in all?
How many more Grade 2 pupils are there
than Grade 1 pupils?
3. Analyzing and solving one-step word problems involving addition and
subtraction

Materials
Word problems on a chart, flash cards of addition and subtraction



1. Drill
Use the flash cards of addition and subtraction facts for the drill.

2. Review
Have the pupils read the problem.

Ask: What are asked for in the problem?
How will you solve the problem?
What are the possible ways of solving the problem?

3. Motivation
Have pupils form a three-part puzzle such as the one below.
Provide them colored cut-outs to be pasted on hard paper.
Commend pupils who formed the puzzle first.

Ask: What do you want to know about this picture?


Use the parts of the puzzle in presenting the lesson.
Ask: How many stars are there in each part of the puzzle?
How many stars are there in the whole puzzle?

Use 2 or 3 parts of the puzzle each time you present a problem
situation such as:
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Ask: If you put all the stars altogether then take away 10 stars, how
many stars would be left?
What will you do to solve this problem?
What steps are you going to use?

Say: Lets study the steps.

Understand Plan Solve Look Back
What is asked?
How many
stars would
be left

What are
given?
8, 5, and 6

What process will
be used?
Addition and
Subtraction

What is the
number
sentence?
(8 + 5 + 6) 10 =
Answer the
number
sentence.
(8 + 5 + 6) 10 =
19 10 = 9
Check if the
answer is
reasonable.

9 + 10 = 19

Discuss the process thoroughly with pupils.
Say: Heres another problem.

If you put together the black stars and white stars, and then
take away 3 stars, how many stars would be left?

Ask: How will you illustrate/show your answer using this block?

What did you do?

Guide the pupils to find the answer using traditional counting. (Let
pupils count each group of stars as represented by the blocks.)
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Ask: How many (stars) blocks are there in all?
Go back to the problem and ask pupils how many stars are to
be taken away.
Say: From the last blocks let us count backwards to three. Now,
count how many blocks are left.

Tell pupils that the problem can also be solved using a number
sentence. Guide them to illustrate the problem in symbols as
(5 + 6) 3 = 8.

Take another part of the puzzle.
Give this problem.

1. If you put the small and big stars together, then subtract 4 from the
sum, how many stars would there be?

Ask: How will you illustrate/show your answer using this number line?

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Lead the pupils to find the answer using traditional counting.
Tell them that the problem can be solved using a number sentence.
Guide them to illustrate the problem in symbols as
( 8 + 5 ) 4 = 9.

Present another example.

Prepare number blocks to be used in this activity.
Tell the pupils to use the numbers in the number blocks and answer the
questions given. Below are examples of the six faces of dice.

9 7 2 8 3 6
6
5
8
5 4 1
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A B

Ask: If you roll the number block twice in A and in B, what will
happen? If in A, you got 7 and 6, what is the sum? If in B, you
got 8 and 9, what is the sum? If you subtract the smaller sum
from the bigger sum, what could be the answer?

Let pupils answer individually.

Give another problem.

Jose and Nilo went to the seashore to gather shells for their
science project. Jose was able to gather 231 seashells while Nilo has
187 seashells. They put together their seashells and gave 115
seashells to Helena. How many seashells were left?

Emphasize the use of grouping symbols, in writing a number sentence
in 2-step word problems.
Tell pupils that the hidden question is represented in symbols, such as
the grouping symbols.
Using the puzzle parts, ask volunteers to make their own story problems
and find the answer using the two methods learned.

Group pupils. Have them solve the problems in Activity 1 in the LM
using Polyas method, number line or block model.

Answer Key:
1) (12 + 12) 15 = N; 12 + 12 = 24; 24 15 = 9 eggs
2) (224 + 216) 325 =N; 440 325 = 115
3) (PhP3 400 + PhP2 900) PhP1 800 = N;
PhP6 300 PhP1 800 = PhP4 500
4) 43 + 12 = 55; 43 12 = 31

Ask:
a. What operations did you use in solving problem 1? 2? 3? 4?
b. What grouping symbols did you use?
c. What do these grouping symbols tell?
d. What steps did you follow in solving the word problems?
e. What different ways did you use to solve the problem?
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Call on pupils to do the exercises in Activity 2 of the LM. Guide pupils in
solving the word problems using the different strategies.
Answer Key:
1) (673 + 75) 569= 179 2) (PhP1 457 + PhP985) PhP895 = PhP1 547
3) (PhP1 500 + PhP900) (PhP950 + PhP295) = PhP2 400 PhP1 245 =
PhP1 155

Ask: How do we solve two-step word problems involving addition
and subtraction of whole numbers?

In solving two-step word problems involving addition and subtraction,
the following steps are to be followed:
1. Read, understand, plan, and solve the problem then review/check
your answer (Polyas method).
2. Use other ways or strategies in answering the problem such as the
block model and number line.

Tell pupils to write an appropriate number sentence for the problem
then solve.
Gina bought a pack of biscuit for PhP5.00 and a glass of gulaman for
PhP5.00. If she was given PhP20.00 allowance that day, how much
money did she still have?

C. Evaluation
Tell the pupils to answer the word problems in Activity 3 in the LM. Have
pupils choose from any of the strategies in solving the word problems.
Answer Key:
1) (PhP125.00 + PhP36.00) PhP100.00 = PhP61.00
2) (62 + 37) 45 = 54
3) (PhP5 500.00 + PhP2 500.00) PhP6 500.00 = PhP1 500.00

D. Home Activity
Give Activity 4 in the LM as assignment. Check pupils answers during the
next meeting.
Answer Key:
1) (45 + 50) 35 = 60 2) PhP2 680 (PhP670.00 + PhP56.00) = PhP1 954.00

Lesson 28 Creating Problems involving Addition
DRAFT
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and Subtraction

Week 10

Objective
Create problems involving addition and/or subtraction of whole numbers
including money with reasonable answers

Value Focus
Accuracy

Steps in analyzing and solving word problems

Materials
Word problems involving addition and subtraction including money



1. Drill
Use flash cards of addition and subtraction facts.

2. Review
Use strips of paper with given data, number sentence and operation
to be used. Then have pupils plot this on a chart.

Example:

Operation Given Facts Number
Sentence
Clue

Ramon picked 16 guavas from one tree and 15 guavas from
another tree. How many guavas did he pick in all?
He gave 18 guavas to his friends. How many guavas were left?
18 guavas
31 18 = n left
addition
In all 16 and 15 guavas
Subtraction 16 + 15 = n
DRAFT
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3. Motivation
Look at the picture in Activity 1 in the LM.

Ask: What can you say about the picture?
How many objects are big?
How many objects are small?
How many objects are there in all?
If we remove 8 objects, how many would be left?


a. Tell pupils to perform the activity individually.
Say: Using the picture above, create a simple problem involving
addition and subtraction processes.

1) Addition

2) Subtraction

3) Two-step procedure

Show another box with words/figures. Do the same procedure above.
Say: Create a simple problem using the data in the box.

b. Let pupils create a word problem in Activity 2 in the LM.

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Form pupils into groups consisting of at least four pupils in each group.
Create addition and subtraction word problems using the given data
in Activity 3 in the LM.

Ask: How did you create one-step word problems involving
addition and involving subtraction?

Answer the exercise in pairs using the Activity 4 A in the LM.
Compose word problems using the given data using addition and
subtraction processes.

Ask: What are the important things to remember in creating word
problems?

Follow these steps in analyzing and solving word problems.
1. Determine what to find in the problem.
2. Determine the needed given facts.
3. Determine the operation to be used.
4. Identify the number sentence.
5. Find the answer to the problem.

Answer individually the exercise in Activity B in the LM.
Create word problems using the given data in the LM involving
addition and subtraction processes.

C. Evaluation
Give the exercise under Activity 5 in the LM. Let them answer individually.
Pupils create word problems using the given data using addition and
subtraction processes. Then, they solve the problem.

D. Home Activity
Give Activity 6 in the LM. Have pupils create word problems based on
their expenses in a day using addition, subtraction and two-step process.
Then have them solve the word problem.

DRAFT
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Lesson 29 Visualizing Multiplication of the Numbers 6 and 7

Week 1

Objective
Visualize the multiplication of the numbers 6 and 7

Value Focus
Orderliness

1. Multiplication tables from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
2. Concept of getting the product from the multiplicand and multiplier

Materials
1. Multiplication sentence on the chart and flash cards of multiplication tables
from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
2. Manipulatives like popsicle sticks, flats and longs, etc.



1. Drill
Use the flashcards of multiplication tables from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 for the drill.

2. Review
In 4 X 2 = 8, which is the multiplicand? the multiplier? the product?

Have the pupils complete some multiplication sentences on the board.
1) 3 2) 4 3) 5 4) 6 5) 7
x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5

3. Motivation
Ask:
What are the things that you need during art activities?
After you finished your art activities, what do with your materials? Why do you
have to this?

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1. Presentation
Have the pupils read the story problem in LM.

Carla has crayons: 2 red, 2 yellow, 2 blue, 2 green 2 violet and 2
orange crayons. How many crayons does Carla have?

Ask: How many crayons are there?

Say: These are Carlas crayons.

red yellow blue green violet orange

Ask: How many groups of crayons are there?
How many crayons are there in each group?
How many crayons are there in all?

2 2 2 2 2 2

Say: There are 6 groups of crayons.
There are 2 crayons in each group.

2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 12

Ask: How many groups of twos are there? (6 groups of twos)
This is the way we write the multiplication sentence: 6 x 2 = 12
So, 6 groups of twos is 6 x 2 = 12

Repeated addition sentence: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 +2 = 12
Multiplication sentence: 6 x 2 = 12

Show another set of boxes with circles. Do the same procedure above.

3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 18

Ask: How many groups of circles are there? (6)
How many circles are there in each group? (3)
How many circles are there in all? (18)
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This is the way we write the multiplication sentence: 6 x 3 = 18

Repeated addition sentence: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + = 18

Ask: What if you will add 2 more brown crayons, how many crayons will there
be?

red yellow blue green violet orange brown

Repeated addition sentence: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 14
Multiplication sentence : 7 x 2 = 14 crayons

Show another box with circles. Do the same procedure above.

3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 21
Repeated addition sentence: 3 + 3 + 3+ 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 21
Multiplication sentence : 7 x 3 = 21 circles

Divide the class into 4 groups. Let each group complete the activity given to
them. Encourage pupils to use other objects to visualize multiplication of the
numbers 6 and 7.
Group 1 Ask the group to draw objects to show multiplication.
Illustration (using
objects)
Repeated addition
sentence
Multiplication
sentence
6 groups of
1

1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 6 6 x 1 = 6
6 groups of
2

6 groups of
3

6 groups of
4

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6 groups of
5

Group 2 Provide enough graphing paper/s and let them color the squares
to show multiplication.
Illustration (using array) Repeated
addition
sentence
Multiplication
sentence
6 groups of
6

6 rows with 6 squares in each row
6 + 6 + 6 + 6
+ 6+ 6 = 36
6 x 6 = 36
6 groups of
7

6 groups of
8

6 groups of
9

6 groups of
10

Illustration (using array) Repeated
addition
sentence
Multiplication
sentence
7 groups of 1

7 rows with 1 square in each
row
1 + 1 + 1 + 1 +
1 + 1 + 1 = 7
7 x 1 = 7
7 groups of 2
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7 groups of 3
7 groups of 4
7 groups of 5
Illustration (using objects) Repeated
addition
sentence
Multiplication
sentence
7 groups of 6

7 x 6 = 42

7 groups of 7
7 groups of 8
7 groups of 9
7 groups of 10

What did your group do in visualizing multiplication of the numbers 6 and 7?
Group 1?
Group 2?
Group 3?
Group 4?
How is repeated addition related to multiplication sentence?
What is a multiplier? multiplicand? product?

Let the pupils answer Activity 1 and 2 in LM in pairs.

What is multiplication?
How do we get the product in multiplication?
What is a multiplier? multiplicand?

a. Multiplication is repeated addition.
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b. To get the product in multiplication, multiply the multiplicand by the

multiplier.
c. Multiplier tells the number of times a number is to be added or the
number of sets/groups while multiplicand is the number to be added or
the number of elements in a set.

Lead pupils to complete multiplication sentences with the correct product in

7. Evaluation
Tell the pupils to answer the Activity 4 in the LM individually.

8. Home Activity
Let pupils do Activity 5 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 18 2) 42 3) 8 4) 9 5) 54

Lesson 30 Visualizing Multiplication of the Numbers 8 and 9

Week 1

Objective
Visualize the multiplication of the numbers 8 and 9

Value Focus
Sharing

1. Concept of multiplication tables from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
2. Concept of getting the product from the multiplicand and multiplier

Materials
Flash cards of multiplication tables from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7



1. Drill
Use the flashcards of multiplication tables from 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 for the drill.

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2. Review
Multiply:

Product
6 x 4
6 x 7
7 x 3
7 x 5
7 x 8

3. Motivation
Show a picture of a girl.
Say: This is Mary Ann. She likes to share whatever snack she has
for her baon with her classmates.
Do you also share things like Mary Ann? What are the things
that you like to share? Why is it good to share some of your
things like food, toys, etc.?


1. Presentation
Have the pupils read the story problem below (also found in the LM).

Mary Anns mother bought 8 boxes of donuts for Maryanns birthday
party. If there were 6 donuts in a box, how many donuts were there in all ?

Ask: How are you going to solve the problem?

Ask: How many boxes were there? _________________________
How many donuts in each box?_________________________
How many donuts are there in all? _________________________

Lets illustrate:

Repeated addition sentence: 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 48
Multiplication Sentence: 8 x 6 = 48 donuts
6 6 6 6
6 6 6 6
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Say: There are 8 boxes.
Each box has 6 donuts.
There are 48 donuts altogether.

Ask: What if there were nine boxes with 6 donuts, how many donuts are
there?

Illustrate:

Repeated addition sentence: 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 54
Multiplication sentence : 9 x 6 = 54 donuts

Show another set of boxes with s in each. Do the same procedure above.

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Ask: How many boxes are there?
How many s are there in each box?
How many s are there in all? (16)
Write: Repeated addition sentence: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 16

Show another set of boxes with s in each. Do the same procedure above.

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

Ask: How many boxes are there?
How many s are there in each box?
How many s are there in all? (18)
Write: Repeated Addition sentence: 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 = 18
Multiplication sentence : 9 x 2 = 18
6 6 6 6 6 6
6 6 6
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Divide the class into groups. Let them complete the multiplication table of 8
and 9 in LM Activity 1 in the LM. Discuss their answers afterwards.

What did you do in visualizing multiplication of the numbers 8 and 9?
How is repeated addition related to multiplication sentence?
What is a multiplier? multiplicand? product?
Let pupils identify the multiplier, multiplicand and product in some of the
multiplication sentences.

Let pupils answer Activity 2 in the LM by pairs. Discuss their answers
afterwards.

What is a multiplier? multiplicand?

a. Multiplication is repeated addition.
b. To get the product in multiplication, multiply the multiplicand by the
multiplier.
c. Multiplier tells the number of times a number is to be added or the
number of sets/groups while multiplicand is the number to be added or
the number of elements in a set.

Let pupils answer Activity 3 in the LM by pairs.
Answer Key:
1) Repeated addition: 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 +3 = 27
2) Repeated addition: 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 +5 + 5 + 5 + 5 = 40
3) Repeated addition: 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 54

7. Evaluation
Let pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM individually in their notebook.

8. Home Activity
Assign Activity 5 in the LM.

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Lesson 31 Stating Multiplication Facts for Numbers 1 to 10

Week 2

Objective
State multiplication facts for numbers 1 through 10

Value Focus
Be alert

Basic facts in Multiplication 1 through 10

Materials
Flash cards of basic facts in multiplication



1. Drill
Tell the pupils to give the product. Use flash cards with multiplication facts 1 to
5.
e.g.

2. Review
Lead the pupils in answering the activity.
Give the multiplication sentence for the given number phrase.
1. 3 rows of 2
2. 2 rows of 6
3. 4 sets of 5
4. 6 sets of 7
5. 9 groups of 4

3. Motivation
Ask: Is 4 rows of 2 the same as 4 sets of 2?
Is 3 sets of 5 the same as 5 sets of 3?
Prove your answer.

2x6 2x3 3x8 5x1 4x7
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1. Presentation
Tell pupils to answer the basic facts in multiplication using window cards or
worksheet or written on a Manila paper. e.g.

6 4 9 4 8 4 3
x 2 x 5 x 9 x 4 x 8 x 7 x 3

2 8 7 8 5 6 5
x 5 x 9 x 4 x 2 x 9 x 5 x 7

6 8 6 8 2 2 9
x 7 x 7 x 4 x 4 x 5 x 7 x 7

9 6 2 4 3 5 3
x 6 x 0 x 3 x 9 x 8 x 4 x 9

Call pupils to give the products.
Group the equation according to multiplication table.

Lead the pupils in answering Activity 1 in the LM in groups.

Directions:
1. The numbers in the 1
st
column are the multipliers while the numbers in the
1
st
row are the multiplicands.
2. Write the products in line with the multiplier. .

After the groups have finished their work, call some pupils to answer the
activity.

Call some pupils to recite the products of multiplication table 1, 2, 3, and so
on.

3. Processing the Lesson
What is the process of stating the multiplication facts?

Call pupils to give the products of the number sentences in Activity 2 in LM on
the board.
Answer Key: 1) 5 2) 18 3) 21 4) 16 5) 30 6) 6 7) 21 8) 64 9) 90 10) 20
11) 18 12) 32 13) 54 14) 80 15) 28
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How do we get the product of numbers in the Table of 10?

Multiplication is repeated addition.
To get the product in multiplication, multiply the multiplicand to the multiplier.

Lead the pupils in answering Activity 3 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: Pupils answers may vary
Sample answer:
A. 1) 2 x 5 = 10 2) 5 x 6 = 30 3) 5 x 7 = 35 4) 6 x 9 = 54 5) 7 x 9 = 63

7. Evaluation
Lead pupils to do Activity 4 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) 12 2) 56 3) 60 4) 16 5) 63 6) 21 7) 30 8) 35 9) 36 10) 40
11) 40 12) 81 13) 14 14) 24 15) 36 16) 3 17) 27 18) 24 19) 48 20) 12

8. Home Activity
Answer Key: 1) 10 2) 27 3) 5 4) 35 5) 10 6) 8 7) 24 8) 2 9) 80 10) 6
Lesson 32 Commutative Property of Multiplication

Week 2

Objective
Apply the commutative property of multiplication

Value Focus
Accuracy

Multiplication tables 1 to 10

Materials
Flash cards of multiplication sentences

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1. Drill
Use flashcards of basic multiplication facts.

2. Review
Have some pupils recite the multiplication table from 1 to 10 through a game
entitled Who am I?
Example: My factors are 3 and 4, what number am I?

3. Motivation
Show the illustration to the class.
Mimi Nene

Ask: What can you see in the picture?
How many boxes of bread did Mimi arranged? How many pieces of
bread are there in each box?
How many pieces of bread did Mimi arrange in all?
How many boxes of bread did Nene arranged? How many pieces of
bread are there in each box?
How many pieces of bread did Nene arranged in all?
Do they have the same number of pieces?


Say: Let pupils look at the similar illustration in Lesson 32 of the LM. Have
them study the given data. Ask pupils to write the multiplication sentence for
each set of objects.

Multiplication sentence: ________________________
9x3
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Multiplication sentence: ________________________
Ask: If you are to put a relation symbol in between the two number
sentences, what would that be: >, < or =? Why?

How did you determine the pairs of multiplication facts?
Why did you say that the numbers are in pairs?
What are these pairs of numbers?

Lets study another example:
3 x 4 is equal to 4 x 3
12 12

Therefore: 3 x 4 = 4 x 3
12 = 12
Ask: What did you notice about the factors?
How about the product?
Say: The position of the factors changes but the product is the same.
This property of multiplication is called commutative property.

If the given equation is 5 x 2, what will be the other equation that exhibits the
commutative property?

Lead the pupils to perform Activity 1 in the LM. Have them work in pairs.
Guide pupils while doing the activity. Answer the activity afterwards. Clarify
misconceptions if necessary.
Answer Key: 1) e 2) f 3) b 4) a 5) d

Ask: What is the commutative property of multiplication?
How do we apply the commutative property of multiplication?

Lead pupils to name the missing factors in Activity 2 in the LM.

Answer Key: 1) 4 2) 5 3) 6 4) 4 5) 7

What is the commutative property of multiplication?
How do we apply the commutative property of multiplication?
3x9
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The commutative property of multiplication states that the order of the
given factors does not affect the product or changing the order of the
factors does not change the product.
Example: 9 x 3 = 3 x 9

Guide pupils in answering Activity 3 in the LM. Provide similar situations if
necessary.
Answer Key:

Lilibeths stars: 6 x 3 = 18

Anas stars:

6 x 3 = 3 x 6
18 = 18
Lilibeths stars is equal to Anas stars

7. Evaluation
Tell the pupils to apply commutative property of multiplication by doing
Answer Key: 1) d, 8 2)e, 45 3) a, 42 4) b, 48 5) c, 72

8. Home Activity
Assign Activity 5 in the LM as their homework.
Answer Key: 1) 8 x 5 = 40 2) 7; 42 3) 7; 63 4) 4; 24 5) 9; 27 6) 2 x 7 = 14

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Lesson 33 Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition

Week 2

Objective
Multiply 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers using the distributive property of
multiplication

Value Focus
Active participation and Orderliness

1. Writing 2-digit numbers in expanded form
2. Basic multiplication facts
3. Adding 2- to 3-digit numbers

Materials
Flash cards, number sentences



1. Drill
Call five pupils and have them answer multiplication facts like . Call
on a new set of 5 pupils for every multiplication fact.
e.g.

2. Review
Flash cards and call on pupils to give the expanded form of the number.
e.g.

3. Motivation
Present this situation:
I have 2 sets of 59 ribbons. How many ribbons do I have in all?

Ask: How can we get the answer to this problem?

76 = 70 + 6 37 = 30 + 7
6 x 2 8 x 9 3 x 7
8 x 5
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Show the answer to 2 x 59 using repeated addition.
59 + 59 =
Say: Another way is by using the expanded form.
Call a pupil to write 59 in expanded form.
Call another pupil to multiply 50 by 2 and 9 by 2. Let them write the partial
products. Ask them to add the partial products to get the final product.
59 = 50 + 9
x 2 x 2 + x 2
100 18
So, 100 + 18 = 118

Have the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM.
a. Use the first number for discussion.
12
x 4
= 10 + 2

Say: When we write 12 we have the tens and the ones part (point to 10 and
2 while saying tens and ones). We now use the expanded form to multiply
with 4.

Write x 4 under 10 to show =

Multiply 4 x 10. Write the product.

12
x 4

Write x 4 under 2 and get the product

12
x 4
= 10
x 4
40
+ 2
x 4
8

Say: Since 10 + 2 = 12, then we also add 40 and 8 to get the product.

12
x 4
48
= 10 +
x 4__
= 40 +
2
x 4
8

12
x 4
10+ 2
x 4
= 10+ 2
x 4
40
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Let us try this:

Give emphasis on multiplying multiples of 10 by1-digit number. If possible,
have a snappy exercise using flash cards. Give also exercises on multiplying
with 0.

Have the pupils answer Activity 1 numbers 3 to 5 in pairs.

Answer Key:
3) 39 = 30 + 9 4) 41 = 40 + 1 5) 57 = 50 + 7
x 5 = x 5 x 8 = x 8 x 3 = x 3
150 + 45 = 195 320 + 8 = 328 150 + 21 = 171

Call pupils to share how they solve numbers 3 to 5 of Activity 1.
Call on pupils to give each step of multiplying 2-digit number by 1-digit
number.
Emphasize on distributing the multiplier over sum of the tens and ones and
say that this is called the distributive property of multiplication.

Have the pupils answer Activity 1 numbers 6 to 10 and Activity 2 in the LM.
Let them observe that it is easier to use the distributive property of
multiplication especially if one of the factors is a 2-digit number.
Answer Key:
Activity 1:
6) 6= 6
x 54= x 50 + 4
300 + 24 =
324
7) 7= 7
x 93= x 90 + 3
630 + 21 =
651
8) 9= 9
x 82= x 80 + 2
720 + 18 =
738
9) 2= 2
x 79= x 70 + 9
140 + 18 =
158
10) 3= 3
x 68= x 60 + 8
180 + 24 =
204

Activity 2:
1) 14 = 10 + 4
x 2= x 2
20 + 8 =
28
2) 25 = 20 + 5
x 5= x 5
100 + 25 =
125
3) 52 = 50 + 2
x 2= x 2
100 + 4 =
104
4) 19 = 10 + 9
x 3= x 3
30 + 27 =
57
5) 27 = 20 + 7
x 4= x 4
80 + 28 =
108
6) 33 = 30 + 3
x 2= x 2
60 + 6 =
66
7) 43 = 40 + 3
x 2= x 2
80 + 6 =
86
8) 36 = 30 + 6
x 5= x 5
150 + 30 =
180
9) 43 = 40 + 3
x 6= x 6
240 + 18 =
258
10) 54 = 50 + 4
x 7= x 7
350 + 28 =
378

Ask: What is an easy way of multiplying 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers?
25 = 20 + 5
x 2 =x 2 x 2
40 + 10 = 50
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How do you use the distributive property?

To multiply 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers easily, use the
distributive property.
We use the 1-digit number to multiply with the tens first, then with
the ones and add. (Emphasize that this is used for mental
computation.)

a. Introduce the sentence game. Make multiplication sentences enough for
the class.
b. Write the multiplication facts, distributive form of the factors and their
corresponding products separately on sheets of paper.
e.g.
c. Distribute the papers to the class. Make sure that all pupils will receive a
sheet of paper.
d. Tell the pupils to find their group mates so that the numbers written on the
sheets of paper that they are holding will give them the same answer.
e. Once they find their group mates, let them sit down together.
f. Give the class only three minutes to do this. Remind them to find their
group mates quietly and orderly.

After 3 minutes, the pupils will post their numbers on the board. Call each
group to present their numbers. Let them explain why they put together those
numbers.
Ask the pupils how the class performed/did the game. Why is it necessary to
participate actively and in orderly manner?

C. Evaluation
Have pupils answer Activity 3 in the LM. Check their work.
Answer Key: 1) c 2) a 3) e 4) b 5) f

D. Home Activity
Ask pupils to do Activity 4 in the LM at home.
Answer Key:

1) 15 = 10 + 5
x 9= x 9
90 + 45 =
135
2) 29 = 20 + 9
x 2= x 2
40 + 18 =
58
3) 38 = 30 + 8
x 7= x 7
210 + 56 =
266
4) 63 = 60 + 3
x 3 = x 3
180 + 9 =
189
5) 82 = 80 + 2
x 4= x 4
320 + 8 =
328

258 (40 x 6) + (3 x 6) 43 x 6
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Lesson 34 Associative Property of Multiplication

Week 2

Objective
Multiply three 1-digit numbers by using the associative property of multiplication

Basic multiplication facts, properties of multiplication

Materials
Flash cards with multiplication facts, ball or an improvised ball (e.g. made from
crumpled paper/newspaper), picture of fruits with numbers



1. Drill
Let the pupils pass a ball or an improvised ball while singing a song learned in
Music class. Say, STOP after they sang a few lines of the song. The pupil who
is handling the ball will answer one multiplication fact, e.g. . Do this until
they have finished singing the song or all the prepared items have been
answered.

2. Review
Review pupils on multiplying 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers using the
distributive property of multiplication. Formulate exercises where they supply
the missing digit in the problem.
e.g.

3. Motivation
Draw a flower with 5 big petals on the board or Manila paper. Mark the
petals 1-5. Have pupils answer the multiplication facts, e.g. and
call on pupils to write their answers on the petals.

7 x 3
18 x 6 = (10 x ___) + (___ x 6) = ___ + ____ = ____
8
x 6
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Divide the class into four groups. Let them listen to you and ask them to follow
the directions carefully. Provide each group with the same three 1-digit
number. The numbers are 6, 2, 5.

Let the pupils do the following:
a. Form two circles on a piece of paper.
b. Write your solution on the first circle. Multiply the first and second
number. Then multiply your answer to the third number. What is the
answer? Put a box on your final answer.
c. Now, write your solution on the second circle. Multiply the second digit
and third digit. Then, multiply their product with the first digit. What is the
answer? Box your final answer.
Expected answer on the first circle:
(6 x 2 ) x 5 =
12 x 5 = 60
Expected answer on the second circle:
6 x (2 x 5) =
6 x 10 = 60

Let a pupil write on the board his/her solution and answer on the first circle.
Let another pupil write on the board his/her answer on the second circle.

Ask: What are the three 1-digit numbers? (6, 2 , 5)
What did you do on the first circle?
What did you do on the second circle?
What did we use to group the factors? (parentheses)
Did we use the same numbers?
What can you say about the answers?

Discuss extensively that when grouping and multiplying the factors, we arrive
at the same answer.

Present the steps in multiplying three 1-digit numbers using associative
property.

To multiply three 1-digit numbers using associative property, here are the
following steps:

1. Multiply first the factors enclosed in parentheses.
2. Multiply the answer to the remaining factor.

Ask this question.
What answers did you get?
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Elicit this answer from the pupils.

When three numbers are multiplied, the product is the same regardless of the
grouping of the factors.

(Put open and close parentheses for two 1-digit numbers that should be
multiplied.)

Say: If a, b and c are the three numbers, then a x (b x c) = (a x b) x c.

Give more examples.

Divide the class into groups. Refer pupils to Activity 1 in the LM. Have them
find the product of the numbers using associative property of multiplication.
Answer Key:
1) 3 x 4 x 2 = (3 x 4) x 2 = 3 x (4 x 2) = 24
2) 1 x 6 x 6 = (1 x 6) x 6 = 1 x (6 x 6) = 36
3) 4 x 5 x 6 = (4 x 5) x 6 = 4 x (5 x 6) = 120
4) 6 x 2 x 3 = (6 x 2) x 3 = 6 x (2 x 3) = 36
5) 9 x 8 x 5 = (9 x 8) x 5 = 9 x (8 x 5) = 360

How did you find the activity? Do you find it easy/difficult to multiply three 1-
digit numbers?
What steps do we follow in multiplying three 1-digit numbers by using the
associative property of multiplication?

Let the pupils do Activity 2 in the LM.
Let them find the product using the associative property of multiplication by
grouping the first two factors first or by grouping the last two factors first
before multiplying to the third factor.
Discuss their solutions and answers afterwards
Answer Key:
1) 2 x 3 x 5 = (2 x 3) x 5 or 2 x (3 x 5) = 30
2) 4 x 7 x 2 = (4 x 7) x 2 or 4 x (7 x 2) = 56
3) 6 x 1 x 4 = (6 x 1) x 4 or 6 x (1 x 4) = 24
4) 8 x 5 x 3 = (8 x 5) x 3 or 8 x (5 x 3) = 120
5) 9 x 4 x 5 = (9 x 4) x 5 or 9 x (4 x 5) = 180

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To multiply three 1-digit numbers using associative property:

Multiply first the factors in parentheses.
Multiply the answer to the remaining factor.
When three numbers are multiplied, the product is the
same regardless of the grouping of the factors.

Have pupils do the puzzle given in Activity 3 in the LM. Guide them in
answering the puzzle.
Answer Key:

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM on their paper.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
B. 1) 3; 54 2) 8; 160 3) 7; 168 4) 2; 108 5) 8; 24

D. Home Activity
Let the pupils do Activity 5 in the LM. Check pupils answers.
Answer Key:
1) (2 x 8) x _3_ = (2 x 8) x 3 = 48
2) (7 x _4_) x 6 = 7 x (4 x 6) = 168
3) 5 x (9 x 2) = (_5_ x 9) x 2 = 90
4) (4 x 8 ) x 7 = 4 x (8 x 7) = 224
5) 6 x ( 6 x 3) = (6 x _6_) x 3 = 108

1
2 3
5 6
4
7
8
9
1 6
5
4 2 4 9
1
9
0 7 2
2
0
4
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Lesson 35 Multiplying 2- to 3-Digit numbers by 1-Digit Numbers

without Regrouping

Week 3

Objective
Multiply 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without regrouping

Value Focus
Cooperation

2. Place value
3. Properties of multiplication

Materials
Flashcards, charts, activity cards, flats, longs and ones, place value mat/chart, 24
balls



1. Drill
Conduct a drill on basic multiplication facts using flash cards.
Use facts that are not yet mastered by the pupils.

2. Review
Review the parts of a multiplication sentence.
In the following multiplication sentences, box the multiplicand, encircle the
multiplier, and underline the product.
1) 7 x 8 = 56 2) 4 x 9 = 36 3) 5 x 10 = 50
4) 6 5) 8
x 5 x 6
30 48

3. Motivation
Introduce the Box that Ball game to the class.
Form two groups of pupils with 12 members each. Give 12 balls to each
group. Let them line up parallel to each other. Place one box opposite each
group. At the given signal, each member will run towards the box, put one
ball inside it then go back to the line. The first runner will tap the next runners
shoulder to signal that he will be the next. This will continue until the 12th
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member has placed his/her ball in the box. The first group to finish will be
declared winner.
Valuing:
Ask: 1. Which group won?
2. What did the group do to become the winner?
3. What caused the delay of the other group?
4. What will you do next time?



Box A has 12 balls. Box B has 12 balls.

Ask: How many balls are there in box A? in box B?
How many balls are there in all?

Let us solve the problem in different ways:
Using real objects/manipulatives
Ask 3 pupils to get the balls from box A and another 3 pupils to get the balls
from box B. Let them count all the balls and write the answer on the board.
12 balls + 12 balls = 24 balls
How will you write the addition sentence into a multiplication sentence? How
many groups of 12 balls do we have?
2 groups of 12 balls 2 x 12 = 24

Suppose you want to find how many are 4 groups of 21.
You can use you flats, longs and ones to represent the contents of the groups.

4 groups of 21
4 x 21 = ?

A B
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Ask: How many ones are there? How many longs?

If we will place all the longs and ones together, what will be the product?

What is the value of 8 longs? ( 8 x 10 = 80 )
What is the value of 4 ones? ( 4 x 1 = 4 )
So, what is the total value of 8 longs and 4
ones?
8 longs + 4 ones 80 + 4 = 84
So, 4 x 21 = 84

Using Place Value/Long Method

We can also write 4 x 21 in vertical form. Which of the two factors is the
multiplicand? multiplier?
4 x 21 = 84 21 multiplicand
x 4 multiplier
multiplier multiplicand product 84 product
How will you multiply the numbers in vertical form?
We will do it by place value.

tens ones
2 1
x 4
4

tens ones
2 1
x 4
8 4

So, the product is 84.

Ask: Did we get the same answer using the two methods?
Which of the two do you like more? Why?
Can you also use repeated addition in getting the product?
How do we multiply numbers using the place value method?
Where do we start multiplying? In what place value do we always
start?

a. Group Activity
Now, let us try to get the product of more numbers.
Divide the class into 2. Give each group an activity card. One group will
use the manipulative method to get the product and the other group will
Multiply the digits in the ones place. (4 x 1 = 4)
Place the answer in the ones place.
Then, multiply the multiplier by the digit in the tens
place. (4 x 2 = 8)
Place the answer in the tens place.
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do the place value method. Have one pupil from each group to be a
leader and report to the class their answer.

Activity Card 1 Activity Card 2

Expected answers:

= 68

tens ones
3 4
x 2
6 8
Find the product using
the place value method.
a. 34 x 2
b. 232 x 3
a. 34 x 2
b. 232 x 3
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b. Pair Activity
Have the pupils answer Activity 1 in their LM by pair. Let them use their
flats, longs and ones in finding the product.
hundreds tens ones
2 3 2
X 3
6 9 6
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Answer Key:
1) 84 2) 99 3) 69 4) 488 5) 484

c. Individual Activity
Have the pupils answer Activity 2 in their LM individually. Let them use the
place value method to get the product.
Answer Key:
1) 48 2) 86 3) 159 4) 1 648 5) 628

Ask: How do we multiply 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without
regrouping?

In multiplying 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without regrouping,
remember the following steps:
Multiply the ones. Write the product under the ones place.
Then, multiply the digit in the tens place by the multiplier. Write the
product under the tens place.
Lastly, multiply the digit in the hundreds place by the multiplier. Write the
product under the hundreds place.

a. Group Activity
Divide the class in 5 groups. Let them choose a leader and a secretary.
Give each group an activity card to solve. Let them use the place value
method to get the answer. Then let each group post their work on the
board. The leader will report to the class the solution and answer of their
group.
Activity Card 1

Activity Card 2

Read and solve the problem. Show the solution and label your
final answer.

The library has 3 shelves of books. Each shelf has 32 books. How
many books are there in all?
final answer.

There are 54 pieces of cotton buds in one pack. If there are 5
packs, how many pieces of cotton buds are there?
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Activity Card 3

Activity Card 4

Activity Card 5

Answer Key:
1) 33 2) 99 3) 93 4) 363 5) 69 6) 696 7) 336 8) 639

C. Evaluation
Ask pupils to work on the exercises under Activity 4 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 128 2) 624 3) 448 4) 309 5) 84

D. Home Activity
Give Activity 5 in the LM as assignment. Check pupils work.
Answer Key:
1) 96 2) 86 3) 48 4) 633 5) 848

final answer.

What is the product of 321 times 3?
final answer.

There were 123 Cab Scouts went on a tour. Each Cab Scout
brought back 2 kinds of leaves for the show and tell. How many
leaves did they bring in all?
final answer.

Kathleen collected 21 seashells. Kate Anne collected four times
as many seashells as Kathleen has. How many seashells did
Kate Anne collect in all?
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Lesson 36 Multiplying 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers

with Regrouping

Week 3

Objective
Multiply 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers with regrouping

Value Focus
Cooperation

2. Concept of multiplication and its operation
3. Place value
4. Properties of multiplication

Materials
Flash cards, charts, activity cards, flats, longs and ones, place value mat/chart



1. Drill
Conduct a drill on basic multiplication facts using flash cards. Use facts that
are not yet mastered by the pupils.

2. Review
Checking of assignment

3. Motivation
Invite pupils to a game: Find my Product.

Make 2 sets of cards. The first set of cards is multiplication sentences while the
other set is the answers to it. Distribute the cards to the pupils. Give the pupils
3-5 minutes to find their partners by finding the correct multiplication
sentence with its correct product. The first pair to find his/her partner is the
winner.

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Examples of cards:

B. Development Activities

Pose a challenge: What is the product of 28 and 4?

Give them time to answer the question.
Call some pupils to tell their answers and ask how they came up with that
answer. Let them explain their answer.

Ask: How did you know which of the two numbers is the multiplicand?
multiplier?
If you exchange the position of the factors, is the product affected?
What property of multiplication does it show?

Now, let us solve the problem using flats, longs and ones.
Ask: What will be our multiplication sentence?
(28 x 4 or 4 x 28)
What does 28 x 4 or 4 x 28 mean in terms of groups or sets?
(28 groups of 4 or 4 groups of 28)

Divide the class into two. One group will do 28 groups of 4 and the other
group will do 4 groups of 28. Supervise the pupils in doing the activity.

28 groups of 4
12 x 3 =
42 x 2 =
32 x 3 =
22 x 4 = 10 x 5 =
233 x 3 =
131 x 2 =
221 x 4 =
412 x 2 = 302 x 3 =
84 884
262
50
88
96
824
906
699 36
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Ask: How many ones do you have in all?
How many ones will make one long?
How many longs can you make out of the 28 groups of 4?

Guide the pupils to trade 10 ones for one long and let them arrange the longs
and the remaining ones.

Ask: How many longs did we make? (11 longs)
How many longs will make one flat? (10 longs)
Can we make one flat out of 11 longs?

Let the pupils trade 10 longs with one flat.
How many flats do you have now?
How many longs are there?
How many ones are there?
So how many flats, longs and ones do we have in all?

=

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What is the value of one flat, one long and two ones? (112)
So what is 28 x 4 equal to? (112)

Let us try to see the other group.
Did you get the same answer?

4 groups of 28

We have 8 longs and
32 ones.
Can we make longs
out of 32 ones?
How many longs can
we make?

We have 11 longs and
2 ones.
Can we make a flat
out of 11 longs?
How many flats can
we make?

We have 1 flat, 1 long and 2 ones.
What is the value of 1 flat, 1 long and 2 ones?

Did the two groups get the same answer?
Does changing the position of the factors affect the product?
Which one is easier, 28 groups of 4 or 4 groups of 28? Why?

What if you do not have flats, longs and ones to use? What will you do to get the
answer? 4 groups of 28 = 28 + 28 + 28 + 28 = 112 but there are times when adding
the same repeatedly becomes tiring. We can use the place value method or the
long form of multiplication instead.

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Answer: 112

Ask: Now, how will you get the product of 234 and 4 using the place value
method?

Let the pupils do the activity by pair and have some do it on the board.
Guide them in doing the activity.

Did we get the same answer using flats, longs and ones; repeated addition
and place value method?
Which of those methods do you like best? Why?
How do we multiply numbers using the place value method?
Where do we start multiplying? In what place value do we always start?

a. Group Activity
Now, let us try to work on finding the product of more numbers.
Divide the class into 3. Give each group an activity card. One group will
use the manipulative method to get the product; the second group will
do the place value method; and the last group will use repeated
addition method. Have each group choose a leader to present to the
class their answer.
hundreds tens ones

3

2 8
x 4
2
hundreds tens ones
1 3

2 8
x 4
1 2
hundreds tens ones
1 3

2 8
x 4
1 1 2
Multiply the digits in the ones place. (4 x 8 = 32)
Regroup 32 ones as 3 tens and 2 ones.
Place 2 under the ones place and carry 3 in the
tens place.
Multiply the digit in the multiplier by the digit in the
multiplicand in the tens place. (4 x 2 = 8)
Then add 3 to the product. (8+3=11)
Regroup 11 tens as 1 hundred and 1 ten.
Place 1 under the tens place and carry 1 in the
hundreds place.
Since there is no digit to be multiplied in the
hundreds place, just bring down 1 in the hundreds
place.
What answer did we get?
Did we get the same answer when we used flats,
longs and ones?
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Activity Card 1 Activity Card 2

Activity Card 3

Ask: Did we get the same answers?
Which method do you like best? Why?

b. Pair Activity
Have the pupils answer Activity 1 in their LM by pair. Let them use their
flats, longs and ones in finding the product.
Answer Key:
1) 378 2) 315 3) 304 4) 1 308 5) 815

Have the pupils work on Activity 2 of the LM individually. Let them use the
place value method to get the product.
Answer Key:
1) 595 2) 320 3) 584 4) 2 864 5) 2 538

Ask: How do we multiply 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers with
regrouping?

In multiplying 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers with regrouping,
remember the following steps:
To multiply a number by a one-digit multiplier, multiply each digit in
the multiplicand by the multiplier starting from the right. If the
product or total in any place is 10 or more, regroup the last digit
and add this digit to the next product.

Find the product using the
place value method.
a. 54 x 7
b. 325 x 6
a. 54 x 7
b. 325 x 6
repeated addition method.
a. 54 x 7
b. 325 x 6
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a. Group Activity
Divide the class into five groups. Let them choose a leader and a
secretary. Give each group an activity card to solve. Let them use the
place value method to get the answer. Then let each group post their
work on the board. The leader will report to the class the solution and
answer of their group.

Activity Card 1

Activity Card 2

Activity Card 3

Activity Card 4

Activity Card 5

Answer Key:
1) 1 224 2)576 3) 288 4) 1 888 5) 152 6) 3 776 7) 2 592 8) 344

Read and solve the problem. Show the solution and label your final
answer.
Nine dozen eggs are how many eggs?
answer.
Cora bought 145 ball pens that cost PhP8.00 each. How much did
she pay for the ball pens?
Do as indicated. Show the solution and label your final answer.

Find the product of 370 and 9.
answer.
There were 348 pupils. Each of them sold 5 tickets for the schools
variety show. How many tickets were sold?
answer.

How many days are there in 38 weeks?
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C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 4 of the LM. Check their work.
Answer Key: 1) 371 2) 498 3)1 265 4)2 808 5) 4 072

D. Home Activity
Give Activity 5 in the LM as assignment.
Answer Key: 1) 576 2) 438 3) 336 4) 2 928 5) 1 696

Lesson 37 Multiplying 2-Digit Numbers by 2-Digit Numbers
without or with Regrouping

Week 3

Objective
Multiply 2-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers without or with regrouping

Value Focus
Taking care of things that are borrowed/given

Multiplication tables from 1 to 10

Materials
Flash cards



1. Drill
Flash cards of basic multiplication facts.

Example:
3 4 9 5 10 8
x 7 x 5 x 2 x 6 x 4 x 3

2. Review
Let pupils give the product of the following:

25
x 2
20
x 4
43
x 2
32
x 4
11
x 6
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3. Motivation
Let pupils do the puzzle below.
Message in Boxes
Multiply. Write the letter that is next to each answer in the correct box
below. Read the secret message.

9 4 3 9 5
x 2 x 9 x 4 x 7 x 2
A E H O R

9 5 9 9 6
x 8 x 9 x 9 x 3 x 9
S T U W Y

Answer Key:
27 63 27 45 12 18 45 72 81 10 36
W O W T H A T S U R E
27 18 72 36 18 72 54
W A S E A S Y


Ask: Do you borrow books from your school library? If you borrow or were
given a book, how do you take care of it? Why do we need to take care of
things we borrowed or that are given to us?

Present this problem. Have children read the same problem found in their
LMs.

Let pupils analyze the problem. Guide them with the following steps and
questions.

Understand the problem
What is asked for in the problem? (Total number of books)
What are given? (36 books in a bundle, 17 bundles)
The school librarian has bundled the books to be distributed to
different grade levels and sections. There are 36 books in a bundle. How
many books are there in 17 bundles?
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Plan
How can we find the answer?
Possible answers:
a. by illustration/ drawing.
b. by repeated addition using number line
c. by lattice method of multiplication
d. by distributive property of multiplication
e. by short method of multiplication
Carry out the plan
a. By repeated addition using number line

Ask: Into how many equal parts should we divide the number line
to show 17 bundles? (17 equal parts)
How many books were there in each bundle?

Let them illustrate. Let a pupil draw a number line. Guide them in
dividing the number line into 17 equal parts

Let them count the total number of books using repeated addition.

36 + 36 +36 + 36 +36 + 36 +36 + 36 +36 + 36 +36 + 36 + 36 + 36 +36 + 36 +36 = _____

Ask: How many books are there in all? What operation can we
also use which means repeated addition? Let them write
the number sentence.

b. Distributive Property of Multiplication over Addition
Guide the class in finding the answer applying the distributive
property of multiplication.

Call a pupil to write the factors vertically on the board. Let them
write the factors in expanded form. Let them do the steps as shown
below.
Step 1: Multiply the digit in the ones place in the multiplier to all the
digits in the multiplicand.
36 = (30 + 6) 7 x 6 = 42
x 17 = x (10 + 7)
210 + 42

7 x 30 = 210
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
36
books
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Step 2: Multiply the digit in the hundreds place in the multiplier.

36 = (30 + 6) 10 x 6 = 60
x 17 = x (10 + 7)
300 + 60

10 x 30 = 300
Step 3: Add the partial products.
36 = 30 + 6
x 17 = 10 + 7
210 + 42
+ 300 + 60
510 + 102 = 612 books

c. Multiplication using the short method.
Call a pupil to write the factors vertically. Relate what they had
done in using distributive property of multiplication in doing the
short method of multiplication. Guide them in doing the steps
below.
Ask: What will we multiply first?
What will we multiply next? (Guide them again in writing the
product.)
What will we do next?
Multiply the multiplicand by the ones in the multiplier.
Regroup if necessary. Write the product (252) beginning
from the ones place.
Multiply the multiplicand by the tens in the multiplier.
Regroup if necessary. Write the product (360)
Multiply by ones. Multiply by tens.

4
36 36 36
x 17 x 7 x 10
252 252 360
360

Add the two partial products.
36
x 17
252 partial products
+360
612 product

Ask: How many books were there in all? (There are 612 books in all.)

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Divide the class into groups of 4. Assign groups to do one number sentence
using any of the techniques or strategies learned.

Using Repeated
Addition
Using Distributive
Property
of Multiplication
Using the Short-Cut
Method
of Multiplication
42
x 23

58
x 34

Call some groups to show their solutions. Let them compare their solutions
and answers.
Ask: How did your group solve the number sentence given to you?
Which solution or strategy is easier to use in finding the product? Why?
How can we multiply 2-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers without or
with regrouping?

Form pupils into groups. Let them answer Activities 1 and 2 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) 50 x 32 = 1 600 2)72 x 63 = 4536 3)90 x 85 = 7 650
Activity 2: 2) 40 x 25 = 1 000 3) 76 x 15 = 1 140 4) 22 x 41 = 902
5) 63 x 24 = 1 512 6) 28 x 92 = 2 576

Ask: How do you multiply 2-digit numbers by 2-digit numbers without or with
regrouping?
Multiply the 2-digit multiplicand by the ones of the multiplier.
Regroup if necessary.
Multiply the multiplicand by the tens of the multiplier. Regroup if
necessary.
Add the partial products to get the final product.

Lead pupils to complete multiplication sentences with the correct product in
Activity 3 in the LM. In Activity 4, have them find the product then compare
the products using >, <, or =.

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Answer Key:
Activity 3
1)
32
x 12
64
32__
384
2)
60
x 25
300
120_
1500
3)
38
x 36
22 8
11 4_
13 68
4)
25
x 19
225
25_
47 5
5)
43
x 34
172
129_
1462

Activity 4
1) > 2) = 3) < 4) > 5) <

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils do this activity in their notebook individually.
Answer the following.
1) The product of 13 and 42 is _____. Ans.:546
2) Multiply: 63 Ans.2 898
x 46
3) 75 x 23 is the same as _____. Ans. a
a. (70 + 5) x (20 + 3)= _____
b. (70 x 5) + (20 x 3)= _____
c. 75 + 75 + 75 +75 + 75 + 75 + 75 +75 +75 + 75 + 75 +75 + 75 + 75 + 75
+75 + 75 + 75 + 75 +75 + 75 + 75 + 75 +75 = _____
d. 23 + 23 +23 + 23 +23 + 23 +23 + 23 +23 + 23 +23 + 23 +23 + 23 +23 +
23 +23 + 23 +23 + 23 +23 + 23 + 23 = _____
4) Give the missing digit. Ans.:

5) Which is greater, 21 x 72 or 80 x 18? Why? Ans.: 21 x 72 is greater
because its product is 1 512 than 80 x 18 because its product is 1 440.

D. Home Activity
Answer Key:
1) 73 x 5 = 365; 365 - 60 = 305; 305 x 9 = 2 745
2) 25 x 8 = 200; 200 + 249 = 449; 449 x 6 = 2 694
3) 39 x 2 = 78; (78 + 294) x 7 = 372 x 7 = 2 604
28
x 34
112
84_
952
28
x 3_
112
8_
95_
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4) 64 x 4 = 256; (256 178) x 5 = 78 x 5 = 390

The sum of the four final products is 8 433.

Lesson 38 Multiplying Numbers by Multiples of 10 and 100

Week 4

Objective
Multiply 2- to 3-digit numbers by multiples of 10 and 100

Value Focus
Appreciate the value of giving and receiving

Prerequisite Skills
Multiplication of 2- to 3-digit numbers by 2- to 3-digit numbers; skip counting by 10s
and by 100s

Materials
Flash cards, illustrations, multiplication table exercises written on cartolina



1. Drill
Skip Counting by 10s and by 100s
Complete the table below. (Skip counting by 10s)
10 30 70 100
110 140 160 180
210 220 250 290

Complete the table below. (Skip Counting by 100s)
100 200 500 700 1 000
1 100 1 300 1 500 1 900 2 000
2 100 2 400 2 600

2. Review
Have the pupils recall the concept of multiplying 2-digit numbers by 2-digit
numbers with regrouping.

Call on volunteer pupils to solve the following exercises on the board.

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1. 56 2. 36 3. 26 4. 73 5. 35
x 17 x 55 x 35 x 39 x 28



Mrs. Rivera is listing items to buy for Christmas gifts. Let us help her complete
the list.
Mrs. Riveras Christmas List
Item Number of
Sets
Number of Pieces
in Each Set
Total Number
of Items
Pencil 12 10
Paper 23 100
Handkerchief 43 20
Ballpen 50 30
Bag 15 50

Solving the problem in different ways:

a. By repeated addition

Guide the pupils to answer the first item on the list.
Ask: How many sets of pencils does Mrs. Rivera need?
How many items are there in each set of pencils?
Guide them to write the repeated addition sentence.
10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 = 120

Ask the one group to complete the table by adding the number of items
as many times as given in the number of sets.

b. By multiplying the number of pieces and the number of sets

Using the short-cut method of multiplication with multiples of 10 and
100 by annexing the zero in the product.

Multiply the non-zero digits in the factors then annex as many zeros as
there are in the factor which is a multiple of 10 or 100.
e.g. 12 X 10 = 120 (add one zero)

12 x 1 = 12

Ask another group to complete the table by using multiplication.
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Call on volunteer pupils to solve the following exercises on the board, and
then, explain their solutions to the class.
1. 34 2. 622 3. 114 4. 352 5. 426
x 20 x 10 x 80 x 400 x 200

Ask the groups to show their work in class. Let them tell the class how they
arrived at their answers.

Expected answers from the pupils:
We added the number of pieces in each set. We did the addition as many
times as the number of sets given.
We multiplied the number of items with the number of sets.

Ask: What did you find out in adding numbers ending in 0?
What pattern helped you multiply the numbers easily?

Emphasize that in multiplying 2- to 3-digit numbers with the multiples of 10 and
100, multiply first the whole numbers. Then, annex as many zeros that are
present in the factors. The number of zeros in the factors is equal to the
number of zeros in the product.

Have pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM. Let them discuss their answers.
Then, have them do Activities 2 and 3 in the LM by pairs. Let the pupils write
their answers in their notebook.

Answer Key:
Activity 1:
1) 450 2) 740 3) 5 440 4) 2 190 5) 3 500 6) 2 300 7) 7 220 8) 1 760
9) 4 900 10) 8 100
Activity 2:
1) 10; 100; 1 000 2) 18; 180; 1 800 3) 28; 280; 2 800 4) 40; 400; 4 000
5) 54; 540; 5 400
Activity 3:
1) 10 2) 750 3) 10 4) 7 600 5) 100

How do we multiply 2- to 3-digit numbers with multiples of 10 and100?
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Do Activity 4 in the LM. Let pupils write their answers in their notebooks.
Answer Key:
1) 23 x 50 = 1 150 pechay seedlings 2) 200 x 3 = 600 lamps

C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 5 in the LM. Let them answer on their paper.
Answer Key:

D. Home Activity
Let pupils do Activity 6 in the LM as their homework.
Answer Key:
1) 8 300 2) 5 880 3) 4 550 4) 7 700 5) 6 450

Lesson 39 Multiplying 1- to 2-Digit Numbers by 1 000

Week 4

Objective
Multiply 1- to 2-digit numbers by 1 000

Value Focus
Observe rules and regulations in the community

1. Skip counting by 10s, 100s and 1 000s
2. Concept of multiplying 2 to 3digit numbers by multiples of 10s and 100s

Materials
Drill cards, window cards

x 100 10 20 50 500
24 2 400 240 480 1 200 12 000
53 5 300 530 1 060 2 650 26 500
67 6 700 670 1 340 3 350 33 500
In multiplying 2- to 3-digit numbers with multiples of 10
and 100, multiply first the non-zero digits.
Then, annex the zeros in the factors. The number of zeros
in the factors is equal to the number of zeros in the product.
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1. Drill - Skip counting by 10s, 100s and 1000s
Look at the chart below. Each letter is associated with a number that
corresponds to the missing number in the given series. Write the letter of your
answer before the number.
N 3 000
C 20
T 1 000
G 6 000
U 560
N 500
O 350
I 3 500

____1. 10, ___, 30, 40, 50
____2. 310, 320, 330, 340, ____
____3. 530, 540, 550, ____, 570
____4. 100, 200, 300, 400, ____
____5. 800, 900, _____, 1 100, 1 200
____6. 3 200, 3 300, 3 400, ______, 3 600
____7. 1 000, 2 000, ______, 4 000, 5 000
____8. 4 000, 5 000, ______, 7 000, 8 000

What word is formed? ___________________________

2. Review
Have pupils recall multiplying 2 to 3digit numbers by multiples of 10s and
100s. Call on volunteer pupils to solve the following exercises on the board.
a. 10 x 34 =
b. 100 x 567 =
c. 50 x 56 =
d. 300 x 239 =
e. 70 x 76 =


To invite customers, MM Supermarket gives 1 000 shopping points for every
purchase of 1 pair of shoes. How many points will you get if you buy 4 pairs?

Solving the problem:

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Solution 1: By repeated addition

1 000 + 1 000 + 1 000 + 1 000 = 4 000 points

Solution 2: By Multiplying

1 000
x 4
4 000 Note: Multiply the non-zero digit then
annex the number of zeros in the product.

Call on volunteer pupils to solve the following exercises on the board, and
then explain their solutions to the class.

1) 1 000 2) 1 000 3) 1 000 4) 1 000 5) 1 000
x 2 x 8 x 20 x 32 x 19

Ask some pupils to show their work in class. Let them explain their answers.

Expected answers from pupils:

We added four 1 000s to get the answer.
We multiplied 1 000 by 2 to get the answer.

Emphasize the following:
To multiply 2 to 3-digit numbers by 1 000, multiply the non-zero digit
first, and then annex zeros in the product.

Let the pupils play Marathon 1 000, a game about multiplying numbers by 1
000.

Group the class with ten members each. One of the members of the group
will stand in front. Flash 1 to 2-digit number which the pupils will multiply to 1
000. The first pupil to write the correct answer on the board shall be given 100
points. The first group to accumulate 1 000 points will be the winner.

Sample 1- to 2-digit numbers:

23 4 10 24 65 72 3 23 27 42 40 7

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Let the pupils do more exercises. Have them work on Activities 1 and 2 in the
LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) 4 000 2) 3 000 3) 5 000 4) 7 000 5) 2 000 6) 6 000
7) 8 000 8) 12 000 9) 39 000 10) 46 000
Activity 2: 1) 1 000 x 5 = 5 000 eggs 2) PhP1 000 x 2 = PhP2 000
How do we multiply 2 to 3digit numbers by 1 000?

Let the pupils answer the problem in Activity 3 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) 1 000 x 5 = 5 000 pandesals 2) 1 000 x 8 = 8 000 calamansis

C. Evaluation
Pupils do Activity 4 in the LM. Provide the pupils an activity sheet.
Answer Key: 1) 3 000 2) 6 000 3) 7 000 4) 5 000 5) 9 000 6) 10 000
7) 46 000 8) 30 000 9) 28 000 10) 78 000

D. Home Activity
Assign Activity 5 in the LM as homework.

Answer Key:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9)
Answer
8 000 17 000 5 000 43 000 55 000 7 000 17 000 8 000 12 000
Letter M A G I C L A M P

He came out of the MAGIC LAMP!

Lesson 40 Estimating Products

Week 4

Objective
Estimate the product of 2- to 3-digit numbers and 1- to 2-digit numbers with
reasonable results

Value Focus
To multiply 2 to 3-digit numbers by 1 000, multiply the non-zero
digits first, and then annex zeros in the product.
The number of zeros in the factors is equal to the number of
zeros in the product.
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Neatness in ones computation

Prerequisite Skills

Materials
Number cards, word problems, pictures



1. Drill
Flash number cards and let pupils identify the place value of the underlined
digits.
Examples: 234 3456 1235 10234
1356 19098 12098

2. Review
Group the class into two. Each group will select a representative who will
write the answers on the board (one contestant for every item). The group
with the highest number of points wins.

Flash the numbers. Contestants will write the rounded off number on the
board. Examples:
a. Round off to the nearest tens
159 238 142 2385
b. Round off to the nearest hundreds
258 128 235 3 68 912
c. Round off to the nearest thousands
3456 1242 7821 3219 1245


Present the problem on the board.

Everyday, 594 food packages are delivered to the Typhoon Pablo
Operation Tulong Center. About how many food packages are being
received by the Operation Tulong Center in 7 days?

Explain to the pupils the meaning of the word about. Tell them that it implies
a number that is not exact, and that for this purpose, the nearest estimate is
being asked.
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Emphasize the following:
When estimating products, round off each factor to its highest place value,
then multiply.
(Remember: Do not round off 1-digit factors.)
Show to the pupils the steps:
Round off the factors to their highest place value.
Multiply the resulting factors.
594 600
x 7 x 7
4 158 4 200

Actual product Estimated product
4 158 is nearest to 4 200 so the answer is reasonable.

Let the pupils explain their own understanding of the two steps. Give two
more practice exercises.
a. 44 40 b. 154 200
X 18 x20 x 13 x 10
352 800 462 2 000
44 154
792 estimated product 2 002

Actual product Actual product

Ask: What is 37 in rounded form?
What is 15 in rounded form?
What is the rounded form of 202?
What is the rounded form of 14?
Is your answer reasonable? Why?

Ask: What steps do you follow in estimating products?
When do we round up?
When do we round down?

Do Activity 1 in the LM by pairs. Discuss their answers afterwards.

Let the pupils do Activities 2 and 3 in the LM individually.

Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) 350 2) 540 3) 280 4) 3 000 5) 5 600
estimated product
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6) 800 7) 3 200 8) 2 500 9) 1 800 10) 6 000

Activity 2: 1) 300 x 30 = 9 000 2) 200 x 50 = 10 000
3) 300 x 20 = 6 000 4) 100 x 40 = 4 000 5) 800 x 10 = 8 000
Activity 3: 1) 10 x 40 = 400 (about 400 ball pens)
2) 130 x 3 = 390 (about 390 marbles)

How do we estimate the product of 2- to 3-digit numbers multiplied by 1- to
2-digit numbers?

Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Provide similar exercises in estimating
products.
Answer Key:
1) 130 x 10 = 1 300 (about 1 300 jeepneys) 2)30 x 20 = 600 (about 600 birds)

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils do Activity 5 in the LM individually.
Answer Key:
1) 720 2) 2 800 3) 8 000 4) 6 000 5) 4 000

D. Home Activity
Have the pupils find the factors that when multiplied will give an estimated
product. Refer them to Activity 6 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 6 x 14 2) 5 x 28 3) 9 x 26 4) 6 x 58 5) 9 x 487

Lesson 41 Multiplying Mentally 2-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit
Numbers with Products up to 100

Week 4

Objective
Multiply mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without regrouping with
products of up to 100

To estimate the product:
Round off either the multiplicand or multiplier or both to its
greatest place value.
Multiply the rounded factors.
(Remember: Do not round off 1-digit factor.)
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Value Focus
Cooperation and independence, readiness to help others

Prerequisite Skills
Addition of 3- to 4-digit numbers without regrouping

Materials
Flash cards, crayons, illustrations


1. Drill
Flash number cards with basic multiplication facts.

2. Review
Let the pupils give the estimated product.
Examples: 125 x 25 346 x 18 981 x 15



Four boys helped their teacher return some workbooks to the library. Each
boy carried 12 workbooks. How many workbooks did they carry altogether?

Multiply 12 by 4. Do it mentally.

Think:
Multiply the ones by ones. Multiply the tens by ones.
Give the product.

So, 48 workbooks were carried by the boys.

Let pupils work in pairs and answer the following mentally.

Ask: Who was able to give the answer first?
1 2 12
X 4 x 4
8 48 The product is 48.
13 11 21 23 13 12
x 3 x 8 x 4 x 2 x 2 x 3
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Was the answer correct?

What technique did you use that helped you compute the answer
quickly?

Emphasize to the pupils that to multiply mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit
numbers:
1. Multiply the ones by ones.
2. Multiply the tens by ones.
3. Give the product.

a. Form two groups with 7 members. Flash combinations of numbers. The first
one who can give the correct answer will have the chance to color the
first shape in the house. Repeat the process until the group had completed
coloring the shapes in the house. The first group to complete coloring the
house wins the game.

Prepare the following flashcards and houses.
GAME: Color the House

Group 1 Group 2

b. Ask: Have you experienced hunting treasures?
Do you want to experience it? Refer pupils to Activity 1 in the LM.
Answer Key:
22 x 2 = 44 20 x 5 = 100 31 x 3 = 93 29 x 2 = 58
12 x 5 = 60 41 x 2 = 82 22 x 4 = 88 12 x 3 = 36
49 x 1 = 49 22 x 3 = 66 12 x 4 = 48
23
x 2
24
x 2
14
x 2
11
x 4
10
x 3
43
x 3
33
x 3
51
x 2
3
4
6
7
1
2
8
5
3
4
6
7
1
2
8
5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8
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What helped you answer the computation problems easily? How do you
multiply mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit number without regrouping?

Have pupils do Activity 2 in the LM in groups with 4 members each. Provide
each group with the secret message activity.
12 13 23 11 12 13 13 26 20 22 23
x 5 x 2 x 2 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 3 x 1 x 3 x 2 x 3
60 26 46 44 36 26 39 26 60 44 69
I T S M A T H T I M E

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM. Have them read each problem
carefully then write only the product in their own paper.
Answer Key:
1) 36 sampaguita plants 2) 88 eggplant seedlings 3) PhP100 4) 48 seedlings
5) 26 oranges

D. Home Activity
1. Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 77 2) 24 3) 69 4) 48 5) 39
2. Let each pupil write one word problem involving multiplication of 2-digit by I-
digit number without regrouping. On the next class day, let pupils exchange
their word problems by pairs and solve the problems mentally.

To multiply mentally 2-digit numbers without regrouping
Multiply the ones by ones.
Multiply the tens by ones.
Give the product.

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Lesson 42 Solving Problems involving Multiplication
of Whole Numbers

Week 5

Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving multiplication of whole numbers
including money using appropriate problem solving strategies and tools

Value Focus
Helpfulness, Cooperation, Thriftiness

Prerequisite Skills
2. Multiplication of whole numbers
3. Steps in solving word problem

Materials
Flashcards, activity card, story problem


E. Preliminary Activities
1. Drill
Conduct a drill on basic multiplication facts using double roulette. Let the
pupils answer in their Show Me board.

2. Review
Let pupils give the steps in solving word problems.

F. Developmental Activities

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Present the story problem below.

The family of Mr. Ruiz enjoys harvesting star apple in their backyard. They
placed them in 9 baskets. Each basket contains 15 star apples. How many
star apples did they harvest in all?

Ask: Who harvested star apples?
Where did they place the fruits?

Present this guide to the children in analyzing and illustrating the problem.

Problem:
What is asked for?
What are the
given
information?

Draw/illustrate the
problem.
Guide the pupils to illustrate the
problem such as this.

What is the
process or
operation to be
used?

What word/s help
you determine the
operation to use?

Write the number
sentence.

If you were to solve the problem, what process would you use?
Is there a word or words in the problem that tell what process or
operation to use?

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Group the children into three. Provide them with problems like these in
activity cards. Let them analyze.

Ask: How do we analyze word problem?
What should you find out?
What are the given facts?
How did you check the correctness of your answer?

Have pupils solve the problems in Activity 1 in the LM. Remind them on how to
solve problems correctly.
Answer Key: 1) 1 125 atis 2) PhP3 000 3) 180 pencils
4) PhP300 5) 275 pages

Ask: How can you solve a problem?
What are the steps that we should follow in solving problems?

Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Have the pupils solve the illustrated problem and
write their answers on their paper.
The steps in solving a word problem are:
1. Understand
2. Plan. Determine the process to be used to solve the
problem.
3. Act out the plan.
4. Check or look back.
1) A vendor buys 25 boxes of candies. Each box has 50
candies. How many candies are there in all?

2) Nena bought 12 sets of baby dresses. Each set costs
PhP185. How much did she pay for all the dresses?

3) Mr. Santos is a postman. He has to deliver 178 letters a day.
How many letters must he deliver in 25 days?
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Answer Key:
1) 6 x 7 = 42 mangoes 2) 10 x 6 = 60 pencils 3) 12 x 5 = 60 flowers

G. Evaluation
Let pupils analyze and solve Activity 3 in the LM. Ask them to write a number
sentence for each problem.
Answer Key:
1) 9 x 5; 15 x 3; 45 x 1 2) 15 3) PhP5 200 4) PhP15 400 5) 364 days

H. Home Activity
Let pupils copy Activity 4 in their notebook as their assignment. Let them analyze
and solve the problems.
Answer Key:
1)900 passengers 2) PhP1 600 3) 1 175 bottle caps 4) PhP5 805 5) 1 280 words

Lesson 43 Solving Problems involving Multiplication
with Addition and/or Subtraction of Whole Numbers

Week 5

Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving multiplication with addition and
subtraction of whole numbers including money using appropriate problem solving
strategies and tools

Value Focus
Honesty, Cooperation

Prerequisite Skills
1. Basic addition, subtraction and multiplication facts
2. Steps in solving word problem

Materials
Flash cards, activity card, story problem



1. Drill
The teacher flashes the cards and the children write their answers on their
Show Me board.
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32 20 83 42 21
x2 x4 x3 x2 x2

2. Review
Present the problem written on Manila paper.

Laura made 56 sampaguita garlands. Each garland has
13 pieces of sampaguita. How many pieces of sampaguita
did she use in all?

Ask: Who made sampaguita garlands?
How many sampaguita garlands did she make?
What is asked in the problem?
What are given?
What is the operation to be used to solve the problem?

Let the children solve the problem and show the answer in their Show Me
board.

3. Motivation
Present the word problem.

Joy bought 5 shirts for PhP94.00 each. If she had PhP475.00,
how much change would she get?

Ask: Who bought 5 shirts?
How much did each shirt cost?
How much money did she have?
How much would he spend for his five shirts?
The salesgirl happened to give a change more than what Joy should receive.
If you were Joy, what would you do? Why?
Is it good to return the money that does not belong to you? Why?


a. Using the problem in the motivation, ask the pupils to act out through
Play Store wherein pictures or objects like shirts, play money, etc. are
used. A pupil will go to the store and buy shirts.

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b. Present the problem using a diagram.

Read How many shirts were bought?
How much did a shirt cost?
How much money did Joy have?
Plan What is the hidden question? the cost of 5 shirts
What is asked? change J oy would get
What operation should be used?
What is the number sentence?
PhP475 - (PhP94.00 x 5) = N

Solve
STEP 1 - Look for the cost of 5 shirts.

PhP 94.00 cost of 1 shirt
x 5 number of shirts bought
PhP470.00 cost of 5 shirts

STEP 2

PhP 475.00 money of Joy
-470.00 cost of 5 shirts
PhP 5.00 change

Check : Go over the solution.
Is it correct?
Is your answer reasonable?
Is it complete?

Let the pupils solve the problems by group.
a. There are 2 boxes of marbles. Each box has 12 marbles. How many
marbles are there in all? If you get 5 marbles in one box, how many
marbles will be left?

Solution 1. Role Play
Call 1 group to act out the situation. Let them present the 2 boxes. Let the
class count the number of marbles in each box. Request one pupil to get
5 marbles in one box. Ask the class to count the number of marbles left.
PhP PhP 94.00 PhP
PhP
PhP PhP 94.00
PhP 94.00 PhP 94.00
PhP 94.00
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Solution 2. By Drawing
Call 1 group to draw 2 boxes on a Manila paper. Let another group draw
12 marbles in each box. Ask one pupil to remove 5 marbles in one box.
Let the whole class count the number of marbles left.

b. Four persons can sit at a square table. How many persons can sit at
three square tables placed end-to-end?

Solution 1. By drawing a picture

Directions:
1. Draw three square tables placed end-to-end.
2. Count how many persons can be seated after the three tables are
placed end-to-end.

Solution 2. By using a number sentence

Answer the following questions:
1. How many persons can be seated on individual square tables?
Write the number sentence.
2. Will there be the same number of persons seating if the square
tables are placed end-to-end? Why?
3. How many persons cannot be seated? What will be the number
sentence?
4. How many persons can be seated if the square tables are placed
end-to-end? Show your solutions using the number sentence.

Ask the groups assigned to show their work in class. Ask them to explain how
they got their answers.

Expected answers of pupils for Problem 1
We had a role play of the situation. We added the number of marbles first.
Then, we subtracted the 5 marbles from one box. We found the total number
of marbles by counting the remaining marbles.
(12 + 12) 5 = n

We drew 2 boxes and 12 marbles in each box. We crossed-out five marbles
in one box. We counted the number of marbles left in the two boxes to get
the answer to the question.
(2 x 12) 5 = n

Expected answers of pupils for for Problem 2

Solution 1. By drawing a picture
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1 2 3

Solution 2. By using a number sentence

Ask:
How many persons can be seated on individual square tables? Let
them write the number sentence.
3 x 4 = n
3 x 4 = 12 persons
Will there be the same number of persons (12 persons) seating if the
square tables are placed end-to-end? Why? How many persons
cannot be seated?
What will be the number sentence?
(3 x 4) 4 = n
So, how many persons can be seated if the square tables are placed
end-to-end?
Let the pupils solve using the number sentence.
(3 x 4) 4 = n
12 4 = 8
So, the number of persons who can sit at three square tables placed
end-to-end is 8 persons.

Emphasize to the pupils that in solving 2-step word problems, answer the
hidden question first, then the given question. The operation inside the
parentheses is done first.

In solving two-step word problems, use the following questions as guide:
a. What is asked for in the problem?
b. What are the given facts?
c. What is the hidden question?
d. What processes will you use to answer the hidden question?
e. What is the number sentence?
f. What is the complete answer?
g. What strategy/ strategies will you use to solve the problem?

Let the pupils read, analyze and solve the problems in Activity 1 in the LM. Let
them do the activity on their paper.
Answer Key:
1) 6 x 8 = 48; 55 48 = 7; No, they still need 7 chairs.
2) (45 min x 4) + (10 min x 3) = = 180 min + 30 min = 210 minutes

4
5 6
7
8
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3) PhP1 000 - (2 x PhP160) + PhP85 + (4 x PhP130)

= PhP1 000 (PhP320 + PhP85 + PhP520)
= PhP1 000 PhP925
= PhP75

Ask: How did you solve the problem?
What helped you solve it?

Let pupils work on Activity 2 in the LM. Read and analyze the problems. Let
them write their answer in their notebooks.
Answer Key: 1) PhP20 2) 300 pastillas 3) PhP375

C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM individually. Let them write their answers
on their paper.
Answer Key:
1) PhP260 2) PhP1 940 3) 384 mangoes 4) 48 stamps 5) PhP555

D. Home Activity
Let the pupils copy Activity 4 in the LM and have pupils work on this at home.
Answer Key:
1) (5 x PhP1) + (2 x PhP5) + (7 x PhP10) = PhP5 + PhP10 + PhP70 = PhP85
2) 25 + (3 x 25) = 100 one-peso coins
3) 12 + (12 x 2) + ((12 x 2) +14) + (12 + (12 x2)) = 12 + 24 + 38 + 36 = 110 pieces of
art paper

Lesson 44 Creating Problems involving Multiplication
without or with Addition or Subtraction

Week 6

Objective
Create problems involving multiplication without or with addition or subtraction of
whole numbers including money with reasonable answers

Value focus
Environmental awareness

Multiplication, addition, and subtraction of whole numbers including money
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Materials
Textbook, flashcard/smart board, roulette, activity number cards, pictures of waste
materials/garbage improperly disposed of



1. Drill
Use the following.
a. Roulette to practice learners skills in multiplication
b. Flash cards to practice learners skills in addition and subtraction

2. Review
Ask pupils to give the missing number in each expression.

3. Motivation

Divide the class into 8 groups. Let each group discuss the problem below.

Ask: What are the environmental problems created by people in destroying
the environment? How can people provide solutions to these
problems? How can people lessen environmental problems?

Ask a representative from each group to share their ideas.

After the sharing of each group, infuse the value of Environmental
Awareness.

Note: Teacher should use the statements below in valuing.

Examples of environmental issues:
improper disposal of garbage (Elimination/reduction of wastes in the
environment)
Use of carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming (Shift in
behavior towards the environment and individuals use of natural
75+25 60 15 13+36 45 23
80+29
189=___
2010=___ 168=___
126=___
3212=___
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resources, ensuring sustainable development and conservation of the

environment.)


Post the problem on the board. Ask a pupil to read it.

One morning Ruby saw 4 guavas in their backyard with 4 birds eating
on each guava.

Ask the following:
a. Who saw guavas in their backyard?
b. How many guavas did she see in their backyard?
c. How many birds eat in each guava?
d. How many birds all in all did Ruby see eating the guavas?
e. Putting together the birds and the guavas, how many are there in all?
f. How many operations are used in the problem?
g. Can you also create/make your own problem, like the one given, where
you can apply multiplication with addition, or multiplication with
subtraction?

Group Work Activity
Divide the class into 6 groups. Let each group discuss how they will make a
problem based on the given situation. Three groups will focus on Problem 1,
while the other three groups will focus on Problem 2.

Problem 1. Involve multiplication with addition (two-step problem).

Situation: Mark needs 3 white t-shirts to be used in camping.
T-shirt price is PhP120.00.
Mark has only PhP300.00.

Problem 2. Use multiplication with subtraction (Two-step problem.)

Situation: Adore plans to donate 3 plants in school.
Adore has PhP500.00.
Price of plants is PhP130.00 each.

While the pupils are doing the activity, go around and guide/assist the pupils.
Ask each group to show their work and give them time to explain their output
in class.
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After the activities have been done, let the groups post their created
problems in each situation and let them do the tasks below.

a. Role play the situation. (Call at least 2 groups to do it. Then ask the
class to solve the problem.)

b. Illustrate the problem and make the number sentence. Then solve the
problem with the solution.

Pair Work Activity
Ask the pairs to create/make a problem based on the given situation. Half of
the pair will focus on Problem 1, while the other half will focus on Problem 2.

Problem 1. Use multiplication with addition (two-step procedure).

Situation: Eric needs to buy 3 boxes of chocolates.
Price is PhP200.00 for every box of chocolate.
Eric has only PhP350.00.

Problem 2. Use multiplication with subtraction (two-step procedure).
Situation: Tom wants to buy a pair of pants.
He has PhP1000.00.
Price of pair of pants is PhP700.00.

What did you do to be able to create a problem given some situations?

Steps in creating word problems:

a. Familiarize yourself with the concepts in math. Think of the application to
every day life situations.
b. Think of the type of problem you want to create and the operations to
be used. Relate the problem to a real-life situation.
c. Read more on math problem solving. Study the solution in solving the
problems.
d. Make your own styles/strategies to justify the solutions.

Let the pupils do Activity 1 in the LM. Discuss their work afterwards.
(Answers vary)
Sample Problem:
1) Mother bought 2 boxes of donuts with 12 donuts in each box. How many
donuts are there in all?
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2) Each cup of soup costs PhP5.00. Edna was not able to sell 4 cups out of
the 16 cups. How much was the amount of soup sold?

C. Evaluation
Let pupils do Activity 2 in the LM. Check pupils work.
(Answers vary)
Sample Problem:
1) Andoy placed the eggs in three trays. If there are 12 eggs in each tray and
there are 5 eggs not placed in any tray, how many eggs are there in all?
2) Joey bought 9 balloons for her 3 sisters. Each balloon costs PhP15.00. If each
girl received the same number of balloons, how much did Joey spend for
the balloons he gave to each of his sisters?

D. Home Activity
Divide pupils into five groups. Let them do Activity 3 in the LM as homework on
their papers.
Answers vary for A and B.
Sample Answers for B:
1) 1) John has _5__ pencil cases. There are 12 pencils of different color in each
case. How many pencils does he have? 5 x 12 = 60 pencils
2) There are _4_ dozens of eggs in a box. One dozen was sold. How many
eggs are left in the box? (Hint: one dozen = 12)
(4 x 12) 12 = 48 12 = 36 eggs are left in the box
3) In a mathematics class, fourteen pupils are seated in a row and _3_ of the
pupils were absent. If there are 4 rows in the classroom, how many pupils
are present in the Math class? (4 x 14) 3 = 56 3 = 53 pupils are present

Lesson 45 Multiples of 1- to 2-Digit Numbers

Week 6

Objective
State the multiples of 1- to 2-digit numbers

Value Focus
Cooperation

Four fundamental operations

Materials
Flashcards, wooden blocks, number wheel, pictures of different activities of man
that destroys the environment

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1. Drill
Show division facts written on flash cards. Ask learners by row/group to give
the quotient. e.g.

by 3

by 5

by 7

by 8

2. Review
Supply the missing number to complete each number sentence.

1) ___ 7 = 4
2) 35 ___ = 5
3) 50 10 = ___
4) 36 6 = ___
5) ___ 9 = 9

3. Motivation
Do the opposite of your drill. Give the multiplication facts. Ask other learners
by row/group (to give others a chance to participate) to give the
answer/product.

multiply the number by 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13

multiply the number by 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12



30,27,24,21,18,15
70,60,50,40,30,20
84,77,56,49,28,21
88,72,64,8,24,32
4
6
9
10
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Show these numbers.
Ask: What are the next numbers? Why do you think they are the next
numbers?

a. 2, 4, 6, 8, ___, ___, ___

b. 3, 6, 9, 12, ___, ___, ___

c. 10, 20, 30, 40, ___, ___, ___

d. 12, 24, 36, 48, ___, ___, ___

Show the series of numbers. Ask the pupils to observe and determine the
pattern.

a.

b.

c.

d.

Ask: How did you get your answers in each of the number patterns?
Note to the teacher: Answers can be any of the following strategies:

a. Multiplying the first number by 2, 3, 4, 5, to get the next 3 missing
numbers.

b. Adding the common difference of the numbers to the next
numbers and so forth to get the next 3 missing numbers.

2 4 6 8 10 12 14
3 6 9 12 15 18 21
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
12 24 36 48 60 72 84
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1
2
3
4 5
6
7
8
Ask: Extend the number patterns in given activity, give the next 5 multiples
for a, b, c, and d using any of the above strategies.

Group Activity
Let each group do Activity 1 in the LM. Let them find the next 6 multiples of
the given number. Let them write their answers on their answer sheets.

Discuss the groups answers.

1) 3 6 9 12 15 18 21
2) 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
3) 7 14 21 28 35 42 49
4) 8 16 24 32 40 48 56
5) 9 18 27 36 45 54 63
6) 11 22 33 44 55 66 77
7) 13 26 39 52 65 78 91
8) 15 30 45 60 75 90 105
9) 24 48 72 96 120 144 168
10) 33 66 99 132 165 198 231

Ask each group to present their work and ask them how they were able to
get the multiples of a given number.
Ask them to discuss their answers on the work sheet.

Show a number wheel to the class. e.g.

Call a group and ask a member to spin the number wheel.

a. In the first spin, whichever number will show up all members of the group
will state 10 of the multiples of that 1- digit number.

b. In the second spin, whichever number will show up in the first and in the
second spin, all members will state 5 multiples of that 2 digit numbers.

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a. Multiplying the first number by 2, 3, 4, 5, and so on will determine the next

multiples of number.

b. Adding the common difference of the numbers to the next numbers and
so forth will arrive at the next multiples of the number.

a. Show a calendar. Ask pupils what pattern of multiples of numbers they
can see in the calendar.
b. Let pupils answer Activity 2 by pairs.
Answer Key:

C. Evaluation
Ask pupils to answer Activities 3 and 4 in the LM individually.

Key Answer:
Activity 3: 1) b 2) e 3) d 4) c

Activity 4:
1) 21, 24, 27 2) 45, 54, 63 3) 112, 120, 128 4) 135, 150, 165 5) 85, 102, 119

D. Home Activity
Assign Activity 5 in the LM as pupils homework.
Answer Key:
x 12 23 37
1) 19 228 437 703
2) 26 312 598 962
3) 37 444 851 1 369
4) 43 516 989 1 591

Lesson 46 Dividing Numbers up to 100 by 6, 7, 8, and 9

Week 7

18 24 30 36 42 48
19

38 57 76 95 114
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
211
Objective
Visualize division of numbers up to 100 by 6, 7, 8 and 9

Value Focus
Envisioning the beauty and abundance of nature

Concept on the four fundamental operations

Materials
Activity cards, spin a wheel number, flashcard/smart board, wooden blocks,
pictures of different activities of man taking care of the environment



1. Drill
Flash cards with basic division facts and ask pupils by row/group to give the
answer/ quotient.
Examples:

by 3, 5, 6

by 2, 4, 5 by 2, 4, 8

by 2, 3, 6 by 2, 4, 5

by 2, 3, 4

2. Review
Call pupils to supply the missing number to complete each sentence.

6) ___ x 7 = 42
7) 5 x ___ = 35
8) 6 x 9 = ___
9) ___ x 8 = 56
10) ___ x 9 = 81

3. Motivation
Ask pupils to read the quotation.

A quote as lovely as my inspiration

30
20
18
12
16
40
30
30
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Let our life in school be like playing an arithmetic

JOYS added,
FRIENDS multiplied,
SORROWS subtracted,
But note that LOVE cannot be divided among our teachers
and us, learners.

Ask pupils to explain what they have read. Elaborate or explain further.


Present a problem situation and ask pupils to think of the answer. Allow 2 or 3
of them to show their solution/s.

My older brother and sister wanted to help shoulder our parents
expenses at home. They plan on how they can help our parents. In our
backyard, my brother and sister made a garden plot for planting
eggplant seedlings to sell in the market after the harvest. They planted
48 eggplant seedlings equally in 6 rows. How many seedlings were in
each row?

a. Analyze and solve the problem using an illustration:

Ask: (suggested questions)
1) Who wanted to help the parents in family expenses at home?
2) What did they do to help their parents?
3) Do you want to help your Nanay and Tatay too?
4) What kind of brother and sister are they? Do you want them?
5) How many seedlings did they plant in all?
Show their solutions.

6) How many seedlings are there in all?
7) How many rows are there?
8) How many seedlings are there in each row?
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9) Write your mathematical sentence and solve.

(Hint to teacher: 48 6 = n)

Let pupils do this problem.

Guide questions:

a. How many pupils are there?
b. How many are teachers?
c. What is your dividend?
d. What is your divisor?
e. What is missing in the problem?
f. Write the number sentence.
g. Solve!

Ask:
1) How did you solve the problem above?
2) What information/data did you consider to solve the problem?

Say: Look at the division sentence.
56 8 = 7, if we use instead of 56, we have
8 = 7. How will you find the value of ? We multiply 8 by 7.
56 8 = 7.

Explain that in finding the quotient we are finding on the factors. When
multiplying the product and divisor we are finding the dividend. Lead the
pupils to see that division is opposite of multiplication.

Group Activity
In your group get your partner and do the activity in pair. Fill in the
appropriate data and solve.

Number sentence Dividend Divisor Quotient
Ex. 56 ___ = 7 56 8 7
1) ___ 6 = 7
There are 98 pupils in Grade 4. They are assigned in each section
equally to the 4 mathematics teachers and the 3 science teachers as the
class advisers. How many pupils will be under the class advisory of each
teacher?
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214
number
ofeggs
number
ofeggs
inarow
number
of
rows
2) 81 7 = ___
3) 72 9 = ___
4) 63 = 9
5) 36 ___ = 4
6) ___ 8 = 16
7) 42 7 = ___
8) 99 9 = ___
9) 54 ___ = 9
10) 78 ___ = 13

Discuss pupils answers.

Let the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM in their notebook. Discuss how they
solve the problems.
Answer Key:
1) 8 shelves 2) 8 balls

a. How do you visualize a problem in division?
b. Name the terms involved in division facts.
c. How do you call the result/answer in dividing two numbers?

Think and visualize the problem.
Example 1:
Thirty eggs in a basket were transferred to an egg box. How many
rows are there in an egg box, if 6 eggs are placed in each row of an
egg box?

30 6 = ?

Let the pupils answer Activity 2 in the LM by pairs. Discuss their answers
afterwards.
Answer Key: 1) 8 trees 2) 8 pomelos

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils answer Activity 3 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: 1)PhP16 2) 9 dalandan

D. Home Activity
Let the pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM individually in their notebook.
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Answer Key: 1) 10 pupils 2) 3 star apples

Lesson 47 Stating Division Facts of Numbers up to 10

Week 7

Objective
State basic division facts of numbers up to 10

Value Focus
Orderliness and Cooperation

Multiplication

Materials
Flashcards with multiplication and division facts



1. Drill
Multiplication basic facts

Show flash cards with basic multiplication facts and ask pupils to give the
answer.

2. Review
Flash cards with division sentences (around 4 to 5 sentences).

Let pupils identify the terms in a division sentence.
5x8
3x6
4x7
7x10
3x8
2x 9
8x2
6x9
1x9
10x4
9x3
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Ask: Which is the dividend? divisor? quotient?

Example:

3. Motivation
Play the game The boat is sinking for 3 minutes.
Mechanics of the game:
a. Let the pupils stand and stay in one place altogether.
b. The teacher/leader says, The boat is sinking, lifeboats for five. The
pupils will form groups with five members in each group. The pupils
who cannot form a group with 5 members will sit down.
c. The teacher/leader will say again, The boat is sinking, lifeboats for
eight. The pupils will again form groups with eight members in each
group. The pupils who cannot form a group with 8 members will sit
down.
d. Do the activity until only 1-3 pupils are left or until the given time is over.

Ask: How did the class perform the game? (orderly, cooperatively)


Show a picture of objects grouped equally.
Example:

Ask:
a. How many boxes are there in all?
b. How many balls are there in each box?
c. How many balls are there in all?
d. What multiplication facts/sentences can we give/write? (3 x 5 = 15) This
means there are 5 balls in each box and there are 3 boxes, so, 15 balls in
all.
e. What division facts/sentences can we give/write? (15 3 = 5)
This means 15 balls divided equally in 3 boxes equals 5 balls in each box;
or 15 5 = 3; this means 15 balls divided equally with 5 balls in each box
equals 3 boxes.)

24 6 = 4
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Let pupils study the table below. Call a pupil to show the multiplication and
division facts/sentences given in the example. Call more pupils to give 2 or 3
multiplication and division sentences.

Example: 6 x 4 = 24 4 x 6 = 24 24 4 = 6 24 6 = 4

x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 x 10
2 2 4 12
3 3 15 30
6 24 48
9 63
10 50 90

Divide the class into 5 groups. Let each group complete the table. Let them
give/write 5 families of multiplication and division sentences/facts.

Let the groups present their work.
Ask:
a. What multiplication facts have you given/written?
b. How were you able to give/write the division facts/sentences? (by
knowing the multiplication facts, we can give the division facts)
c. What can you say about the multiplication facts and the division facts?
(The division facts are the inverse of the multiplication facts)

Let pupils answer Activities 13 in the LM. Discuss some items in the activities
that need to be emphasized.
Answer Key:
Activity 1 - (family of facts can be written in any order)
8 x 7 = 56 7 x 8 = 56 56 7 = 8 56 8 = 7
72 9 = 8 72 8 = 9 9 x 8 = 72 8 x 9 = 72
48 6 = 8 48 8 = 6 8 x 6 = 48 6 x 8 = 48
10 x 7 = 70 7 x 10 = 70 70 10 = 7 70 7 = 10
35 5 = 7 35 7 = 5 7 x 5 = 35 5 x 7 = 35
Activity 2
1. 5 x 7 = 35, 35 7 = 5 or 35 5 = 7
2. 3 x 9 = 27, 27 9 = 3 or 27 3 = 9
3. 8 x 6 = 48, 48 8 = 6 or 48 6 = 8
4. 10 x 2 = 20, 20 2 = 10 or 20 10 = 2
5. 4 x 8 = 32, 32 8 = 4 or 32 4 = 8
Activity 3:
1) 2 2) 3 3) 6 4) 27 5) 6 6) 6 7) 9 8) 2 9) 63 10) 4
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218

Ask:
How can we give or state the division facts?
(We can give or state the division facts by knowing or giving the
multiplication facts then convert this into division facts.)

Let pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM. If necessary, discuss the puzzle. Ask
pupils how they got their answers.
Answer Key:
36 6 = 6

9 x 3 = 27
8 x 7 = 56
2 2
=
18 2 = 9

C. Evaluation
Let pupils do Activity 5 in the LM. Check pupils work.
Answer Key:
1) 20 5 = 4 or 20 4 = 5 2) 18 6 = 3 or 18 3 = 6
3) 5 x 4 = 20 or 4 x 5 = 20; 20 4 = 5 or 20 5 = 4 4) 3
5) 40 8 = 5

D. Home Activity
For pupils homework, let them do Activities 6 and 7 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 6
Multiplication Sentence Division Sentence Division Sentence
1) 2 x 9 = 18 18 9 = 2 18 2 = 9
2) 3 x 7 = 21 21 7 = 3 21 3 = 7
3) 9 x 7 = 63 63 7 = 9 63 9 = 7
4) 6 x 6 = 36 36 6 = 6
5) 8 x 9 = 72 72 9 = 8 72 8 = 9
6) 12 x 4 = 48 48 12 = 4 48 4 = 12

Activity 7: 1) 48 11 = 4 r 4; 4 hectares each child, 4 hectares remain
2) 80 10 = 8 stacks

Lesson 48 Dividing 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
219
Week 8

Objective
Divide 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without or with remainder.

Value Focus
Sharing

Multiplication and division basic facts

Materials
Flashcards, wooden blocks


1. Drill

Flash cards with division facts. Ask pupils to give the quotient.

Example:

2. Review
Ask pupils to supply the missing number to complete each sentence.

1) ___ 7 = 4
2) 35 ___ = 5
3) 50 10 = ___
4) 36 6 = ___
5) ___ 9 = 9


Post this problem on the board.

Jose and Almar love to share their toys and food with their friends and
relatives. Jose has 36 marbles. He wants to share the marbles equally with his
brother. Almar has 43 marbles and wants to share these equally with his
friend. How many marbles will Joses brother and Almars friend get?
248 189
246
279 142 155
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
220

Ask:
a. What do Jose and Almar love to do?
b. Do you also share your things? Why is it good to share? Cite instances
wherein you have shared your food or toys to others.
c. How many marbles does Jose have? How about Almar?
d. After they share their marbles, how many marbles will each of them get?

Guide the pupils in solving the problem in different ways.

Solution 1. Solving the problem using drawing/illustration and by grouping

Present a drawing/illustration of Joses and Almars marbles (a sample is
shown below). Let pupils count Joses marbles, then, Almars marbles. Ask:
Into how many groups will Joses marbles be divided? Almars marbles? Then
call a pupil to group the marbles equally.

Joses marbles Almars marbles

Ask:
How many marbles are there in each
group?
How many marbles will his brother get?
Is there any left-over? How many?

Ask:
How many marbles are there in each
group?
How many marbles will his friend get?

Solution 2. Solving the problem using renaming method

Guide pupils in renaming the dividend into a sum of two numbers where the
first number is a multiple of 10 that can be divided easily by the divisor.

Ask: What will we divide?
36 2 = ___

43 2 = ___

DRAFT
April 10, 2014
221
36 2 = (20 + 16) 2
= (20 2) + (16 2)
= 10 + 8
= 18

Ask:
How many twos are there in 20? in 16?
Is there any left-over?
How many?
How many marbles will his brother get?

43 2 = (40 + 3) 2
= (40 2) + (3 2)
= 20 + 1 with one left-over
= 21 with one left-over

Ask:
How many twos are there in 40? in 3?
How many marbles will his friend get?

Solution 3. Solving the problem using long division

Show the steps in dividing using long division.

1. Write the division sentence using . Example:

2. Start from the digit with the highest place value in the dividend. If the digit
with the highest place value in the dividend is smaller than the divisor, use
also the next digit. Divide the digit/s by the divisor. Write the partial
quotient right above the digit.

Example:

3. Multiply the partial quotient and the divisor and write the answer right
below the digit.

4. Subtract.

36 2
Ask: How many 2s are
there in 3?
36 2
1
3 2 = 1
3 2 = 1
36 2
1
-2__
1
1 x 2 = 2
36 2
1
-2__
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April 10, 2014
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5. Bring down the next or last digit.

6. Repeat the previous steps (division, multiplication and subtraction and
bring down) until all the digits in the dividend are used up.

36 2 = ___

Ask:
How many marbles will Jose and his
brother each get?

43 2 = ___

Ask:
Is there any left-over?
How many? How do we
write the left-over or
remainder?
Explain that r 1 means remainder 1
and it should be written outside the
bar.
Ask: How many marbles will Almar and
his friend each get?

Ask: Did we get the same answer using the three solutions?
Which is easier to use? Why?
Do you think it is easier to use the drawing method if we are going to
divide bigger numbers say, 196 6?
Let pupils try drawing this. Emphasize that drawing method involves
longer time in drawing over a hundred objects or more and counting
them.
36 2
18
-2__
16
-16_
0
To check:

18
x 2
36
To check:

21
x 2
42
+ 1
43
36 2
1
-2__
16
8 x 2 = 16
36 2
18
-2__
16
-16_
0
16 2 = 8
43 2
21 r 1
-4__
03
- 2_
1
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April 10, 2014
223
Ask: How can we find the quotient for 196 6? Guide the pupils to use the
long division method?
Is there a remainder? What is the remainder? How and where do we
write the remainder?
How can we check if the answer is correct?
(Multiply the quotient and the divisor. the product should be the same
as the dividend. If there is a remainder, add it to the product and the
sum will be the same as the dividend.)

Let pupils work by fours. Give the worksheet for their activity.

Call some pupils to share their answers.

If the pupils have difficulty in doing the activity, guide them in doing the
solutions on the board. Have a discussion on each of the solutions.

Example: Solution using long division method

Sample discussion questions:
a. Is it easy to show division by grouping if the objects are more than 100?
Why?
Worksheet 1
Use the long division method to find the quotient of the following.
a. 205 5 = ___
b. 561 9 = ___
Show your solutions here.

Answer the following questions.

1. How did you get the answer?
2. Which of the division sentence has a remainder?
3. What is the remainder?
4. Which solution is easier to use? Why?
205 5
41
-20__
05
- 5_
0
561 9
62 r 3
-54__
21
-18_
3
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
224
b. Do you think it is also easy to use the drawing method in dividing the
numbers given to you? Why?
c. What is the quotient of 205 5? 561 9?
d. Which division sentence has a remainder?
Let the pupils show the solutions for checking.

Ask:
a. Which strategy/solution did we use to find the quotient?
b. Which of the solutions is easier to use in finding the quotient of 2- to 3-digit
number by 1-digit numbers? Why?
c. What is the relationship of the remainder to the divisor?
d. How can we check if our answer is correct?


Let pupils work on Activities 1 and 2 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) 24 2) r 3 3) 12 garlands in each tray, 3 garlands left
4) 34 mangoes
Activity 2: 1) r 6 2) no remainder, 3) r 2 4) r 2 5) no remainder 6) r 8

5. Summarizing the Concept

Ask:
a. What are the different ways of finding a quotient?
b. What are the steps in dividing 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers
using long division method?
c. When do we have a remainder? (There is a remainder if the dividend
could not be divided exactly by the divisor.)
d. How do we write a quotient with remainder?
e. What do we do to check if our quotient is correct?


Group pupils and let them do Activities 3 and 4 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 3

x =
=
56 8 7 4 28
x =
=
12 8 96 2 48
x = =
200 4 50 18 900
x = =
350 70 5 49 245
1)
2)
3)
4)
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
225

Activity 4: 1) 16 r 3 2) 33 r 1 3) 74 r 4

C. Evaluation

Let the pupils work on Activity 5 in the LM.

Answer Key: 1) 23 2) Yes; the remainder is 5. 3) Yes because 258 6 = 43.
4) 88 r 4 5) 95 r 8

D. Home Activity

Let the pupils solve the problems in Activities 6 and 7 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 6: Pupils answers vary. Possible answers are as follows:
2- or 3-digit Number Divisor Quotient
1) 60 4 15
2) 63 6 10 r 3
3) 360 7 51 r 3
4) 706 9 78 r 4

Activity 7
Start 423 4 = 105 r 3
Add your remainder to the dividend in station 1 before answering.

Station 1: (319 + 3) 5 = 64 r 2
Use the quotient as dividend in station 2.

Station 2: 64 3 = 21 r 1

Station 3: Add the three remainders: 3 + 2 + 1 = 6_
Finish line: Add 91 to the sum of the three remainders: __6__ + 91 = 97.

Lesson 49 Dividing 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 2-Digit Numbers
without and with Remainder

Week 8
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
226

Objective
Divide 2- to 3- digit numbers by 2-digit numbers without and with remainder

Value Focus
Love for reading/Care for books

1. Basic division facts
2. Concept of repeated subtraction
3. Concept on dividing 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without and with
remainder

Materials
Flashcards on basic division facts, problems printed on the board


1. Drill

Conduct a drill on basic division facts.

2. Review

Ask pupils to solve this problem on the board.
I have 50 packs of biscuits and Im giving them equally among 8 groups of
pupils. How many packs of biscuits will be left?

3. Motivation

Show storybook to the pupils.
Ask: Who among you likes to read books? Why?
What kind of books do you read?
Do you love your books?
How do you take care of your books?



Post this problem on the chart.

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April 10, 2014
227
a. Mang Ramon is selling 39 kilograms of lanzones. If each of the 13

customers will buy the same number of kilograms of lanzones, how many
kilograms of lanzones will each customer buy?

Ask: How will you solve the problem?

1) Divide 39 by 13 to get the answer.
Look for the multiples of the divisor 13.

1 x 13 = 13
2 x 13 = 26
3 x 13 = 39

So 39 13 = 3 kilograms of lanzones for each customer

2) Use of repeated subtraction
Let the pupils subtract 13 from 39 repeatedly until they reach the
difference of 0.

39
13
26
26
13
13
13
13
0

So, what is the division sentence that we can use to represent the
problem? (39 13 = 3)

a) How many times did we subtract 13 from 39?
b) Is the number of times 13 is subtracted from 39 equivalent to the
quotient 3?

b. Collette has PhP48. She wants to buy handkerchiefs for her sister. If each
handkerchief costs PhP15, how many handkerchiefs can she buy with her
money? How much change will she get?
1) Have the pupils divide 48 by 15 to solve the problem.
Let them look for the multiples of the divisor 15.

1 x 15 = 15
2 x 15 = 30
3 x 15 = 45
There are 3 groups of 15 in 48. Since 3 x 15 = 45, subtract 45 from 48.
48 45 =3
Therefore: 48 15 = 3 r 3
Collette can buy 3 handkerchiefs with her money. Her change would
be PhP3.

1
2
3
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
228
2) Another solution: Repeated subtraction

1 2 3

How many 13s are there in 39?
48 15 = 3
3 x 15 = 45
48 45 = 3 (The remainder is 3 since there is no
more digit to bring down in the
division process.)

Divide the class into three groups.
Have the pupils solve the problem in different ways. Let them present their
work to the class.

How do we divide 2-digit numbers by 2-digit divisors?

Ask pupils to find the quotient in the exercises of Activity 1 in the LM. Let them
write their answers on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 10 r 11 2) 7 3) 20 r 4 4) 6 5) 37 r 4 6) 30 r 1 7) 12

How are 2- to 3-digit numbers divided by 2-digit numbers?

Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Have the pupils find the quotient. Let them show
their solutions on their paper.
Answer Key: 1) 8 2) 3 3) 4 r 4 4) 8 r 12 5) 19

C. Evaluation
18 15 = 3 33 15 = 18 48 15 = 3 48 15 = 3 r. 3
15 48
45
3
3
Cleff has 96 pieces of marbles to be placed equally in 12 boxes.
How many marbles will be in each box?
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
229
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Let the pupils fill in the blanks. Ask them to choose
the answer from the numbers in the box. Have them write their answers on their
papers.
Answer Key: 1) 7 2) 1 3) 20 4) 23 5) 11
D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in the LM. Ask the pupils to complete the table. Let them
copy the activity on their notebooks. Have them work at home.
Answer Key: 1) 2 r 12 2) 4 3) 5 4) 11 r 6 5) 20 r 8

Lesson 50 Dividing 2- to 3-Digit Numbers by 10 and 100

Week 8

Objective
Divide 2- to 3-digit numbers by 10 and 100

Value Focus
Helpfulness

Division and Multiples of 10 and 100

Materials
Show me boards



1. Drill
Skip counting activities: Provide a sample activity for this.
Give the missing numbers to complete the pattern.
10 20 30 50
70 80 90 100
160 170 180 190
900 800 500

2. Review
Complete each table by following the rule.

Given Multiply by 10 Multiply by 100
2 20 200
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3 30 300
4
5
6
7
8
9

3. Motivation
Divide the class into three groups. Provide each group a multiplication grid.
Example: (6 x 15)

Multiplier
Multiplicand

a. First, show partition of larger number to make it easier for them to
complete the grid. Example: 15 = 10 + 5
b. Write the sum of the number (10 and 5) under the multiplicand column.
The larger number (10) should be written first followed by the smaller
number 5.

Multiplier
Multiplicand 6
10
5

c. Then, multiply the digit on the top row by the multiplier (10 x 6) = 60. Write
the answer on the first row under the multiplier column. Repeat the
same procedure for the other number (5 x 6 = 30).
d. Finally, add the products of these two number (60 + 30) = 90

Multiplier
Multiplicand 6
10 60
5 30

Answer the following using the grid.

Group 1: 4 x 65
Sum: 90
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
231
Multiplier
Multiplicand 4

Group 2: 7 x 48
Multiplier
Multiplicand 7

Group 23: 6 x 32

Multiplier
Multiplicand 6


A civic organization receives a donation of 200 bottles of mineral water for
the victims of Typhoon Yolanda in Tacloban City. The bottles of mineral water
will be distributed equally among 10 families. How many bottles of mineral
water would each family receive?
Can you help them find ways on how to distribute the number of bottles
equally among them?

Let us find 200 divided by 10.
1. Use of family of multiplication
and division facts

2 x 1 = 2 2 1 = 2
20 x 1 = 20 20 10 = 2
20 x 10 = 200 200 10 = 20

Each Barangay will receive 20
boxes of noodles

2. Cross Out
Method/Short
cut method

Cross out zeros to
make division
easier.
200 10

Cross out the same
number of zeros in
both the dividend
and divisor.
20 10 = 2

Think:
2 tens 2 = 2 tens
3. Long Method
Step 1
2
10 200
20
Divide: 20 10 = 2
Multiply 2 x 10 = 20
Subtract 20 - 20 = 0

Step 2
20
10 200
20
0 bring down
0 zero in the
0 ones place

-
-
-
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
232

So 200 10 = 20

Divide 0 10 = 0
Multiply 0 x 10 = 0
Subtract 0 - 0 = 0

Ask:
a. Which method would you think is easier to use? Why?
b. As a pupil what can you offer/give to these people who were victims of
typhoon Yolanda? Why?

Let us have another example:

9000 100 =
Look at the number of zeros in the divisor, then cross-out as many zeros in the
dividend as there are in the divisor. What do you get?

9000 100 =

90 1 = 90

So, 9000 100 = 90

Let us have more examples

Let us find 42 10.
4 r 2
10 42
40
2
There are no digits left to divide,
so 2 is the remainder.

The answer is 4 remainder 2.

Let us find 8250 100.
8 r 25
100 825
800
25

100 is greater than 25, so 25 is
the remainder.

The answer is 8 remainder 25.

a. Divide the pupils into four groups.
Group 1 and 2 will find the answer using the family of multiplication and
division facts and the remaining groups will be using cross-out method or
cancellation.
Ask the pupils to post their answers on the board and let the group
leader explain their work.

Groups 1 and 2 Groups 3 and 4
-
-
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1) 320 10 1) 460 10
2) 560 10 2) 680 10
3) 125 10 3) 375 10
4) 2560 100 4) 3150 10
5) 4500 100 5) 5420 10

b. Have pupils work on Activities 1 and 2 in the LM. Tell them to write their
answers on their papers.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: A. 1) 65 2) 10 3) 10 4) 48 r 6 5) 9 r 3
B. 1) 6 2) 25 3) 50 4) 40 5) 78
Activity 2: 1) a 2) b 3) a 4) a 5) d

What are the methods used in dividing numbers by 10 and 100 without
remainder? with remainder?

a. Group Activity: Form the class into four groups. Let them answer the
activity using their answer sheet.
Follow the number paths. Write the answer in your answer sheet.
1) Start

2) Start

3) Start

4) Start

Answer Key: 1) 500 2) 3 3) 36 r 7 4) 5 r 2

b. Have pupils work on Activity 3 in the LM.
Answer Key:
1) 56 2) 8 3) 43 4) 75 5) 62 6) 81 7) 90 8) 10

50 ? X100
10
300
?
X10
10
100
52
?
X100
10
100
367
?
X100
10
100
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c. Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Have them solve the activity
in their notebook.
Answer Key:
1) 56 2) 8 3) 43 4) 75 5) 62 6) 81 7) 40 8) 10 9) 12 10) 9

What do you do to divide whole numbers by 10 or 100?
To divide whole numbers by 10 or 100, cancel the same number of zeros
from both the dividend and the divisor.

Solve the following problems. (Four in each group)
1. The 500 pupils of San Isidro Elementary School are going on a field trip.
They will be distributed equally among ten buses. How many pupils will
be in each bus?
2. The pupils are going to watch the dolphin show which can
accommodate 100 pupils per group. How many groups of 100 will
there be in 500?
3. Angela and Cathy assist their teacher in arranging books in the library.
They have to put 400 books in 10 book shelves. How many books will
there be in a bookshelf?
4. There are different kinds of books in the library. If there are 100 books of
each kind, how many kinds of books are there in 800?
5. Renz and Angelu help their father pack mangoes to be sold in the
market. They have gathered 850 mangoes to be divided equally
between 10 baskets. How many mangoes are there in every basket?
Answer Key: 1) 50 buses 2) 5 groups 3) 40 books 4) 8 kinds 5) 85
mangoes

C. Evaluation
Have pupils work on Activities 5 and 6 in the LM. Check their answers.
Answer Key:
Activity 5
Quotient
Number sentence
Divisor: 10 Divisor: 100
1) 9 90 10 900 100
2) 7 70 10 700 100
3) 36 360 10 3 600 100
4) 60 600 10 6 000 100
5) 78 780 10 7 800 100

Activity 6
1) 48 2) 56 3) 61 4) 82 5) 95 6) 4 7) 5 8) 6 9) 8 10) 9 11) 4 r 9
12) 7 r 5 13) 1 r 25 14) 3 r 66 15) 95

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D. Home Activity
Divide the following by 10 and then by 100. Write the answers in your notebook.
120 230 360 225 300 345 500 623 1400 2300

Answer Key:
Divisor 120 230 360 225 300 345 500 623 1 400 2 300
10 12 23 36 22 r
5
30 34 r
5
50 62 r
3
140 230
100 1 r
20
2 r
30
3 r
60
2 r
25
3 3 r
45
5 6 r
23
14 23
Lesson 51 Estimating the Quotient

Week 9

Objective
Estimate the quotient of 2- to 3-digit numbers by 1- to 2-digit numbers with
reasonable results


Materials
Show Me boards, number wheel



1. Drill
Show the number wheel to the class. Distribute Show me boards to the
pupils. Instruct them to round off each number that the pointer indicates.

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2. Review
Divide the class into five groups. Let them complete the grid for 3 minutes.

Make a table as shown below. Let the pupils divide the numbers along the
first row (dividend) with the numbers along the first column (divisor). Write the
quotient in the grid. Provide an example.

Dividend

90 120 150
D
i
v
i
s
o
r

3 30
6
10


Present a problem.

Let the pupils analyze the given problem.

Ask:
a. What process will you use to solve the word problem?
b. How will you represent the problem into a number sentence?
c. Can you think of a possible solution to get the answer?

Look at the given: 325 31.
Ask the pupils to estimate 325 31.
Lead the pupils in discovering the steps.
Lead them to answer the problem by asking questions. Write the pupils
response on the chart.
A jeepney driver travelled a total distance of 325 km in
31 days. About how many kilometers did he travel in each
day? (This is assuming he did not have a day off and the
distance covered daily is uniform).
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Ask:
d. What is the divisor in the given? How many digits are in the divisor?
e. What about the dividend?
f. What is 31 when you round it off to the nearest tens?

Now, can you think of a compatible number closer to 325 that can be
divided by 31?
Explain compatible numbers in math are numbers that are close together in
value. They can be used for estimations, or when attempting to do mental
math. For example, 21 11, the compatible numbers are 20 10 because 20
can be easily divided by 10. So the estimated quotient of 21 11 is 2.

Given Round the
divisor
Think of
Compatible
Numbers
Estimate
What are
given?

325 31
352 31

31 rounds to
30

300 30

10
325 31

10

(Ask the pupils to give possible answers.)

From your list, which among these numbers is closer to 325 and can be a
compatible number to divide?
Now, what is your estimate answer?

How far did the driver travel a day?

Does it mean that the driver travels more or less than 10 kilometers in a day?
Why? (The driver travels more than 10 km in a day because 325 31 =10 r 15,
which is greater than 10 km.)

Let us have more examples:

Let us estimate the quotient of 80 9. Look at the divisor. How many digits do
we have in the divisor? What about the dividend?

This time let us analyze the dividend. Can you think of a number which is
close to 80?

What is the closest number to 80 that can be divided by 9? (81)
If Karen pours 80 glasses of buko juice into 9 pitchers, about
how many glasses of buko juice will be in each pitcher?
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Now, what is 81 9? (9)

So, there will be 9 glasses of buko juice in each pitcher.

Why is it important to think of the basic facts in estimating the quotient?

Is the quotient of 33 4 greater than or less than 8?

Now look at 33. This number is close to what number? (32)
32 4 = 8
To check, let us multiply 8 and 4, and you will have the same answer.

Emphasize that, in estimating quotients, we do not round a 1-digit divisor.

a. Present the activity to the class. Let the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM
using their paper.
Answer Key:
Given Round off the
divisor
Think of
compatible
numbers
Estimate
1) 184 11 10 180 10 18
2) 338 48 50 350 50 7
3) 508 21 20 500 20 25
4) 677 56 60 660 60 11
5) 889 78 80 880 80 11

b. Divide the class into five groups.
Provide an activity card for each group to perform.
Ask somebody from the group to report their output.
Group 1 1) 25 6 = __________
2) 274 9 = __________
Group 2 3) 41 7 = __________
4) 526 12 = __________
Group 3 5) 65 8 = __________
6) 615 28 = __________
Group 4 7) 74 9 = __________
8) 479 18 = __________
Group 5 9) 85 5 = __________
10) 285 5 = __________

c. Activity: Read and answer the activity below. Give this problem one at a
time. Let the pupils answer each item for one minute.
(Present this sample first.)

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Ask: What basic division fact can you use to help you estimate the
quotient of 14 5? Explain.

Possible answer: 15 5 = 3. Since 14 is close to 15, the quotient is about 15.
Ask:
1) Is the quotient of 49 6 greater than or less than 8? Explain.
(Answer: 48 6 =8, so 49 6 is greater than 8)

(Answer: 54 9 =6, so 53 9 is less than 6)

(Answer: 42 7 =6, so 41 7 is less than 6)

Ask:
a. How did you do to get the answer?
b. Why is it important to round off the divisor in estimating quotient?

Have pupils answer Activity 2 in the LM. Check pupils work.

Answer Key: Activity 2
A. 1) 40 2) 36 3) 40 4) 40 5) 36
B. 1) 20 5 = 4 2) 28 4 = 7 3) 36 4 = 9
4) 64 8 = 8 or 72 8 = 9 5) 95 5 = 19
C. 1) 120 20 = 6 2) 320 80 = 4 3)420 60 = 7
4) 720 90 = 8 or 800 100 = 8 5) 810 90 = 9

For additional activity, let the pupils estimate the quotient of the following. Let
them write their answers in their notebooks.
1) 16 5
a. Write the closest number to 16 that divides 5 evenly _______
b. Write a new number sentence
c. 16 5 is about _______
2) 786 37
a. Write the closest number to 786 that divides 37 evenly _____
b. Write a new number sentence
c. 786 37 is about _______

Ask: How can we estimate the quotient?

To estimate a quotient, round the divisors.
Think of the compatible numbers to divide the estimate.

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Have pupils work on Activities 3 and 4 in the LM. Discuss and check pupils
answers.
Answer Key:
Activity 3: 1) 64 8 = 8, about 8 pupils
2) 48 3 = 16, 16 in each group
3) 700 10 = 10, about 70 pupils or 732 12 = 61, about 61 pupils

Activity 4
Day Number of Players Number of Teams

1. Monday 73 8
2. Tuesday 37 4
3. Wednesday 82 9
4. Thursday 55 6
5. Friday 46 5

C. Evaluation
Answer Key:
A.
Estimate > or < Exact Quotient
1) 64 7 63 7 = 9 < 9 r 1
2) 83 9 81 9 = 9 < 9 r 2
3) 130 8 120 8 = 15 < 16 r 2
4) 396 4 400 4 = 100 > 99
5) 850 9 850 10 = 85 < 94 r 4
6) 244 37 240 40 = 6 < 6 r 22
7) 300 59 300 60 = 5 < 5 r 5
8) 397 4 400 4 = 100 > 99 r 1
9) 230 73 210 70 = 3 < 3 r 11
10) 545 50 550 50 = 11 > 10 r 45

B. 1) exact 2) exact 3) estimate

D. Home Activity
Have pupils work on Activity 6 in the LM. Have them estimate the quotient.

Answer Key: A. 1) 5 2) 50 3) 540 6 = 90 4) 9 5) 440 20 = 22
B. Pupils answers vary

Lesson 52 Dividing Mentally 2-Digit Numbers by 1-Digit Numbers
without Remainder
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Week 9

Objective
Divide mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without remainder

Value Focus
Cooperation
Prerequisite Skills
Division, factors of a given number

Materials
Cut-outs, real objects, flash cards



1. Drill
Contest: A Step for Victory

Mechanics:
1. Pupils will be grouped into fives. Participants from each group will be
called one at a time.
2. Flash the cards with word problems or mathematical facts such as:
a. I'm thinking of a number. When you divide it by 3 the
quotient is 6. What is the number?
b. The dividend is 10, the quotient is 2, what is the divisor?
c. The divisor is 5, the quotient is 9, what is the dividend?
d. The divisor is 7, the dividend is 21, what is the
quotient?
e. The dividend is 81, the divisor is 9, what is the quotient?

3. The first pupil to give the correct answer will make a step forward together
with his/her group mates. The first set of pupils from each group will then
go at the back of their other group mates.
4. Another set of pupils from each group will answer another mathematical
problem. The first pupil to give the correct answer will make a step forward
together with his/her group mates. This set of pupils from each group will
also go at the back of their other group mates.
5. Do this activity until one group reaches the finish line and will be declared
the winner.

2
x 6

7
+ 8

30
- 11

8
x 4

63
9

12
+23

28
7

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2. Review
Find the missing numbers.

1. 3 x 3 = ______ 4. 4 x 4 = ______
2. 30 x ____ = 90 5. 5 x ____ = 200
3. ____ x 3 = 900

What multiplication pattern did you use to find the missing number?
3. Motivation
Say:
Get 9 counters, e.g. popsicle sticks. Suppose you will give these counters
equally to your 3 friends for your science activity, how many counters will
each of your friends receive? Using your Show me boards, draw how you
will group these counters equally.

1. Into how many groups did you divide the counters? Why?
2. How many counters will be given to each of your friends?
3. Using your show cards, draw different ways of grouping 12 equally.
4. What is the basic fact that you used in the problem? (9 3) = 3
5. Do you also share your toys? Why?
6. How do you feel when you share your toys?


Present a word problem.

Miss Hilario has 90 books in mathematics. She wants to divide these books
equally among 3 sections. How many books will each section receive?
Ask:
a. How many books does Miss Hilario have?
b. What does she want to do with the books?
c. How shall she solve the problem?
d. What is the number sentence? (90 3 = n)

Let us analyse the given in the problem:
Say: Lets answer 90 3 mentally.
Ask: Look at the dividend. Is it divisible by 10?
Since 90 is a multiple of 10, you can simply use the basic fact to divide 90 by 3
mentally

90 3 = 9 tens divided by 3 equals 3 tens.
So, 90 3 =30
Each section will have 30 books.
What strategy did you use to get the answer? (Family fact/basic division fact)

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243
If Miss Hilario will distribute the 90 books to 30 schools in Manila, how many
books will each school receive?

What process will you use to solve the problem?
Look at the number of zeros in both the dividend and divisor.
Can we cross out the same number of zeros in both the dividend and divisor?
(Write the equation on the board.)
90 30 = 3

Now think 9 3 = 3

So, what is 90 30 = 3

Each school will receive 3 books.

What do you call this strategy, when you cancelled the same number of
zeros both in dividend and in divisor? (Cross-out method)

Can you divide 95 by 5 without using paper and pencil?
Let us find the answer:
Can you rename the dividend 95?
Write the pupils response on the board

By renaming:
95 5 = (60 5) + (35 5)
12 + 7 = 19
So, 95 5 =19

In this example, what did you do to divide mentally? (rename the
dividend)
What do you call this strategy? (Renaming)

Let us use 95 5 in dividing mentally using another strategy:
Ask: What is the divisor? (5)
If the divisor is 5, multiply it by 2 to make it 10.
Multiply also the dividend by 2 to compensate and divide its product by 10.
95 5 = (95 x 2) (5 x 2)
190 10 = 19
What strategy did you use to divide? 95 5? (Compensation)

a. Divide the following mentally using any method. Use your show me board.
The teacher will read the given. When she says stop the pupils will raise
their show me board.

1. 45 5 6. 764
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2. 54 3 7. 72 3
3. 60 2 8. 85 5
4. 68 4 9. 90 6
5. 70 5 10. 98 7

b. Group Activity

Divide the class into four groups. Ask a representative from each group to
serve as guard in the other group. The guard will insure that the group
members are not using paper and pencil to get the correct answer.
The fastest group with the most number of correct answers wins.
Let them do Activity 1 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 15 2) 19 3) 38 4) 17 5) 16

Ask:
How did you get the answers in the activity?
How many digits are there in the dividends? the divisor?
Can we get the answer without using our paper and pencil? How?
What strategies did you use in dividing mentally?
Which among the strategies given is the easiest for you to divide
mentally? Why?

a. Prepare cards with mathematical problems. Instruct one pupil to pick one
card from the box. Then ask the pupil to read the question and give the
correct answer. (The teacher should have ready-made questions before
the activity.)
Examples:
1. 45 3 = _____
2. _____ 10 = 5
3. 60 _____ = 30
4. 75 _____ = 25
5. How many tens are there in 60?
6. How many fives are there in 75?
7. What is 46 2?
8. How many 15s are there in 60?

b. Refer pupils to Activity 2 in the LM. Have them use mental division to
complete each table.

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245

c. Choose one dividend from house A and one divisor from house B to make
a division sentence. You may use each number more than once.

Dividend Divisor

5. Summarizing The Concept
How do we divide mentally 2-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers without
remainder?

To divide mentally, rename the dividend to numbers that are easy to divide,
then add their quotient.

When the divisor is 5, use compensation method to divide mentally. This
means, multiply the divisor 5 by 2 to make it 10.Then multiply the dividend by
2 and divide its product by 10.

a. Let the pupils solve the following problems mentally.
1. There are 36 mangoes on the table. If Rina will put 4 mangoes in each
box, how many boxes will be used?
2. Mang Tomas sells rice in the market. He wants to pack 75 kilos of rice
into 5-kilo bags. How many bags will he need?
3. Mrs. Padillas class is 60 minutes. She wants to divide her class time into
3 equal periods. How many minutes will each period be?
4. Mother buys 36 meters of cloth for her dress shop. She has to distribute
it to her 3 sewers equally.
a. How many meters will each sewer receive?
b. How could you use a basic fact to find the answer?
5 8 6
3 4 2
9 7
32 27 56
63 48 24
72 81
A
B
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April 10, 2014
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b. Give Activity 3 in the LM to pupils. Have them construct division sentences
mentally using the given number as dividend.

C. Evaluation
1. Provide the activity below and let the pupils solve mentally then compare
the quotients using greater than, less than or equal to.
1) 35 7 _____ 16 4
2) 48 6 _____ 63 7
3) 56 7 _____ 24 3
4) 88 4 _____ 60 5
5) 90 3 _____ 96 3

2. Have pupils work on Activity 4 in the LM. Have them explain the method
they used to solve the problem.
Pupils answers vary. Check the reasonableness of pupils answers.
Possible answer:
(10 pieces of pencils x PhP6.00) + (1 pad paper x PhP15.00) = PhP75.00

D. Home Activity
Assign Activity 5 in the LM as homework. Let pupils write their answers in their
notebooks. (Pupils answers vary)

Lesson 53 Solving Problems involving Division without
or with any other Operations of Whole Numbers

Week 10

Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving division of 2- to 4-digit numbers by
1- to 2-digit numbers without or with any other operations of whole number including
money using appropriate problem strategies and tools

Value Focus
Resourcefulness, Helpfulness

Division and multiplication facts

Materials
Flashcards
DRAFT
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1) Drill
Flash cards with the division facts and let the pupils solve mentally.

1. 183 = 6. 637 = 9
2. 24 4 = 7. 70 5 =
3. 32 8 = 8. 80 4 =
4. 49 7 = 9. 81 9 =
5. 56 9 = 10. 90 10 =

2) Review
Shows a flash card with illustration and ask the pupils to write the division
and fact family using their show me board one at a time.
Example:

Number sentence: M 2 x 6= 12 D 12 6 = 8

1. 2. 3.

M _____________
D ____________

M _____________ M _______________
D _____________ D _______________

3) Motivation
Ask:
What have you seen in the picture?
What can you say about the current price of rice in the
market?
Why do you think most of us like to eat rice?

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Present a problem.
Mang Ramon packed 96 kilos of rice into 12-kilo bags. A bag of rice was sold
for PhP400 each. If he paid his helper PhP500, how much did he earn?

Let us analyze the problem. Use the following steps:

Steps Questions Response
Solving problem requires
understanding and
analysis of the problem.
What do you need to find
out in the problem?
What does the problem
tell?
What information do you
have?

What are the hidden
questions?
The amount the owner
earned

96 kilos of rice packed into
12-kilo bags.
A bag of rice was sold at
PhP400 each.

Salary of helper PhP500,

How many 12-kilo bags of
rice were sold?
Plan:
Knowing all the needed
information and data,
determining what
operations to use.

What operations to use?

Write a number sentence.
Division and multiplication
and subtraction

((96 12) x PhP400)
- PhP500 =______
Solve Perform the operations.
Do the operation inside
the ( )first.
96 12 =8
PhP400 x 8 = PhP3 200
PhP3 200 500=PhP2 700
Answer: The vendor earned
PhP270

Lets have more examples:
1. Annie is using plastic string to make key chains. Initially, she had 175 cm of
plastic string. She used 30 cm for one key chain. Is Annie going to have
enough plastic string for five more key chains of the same size?

Do you have any idea on how to solve this problem? Lets figure out!
DRAFT
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2.

J
e
n
n
y

has 15 pieces of stars. She wants to share them equally with her 3 friends,
how many stars will each of them receive?
Can you think of different ways to solve this?

Provide cutouts of 15 pieces of stars. Ask the pupils to group the stars to
demonstrate equal sharing.
Ask: Can we group the stars into 3 equally?
Ask two pupils to demonstrate the groupings.
Possible Answers:
Pupil 1 will give the stars one at a time to her friends until all the stars
are given.
Pupil 2 will give 5 stars at once to each of her friends.
So, each of them will receive 5 stars.


a. Work in pairs.
Understand What facts do you know?
The roll of string is 175 cm long.
Each keychain is 30 cm long.
She has already used 40 cm of string.
What do you need to find?
Does Annie have enough string to make 6 more key
chains?
Plan

(The teacher should bring the following to facilitate the
learning process.
Use the act it out strategy with a piece of string that is 175
cm long.
Mark off the amount used for the first keychain, 30 cm,
and continue marking off lengths of 30 cm until there are
six more key chains or no more string left
Solve

Notice that there is only enough string for 4 more key
chains. So, there is not enough plastic string for 5 more
key chains.
Check Look back. Is the answer reasonable? Check by
multiplying. Since 30 5 = 150 and 30 6 = 180, there is
only enough string for 5 key chains in all, not 6.
30 cm 60 cm 90 cm
120 cm 150 cm 175 cm
0
30 cm 30 cm 30 cm 30 cm 30 cm 25 cm
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April 10, 2014
250
Instruct the pupils to work in pair. The teacher will post a question on the
board.
Ask them to draw a picture to illustrate the sharing of 6 pieces of
50-peso bills equally distributed among 5 friends. How much will each
receive?
Let the pupils explain their work.

b. Have pupils read and answer Activity 1 in the LM. Have them use
different strategies in finding the answer. Let them explain their answer.
(Pupils strategies may vary.)
Answer Key: (possible answers)
1) Yes, 60 (7 x 7) = 60 49 = 11sandwiches left
2) PhP850 120 = 7 r 10; 10 pesos would be left after 7 days
3) 2 161 200 = 10 r 161, 10 baskets with 200 mangoes and 161 mangoes
will be put in one basket

Ask: What are the different strategies in finding the answer?

Group Activity
Divide the class into six groups. Distribute the activity cards. Ask them to
show their solution and post their work after answering the activity.

Groups 1 and 2
Jovie saves PhP 225.00. She would like to buy identical gifts for her 3 friends.
How much is the cost of gift that she would give to them?
Groups 3 and 4
Look at the table below.
1. Helper A can carry 10 boxes of rambutan
2. Helper B can carry 8 boxes of rambutan
3. Helper C can carry 6 boxes of rambutan

How many different ways could the three helpers divide the boxes of
rambutan? How do you know that you have shown all the possible ways of
grouping 24?
Groups 5 and 6
There are 225 pupils in Grade 3. If the pupils are divided equally into 5
sections, how many pupils are there in each section?

Illustrate the sentences below and write the number sentence.

1. PhP3 200 is given to 80 pupils.
2. Mario bought 3 kilos of rice worth PhP112.
3. 32 pieces of pandesal given to 4 pupils
4. 60 goats owned equally by 6 farmers
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5. How many 50s are there in 6 000?

Ask: What are the different strategies /methods in solving word problems?

a. Have pupils work on Activity 2 in the LM. Have them illustrate or show the
different ways of grouping/answering the given problems.
Answer Key:
1) 4 cupcakes
2) Yes, because PhP750 (5 + 2) = PhP107 with PhP1 remaining
3) 3 packs of noodles, 4 kilos of rice and 1 bar of laundry soap for each
household
4) Yes, because 35 x PhP50 = PhP1 750, PhP1 750 is less than PhP6 000.
5) Pupils answers may vary
b. Have them work on Activity 3 in the LM.
Answer Key: Strategies of pupils may vary.
Possible solutions:
1) Pupils may draw 76 objects and group them into 12 sets of 6. The
number of objects left is 4.
2) PhP920 20 = 46 twenty-pesos
3) 15 4) 25 5) 6 groups of 100

c. Let the pupils answer the following questions by pairs. Let them show their
solutions in their notebook
1) A baker bakes 1 720 cookies. He placed 25 pieces in each plastic
bag. How many plastic bags of cookies were there in all?
2) Seven boys ate their lunch at the canteen. The meal cost PhP238.
They agreed to share equally the expenses. What was the share of
each boy?
Answer Key:
1) 68 plastic bags with 25 cookies and 20 remaining cookies
2) PhP34 share of each boy

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils answer the problems below on their paper.

Direction: Read and answer the problems.
1) A sampaguita vendor gathered 800 sampaguita flowers. She used 10 flowers
to make a garland. How many garlands did she make?
2) Mr Reyess store had 144 pairs of socks. The socks were sold in packages of 12
pairs. How many packages were there?
3) Mrs. Abellardo withdrew PhP2 500 from the bank. She bought grocery items
worth PhP1 375 and the remaining amount would be given equally among
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her 3 children as their weekly allowance. How much would each child
receive? Explain your answer.
Answer Key: 1) 80 garlands 2) 12 packages 3) PhP375 per child

D. Home Activity
Let pupils answer Activity 4 in the LM.
(Pupils answers may vary.)
Lesson 54 Creating Problems involving Divisions or with any of
the other Operations of Whole Numbers

Week 10

Objective
Create problems involving division or with any of the other operations of whole
numbers including money with reasonable answers

Value Focus
Sharing

Multiplication, Addition and Subtraction of numbers including money

Materials
Flashcards, smartboard, pictures, guava fruits, plastic knives, cutouts, play money,
coins



1. Drill
Use the operation of multiplication and division to fill in the empty boxes.
a. b.

2. Review
Have the pupils complete some number sentences on the board.
1) 3 2) 4 3) 4) 6 5) 7
X
6 48
1/4
72
3
144
x
X
x
5 10
30
50
150
1/2
DRAFT
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x 3 x x 3 x 4 x .
8 12 21

3. Motivation
What steps do you follow in problem-solving?
* Understand the problem
* Plan the solution
* Solve
* Check for review

What do you do to understand a problem?
Read and reread
How do you decide what to do?
By noting how the quantities are related to each other
How do you check your answer?
Do the problem over again, do the problem in a different way


1. Presentation
Post the story on the board. (also found in LM)

Ask pupils to make questions that can be answered using division or with
other operations. Then let them solve the created problem.
Examples:
How many guavas will each of the six children receive if they divide the
guavas equally among them?

How many guavas will all the children receive if they divide the guavas
equally among them?

Ask: Can you also create your own problem like the one given, where you
can involve division or any other operations?

Divide the class into groups. Let each group answer the different situations.

Situation 1:
Read the story and make a problem involving division.

Six children were playing in the backyard. Two more
children came to join. Then they picked 24 guavas.
A shirt company made 475 shirts last week. The workers
only work from Monday to Friday.
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Situation 2:
Write a problem involving division and with any of the other operations using
the information in the box.

Situation 3:
Make a problem using the table below.

Animal Number of Animals Number of Cages
bird 20 2
dog 9 4
rabbit 18 3

Divide the class into groups of five.
Post the two best problems in each situation and let them do the tasks below.

a. Ask each group to role play the situation and report on how many ideas
they generated:
In how many ways can come up with PhP1 000 using 8 pieces of paper
bills? List the combinations.

What is the least number of paper bills equivalent to PhP1 000?
What is the most number of paper bills equivalent to PhP1 000?

b. Have the pupils share strategies that they can use to write problems in
which the remainder is 3.
(Possible answer: Add 3 to the product of a multiplication fact that
uses 3 as a factor, such as 4 x 3=12. Divide the sum by the other factor,
12 +3 =15, 15 4 =3 r 3)

Let the pupils answer Activity 1 in the LM. Ask the pupils to work with a partner
and make a problem with reasonable answer based on the given situation.
Answer Key: Pupils answers may vary.
Possible answers:
1) There are 45 pupils in a class. They are given 100 packs of powdered milk.
If each pupil will be given equal number of powdered milk, how many
packs will each of them receive? 100 45 = 2 r 10; two packs of
powdered milk per pupil
2) Teresa counted 100 feet of chickens and goats in their farm. If the
number of goats is one more than the number of chickens, how many
chickens and goats are there? 17 goats and 16 chickens
afternoon snacks for your classmates,
PhP1 000 , banana, brown sugar, gulaman, tube ice
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17 goats x 4 = 68 feet; 16 chickens x 2 feet = 32 feet

How do you create a problem on a given situation?

a. Let the pupils answer Activity 2 in LM.

Encourage the pupils to exchange and solve each others riddles.
Answer for the sample riddle:
5 children, because the 4 daughters has only one brother

b. Divide the class into groups. Let the pupils answer Activity 3 in the LM.

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils make problems and give their reasonable answers to each
data in Activity 4 in the LM.

D. Home Activity
Let the pupils answer Activity 5 in the LM.

Possible Answers:
1) Three friends planted 84 pechay. Each plot has 14 pechay. How many
garden plots does each boy have?

Familiarize with the concepts in math. Think of the
application to everyday life situations.
Think of the type of problem you want to make and the
operations involved. Relate the problem to a real-life
situation.
Read more math problems. Study the solution in solving
the problems.
Make your own styles in generating ideas.
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one boy one boy one boy
2) No, at the rate of learning 2 words in 6 days, he will learn only 12 words
(2 x 6 = 12) not 15.
3) 13 6 = 2 r 1; each person will get two glasses of pineapple juice
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Lesson 55 Odd and Even Numbers

Week 1

Objective
Identify odd and even numbers

Value Focus
Alertness

Skip counting by 2s

Materials
Printed exercises, counters



1. Drill
Have the children name which number is greater and which number is
less.

5 and 7
23 and 21
424 and 426
1 330 and 1 329

2. Review
Have children discuss any pattern they see.
Add:

2 + 3 = 2 + 4 = 3 + 4 =

3 + 5 = 4 + 5 = 3 + 5 =

3. Motivation
Let pupils play a game Open the Basket.
1. Five pairs of pupils will hold hands to form a basket. The rest of the
pupils will go inside the baskets.
2. Say, Open the basket three pupils* can go inside a basket. Only
three pupils should be inside one basket. The pupil/s who was/were
not able to go inside any one of the baskets will sit down.

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e.g. 30 pupils - 5 pairs of pupils to be in the baskets (10 pupils), 20

pupils can go inside the basket; so if the teacher says, three
pupils can go inside the basket (3 x 5 = 15 pupils), 5 pupils will sit
down
* Number of pupils who can go inside the basket may vary.
3. Remove one pair of the pupils who form a basket. Say again,
Open the basket two pupils can go inside a basket. Only two
pupils should be inside one basket. The pupil/s who was/were not
able to go inside any one of the baskets will sit down.
4. Repeat the game until only one pair of basket remains and only
one pupil is inside the basket.

Ask: What happens to pupils who were not able to find an empty
basket? What should you do so you will not sit down?

How many makes a pair?


Talk with pupils about things that come in pairs.
Let pupils work in fours.
- Provide each group 50 counters/objects. Tell them to count 20
counters/objects and group these in pairs.
- Next, tell the groups to count 19 counters/objects. Let them
arrange their objects again in pairs.
- Ask the pupils to compare the two groups of objects. Let them
describe how the 2 groups differ. Let them identify 20 as an even
number and 19 as an odd number. Tell them that a number is even
when all the objects come in pairs and it is odd when there is an
object without pair.
- Repeat with several other numbers, always identify the numbers as
even or odd. Have a pupil tell how it is decided that the number is
even or odd.
- Let the pupils study the underlined digits of the following numbers:
40, 56, 72, 174 and 7958.
What kind of numbers are they? Why?
- Do the same procedure with these odd numbers. 47, 23, 165, 821
and 6429.

Present this story problem to pupils.

Mrs. Chings class is going to join the school program, so the pupils
are lining up in pairs. Today she has 24 pupils in class. Does each pupil
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have a partner? Why? What if there are only 23 pupils, will all the pupils
have a partner? Why?
Let the pupils solve the problem using their counters.
Ask them to show 24 and 23 in pairs.

Show 24 in pairs.

24 is even.
Show 23 in pairs.

23 is odd.

All even numbers make pairs
All odd numbers have one without pair.

Even numbers end in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.
Odd numbers end in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.

Since 24 ends in 4, it is an even number.
So, each pupil in Mrs. Chings class has a partner.
Talk about it
- Can each person in your classroom have a partner? How can you
find out?

You can also find odd or even number patterns in sums.

Give these examples to pupils.
Ask:

6 + 6 = 12 What kind of numbers are the addends.
2 + 6 = 8 What is the sum of 2 even numbers?

2 + 7 = 9 What is the sum of an even number and an
6 + 1 = 7 odd number?

3 + 5 = 8 What is the sum of 2 odd numbers?
5 + 9 = 14

Ask: How did you find out whether a number is odd or even?

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Refer to Activity 1 in LM. Ask the pupils to copy the numbers on their
paper. Let them write whether the number is odd or even.
Answer Key:
1) even 2) even 3) odd 4) odd 5) odd 6) odd 7) even 8) even
9) even 10) odd 11) odd 12) even 13) even 14) even 15) odd

When is a number even?
When is it odd?

Even numbers are numbers that can be divided exactly by 2. Even
numbers end in 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.

Odd numbers are those numbers that cannot be exactly divided by 2.
Odd numbers end in 1, 3, 5, 7, or 9.

Refer to Activity 2 in LM. Have the pupils identify the number asked for
on their paper.
Answer Key: 1) 79 2) 123 3) 599 4) 1 398 5) 2 204

C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in LM. Have the pupils work on the puzzle on their
paper. Ask them to color the odd numbers red and the even numbers
green.

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in LM. Ask the pupils to answer the questions in their
notebooks.
Answer Key: 1) 16 2) 4 193 3) 9 + 8 =17 4) 210
5) even numbers 6) even numbers 7) odd numbers
8) 1 009 or 1 011 9) 12 and 14 10) 975
Lesson 56 Fractions Equal to One and Greater than One

Week 1

Objective
Visualize fractions that are equal to one and greater than one

Value Focus
Sharing

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Fractions less than one

Materials
Illustration of fractions less than one, cake model, cut-outs of figures, number
lines



1. Drill
Let the pupils give the fractions for the shaded parts and unshaded
parts. Write their answer on the board.

2. Review

Game Climbing the Ladder
a. Call on 2 pupils.
b. Engage them in a race in climbing the ladder by checking out all
fractions less than one. (The ladder should have the same
fractions).

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c. The first pupil to come up with the most number of correct answers
wins the game. (Give some safety reminders like: Do not push each
other.

Ask: When is a fraction less than one?
A fraction is less than one when the numerator is less than the
denominator.

3. Motivation
Show a cake model.
On Enas birthday, her mother baked her a
cake. Ena divided it into 8 equal parts to be
shared among her friends.

Ask: How did Ena divide the cake?
Into how many equal parts was the cake
divided?
What will Ena do with the cake?


Present the following regions with all the parts shaded (cut-outs)

A B C
1
9
3
6
3
7
5
5
2
5
4
3
3
4
3
1
2
8
1
4
1
9
3
6
3
7
5
6
3
5
4
3
3
4
3
1
2
8
1
4
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Ask: Into how many equal parts is figure A divided?
Figure B? Figure C?
What fractional parts are shaded?

What do you call the fractions , and ?

Let the pupil discover that fractions equal to one have the same
numerator and denominator.

Pose the problem story.

Mother came home with 2 egg pies. She cut each into 4 equal
parts. She gave her five children one piece each. What part of the
pies did mother give?

Illustrate the problem models of 2 egg pies cut into 4 equal parts.
Have the pupils act out the problem situation and post the model
showing the given parts.

Ask: What do you call each part? How many parts are there?
How many wholes were formed using the parts?
How many parts were there with the whole?
Lead them to see through the model posted on the board that these
parts are equal to one and , a fraction more than a whole.

Write this as a fraction more than one. ( )

Have the pupils compare the numerator and the denominator of the
fraction. Ask which of the two is greater.

Show this other way of presenting the lesson

4
4
2
2
8
5
4
1
4
1
2
2
2
3
2
0
0 1
3
2
3
3
3
4
3
1 whole
1 whole
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For each number line, have the pupils figure out the number of equally
divided pieces needed to be equal to one. Have them express their
answers as fractions. Also, have them locate the fractions greater
than one in each number line. To increase their understanding, ask
them to compare the length represented by the fractions.

a. What kind of fractions are the following:

Ask: What kind of fractions are in A? in B? Why?
What do you notice about their numerators and
denominators?

b. Play a game. Look for Partners
1. Distribute different cut-outs of region divided into equal parts
2. Let them look for partners with shapes similar to theirs
3. When everybody has found his/her partner, let them form the
model of a whole and name it along with other parts.

How do we visualize fractions equal to one? More than one?

Refer to Activity 1 in LM. Let the pupils copy the activity on their paper.
Ask them to encircle the fractions that are equal to one in each set of
fractions. Box the fractions that are more than one.

2
2
4
4
3
3
5
5
6
6
A
8
6
5
7
7
4
4
3
3
2
B
0
1
4
2
4
3
4
4
4
5
4
6
4
0
1
5
3
5
2
5
4
5
5
5
6
5
7
5
1 whole
1 whole
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When are fractions equal to one? more than one?

Fractions are called fractions equal to one when their numerators
and denominators are the same.
Fractions are called fractions more than one when the numerators
are greater than the denominators.

Refer to Activity 2 in LM. Have the pupils write FE = 1 before fractions
equal to one, FM > 1 before fractions more than one on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) FE = 1 2) FM > 1 3) FM > 1 4) FM > 1 5) FE = 1
6) FE = 1 7) FM > 1 8) FE = 1 9) FM > 1 10) FE = 1

C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM in answering Who Am I? activity.

Answer Key:

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in LM. Ask the pupils to copy the exercise in their
notebooks. Let them fill up the table with fractions.

Answer Key:
Fraction Less than One Fraction Equal to One Fraction More than One

5
5
9
8
9
4
1) 2) 3) 4) fractions equal to one 5)
10
10
3
2
10
10
8
6
3
3
9
4
9
9
11
11
5
6
5
11
5
12
5
10
8
15
9
2
7
7
5
5
8
4
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Lesson 57 Reading and Writing Fractions Greater than One

Week 2

Objective
Read and write fractions that are greater than one in symbols and in words

Value Focus
Sharing, Fairness

Reading and writing unit fractions in symbols and in words

Materials
Cut-outs of different shapes, cards with fractions and shapes



1. Drill
Give the fractions for the shaded parts.

2. Review
Have a review on fractions equal to one and greater than 1.
Write A if the fraction is equal to one and B if the fraction is more than
one.

3. Motivation
Ask the class to read the problem. Let
the pupils act it out. Have them
answer the questions below.

Jojo cut a bibingka into 8 equal parts.
He gave 2 pieces to each of his 3
brothers and ate the rest. What part
did each one get?

Ask: To whom did Jojo give the 3 parts of the bibingka?
6
6
9
3
10
10
11
4
9
9
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How did he divide the bibingka?

What kind of a boy is he?
What value does he possess?
Do you want to be like him? Why?


a. Talk about the story problem.
Ask: Who cut a whole bibingka?
Into how many parts did he cut the bibingka?
What do you call each part?
How do you write the fraction in words? in symbols?
What parts were eaten by Jojo and his brothers?
Write the fraction in symbol and in words.

b. Conduct a game.
- Make several pairs of cards like the one shown below.

three-halves

-
- Shuffle the cards and place them on the pocket chart or taped
on the board facing down.
- Divide the class into 2 groups. At the teachers signal, a player
from each group chooses 2 cards and match them, the player
keeps the matched cards. Otherwise, the player puts back the
cards to their original position. The group with the most number
of matched cards wins.

Ask the class to read this problem.

Some pupils of Mrs. Molinas class colored game-squares. How
many game-squares did the pupils color?

We see:

We read:

We write: five-halves

3
2
5
2
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5
4
8
6
7
5
12
9
3
2
5
38
Ask: How many game-squares did they color?
What part of third game-square did they color?
How do you write the total number of game-squares the
pupils colored?

What do you call the number above the bar line?
How about the number below the bar line?
How do you write a fraction in symbol? in words?
What can you say about the numerator and the denominator of a
fraction greater than one?

Ask pupils to answer Activity 1 in the LM.

Answer Key: 1) five-fourths, , h 2) eight-sixths, , e

3) three-halves, , c 4) five-thirds, , b

5) nine sixths, , g 6) seven-fifths, , d

7)eight-fourths, , a 8) twelve-ninths, , f

Can fractions greater than one be read and written in symbols and in
words? How are they read? Written?
What is the relationship between the numerator and the denominator
of a fraction that is greater than 1?

Refer to Activity 2 in LM. Have the pupils write the number fractions on
their papers.
Answer Key:
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9)
10)

15
3
12
11
13
10
12
9
6
5
11
7
9
6
8
7
10
8
4
3
A fraction greater than one can be written in symbols and in words.
The numerator is greater than the denominator.
9
6
8
4
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C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in LM. Ask the pupils to write the fractions for the
names on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) eight-sevenths 2) four-thirds 3) ten-eighths
4) six-fourths 5) nine-sixths 6) five-halves 7) nine-eighths
8) twelve-tenths 9) six-halves 10) seven-fifths

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in LM. Let the pupils work on the activity on their
notebooks at home. Ask them to write the fraction in symbols and in
words.
Lesson 58 Representing Fractions using Regions, Sets, and

Number Lines

Week 2

Objective
Represent fractions using regions, sets, and number lines

Value Focus
Equality

Identifying, writing and reading unit fractions

Materials
Number cards of fractions, square cards, connecting cubes, box with strips of
paper on which fractions are written



1. Drill
Prepare some cut-out shapes like the ones below. Show a variety of
shapes, each divided into two. Prepare similar cards for thirds and
fourths. Explain that each figure should be shaded to show the
fraction flashed by the teacher

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2. Review
Name the fractional part with an X in each given figure.
1) 2)

3)

3. Motivation
Let pupils work in pairs. Provide each pair with one square card. Ask
one group of pairs to divide their squares into three and shade a part
to show one-third. Another group of pairs will divide their squares into
four and shade a part to show one-fourth. And another group of pairs
will divide their squares into two and shade a part to show one-half.

Ask pupils to name the fractional part of each square that is shaded.

Ask: What would you do if you and two friends had to share one
rectangular cassava cake?
How will you divide the cassava cake?
If you divide it equally, what trait do you demonstrate?


a. Representing fractions using regions

Distribute a graphing paper or a grid paper (as shown) and
crayons to groups of 3.
Let each group draw the following regions in the graphing or grid
paper and color the parts asked for.
- Draw a 3 x 3 square region. Color 3 squares. Ask: What
fractional part of the region is colored. Call some groups to
show their work. Let them write the fraction form of the shaded
portion.
- Draw a 1 x 5 rectangular region. Color 2 squares. Ask: What part
of the rectangular region is not shaded or colored? Call some
groups to show their work. Let them write the fraction form of
the unshaded portion.
- Draw a region with 24 squares. (The groups may draw a 4 x 6, a
3 x 8, a 2 x 12 or a 1 x 24 rectangular region). Ask: If you color
one-half of the region, how many squares are colored or
shaded? Why? Let the groups explain their answer using their
drawing.

x
x
x
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b. Representing fractions using sets
Post the following illustrations on the board.
Let pupils study the sets of objects. Let them identify/name the
objects in each set. Ask them to count the objects in each set.
Set A Set B

Set C

Ask:
In Set A, how many ampalaya are shaded? What part of the set is
shaded? not shaded? Write the fraction for the shaded part,
unshaded part. How many more ampalaya should we shade to
show ? Explain their answer.
In set B, how many butterflies are shaded? What part of the set is
shaded? not shaded? Write the fraction for the shaded part,
unshaded part. Are we going to shade more butterflies or unshade
some butterflies to show 1/3 of the set? How many do we need to
add or subtract? Why?
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In set C, what is the fraction for the whole set? Let them write the
fraction. How many frogs should we color to show two-sevenths?
Let them color the frogs.
Call some pupils to draw the following sets on the board.
e.g. set of 10 balls, show 3/10; set of 16 pencils, show 1/2

c. Representing fractions using number line

Show this other way of representing the fractions using the number
line.
Let the pupils equally divide the number line as described.

Figure A 4 equal parts

Figure B 6 equal parts

Figure B 8 equal parts

Ask: Into how many parts is each of the number lines divided?
What do we call one part of figure A? B? C?
Let the pupils name and write the fractional part of each number line
on their chalkboards.

Have the class work in pairs.
- Distribute two squares of the same size to each pair.
- Let pupils find two different ways to divide the squares into 4 equal
parts and draw lines that illustrate the ways they found.
- When all the squares have been divided by the pairs, compare all
the ways found to divide the same figure into equal parts.
- Let pupils give the fraction for one part, two parts, etc.
(Possible ways to divide a square into 4 equal parts)

- Distribute more squares of the same size to each pair. Repeat the
activity by asking for different numbers of equal parts. e.g. 3 equal
parts, 5 equal parts
- Ask pupils to give the fraction for one part, two parts, etc. of the
given figure.

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Ask: How are fractions represented?
How should you divide a region, a set and a numberline?

Refer to Activity 1 in LM. Ask the pupils to name the fractional part of
each figure. Let them write their answers on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 2/12 2) 4/8 3)1/4 4) 2/4 5) 2/6

How can fractions be represented?

Fractions can be represented by the use of regions, sets and segments
of numberlines.

Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Let the pupils write the fraction for the part
of each group that is shaded on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 2/5 2) 4/5 3) 6/10 4) 3/9 5) 3/6

C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Have the pupils write the fraction that
names the part of the group described on their papers.
Answer Key: 1) 1/3 2) 2/5 3) 3/10 4) 3/7 5) 4/9

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 4 in the LM. Ask the pupils to copy the activity in their
notebooks. Let them do this at home.
Answer Key: A. 1) 3/8 2) 5/6 3) 7/10 4) 3/5
B. 1) 1/6 2) 3/3 3) 5/8 4) 3/9 5) 4/7
Lesson 59 Visualizing Dissimilar Fractions

Week 3

Objective
Visualize dissimilar fractions

Value Focus
Cooperation

Unit fractions, fractions less than one and more than one and similar fractions

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Materials
Activity sheets, flash cards, charts



1. Drill
Name the fraction represented by the shaded part.

Examples:

2
1

3
1

4
2

8
3

2. Review
A. Parts of a Fraction
1. What does 1 mean in
2
1
? What does 1 mean in
3
1
? What does 2
mean in
4
2
8
3
? What do we call these numbers
written above the fraction bar?
3. What does 2 mean in
2
1
3
1
? What does 8
mean in
8
3
? What do you call these numbers written below the
fraction bar?

B. Recall the concept of similar fractions.
Present exercises like:
1) 2/5, 3/5, 4/5, ____
2) 3/8, 4/8, _____, 6/8
3) 1/7, _____, 3/7, 4/7

Ask: What do you notice with the fractions? Why do you call them
similar fractions?

3. Motivation
Group Work
1. Divide the class into 3 groups. Group 1 will be rectangle group.
Group 2 will be circle group. Group 3 will be square group.
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2. Give each group 3 pieces of cut-outs of the shape the group is

named after.

3. Ask each group to get a shape and fold it into three equal parts.
Let them darken the creases. The rectangle group will shade 1
part, the circle group will shade 2 parts and the square group
3 parts.

4. Ask them again to get another shape and fold it into four equal
parts. Let them darken the creases again. The rectangle group
will shade 1 part, the circle group will shade 2 parts and the
square group 3 parts.

5. Ask them to get the last shape, fold the shape into 8 equal parts.
Darken the creases. Let the rectangle group shade only one
part; the circle group, 3 parts; and the square group, 5 parts.

(Note: Give the importance of cooperation while doing the group
activity)


Ask each group to post their work on the board.

Rectangle Group Circle Group Square Group

(Note: The folding style may vary for rectangle and square)

Ask one pupil to get the picture of 1/8, 3/8 and 5/8 and name the
shaded part.

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Set A

8
1

8
3

8
5

Ask another pupil to get the picture of 2/3, 1/8 and 3/4.

Set B

3
2

8
1

4
3

Ask: Into how many equal parts were the shapes in Set A
divided?
What part of the fraction does it represent? (denominator)
What have you noticed with the denominators?
How about set B? What are the denominators?
Are they all the same?
Do you know the name of fractions with the same
denominators?
(Tell the pupils that the fractions with the same denominators
are called similar fractions.)
How about the fractions in Set B? Do they have the same
denominators? What do you call these fractions that have
different denominators?
(Tell the pupils that the fractions with the different denominators
are called dissimilar fractions.)
Have them give other examples of dissimilar fractions and draw
their representations.

Ask:
When are fractions called dissimilar?
What part of the fractions are you going to compare?
If you are given shapes to represent dissimilar fractions, how are you
going to do it?
What characteristic did you find with dissimilar fractions?
What can you say with their denominators?
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276

a. Class Activity
Have the 5 sets of fractions below be written on 1/2 of cartolina.
Divide the class in 5 groups and give each group one set of fractions.

Say: Here is an activity in Ms. Anns class. Can you help her pupils do
this?
Which fraction will be crossed out to make each set dissimilar fractions
a better one. Give your reason for crossing it out.
1) 4 , 2 , 1 , 5 , 1 4) 6 , 5 , 3 , 2 , 5
5 4 5 8 6 8 7 5 8 5

2) 2 , 7 , 8 , 5 , 3 5) 4 , 9 , 5 , 4 , 1
4 8 8 6 9 8 10 6 6 3

3) 5 , 6 , 5 , 1 , 3
4 8 6 3 4
(Note: Any of the fractions to be crossed out is correct. But to make it a
better set of dissimilar fractions no denominators should be the same in
each set.)
b. Pair Activity
Refer to Activity 1 in the LM. Let the pupils do the activity by pair.
Answer Key: 1) x 2) 3) x 4) x 5)
Refer to Activity 2 in the LM. Let the pupils write their answer in their
notebook.
Answer Key:

2
1

6
5

4
3

6
1

5
3

3
2

2
1

3
1

When do we say that fractions are dissimilar?
Fractions are dissimilar if they have different denominators.

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a. Group Activity
Have the pairs of fractions below be written in 5 strips of cartolina.
Divide the class into 5 groups. Give each group a strip of cartolina. Let
them write their answer on 1/4 sheet of manila paper to be posted
later on the board.

Direction : Illustrate the pair of fractions. Then write dissimilar, if the set
is dissimilar fractions and similar, if these are not dissimilar.

1) 5/8 , 3/6
2) 2/4 , 6/8
3) 3/4 , 2/4
4) 4/5 , 4/6
5) 2/3 , 3/8

b. Pair Activity
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Let the pupils do the activity by pair.
Answer Key: 1) dissimilar fractions 2)
4
3
; example of another
fraction is 1/2

3) No, because 3/4 and 3/8 are dissimilar fractions

C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 4 in the LM.
Pupils are to write D on their paper if the given sets of fraction are
dissimilar
Answer Key: 1) D 2) D 4) D

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 5 in the LM. Pupils are to put a check mark on the
blank if the fractions are dissimilar.
Answer Key: 1)x 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) x 7) x 8) 9) x 10)

Lesson 60 Comparing Dissimilar Fractions

Week 4

Objective
Compare dissimilar fractions

Pre-requisite Concepts and Skills
1. Fraction and dissimilar fractions
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2. Fraction more than and less than one

3. Meaning of relation symbols

Value Focus
Equality

Materials
Cut-outs, activity sheets, real objects, flash cards, pocket chart, diagrams



1. Drill
Use flash cards. Engage pupils in a race by telling whether the
fractions are similar or dissimilar. Two pupils stand on the aisle. Teacher
flashes cards. Each will take one step every time s/he gets the answer
correctly. The first pupil to reach the finish line wins.
Example of flash cards:

7
4
3
2
,
8
5
2
1
,
5
4
5
3
,
8
4
8
1
,
5
4
9
4
,
3
4
3
5
,
3
4
9
3
,
7
4
7
2
,
5
2
3
1
,

2. Review
Recall the meaning of relation symbols. Review the concept of
comparing numbers.
Write >, < or = in the box.

1) 234 546 2) 563 301 3) 543 500+40+3 4) 81 tens 810
5) 102 431 6) 626 616 7) 600+12 642 8) 539 ones 58 tens

3. Motivation
Tell this story.
Yesterday, these children had these snacks:
Angela = 1/8 of pie
Angelu = 1/4 of pie
Renz = 1/5 of pie
Guess. Who do you think ate the biggest piece?

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1. Presenting of Lesson
Present these strips of paper. Ask what kind of fractions these are.

1
S

Let them take a look at the rectangles.
Ask what they observe.
Let them note that the fractions have the same numerators but
different denominators.
Ask: What do you call this kind of fractions? (Dissimilar fractions)
How will you classify these fractions in comparison with one whole?
(They are fractions less than one.)
What do you notice with the fractions as their denominator gets
bigger?

How will you compare 1/2 and 1/5?
Look at their value part in the illustration.
Which one is bigger or lesser?
How will you write the comparison using relational symbol?
1/2 > 1/5 or 1/5 < 1/2
Compare 1/4 and 1/3. (1/4 < 1/3)
Compare 1/3 and 1/5. (1/3 > 1/5)
Let the pupils write the correct comparison sentence on the board.
Ask: When you have the same numerators but different denominators,
how will you know which one is bigger? lesser?
(If the numerators are the same but the denominators are different,
the lesser the denominator, the bigger is the value.)

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Let us have another pair of fractions.

Compare and .

Observe the above examples.
Ask:
What do you notice with their numerators? denominators?
What kind of fractions are these? (Dissimilar Fractions)
How will you classify these fractions in comparison to one whole? (They
are fractions with more or less than 1.)
How do you compare these sets of fractions?
What do you notice with the fractions as their denominator gets
bigger?

Now, let us have another set of fractions
Present these other set of fractions.

<

What do you notice with their numerators? denominators?
Ask: What do you call this kind of fractions? (Dissimilar fractions)
How will you classify these fractions in comparison with one whole?
(They are fractions less than one.)
S
4
S
S
5
3
5
4
5
3
5
4
5
3
5
4
>
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How do you compare these sets of fractions?

Have an easier way to compare fractions without illustrating them.

Have them see this short way of comparing fractions.

Example: Compare 3 and 2
4 5
Let us do the Cross Product Method

Step 1: Multiply the numerator of the first fraction with denominator of
the second fraction. Place the product on top of the first fraction.
3 x 5 = 15
Step 2: Multiply the denominator of the first fraction with numerator of
the second fraction. Place the product on the top of the second
fraction.
2 x 4 = 8
Step 3: The fraction with the greater/bigger product on top has the
greater/bigger value.

15 > 8
3 and 2
4 5

So, 3/4 is greater than 2/5.

Lets have another example,

3 < 4

So, is less than .

Have the pupil compare again the pairs of fractions they have
compared earlier using the cross product method.
Ask: Did you come up with the same answers?

How do we compare:
a.) dissimilar fractions which are less than one having the same
numerators?

b.) dissimilar fractions which are more than one having also the same
numerators?
1
2
2
3
and
1
2
2
3
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c.) dissimilar fractions which have different numerator and
denominator with illustrations? without illustrations?
Which do you think is the most convenient way to compare fractions?
Why?

If you compare pair of fractions using the illustration and cross product
method, did you find the same answers?

a. Group Activity
Have one group of pupils fold the rectangular cut-outs (same in sizes)
to show 2/4, 2/3; 1/3, 2/4; and 1/6, 3/5. Have them compare the
fractions in each set.
Have another group compare the numbers using the short way.

Have the pupils do Activity 1 in their LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) < 2) > 3) > 4) >

c. Pair Activity
Have the pupils do Activity 2 in their LM by pair.
Answer Key: 1) 4/8 = 2/4 2) > 2/6 3) < 2/5 4) 3/5 > 1/3

What symbols of relation do we use in comparing fractions?
To compare fractions, we use the symbols of relation such as:
> read as is greater than
< read as is less than
= read as is equal to or equals

How do you compare dissimilar fractions?
For fractions with the same numerators, look at the denominators, the
fraction with the smaller denominator is the larger fraction.
For fractions with unlike denominators, cross multiplication may be
used.
For fractions with the same denominators, look at the numerators, the
larger fraction is the one with the greater numerator.

a. Class Activity
Go back to the question in the motivation, who do you think ate
biggest the piece? Explain your answer.
What method of comparison did you use? Give reason why you use
that method.

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b. Pair Activity
Tell the pupils to find a partner. One pupil will write a pair of fractions
and the other will compare it. If the comparison is correct then it will be
his/her turn to make a pair of fractions to be compared by his/her
partner. This will take several rounds. The pupil who gives the most
number of correct answers wins.

c. Pair Activity
Refer to Activity 3 in the LM. Have the pupils do it by pair.
Answer Key: Fractions > 2/3 4/5, 7/8, 5/6, and 6/7
Fractions < 2/3 , 3/8, 3/7, and 6/10

C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 4 in the LM. Have them write their answers in their
notebooks.
Answer Key: A. 1) < 2) > 3) = 4) = 5) <
B.1) False 2) False 3) True 4) False 5) True

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 5 in the LM. Have them write their answers in their
notebooks.
Answer Key: 1) > 2) < 3) < 4) < 5) < 6) > 7) < 8) < 9) > 10) >

Lesson 61 Arranging Dissimilar Fractions

Week 4

Objective
Arrange dissimilar fractions in increasing or decreasing order

Value Focus
Helpfulness, Industriousness

1. Reading and writing fractions
2. Fractions less than one, more than one and equal to one
3. Similar and dissimilar fractions
4. Equivalent fractions
5. Changing dissimilar fractions to similar

Materials
Flash cards, pocket chart, diagrams, fraction chart, show-me-board

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1. Drill
Find your Partner
Make 2 sets of flash cards. In one set are fractions written in symbol
while in the other set are fractions written in words.
Distribute the cards to the pupils. Tell them to find their partner. Give
them ample time to do the activity. The first pair to find his/her partner
and post their fractions on the board will be the winner.
Example of flash cards:

2. Review
The teacher will use the set of fractions in symbols that were used in the
drill part. The teacher will write on the board Fractions less than One,
Fractions more than One, and Fractions Equal to One
Say: Place the fractions in their appropriate column.
Ask a pupil to get a pair of fractions, e.g. and and compare
them. Call about 3 more pupils to compare a pair of fractions.

3. Motivation
Have you experienced going to the market?
What products do you usually buy in the market?
Flash some strips of paper with names of commodities sold in the
market and hardware.
Instruct the pupils to check () on their show-me-board if the item is
sold in the market and cross (x) if the item is sold in the hardware.

2
7
1
3
fruits chicken nail vegetables wood
four-fourths
three-fifths
seven-tenths
five-fourths
one-third
seven-sixths
four-sevenths eight-eighths two-sevenths
four-thirds
4
4
4
7
1
3
3
5
7
10
2
7
5
4
7
6
4
3
8
8
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What recipe do you think Kathleens mother plans to cook?
Do you also help your mother at home? How?
What household chores do you do to help your mother?

If we are going to arrange the ingredients from lightest to heaviest,
which should come first? second? third? fourth? Why?

a. Drawing Method

3/4 kilogram 1/2 kilogram 1/8 kilogram 1/4 kilogram
of chicken of sayote of ginger of onions
Let us use some drawings to represent the weight of each ingredient.

3/4 kilogram 1/2 kilogram 1/8 kilogram 1/4 kilogram
of chicken of sayote of ginger of onions
Ask: From the drawing, which one is the lightest? heaviest?
How will you arrange the fractions from lightest to heaviest? heaviest
to lightest?
Answer: lightest to heaviest 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4
heaviest to lightest 3/4, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8

Emphasize to the pupils that when using diagrams in comparing the
value of fractions, see to it that wholes are always of the same shape
and size.

Kathleen and her mother went to the market. She helped her in
buying the following ingredients:

3/4 kilogram of chicken 1/2 kilogram of sayote
1/8 kilogram of ginger 1/4 kilogram of onions
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Aside from using drawing, how else can we determine the value of
dissimilar fractions so that we can arrange them in increasing order. (By
changing them to similar fractions)

b. Least Common Denominator (LCD) Method
How do we change dissimilar to similar fractions?

Step 1: Find the LCD of the denominators. The LCD is the least
common multiple of the denominators.

2: 2, 4, 6, 8,
4: 4, 8, 12, 16,
8: 8, 16, 24, 32,
What is the LCD of 2, 4, & 8? (8)
Step 2: Change the fractions with 8 as their common denominators.
Divide the LCD by the denominator, then, multiply the quotient by the
numerator. The product becomes the new numerator.

Ask: So, what are the fractions equivalent to 3/4, 1/2, 1/8 and so that
their denominators are the same?
3 = 6 1 = 4 1 = 1 1 = 2
4 8 2 8 8 8 4 8

For similar fractions, the bigger the numerator, the greater the fraction.
So the fraction with the biggest numerator is 6/8. Followed by 4/8,
then, 2/8, and lastly 1/8.

8 4 = 2; 2 x 3 = 6
=
3
4
6
8
x

2
So,
=
3
4
6
8
8 2 = 4; 4 x 1 = 4
=
1
2
4
8
x

4
So,
=
1
2
4
8
8 8 = 1; 1 x 1 = 1
=
1
8
1
8
x

1
So,
=
1
8
1
8
8 4 = 2; 2 x 1 = 2
=
1
4
2
8
x

2
So,
=
1
4
2
8
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If we arrange the dissimilar fractions changed to similar fractions, the

arrangement in increasing order will be 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4.

Did we get the same answer using the drawing method?

There is another way to find the similar fractions of dissimilar if the LCD
is already found.

3 x 2 = 6 What will you multiply to 4 to get 8?
4 x 2 8 8 Multiply the number you used in the
denominator to the numerator.
What did you get?

What did you get?

1 x 1 = 1 I/8 is already in eighths, so it will be the
8 x 1 8 8 same.

What did you get?
Did we get the same answer?
Present to pupils the following set of fractions.
1/5, 1/2, 1/4, 1/3

1/5 1/2 1/4 1/3

Looking at the shaded parts, we can arrange the fractions in
descending order (from greatest to least).
Which will be the first one, second, third and last?

1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5
What have you noticed with the set of fractions?
What can you say about the numerators? denominators?
What happens to the fraction as the denominator increases?
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Can we arrange the fractions even without illustrations?

How will you do it?

How will you arrange the fractions in ascending order(least to
greatest)?

Which fraction will be the first? second? third? last?

What have you noticed as you arrange them in ascending order?
Which fraction became first? last?

To order fractions with the same numerators (unit fractions),
compare their denominators, the greater the denominator of the
fraction, the lesser the fraction.

How do we arrange/order fractions?
How are fractions arranged in ascending order? descending order?
How do you arrange fractions with the same numerator but different
denominators?
How will you know if fraction has the greatest or least value?
How about in dissimilar fractions? How will you know which is the
greatest or least?
How did you change dissimilar fractions to similar?
Why do we need to reduce fractions to lowest terms?
Is there another way that can help us easily arrange a set of dissimilar
fractions in increasing/decreasing order? How?

a. Group Activity
Group the class into 4. Instruct each group to choose a leader and
a secretary. Give each group a set of fractions to be arranged in
increasing order. Have them post their finished work on the board
and report to their classmates.

A.

B.

C.

D.

b. Pair Activity
Have the pupils answer Activity 1 in their LM by pair. See to it that
they work cooperatively.
5/6, 4/8, 3/4, 1/5
2/8, 3/10, 1/2, 3/5
1/5, 1/10, 1/2 , 1/7
3/11, 15/11, 9/11, 5/11
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Answer Key:
1) 1/6, 1/5, 1/3,1/2 2) 1/2, 2/3, 3/4, 4/5
3) 7/5, 7/4, 7/3, 7/2 4) , 5/8, 2/3, 3/4
5) 1/6, 1/4, 2/3, 7/8

Have the pupils individually answer Activity 2 in their LM.
Answer Key:

How do we arrange a set of fractions in increasing or decreasing
order?

a. Unit Fractions
To order/arrange fractions with the same numerators but different
denominators, compare their denominators. The greater the
denominator of the fraction, the lesser the fraction.

b. Dissimilar Fractions
To order/arrange fractions with the different numerators and
denominators, we change them first to similar fractions by finding
the LCD of the denominators. Then, rename the fractions to its
equivalent using the LCD.
When all fractions are already renamed with the same
denominators, the numerators can be now compared:
the greater the numerator, the greater the value of the fraction.
the lesser the numerator, the lesser the value of the fraction.

a. Group Activity
Have 5 groups of 4 members each. Let them choose their leader. Give
them set of fractions to be arranged. Let each member wear the
assigned fractions. Tell the groups to arrange themselves in decreasing
order. The first group who arranged themselves correctly wins. Pose a
challenge: What about arranging yourselves in decreasing order?

1) 1/2, 2/5, 1/8 2) 5/6, 3/4, 4/8
3) 5/3, 5/6, 5/12 4) 7/9, 2/3, 1/2
5) 7/2, 7/3, 7/4
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(Note: fractions should be written in a card with string/yarn so that they

can wear it like an ID.)

Examples of sets of fractions:

b. Pair/Individual Activity
Have the pupils answer Activity 3 in their LM either by pair or
individually.
Answers Vary, possible answers: 1) 5/6 2) 3) 4) 5/10 5)

C. Evaluation
Answer Key:
1) a) 1/6 b) 2) a) b) 3/9 3) a)1/6, 3/9, 2/5,
b) , 2/5, 3/9, 1/6

D. Home Activity
Answer Key:
1) 1/4kg, kg, 4/5 kg 2) 2/3 kg, 2/5 kg, 1/8 kg
3) tomato is the heaviest kg; garlic is the lightest 1/3 kg
4) onion is the lightest; tomato is the heaviest
5) kg

5
9
5
4
5
11
5
3
2
3
1
9
5
6
4
12
2
5
3
4
1
2
4
10
1
8
3
2
2
4
5
6
2
9
2
7
2
3
2
5
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Lesson 62 Equivalent Fractions

Week 5

Objective
Visualize and generate equivalent fractions.

Value Focus
Being helpful and responsible

1. Basic multiplication and division facts
2. Reading and writing fractions
3. Comparing dissimilar fractions

Materials
Fraction chart, fraction cards/strips, cut outs, activity sheets, multiplication
chart



1. Drill
Give the pupils a snappy drill on basic multiplication and division facts
Use flash cards like:

2. Review
Recall comparing fractions. Make flashcards like the ones below.
As the teacher flashes the cards, the pupils will compare the fractions.
They will write >, < or = on their show-me-board.

7
4
3
2

8
5
2
1

5
4
5
3

8
4
8
1

5
2
9
2

3
4
3
5

3
4
9
3

7
4
7
2

5
2
3
1

3
4
5
4

8
x 6
12
x 4
12
x 6
5
x 9
9
x 8
42 1224 84
75 954
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3. Motivation
Present a problem opener.

Ask:
Why are Carol and Tess busy? What are they doing?
What kind of pupils are they? Do you also do your projects? Why is it
better if you do a project together with a classmate?
How many parts were colored by Carol? What about Tess?
Who do you think is right? Carol or Tess?
Today, we are going to find it out.


Have the pupils represent the art project of Carol and Tess.
Group the class into 2 groups. One group will do the project of Carol
while the other will do the project of Tess.

Ask them to post their work on the board.

Carols project Tess project
Ask: How many parts were colored by Carol? What do you call the
shaded part? What about Tess colored part? What do you call the
shaded part?
Do the squares have the same size of shaded parts?
How will you be sure that the two shaded parts are equal?
Ask one pupil to fold the squares where only the shaded parts can be
seen. Let the pupil match the two shaded parts by putting one over
the other (Superimposing). Ask the pupil what he/she can say. They
must realize that one is exactly the same as the other.
Is 1/2 equal to 4/8?
How can we check if 2 fractions are equivalent fractions?
What kind of fractions are 1/2 and 4/8? Equivalent Fractions
Carol and Tess are working together on their art project. Carol colored 1/2
of the square, while Tess colored 4/8 of another square of the same size.
Tess told Carol that she colored more parts and has a bigger fraction.
Carol said that they just have equal parts. Who is right?
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Now, who got the correct answer?

Can you think of another fractions equivalent to 1/2 and 4/8?

Study this: (The two regions must be of equal size.)

A. B.

What part of the whole is shaded in Square A? 2/4
What about in Square B? 3/6
Are the two fractions equal?
Are they also equal to 1/2?
Are the products of the fractions equal?
Ask one pupil to show his/her solution on the board
2 3 2 x 6 = 12
4 6 4 x 3 = 12
If the product of 2 and 6 is the same with the product of 4 and 3
then the 2 fractions are equivalent.
Are the fractions 2/4, 3/6 and 3/6 equals to 1/2?

How can we generate fractions equivalent to a given fraction?

Study the fractions we have formed earlier.
1 = 2 , 3, 4
2 4 6 8
What have you noticed with the series of fractions?
How can we get 2/4 from 1/2?
What will you do to the numerator and denominator of 1/2 to get 2/4?
3/6?4/8?

Look at these examples.
6 = 3 , 2, 1
18 9 6 3
How can we get 3/9 as equivalent fraction to 6/18?
What will you do to the numerator and denominator of the fraction?

To generate fractions equivalent to a given fraction, we can
either multiply or divide both the numerator and denominator of the
given fraction by the same whole number.

Let us try to check the equivalent fractions we have formed.
1 1 x 2 = 2 , 1 x 3 = 3, 1 x 4 =4
2 2 x 2 4 2 x 3 6 2 x 4 8
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Give more examples for the pupils to study and analyze.
2 2 x 2 = 4 , 2 x 3 = 6, 2 x 4 =8 2 = 4, 6, 8
3 3 x 2 6 3 x 3 9 3 x 4 12 3 6 9 12

12 12 2 = 6 , 12 3 = 4, 12 4 = 3 12 = 6, 4, 3
24 24 2 12 24 3 8 24 4 6 24 12 8 6

Is there another way to find equivalent fractions of a given fraction?
Fraction Chart

Can you form equivalent fractions for 1/4?
Look at the fraction chart. Point 1/4
What fractions are as big as 1/4?
So 2/8 and 3/12 is equivalent to 1/4.
Can you see other equivalent fractions from the chart?

Multiple Chart

There is another way of getting the equivalent of a fraction.
Study the number chart.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30
4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60
1 whole
1/2
1/3 1/3
1/4 1/4 1/4
1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5 1/5
1/6 1/6 1/6 1/6 1/6 1/6
1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8 1/8
1/10 1/10 1/10 1/10 1/10 1/10 1/10 1/10 1/10 1/10
1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12 1/12
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7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70
8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80
9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Look at the shaded part in the number chart.
Based on the number chart consider the numbers above as the
numerators and the numbers below are the denominators.
See if all the fractions following 1/2 are its equivalent. Are they?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

What about 3/4? Can you see its equivalent fractions?

How do you know that 2 fractions are equivalent/equal?
What can you say about the parts or values of equivalent fractions?
How will you form equivalent fractions?

a. Group Activity
Where is my Family?
Choose 5 pupils to be leaders. Give to each leader the father or
mother fraction. Distribute to the class equivalent fractions. Let the
pupils wear the assigned fractions. Ask the father/mother fraction to
stand in front and hold the fraction given to them. Tell the pupils who
wear their equivalent fractions to go to their respective father/mother
fraction. The first family who complete his/her family correctly wins.

(Note: fractions should be written in a card with string so that they can
wear it like an ID.)

Examples of sets of fractions:

10
12
15
18
20
24
25
30
6
8
9
12
12
16
7
14
5
10
3
6
10
12
6
15
10
25
4
10
15
20
12
30
5
6
1
2
3
4
2
5
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b. Pair Activity

Have the pupils answer Activity 1 in their LM by pair. See to it they work
cooperatively.
Answer Key: 1) 2) 6/10 3) 3/6 4) 2/6 5) 2/2 6) 8/16


Have the pupils answer Activity 2 in their LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) 9 2) 18 3) 9 4) 10 5) 8 6) 1

How do you define equivalent fractions?
Equivalent fractions are fractions that name or describe the
same part of a region or set. They have the same value but
different numerators and denominators
How will you determine if two fractions are equivalent fractions?
Use the cross product method. If their cross products are the
same, then the 2 fractions are equivalent.
How can we generate equivalent fractions?
To get the equivalent of a given fraction, we can either multiply
or divide the numerator and the denominator by the same
number.

a. Group Activity
Divide the class into 5 groups. Let them choose their leader. Give to
the leader a card with fraction written on it. Tell them to form 3 or 4
fractions equivalent to the given fraction to the group leader. Let them
write their answer on 1/2 sheet of cartolina and post their work on the
board. The leader will report to the class about their work.

Have the pupils answer Activity 3 in their LM individually.
Answer Key:
Possible answers: 1) 10/12, 15/18, 20/24 2) , 2/4, 3/6
3) 4/22, 6/33, 8/44 4) 10/8, 15/12, 20/16 5) 6/8, , 9/12

10
15
14
21
4
6
6
9
2
3
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C. Evaluation
Refer to Activity 4 of LM.
Answer Key: 2) 3/5, 6/10 3) 15/20, 4) 1/5, 5/25

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 5 of LM.
Answer Key:
A.

B. 1) 4/8, 5/10, 6/12 2) 4/12, 5/15, 6/18 3) 4/16, 5/20, 6/30
4) 4/20, 5/25, 6/30 5) 4/40, 5/50, 6/60

Lesson 63 Point, Line, Line Segment and Ray

Week 5

Objective
Recognize and draw a point, line, line segment and ray.

Value Focus
Creativity

Basic shapes and plane figures

Materials
Blackboard/whiteboard/bond paper, marker or pentel pen, chart, flashcards
with the different figures (point, line, line segment, and ray)



1. Drill
Ask the pupils to get objects from the room. Let them identify the objects
and describe the shape of the object

4 , 8
5 10
1)
5 , 15
6 18
4)
6 , 8
27 36
5)
6 , 3
14 7
2)
1 , 3
3 9
3)
2 , 6
3 9
6)
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2. Review
Have pupils do the puzzle in Activity 1 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) rectangle 2) circles 3) triangle 4) square

3. Motivation
Let the pupils recite the given poem.
Points and lines
Points and lines
Thats how it starts
Thats how it starts
Making all the figures
Making all the figures
Using points and lines
Points and lines.

Ask: What does it tell?
Where do figures come from as described in the poem?
Say: Today, you are going to study about points and lines.


Present the illustration.
David and Vince are playing darts. Look at where their darts landed.

Ask: What did David and Vince name the space/place where their
darts landed?
How will you describe the figure where the darts landed?
How many points are marked?
If you play darts, what would you like to name your point?
How are points named?

D
V
Vincent
David
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Say: A dot represents a point. It can be named with letters.

Say: Look at the picture.

R S T

Ask: What have you noticed from point R to point T?
What can you see at both ends?
What do you call this figure?
Say: This figure with two arrow heads is called a line. It can extend
indefinitely in both directions.

Look at the example below.

Say: Take a part of line RT.
(Divide the line into two)

R S T

1 2
Ask: What do you call the figure below?
How will you describe this figure?

S T

Say: This figure is called a ray.
It has one end point and an arrow head which extends
indefinitely to one direction. Start naming the ray from the
endpoint.
Ask: How many rays are there in line RT?

Say: Look at the picture. Tell something about it.

A B C D

Say: Look at the part of the line from point B to point C.
Ask: What can you say about this part?
Can you call this part as ray? Why?

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B C This figure is called a line segment. It has two end points.
It can never extend indefinitely to any direction.
Say: Look around the classroom and find examples of each geometric
figure discussed.

Have pupils answer Activity 2 in the LM.
Answer Key:

1) GH, GI, GJ 2) RE, EY, MY, RM 3) NO, PQ


Ask: What do we call each figure below?
How do you describe these figures?

a. b. c. d.

4. Reinforcing the Concept.
Lead pupils answer the Activity 3 in LM in pairs.
Answer Key: 1) line 2) ray 3) line segment 4) point

Ask: What is a point? line? line segment? ray?

Have pupils answer the Activity 4 in LM in groups.

Answer Key: 1) Points M, N, O and P 2) MP

3) MN, MO, MP, NO, NP, OP 4) MP, NP, OP, PM, OM, NM

A dot represents a point. It can be named with letters.

A figure with two arrow heads is called a line. It can extend
indefinitely in both directions.

A line segment has two end points. It can never extend indefinitely
to any direction.

A ray has one end point and an arrow head which extends
indefinitely to one direction.
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C. Evaluation
Have pupils answer the Activity 5 in the LM individually.
Answer Key: 1) c 2) b 3) a 4) b 5) c

D. Home Activity
Let the pupils answer Activity 6 in the LM in their notebook.
Let them name the points, line, and rays with letters.
Answer Key: Name of points, lines, and rays vary depending upon the
letters the pupils will use.

Lesson 64 Congruent Line Segments

Week 6

Objective
Visualize, identify and draw congruent line segment

Value Focus
Accuracy in measurement

Concepts of points, lines, line segments and rays

Materials
with the different parts of various figures (point, line, line segment, and ray
endpoints)



1. Drill
Let pupils Identify the term represented by the jumbled letters.
Whats in a name?

1. ysra ____________________ (rays)
2. nedipston _____________________ (endpoints)
3. hdeaowarr _____________________ (arrow head)
4. eiln _____________________ (line)
5. inel mentseg _____________________ (line segment)
6. isoptn _____________________ (points)

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2. Review
Identify the terms using the given figure.
a. Points
b. Lines
c. Line Segment
d. Rays

3. Motivation
Ask: What can you say about the picture?
P Q

R S

U

T V

Where can you find line segments?
How many line segments are there?


Have pupils work in pairs.

Say: Let one partner draw a line segment. The other partner will
measure the line segment made by his/her partner. Then he/she draws
another line segment with the same length. Write the measurement on
the sides for the others to see.

Ask: What have you noticed?
How do you know that the line segments are equal?

Say: Illustrate the line segments that you produced.

A B
Pair # 1:
C D Are the line segments equal?
Pair # 2:

I
H
G
F
E
D
C
B
A
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E F
Line segment # 3:
G H Are they equal?
Line Segment # 4:

Ask: When can you determine that the line segments are equal?
If line segments are equal they are congruent. So, they are called
congruent line segments.

Have pupils answer the Activity 1 in LM.

Answer Key: 1) TU and VW 3) KL and NM 4) AB and CD

Ask: What is line segment?
How will you determine if the line segments are equal?
What do you call line segments with the same length?

Lead the pupils to answer the Activity 2 in LM in groups.

Say: Look at the two rectangles. Ask the pupils if the rectangles are the
same.
Ask: What are the line segments that are congruent in the first
rectangle? second rectangle?

Possible answers: XY TU; ZW SR; XZ TS; YW UR

Ask: When are line segments congruent?

6. Applying to the New and Other Situations
Lead pupils to answer the Activity 3 in LM in pairs.

Line segments are congruent if they have the same length. To identify if
line segments are congruent, you can use a ruler to measure their
lengths and compare. Or you can put one line segment on top of the
other to check if the line segments have the same length.

The symbol for congruency is .

We write: A B C D
We say: Line segment AB is congruent to line segment CD.
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Say: Which pairs of segments are congruent? Measure and compare.

Answer Key: KL YX; RS MN; HI CD; OP VW

C. Evaluation
Have pupils do the Activity 4 in LM individually.

Possible answers: AE BD; AB ED; AC CB; CE CB

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 5 in LM.
Let pupils list down objects that they see in their house or community
which show congruent line segments.

Lesson 65 Perpendicular, Parallel and Intersecting Lines

Week 6

Objective
Recognize and draw perpendicular lines, parallel lines and intersecting lines.

Value Focus
Industry

Concepts of points, lines, line segments and rays and basic shapes

Materials
with the different figures (point, line, line segment, and ray)

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1. Drill
Color all the squares blue Cross all the circles

Connect all the letter Bs diagonally. What lines are formed?
B C D E F Q R S B
W B C X Y M F B N
S M B R T L B O P
O T O B L B M N S
M R C S B M M P Q
M P R B Q B L O S
P R B L L M B T O
M B Q R S Y T B A
B X Y Z Z R D C B

2. Review
Let the pupils Identify the lines in the given figure below.

a.

b.

C A B
F E D
G
H
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3. Motivation
Present the illustration.
Look at the illustration below

Ask: What can you see in the picture?
How do you describe the fence?
What can you say about the
arrangement of the fence?

Say: Look at the fence.
It is composed of horizontal and vertical lines. Can you identify them?
This is how we can represent the fence. Show the figure below.

Line A
Horizontal lines
Line B

Line C Line D
Vertical lines

What is formed when the horizontal and vertical lines meet? (Square
corner)
What kind of line is represented, when horizontal and vertical lines
meet and form a square? (Perpendicular lines)

Say: Perpendicular lines form square corner

Say: Look at Line A and Line B. What do we call these lines? Compare
them. How do you describe the horizontal lines?

Line A
Horizontal lines
Line B

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Now, look at Line C and Line D. How do we call these lines? Compare
them. How do you describe the vertical lines?

Line C Line D

Vertical lines
Ask: How will you describe the gap/space between the horizontal
lines? vertical lines?
If we are going to extend the horizontal lines, do you think they will
meet at a certain point? Why? (No, because parallel lines are lines
that do not meet).
Lets have other examples:

A. B.

Ask: How will you describe gap/space between the two lines in set A?
in set B?

If we are going to extend the two lines in each set, do you think they
will meet at a certain point? Why?
Parallel lines are lines that do not meet.
Parallel lines composed of two lines are not necessarily
of the same length.
The symbol // indicates parallel lines.

Say: Now study the two lines below. What can you say about Lines A
and C?

Where did they meet?

Line C

O Line A

Lines A and C intersect at point O and form a corner.
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What have you noticed at the intersecting point of the two lines?
What does it form?
These lines are called perpendicular lines.
Perpendicular lines intersect and form four right angles

Ask: What if the lines are formed as illustrated below?

Line E

O Line F

What have you noticed?
Do the lines form perpendicular lines? Why?
Say: These lines are called intersecting lines. Why do you think are they
called intersecting lines?
Intersecting lines meet at a common point but they do not
necessarily form 90 degrees.

Pair Activity:
Have the pupils use their ruler (or card board) to draw:
a. The upper and lower lines of their pad paper. Identify and
describe the figure they had just drawn.
b. Vertical and horizontal lines that meet at the common point
that will form a square corner. Discuss these lines.
c. Two diagonal lines that meet at the common point. Describe
them.

Ask:
How did you form or construct parallel, perpendicular and intersecting
lines?
How do you identify and describe them?

Have pupils answer Activity 1 in LM. Discuss their answers and clarify
misconceptions.
Answer Key:
1) Parallel Lines CD // IJ // GH

2) Perpendicular Lines CD and EF, IJ and EF, GH and EF, AB and KL

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3) Intersecting Lines GH and KL, AH and GH, AB and CD, LK and CD,

HG and AB

Ask: What are parallel lines? perpendicular lines? intersecting lines?
Parallel lines are lines that do not meet. The symbol //
indicates parallel.
Perpendicular lines are lines that meet at a common point.
They intersect and form square corners.
Intersecting lines meet at a common point but they do not
form a corner or 90 degrees.

Individual Activity: Let pupils answer Activity 2 in LM. Let them identify
the lines in the given objects.

Group Activity: Each group will list down objects or part of an object
that represents parallel lines, intersecting lines and perpendicular lines.
Let them present and discuss their answers.

C. Evaluation
Lead the pupils to answer Activity 3 in LM.
Answer Key: 1) intersecting 2) parallel 3) perpendicular
4) intersecting 5) parallel 3) perpendicular

D. Home Activity
Refer to the Activity 4 in LM.

Lesson 66 Symmetry in the Environment and in Design

Week 7

Objective
Identify and visualize symmetry in the environment and in design.

Value Focus
Creativity

1. Concept of symmetry
2. Construction of basic shapes such as squares, rectangles, triangles,
circles
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Materials
Cut-out pictures from magazines like butterfly, trees, etc., chart, scissors, bond
paper, drawing materials, manila paper, masking tape



1. Drill
Mental Math
Show flashcards. Let pupils name or give the number. Let them explain
their answer.
12 hundreds 12 tens 4 ones (Answer: 1 324)
21 hundreds 20 tens 20 ones (2 320)
47 hundreds 8 tens (4 780)

2. Review
Show the drawing. Let pupils describe each.

3. Motivation
Teach the pupils the song about a butterfly (Tune: Sitsiritsit)

Fly, fly, the butterfly
In the morning, its flying high
In the meadow, its flying low
Fly, fly, fly, the butterfly.

Generate ideas about the song with the children.


1. Presentation
Present a picture or a butterfly (large enough for the class to see). Ask
pupils to describe the butterfly. Fold the butterfly into two. Ask pupils
what they see. Ask pupils if the butterfly is equally divided into two.
Introduce the word symmetry.

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Explain that symmetry is when a figure has two sides that are mirror
images of one another. Tell them that you can draw a line through a
picture of the object and along either side the image would look
exactly the same. Explain that this line would be called line of
symmetry. Present other pictures or objects. Have the pupils visualize
and identify if the given design of the picture or object is symmetrical
or not. Have the class give other examples of things that look
symmetrical that they find in nature, in school, at home, and outside.

a. Group Activity
Divide the class into 5 groups. Provide each group with 8-10
pictures or real objects that are either symmetrical or symmetrical.
e.g.

Let each group observe the pictures or objects. Let them discuss if the
objects or pictures are symmetrical or not symmetrical.

Let them complete the table.
Direction: Write Symmetrical or Not Symmetrical after each object and
explain your answer.
Name of
Object
Symmetrical or Not
Symmetrical
Explain
1. clothespin
2. scissors
3. clock
4. bug

Ask:
What are the objects or pictures that are symmetrical? Why?

Tell the pupils that they can check if a shape has a line of symmetry by
folding it. When the folded parts match perfectly with one another,
then the fold line is a line of symmetry

Say: Here I have folded a rectangle in this way , what have you
observed?
Does the folded part match perfectly with one another?
What does it mean?
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So, this one does not show a line of symmetry.

But if I fold it in another way, what have you noticed?

Does the folded part match perfectly with one another?
How do you call the folded line?
So this is a line of symmetry.

Show another figure or picture to the class. Cut a half figure of a tree
or a human figure on the folded part. Open the cut figure and show it
to the pupils.

Have them think of something and create stories about the figure. Let
them talk about the figure.

a. Pair Activity
Let each pair list down 5 objects found in their classroom that are
symmetrical.

b. Tell the pupils that they will be doing a fun activity called Name
Creatures.

Ask the pupils to do Activity 1& 2 in the LM.

The Mask:

Emphasize that everything they add to it should be added on both
sides so that it stays a symmetrical design. Tell them they will have
about 15 minutes to complete their creatures.

Pass the paper out and have the pupils do the activity while you walk
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around observing their work. Encourage them to be creative when

making their creature!

Once they are finished, have them share their creatures with their
classmates.

Collect the creatures for assessment.

Note: Others who cannot draw can think of letters that can be
symmetrical and draw it in on the bond paper (e.g. W, A, M, O) or it
can also be done using basic shapes.

What is symmetry? How do we know that a figure or object or shape is
symmetrical? What other examples in the environment can we find
that show symmetry?

Answer:
Symmetry is when a figure has two parts that are mirror images of
one another. A figure is symmetrical if you can draw a line through
a picture of the object and along either side the image would
look exactly the same.

A figure or shape or object is symmetrical if it can be folded and
one half is identical to the other half as the other half.


a. Divide the class into 4 groups. Have pupils look through the
magazines and cut out objects that they think are symmetrical.
Challenge them to find unusual ones. Have them tape the pictures
up on their Manila paper. When there are quite a few pictures on
the board, talk about any that may not be obviously symmetrical
and ask the student to explain why they chose them.

Have them fold the pictures into two and check whether it is truly
symmetrical. Separate those that are and those that are not in the
Manila paper.

b. Individual Activity- Ask the pupils to do Activity 3 in the LM.

Have the pupils draw a symmetrical Christmas tree. Have them
draw the line of symmetry on their sketch with a red pen.

7. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to answer Activity 4 in the LM.
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Answer Key: cat and duck

8. Home Activity
Ask the pupils to answer Activity 5 and 6 in the LM.

Lesson 67 Line of Symmetry in a Given Symmetrical Figure

Week 7

Objective
Identify and draw the line of symmetry in a given symmetrical figure

Value Focus
Equality


1. Concept of circles including half-circles and quarter circles
2. Constructing basic shapes such as squares, rectangles and triangles

Materials
Cut-out pictures from magazines, chart, scissors, magazines, pieces graphing
paper, bond paper, drawing materials, mirrors, activity folder, Manila paper,
masking tape



1. Review
Divide the class into pairs. Have another game. Ask pupils to take turns
to be the leader.
Let the leader ask for the different kinds of lines previously learned
using arm and body movement.

2. Motivation
Ask the pupils: What do you see in the mirror? Do you see yourself in
the mirror? Is it exactly your reflection?

Ask: How about the letters of the alphabet, what letters would look the
same if viewed in a mirror. (Answer: A, H, I, M, O, T, U, V, Y)

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Again, using a mirror what are the words in this sentence?


Draw a triangle, a square and a rectangle on a graphing paper.
Cut out the shapes.

Call pupils to fold the shapes so that the two sides lie exactly on top of
each other. Ask them what they observe on the right and left sides of
the folded line or on the top or bottom of the folded line.
Ask: What do you call this folded line? (line of symmetry)
What does the line of symmetry represent? (When a figure or object is
folded along a line of symmetry, the two sides lie exactly on top of
each other or one side is exactly the mirror of the other.)
Example:

Ask: If you will fold this cut-out this way, do we have a line of
symmetry? Let us try and see.

Call a pupil to fold the cut-out, then let him describe what happens.

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Say: This time, let us draw a line anywhere as long as it passes thru the
center and the two opposite angles.

Ask: Can figures have more than one line of symmetry? If yes, draw
more lines of symmetry in the figure.

Let pupils give symmetrical objects found in the room. Let them show
the line symmetry. If the given object has more than one line of
symmetry, ask if they could still see other lines of symmetry and show
them to the class.
(Possible answers: balls, chalkboards, writing paper, blocks, etc.)

Present other figures. e.g.

Ask: Can you draw a line of symmetry in this figure, e.g. sunglass? Why?
How many lines of symmetry can you draw in this figure?

Ask: How did you get the line of symmetry in each object/figure?
What does line of symmetry mean?

Bring out the idea that the fold line works like a mirror- the two parts
are reflections of each other.

a. Group Work. Divide the class into 4 groups.
Each group must have a paper, water color, and brushes.
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1. Fold the paper in half, then paint a design on the side facing
up.
2. Before the paint dries, bring up the other half of the paper and
fold it over the painted design and press down on it.
3. Open the paper, and describe the resulting design.
4. Draw the line of symmetry.
Let each group share their design to the class and show the line of
symmetry.
b. Individual Work: Let pupils do Activity 1 in the LM. Discuss their
answers afterwards.
Answer Key:

When does a figure have a line of symmetry? Where is the line of
symmetry in a design or figure?
A figure has a line of symmetry if you can fold the figure so both parts
match exactly. The line of symmetry passes thru the center of the
figure.

Individual Work: Ask the pupils to answer Activity 2 in the LM. Discuss
their answers afterwards.
Answer Key: 1) Yes 2) Yes 3) No 4) No

Pair Activity: Let pupils work by pairs. Ask them to draw 1 or 2 basic
figures or designs that have more than one line of symmetry. Let them
draw the lines of symmetry. Call pairs to share their designs to the class.

triangle
oval
spoon
star
rectangle
bowling pin
cone
eight
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C. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to answer the questions posed in the LM, Activity 3.

Answer Key: 1) and 4) No

D. Home Activity
Ask the pupils do Activity 4.
Answer Key: Numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9

Lesson 68 Completing a Symmetric Figure

Week 8

Objective
Complete a symmetric figure with respect to a given line of symmetry

Value Focus
Creativity

Prerequisite Skills
2. Constructing squares, rectangles, triangles, circles, half-circles,
and quarter circles

Materials
Cut-out pictures, chart, scissors, magazines, pieces of graphing paper, bond
paper, drawing materials, mirrors, activity folder, Manila paper, masking tape

w
2) 3)
5)
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1. Review
Write the letter of the objects that can be divided equally.

A B C D E

2. Motivation
Name pairs of hours of analog clock through which a line could be
drawn to divide the clock into two equal parts.
(Answer: 12 and 6, 1 and 7, 2 and 8, 3 and 9, 4 and 10, 5 and 11)


Say: Its Valentines Day and you like to show
your love to your parents by making a heart.
You were taught how to make a perfect
heart by folding the red paper before cutting
it.

Show a folded image of a heart.
Model to the pupils how an incomplete figure can be completed
using its symmetrical design.

Cut the folded image, then you will have a perfect heart.

Show another folded or cut image and complete the image by
drawing the other half.
Generate a discussion regarding the concept presented.
AsK: What can you say about the drawn part? Did it match with the
other half?

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Group Activity: Divide the class into 4 groups. Provide each group
picture cards such as shown below. Let them match the cards so that
they will make a symmetrical figure. e.g

Pair Activity: Provide each pair with a worksheet with half of the mask
with its line of symmetry drawn. Let them draw the remaining half of
the mask. Let them color their mask. e.g.

Let pupils share their drawn masks.

Ask: In the first activity, what did you do to complete the figures?
How about in the second activity?
How do you know that you are able to draw or make a symmetrical
figure?

Ask the pupils to answer the activities in the LM, Activity 1 & 2. Discuss
their answers afterwards,
Answer Key:
Activity 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
heart Possible answers: 2) fan 3) plane 4)six-sided shape

Possible
answer/drawn
half of the
face
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Activity 2
1) 2) 3) 4)

How do we complete a symmetrical figure?

To complete a symmetrical figure, draw the other half exactly the
same, a mirror- image of the other half with respect to its line of
symmetry.

Pair Activity: Let each pupil draw or cut from magazines or
newspapers one symmetrical figure. Let them cut it into two along its
line of symmetry. Exchange their drawing or cut picture with their
partners. The partners will complete the figure. Call some pairs to share
their drawing or figure to the class.

C. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to answer the activities in the LM, Activity 4.
Answer Key:

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
guitar letter T letter Y airplane cat

D. Home Activity
Ask the pupils to answer the activities in the LM, Activity 3.
Answer Key:
1) 2) 3) 4)

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Lesson 69 Tessellating a Plane Figure

Week 8

Objective
Tessellate the plane using triangles, squares and other shapes that can
tessellate

Value Focus
Cooperation

1. Describing shapes according to number of sides and corners
2. Tessellating a surface using triangles and squares
3. Counting the number of triangles and squares used to cover a certain
surface

Materials
Box, cut-outs of small square/rectangle/triangle shapes, pieces of bond
paper, cartolina, paste/glue, scissors, pencil, eraser, ruler, shape patterns, or
sketch pad, pictures of tiles in the house


1. Drill
Identify the following:
a. I am a figure without sides. What am I?
b. I am a figure with three sides. What am I?
c. I am a four-sided figure. What am I?

2. Review
Answer the following:
How many sides has a triangle?
How about a square? a rectangle?
How many corners has a triangle?
How about a square? a rectangle?
Compare the triangle, rectangle, and square according to the
number of sides and corners.
Square and rectangle
Square and triangle
Triangle and rectangle

3. Motivation
Give the pupils strips of art paper. Tell the pupils to form a figure out of
the given strips.
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Ask: What figure did you form?


Provide 1/8 cartolina and cut-outs of small squares of the same size
but with different colors. Call a pupil to paste or glue the cut-outs of
squares on the card board without gaps.
e.g.

Ask: How many squares did you use?
Let them look at the arrangement of the squares. How are they put
together? (They are put together side by side without gaps.)

Provide another cardboard or 1/8 cartolina and cut-outs of small
squares and triangles of the same size but with different colors. Call a
pupil to paste or glue the cut-out triangles and do the same with the
cut-out squares.
e.g.

Ask: How many triangles did you use? Let them look at the
arrangement of the triangles. How are they put together? (e.g. The
longest side and the shortest side of the triangles are joined together
without gaps.)

What did we do with the cardboard or cartolina? (We covered the
cartolina or cardboard with cut-out squares or triangles of the same
size) What did we form? (Possible answers: We are able to form a
design like a tiled floor. We formed a pattern of shapes.)
What do you call this kind of designs or pattern? Tessellations
Say: We tessellate the surface or plane using triangles and squares of
the same size.

Group Activity: Divide the class into 4 groups and let them work on the
following activities.
Give each group a short bond paper, one small cut-out square or
triangle, pencil and crayons.
Groups 1 and 2: Ask the pupils to draw and cover the whole bond
paper with squares using the cut-out squares. Make sure that there will
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be no gaps between squares. Let them color the design they have
made.
Groups 3 and 4: Ask the pupils to draw and cover the whole bond
paper with triangles using the cut-out triangles. Make sure that there
will be no gaps between triangles. Let them color the design they
have made.

Each group will talk about their design.

Ask:
Which shape can be placed side by side on the bond paper without
overlap or gap in between? What does it look like as a whole? (tiled
wall or floor)

How many small squares did you use?
How many small triangles fitted your bond paper?

What shape did you repeatedly use to make a pattern or design?
What do you call this repeated pattern? (This repeated pattern is
called tessellation.)
Which shapes can be used in tessellation? (We tessellate by using
shapes like triangles, rectangles, squares, etc. of the same sizes.)


Group Activity
Divide the class into 4 groups. Provide each group with pieces of
colored paper. Tell them to cut small shapes of a chosen shape. (e.g.
square, rectangle, triangle). (The teacher may have a pre-cut pattern
of a triangle, a square, a rectangle and other tessellating shapes.) Tell
them that the chosen shape must be of the same size to form identical
tiles.

Have the group paste the shapes of the same size that they have
chosen on the bond paper. Emphasize that there should be no gaps
or overlaps.

Let them talk about their designs. Display pupils work.

What have you observed about the pattern made? Does it have any
gap or overlap? Why or why not? What do we call this kind of pattern?

How do you tessellate a given surface?

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Tessellations are repeated patterns. Tessellations are a very specific

kind of pattern. They do not have gaps or overlaps.

We tessellate using shapes like triangles and squares of the same sizes.

Pair Activity: Provide a bond paper to each pair. Let them choose
one cut-out shape. Let them tessellate the bond paper using only the
shape they have chosen. Color their designs.

(Prepare cut-out shapes as shown below. Make sure that each pair will
have one of any of the shapes.)

Let them present their designs to the class.

C. Evaluation
Ask the pupils to answer Activities 1 and 2 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 1

1)

2)

Activity 2: 1) 14 2) 13 3) 12 4) 32 5) 14

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D. Home Activity
Ask the pupils to answer Activities 3 and 4 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) No 2) Yes 3) Yes 4) No

Lesson 70 Determining the Missing Term in a Pattern

Week 9

Objective
Determine the missing term/s in a given combination of continuous and
repeating pattern

Value Focus
Cooperation

Concepts on patterns and finding the missing terms

Materials
Illustrations of the different patterns, worksheets



1. Drill
Have pupils skip count by 2s, 3s, 5s, and 10s

2. Review
Lead pupils to answer the activity.
Write the missing number.
e. g.
1) 1 + 2 = ___
2) __ - 3 = 8
3) 4 x __ = 10
4) 24 6 = ___

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3. Motivation

Present the illustration on the board.

Ask: What did the children do with the stars?
What can you say about the arrangement of the stars?


Have pupils study the given patterns.

Say: Look at the given set of shapes. How are the shapes arranged?
What do they form? What shape should be put on the line? Why?

Say: Now look at the next set of figures or objects. How are they
arranged? What pattern was created? What shape should be put on
the line? Why?

Ask: What kind of pattern is given?

Say: These are examples of repeating patterns. Repeating patterns are
sequences of shapes or numbers that repeat constantly and regularly.
One can predict the next term or missing term by looking at the
regularity of the shapes or figures or numbers repeated.

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Say: Now, look at these numbers. How are the numbers arranged?
What is the next number in the pattern? Why?

3 5 7 9 ___

Ask: How about in this set of numbers? What number should be put on
the blanks? Why?

1Z, 2Y, 3X, ___, ____, 6U

Group the class by fours. Provide a worksheet for each group. Let
them identify and write the missing term/s in the given pattern.

a. Look at the pattern, then draw the next shape.

______
Explain your answer: ____________________________________________

b. What are the next three shapes in this pattern? Draw them.

_____ _____ _____

c. What figures should be put on the blanks? Draw them.

_____ _____


d. Write the missing numbers.
_____ 75 70 65 60 _____

Discuss the answers of the groups.
Ask: In letter a, what is the next shape? Why?
How about in letter b, what are the missing shapes?

In letter c, what figures should be on the blanks?

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In letter d, what are the missing numbers? Why? (80 and 55, the
numbers are arranged in decreasing order and the difference
between numbers is 5)

Have pupils answer Activity 1 and 2 individually in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 1
1) 2) 3) 4) 52 5)

Activity 2
1) 161 158 2) 3) H J 4) 5)
How can you identify the missing term/s in a given pattern of shapes,
figures or numbers?
Look how the figures or shapes are arranged and identify
which shape/s repeat over and over.
Identify the order of the repeated figures.

How can you find the missing number/s in a given pattern or
sequence?

Determine if the numbers are arranged in increasing or
decreasing order
Explore the relationship between the numbers by finding the
difference between numbers that are next to each other
Use the difference between numbers to find the missing
number

Let pupils answer Activity 3 in pairs. Each pair will make a repeating
pattern from the given shapes or figures or numbers. Then let them
remove one or two shapes or figures or numbers from their created
pattern. Exchange their patterns with another pair. Let them identify
the missing shapes or figures or numbers.
Possible Answers:
1)

2)

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3)

4) M M N N P M M N N P M M N N P

5) 7 8 8 9 7 8 8 9 7 8 8 9

C. Evaluation
Answer Key:
1) 16, 19 , 22 , 25 , 28, 31, 34
2) 24, 29 , 34 , 39 , 44 , 49, 54
3) 36, 33, 30, 27 , 24 , 21 , 18
4) 525, 500, 475, 450, 425, 400, 375

D. Home Activity
Answer Key: Friday-PhP17.00, Saturday-PhP20.00, and Sunday-PhP23.00;
one week- PhP98.00

Lesson 71 Finding the Missing Value in a Number Sentence

Week 10

Objective
Find the missing value in a number sentence involving multiplication or
division of whole numbers

Value Focus
Accuracy, Cooperation

Multiplication and division of whole numbers

Materials
Cut-outs, pictures, drawing, charts

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1. Drill
Let pupils skip -count by 2s, 3s, 5s, and 10s
Give the missing numbers in the pattern.
1. 2, 7,___, 17, 22, ___27.
2. 2, 4, __, 8, 10, ____.
3. 4, 8, ___, 16, ___, 24.
4. 3, 6, ____, 12, ____ 18.
5. 5 , ___, 15, ____, 25, 30.

2. Review
Let the pupils find the missing answer. Write the missing number on the
blank.
1. If 3 and 7 is 10, what is 10 3?__________
2. If you subtract 4 from 8 and then add 3 to the difference, what is the
answer? ____________
3. If you multiply 2 by 3 and then subtract 1, what would be the
answer? _______

3. Motivation
Starfish live in the ocean. Most starfish have 5 arms that make
them look like stars. Suppose 3 starfish are on the beach. You want to
know the number of arms the 3 starfish have.

How can we get the answer? (Possible answers: To find how many in all,
we can count, add, or multiply.)

a. How many arms do the starfish have altogether?
b. How would you find the number of arms of 17 starfish?

Suppose one of the arms of the starfish is cut, do you think it can still
move as fast as it did before?



Paul, Sam, and James each
borrowed a paintbrush, a jar of
paint, a sheet of paper, and a pencil
from the art room.
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Ask:
How many pupils are there?
How many items did they borrow?

Guide pupils to multiply to find the total number of items that were
borrowed.

3 x 4 = 12
pupils items borrowed by each boy items in all

So, the pupils borrowed 12 items.

How many items did each pupil borrow?
Divide to find how many items each pupil borrowed.

12 3 = 4
Total number of items pupils number of items borrowed by
each pupil
So, each student borrowed 4 items.

Ask: How are multiplication and division related?

Examples: Use the picture to solve.
a. b.

3 x 4 = n , 12 4 = n

2 x 5 = n , 10 5 = n

Since division is the opposite of multiplication, a multiplication fact can
help you find the quotient.


Let pupils work in pairs. Let them do Activity 1.
Ask the pupils to illustrate the number sentence and show their
solutions and answers.
1) The 24 pupils in Ms. Tan's class work in groups of 3. How many
groups of 3 are in Ms. Tan's class?

24 3 = 8
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2) Harry puts 3 tapes in each box. How many boxes does he need for
21 tapes?

3) A fire truck carries 8 fire fighters. How many fire fighters will there
be in 4 trucks?


How did you get your answer?
Did you use multiplication facts to get the correct answer?
Can you use a multiplication table to find a quotient in a division
problem? How?

Let pupils do Activity 2 in LM. Find the value of the missing number.
Emphasize the concept of equality. Let them work by pairs then
discuss their solutions and answers.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 6 2) 3 3) 5 4) 2
Possible answers for 5) 8 4 = 20 10 6) 8 2 = 32 8
B. 1) 28 2) 18 3) 9 4) 15 5) 4 6) 6

How can you find the missing value in a number sentence involving
multiplication and division?

Analyze the number sentence and find what term in the multiplication
sentence or division sentence is/are missing.
Remember that multiplication and division are opposite/inverse
operations.
Knowing multiplication facts can help you find the missing division facts
and vice versa.

21 3 = 7

8 x 4 = 32
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You can use division to check multiplication and multiplication to

check division.

Let pupils do Activity 3 in LM. Discuss and answer nos. 1 and 2 first then
they work individually. Discuss their answers and solutions afterwards.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 45 Possible answers for: 2) 4 x 3 3) 54 x 2 4) 200 2
5) 64 8
B. 1) 18 x 12 = 216 roses 2) 108 12 = 9 sets

C. Evaluation
Let pupils do Activity 4 in LM.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 14 2) 12 3) 35 4) 12 Possible Answers for : 5) 13 x 8 = 26 x 4
6) 72 8 = 18 2
B. 1) 25 x 12 = 300 cupcakes 2) 2 400 20 = 120 shelves

D. Home Activity
Let pupils do Activity 5 in LM.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 13 2) 18 Possible Answers for: 3) 36 6 = 12 2
4) 5 x 6 = 90 3
B. 1) 54 3 = 18 2) 34 4 = 8 r 2; 8 teams and 2 pupils did not join
3) 64 4 = 16; each of Gigis sisters get 16 seashells

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Lesson 72 Converting Time Measure involving Seconds,

Minutes, Hours and Day

Week 1

Objective
Convert time measure from seconds to minutes, minutes to hours, and hours
to a day and vice versa

Value Focus
Accuracy, Wise use of time

Four fundamental operations on whole numbers

Materials
Models of a standard clock, toy clock with movable hands, flashcards with
clocks and time in standard form, show-me-board


1. Drill
Ladder game
Divide the class into 4 rows. Each row will have 3 representatives.
As the teacher flashes the cards, the representative will read the time
shown in the model clock. The first to answer will take a step forward.
The first to reach the front will be the winner.
(Use the same procedure for the rest of the participants.)

2. Review
Show clock models. Ask pupils to tell the time shown. e.g.

3. Motivation
Ask: How do you prepare yourself before going to school in the
morning?
Why is it important to take good care of our body?

Look at the pictures. Pick one and tell your classmate how long it takes
you to do this every morning.
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Why is it important to be aware of time?
Why do we have to use time wisely?

Show a real and functioning clock with second hand.
Let pupils read the time.
Ask: What time does it tells us? e.g. 7 oclock
How many hands does a clock have?
Let them identify the names of the different hands of a clock.
Ask: Which is the hour hand? minute hand? second hand?
What does each hand tell us?
Let pupils observe how the second and the minute hands move. (As
much as possible, each group of 4 members should have a real
clock.)Ask: Which hand moves faster, second hand or minute hand?
Guide the pupils in counting the number of ticks the second hand
moves before the minute hand moves. Ask: How many seconds are
there in one minute? If three minutes have passed, how many seconds
is that?

Let pupils observe the minute and hour hands move. But since it will
take time to show 60 minutes which is equal to 1 hour, manipulate the
clock to show the pupils the number of ticks the minute hand moves
which is equivalent to 1 hour. Ask: How many minutes are there in 1
hour? in 2 hours?
Just show also, using the clock, that 24 hours is equal to 1 day. Ask:
How many hours are there in one day? in two days?
Pupils should be able to say these:

When a second hand moves in 1 complete
revolution, it is equal to 60 seconds.
60 seconds is equal to one minute
60 minutes is equal to one hour
24 hours is equal to one day

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Divide the class into 6 groups. Let each group answer the problems
given to them and show their solutions.

Group 1: Nena finished her homework in 360 seconds. How many
minutes did it take her to do her homework?
Group 2: Elena finished her homework in 9 minutes. How many
seconds did it take her to do her homework?
Group 3: Edgar travelled to their province in 4 hours. How many
minutes did he travel?
Group 4: Ronnie travelled to their province in 180 minutes. How many
hours did he travel?
Group 5: Juna stayed in her aunts house for 5 days. How many hours
did she stay?
Group 5: Benny stayed in his aunts house for 144 hours. How many
days did he stay?
Let each group present their solutions and answers.

3. Processing of the Activity
Ask each group the following:
How did you get your answer? What operation did you use? Why?
What time measure did you convert? Is it from smaller to bigger time
measure?

If you are converting from smaller to bigger time measure, what
operation will be used? How about from bigger to smaller time
measure, which operation will be used?
What number should we divide if we convert seconds to minutes?
What number should we multiply if we convert minutes to seconds?
What number should we divide if we convert minutes to hours?
What number should we multiply if we convert hours to minutes?
What number should we divide if we convert hours to day?
What number should we multiply if we convert days to hours?

Call one pupil at a time and answer Activity 1. Let pupils show their
solutions and answers. Let them explain how they got their answers.

Answer Key:
A. 1) 10 minutes 2) 300 seconds 3) 6 hours
4) 20 minutes 5) 300 minutes 6) 7 200 seconds
B. 1) 540 seconds 2) 4 minutes 3) 168 hours
4) 4 days 5) 48 hours 6) 2 days

Let pupils do Activity 2 in pairs. Let them discuss their solutions and
answers.
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Answer Key:
A. 1)14 minutes 2)16 hours 3)1 140 seconds 4) 300 minutes 5) 21 hours
B. 1) 1 080 seconds 2) 12 minutes 3) 3 days 4) 120 hours 5) 288 hours
C. 1) 15 minutes 2) 180 seconds

Ask:
How do you convert the following:
- seconds to minutes?
- minutes to seconds?
- minutes to hours?
- hours to minutes?
- days to hours?
- hours to days?

Let pupils do Activity 3 individually. Afterwards, discuss their solutions
and answers.
Answer Key:
1) a. Jimmy works at a later time. b. 4 hours c. 270 minutes
2) 8 hours

C. Evaluation
Answer Activity 4 individually.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 540 minutes 2) 72 hours 3) 13 minutes 4) 9 hours 5) 11 days
6) 168 hours 7) 14 days 8) 16 hours 9) 18 minutes 10) 12 days
B. 1) 480 seconds 2) 2 days 3) 2 100 seconds 4) 240 minutes

D. Home Activity
For their assignment, refer to Activity 5.
Answer Key:
1) 7 minutes 2) 11 hours 3) 20 minutes 4) 3 600 seconds 5)10 days
6) 660 seconds 7) 7 minutes 8) 408 hours 9) 9 days 10) 8 hours

To convert seconds to minutes, divide the number of seconds by 60.
To convert minutes to seconds, multiply the minutes by 60.
To convert minutes to hours, divide the number of minutes by 60.
To convert hours to minutes, multiply the number of hours by 60.
To get the number of days, divide the number of hours by 24.
To get the number of hours, multiply the number of days by 24.
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Lesson 73 Converting Time Measure involving Days,

Weeks, Months and Years

Week 1

Objective
Convert time measure from days to weeks, months and years and vice versa,
weeks to months and years and vice versa, months to years and vice versa.

Value Focus
Accuracy, Wise use of time

Days of the week, months of a year

Materials
Calendars, Show Me board, chart, flashcards



1. Drill
Let pupils complete the missing equivalent time measure.

1) 3 minutes = _____ seconds
2) 3 days = _____ hours
3) 2 hours = _____ minutes
4) 48 hours = _____ days
5) 360 seconds = _____ minutes

2. Review
Let pupils change the given time to its equivalent unit.

1) 8 days = _____ hours
2) 120 hours = _____ days
3) 1 260 minutes = _____ hours
4) 1 860 seconds = _____ minutes
5) 21 minutes = _____ seconds

3. Motivation
Have the pupils sing a song that they know about months in a year.

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Show a calendar from January to December. Let pupils name the
months of the year. Ask: How many months do we have in a year?

Let pupils investigate the number of days in each month. Let them
complete the table as shown below.

Month Number of Days
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December

Ask: How many days are there in January? February? and so on. How
many months have 30 days? 31 days? 28 or 29 days?
Say: 30 is the average number of days of the month.
February has only 28 days except for the leap year in which
February has 29 days. January, March, May, July, August, October
and December have 31 days. All the rest of the months except
February have 30 days.
Ask: About how many days are there in one month? (30 days =1
month)

What is the total number of days from January to December? How
many days are there in 1 year?

Say: Every fourth year is a leap year. A leap year has 366 days.

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Let them look at the days in a week.

Ask: How many days are there in a week? (7 days =1 week)Let them
name the days of a week.

Ask: If there are 7 days in one week, about how many weeks are there
in one month? (4 weeks)
Let pupils show how they get their answer using the calendar.
Ask: How many weeks are there in one year? (52 weeks) Let them
count the number of weeks using the calendar.

Group the pupils by 4s. Let them answer the following.
a. There are 14 days.
How many weeks are there?
How did you get 2 weeks?
(14 7 = 2 weeks)
b. There are 3 weeks.
How many days are there?
How did you get 21 days?
(3 weeks x 7=21 days)
c. There are 60 days.
How many months are there?
How did you get 2 months?
(60 30 =2 months)
d. There are 3 months.
How did you get 90 days?
(3 months x 30 =90 days)
e. There are 2 years.
How did we get 730 days?
(2 years x 365=730 days)
f. There are 730 days.
How many years are there?
How did we get 2 years?
(730 days 365=2 years)
Call some groups to share their solutions and answers.

Ask:
How did you come up with your answer?
Did you find it difficult/easy?
How many days are there:
- in a week?
- in a month?
- in a year?
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How many weeks are there:

- in a month?
- in a year
How many months are there in a year?
How do you convert smaller units to larger units? larger to smaller units?

What number should you use to multiply or divide if you are changing:
- days to weeks and vice versa?
- days to months and vice versa?
- days to years and vice versa?
- weeks to months and vice versa?
- weeks to years and vice versa?
- months to years and vice versa?

Let pupils do Activity 1 by groups. Discuss their solutions and answers.
Answer Key:
1) 42 days 2) 6 weeks 3) 20 months 4) 180 days 5) 1 095 days
6) 11 years 7) 30 days 8) 4 weeks 9) 104 days 10) 1 908 days


How do we convert days to weeks and vice versa?
To convert days to weeks, divide the number of days by 7.
To convert weeks to days, multiply the number of weeks by 7.

How do you convert days to months and vice versa?
To convert days to months, divide the number of days by 30.
To convert months to days, multiply the number of months by
30.

How do you convert days to years and vice versa?
To convert days to years, divide the number of days by 365.
To convert years to days, multiply the number of years by 365.

Let pupils answer Activity 2 by pairs. Call pupils to show their solutions
and answers.
Answer Key: 1) 6 weeks 2) 4 months 3) about 16 425 days
4) 221 hours 5) 1 week, 4 days and 4 hours

C. Evaluation
Do Activity 3 individually.
Answer Key:
1) 56 days 2) 90 days 3) 6 months 4) 34 weeks and 6 days 5)200 days
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D. Home Activity
Let pupils answer Activity 4.
Answer Key:
1) 4 weeks 2) 11 months 3) 56 days 4) 420 days 5) 7 weeks
6) 1 460 days 7) 1 year 8) 180 days 9) 2 037 days 10) 4 months

Lesson 74 Problems involving Conversion of Time Measure

Week 2

Objective
Solve problems involving conversion of time measure

Value Focus
Helpfulness, Industry

1. Converting hours to minutes and vice versa
2. Converting days to week, months and years
3. Converting week to months and years
4. Converting months to years

Materials
Calendar, charts, Show Me board, flashcards



1. Drill
Divide the pupils into four groups then give each group a model
clock/improvised clock. Flash a card with time and the pupils will use
the model clock to show the time.
a. 11:30
b. 2:45
c. 1:20
d. 9:35
e. 7:05

2. Review
Let the pupils answer the following questions mentally.
1. How many days are there in June and July?
2. How many days are there in August?
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3. The cold months are December and January. How many days
are the cold months?
4. Summer vacation is in April and May. How many days is the
summer vacation?

3. Motivation
Let pupils choose the most sensible answers.
a. Amor slept for 2 (seconds, hours, days).
b. Allan takes 15 (seconds, hours, minutes) to take a bath.
c. Miles can wink her eye in a (minute, hour, second).
d. Abigail can solve a math problem in 2 (minutes, seconds,
hours).


Present this problem.
Last Saturday, Nina helped her mother wash their clothes.
They started washing at 7:30 A.M. and finished at 10:30 A.M. How
many hours did they wash the clothes? How many minutes is that?

Understand
a. What are given? 7:30 A.M. and 10:30 A.M.
b. What is being asked?
c. How will we solve the problem?

Plan
Use a model clock or number line to show the elapsed time.

Solve
Guide the pupils to convert the numbers of hours to minutes.

Look back
a. Is the answer correct?
b. What is the correct label? (3 hours or 72 minutes)

- How did Nina help her mother?
- What can you say about Nina?
- Do you think her mother appreciated what Nina did?
- What do you do to help your mother in her household
chores?

Let them solve other problems.
1. Nestor went to the province for 3 weeks. How many days did
he stay in the province?
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2. Your favorite movie is 90 minutes long. How many hours long is

the movie?

Let pupils do Activity 1 by groups. Discuss the problems one at a time.
Let pupils show their solutions and answers per question.

Answer Key: 1) 2 hours 2) 6 minutes
3) 36 months; 156 weeks; 1 095 days 4) 1 day and 16 hours

3. Processing the Activity:
Ask:
What do you need to find in problem number 1? 2? 3? 4?
How can we solve problem 1? How did you convert 120
minutes to hours?
How can we solve problem 2? How did you convert 360
seconds to minutes?
How can we solve problem 3? How did you convert 3 years to
months, into weeks and into days?
How can we solve problem 4?
What is the answer for problem 1? 2? 3? 4?

Let pupils do Activity 2 by pairs. Discuss their answers and solutions.
Answer Key:
1) 600 seconds 2) 1 month and 1 week 3) 300 minutes
4) 4 years 48 months 192 weeks
+ 3 months 12 weeks
about 204 weeks

4 years 4 x 365 days = 1 460 days
+ 3 months 3 x 30 days = 90 days
about 1 550 days

5) About 1 hour ( 1 hour and 5 minutes); 65 minutes

Ask:
How do we solve problems involving converting time measure?

To solve problems involving conversion of time, identify the given time
measure and to which time measure it should be converted. Know the
different conversion formula and how they are used.
e.g.
To convert minutes to seconds, multiply the numbers of minutes by 60.
To convert hours to minutes, multiply the numbers of hours by 60.
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To convert months to year, divide the number of months by 12.

Answer Activity 3 in triads. Discuss their solutions and answers
afterwards.
Answer Key:
1) 9 x 12 months = 108 months; 9 x 52 weeks = 468 weeks
2) 2 days 3) 1 hours (1 hour & 15 minutes); 75 minutes
4) 5 400 seconds

C. Evaluation
Let them answer Activity 4 individually to assess pupils understanding
of the lesson.
Answer Key:
1) 12 weeks 2) Vince sleeps more by 120 minutes 3) about 11 weeks
4) Lena spent 10 minutes more for baking than Malou; 600 seconds

D. Home Activity
Refer to Activity 5 for their homework.

Answer Key: 1) 1 200 seconds 2) 35 days 3) 84 months; 364 weeks

Lesson 75 Converting Common Units of Linear Measure

Week 2

Objective
Convert common units of linear measure from larger unit to smaller unit and
vice versa: meter and centimeter

Value Focus
Accuracy in measurement

Multiplying and dividing whole numbers by 100, fractional part of a number,
measuring length of an object

Materials
Meter stick/tape measure/ruler with centimeter, realia/objects to be
measured, activity sheets, Show Me board

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1. Drill
Conduct the drill below and instruct the pupils to use show me
board in giving the answer.

a. Find the product.
100 100 100 100
x 5 x 3 x 6 x 2

b. Find the quotient.

4 400 7 700 100 1000

c. Find the fractional part.

2. Review
Have an activity on measuring the following using ruler or tape
measure or meter stick:
(Length of the notebook, pencil, blackboard, length or width of the
classroom)

Ask: How do you know the measure of an object?
What unit of measure is shown in the ruler? meter stick? tape
measure?

Is it necessary that one should be able to measure things
accurately? Why?
3. Motivation
If you are to measure the length of the teachers table, how long will
that be?

Whose measurement is correct?
Why?

1
2
of 10
3
4
of 100
1
3
of 90
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Present the situation to the class.

Mark and Rizza measured the length of the teachers table. Mark
found it to be 1 meter long, while Rizza claimed that it is 100 cm long.
Whose measurement is correct? Why?

Ask: Who measured the length of the teachers table?
How long is the table according to Mark?
How long is the table according to Rizza?
Whose measurement do you think is correct?

Record pupils responses.

Verify the answer of pupils using a meter stick or a tape measure.
Locate and mark the section where 1 meter is located. Help them
to see that 1 meter is equal to 100 centimeters as seen in the meter
stick or tape measure.

Lead the pupils to see that 1 meter when converted to centimeter
is 100 centimeters.

Divide the class in 4 groups. Provide the materials and let them do the
activity.

DIRECTIONS: In groups, measure the length of the given objects using
meter stick. (Teacher should provide the following materials: e.g. 3 m
of rope, 1m curtain rod/stick, 4 m plastic string)

Groups 1and 2: Measure the length of the objects in centimeters.
Fill in the table.

Groups 3 and 4: Measure the length of the objects in meters.
Fill in the table.

Objects Measure in Centimeters
Rope
Curtain rod
Plastic string

Objects Measure in Meters
Rope
Curtain rod
Plastic string

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Let the pupils record their measurements on the table as shown below.
Discuss and summarize the results.

Ask: What are the units of measure that you use in measuring the
objects?

Ask the following questions for rope, curtain rod/stick and plastic string.
How long is the rope in centimetres? in meters?
What can you say about the measurement of the rope in centimeters
and in meters? Is the length the same? Why?
Ask:
If 3 meters is already given as the length of the rope, how can we get
its length in centimeters?(multiply 3 by 100; 3 x 100 =300 cm)
How can we change 400 centimeters to meters? (divide 400 by 100;
400 100 = 4 meters)

Provide the following exercises. Let pupils work in pairs. After each
exercise discuss their solutions and answers.
1. How many centimeters are there in 2 meters? 10 meters?
Answer:
2 meter = 2 x 100 =200 centimeters
10 meters = 10 x 100 =1 000 centimeters
2. What is
3
4
of a meter?
Answer:
1 meter =100 centimeters

3
4
1uu cm =
300 cm
4
= 7S cm

3. Which is longer? 600 centimeters or 3 meters? Why?
Answer:
Convert both measurements with the same unit of measure
Method 1
Convert 600 centimeters to meters ;
6uu 1uu = 6 m
Method 2
Convert 3 meters to centimeters;
S 1uu = Suu ccntimctcrs
Thus 600 cm is greater than 3m.
Objects Measure in Centimeters Measure in Meters
Rope
Curtain rod/Stick
Plastic string
300
100
400
3
1
4
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Ask: How is meter converted to centimeter? centimeter to meter?

To convert meter to centimeter, multiply the number of meters
by 100.
To convert centimeter to meter, divide the number of
centimeters by 100.

a. Divide the class into 5 groups. Provide about 3 meters long of yarn
and meter stick or tape measure or ruler to each group. Ask 1 or 2
groups to cut and show the following measures; e.g. 1 m, 110
cm. Let them convert these measures to m or cm.

b. Let the pupils do Activities 1and 2 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) 500 centimeters 2) 3 meters 3) 50 centimeters
4) 25 centimeters
Activity 2
A. 1) = 2) < 3) < 4) =
B. 1) 500 centimeters 2) 300 centimeters
3) Yes because 2 meters = 200 centimeters and
5 pieces of 25 cm wire = 125 centimeters,
So there will be 75 centimeters left in the 2 m wire

C. Evaluation
Assess learning using Activity 3.

Answer Key: 1) Less than 2) 230 meters 3) 6 meters
4) Suzanne walks farther than Roxy by 10 meters or 1 000
centimeters
5) a. school (600) is farther than the market (500 m) b. 10 000 cm

D. Home Activity
For homework, let pupils do Activity 4.
Let them measure the length of the following objects found in their
home: height of the door, length of the living room, and width of the
dining table. Let them record their measures in centimeters and in
meters. (Answers vary)

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Lesson 76 Converting Common Units of Mass Measure

Week 2

Objective
Convert common units of measure from larger unit to smaller unit and vice
versa: kilogram to gram

Value Focus
Teamwork

1. Multiplying and dividing whole numbers by 1 000
2. Fractional part of a number
3. Weight measure

Materials
Weighing scale, real objects, pictures, illustrations



1. Drill
Let the pupils find the product/quotient of the following using show me
board;

a. Find the product.
1000 1000 1000 1000
x 12 x 8 x 13 x 26

b. Find the quotient.

1000 18 000 1000 29 000 1000 34 000

2. Review
Show the following pictures and let pupils give the reading shown on
the weighing scale.

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3. Motivation
Let the pupils sing Bahay Kubo.

Ask: What vegetables are mentioned in the song?
Do you eat vegetables?
Which vegetable mentioned in the song do you eat?
Why do we need to eat vegetables?


Show a kilo of eggplants and a kilo of guavas.

Ask: Which is heavier, a kilo of guavas or 1 000 grams of eggplant?
How do you know? What instrument will you use to determine the mass
of an object?

Show a weighing scale (if available use the weighing scale used in the
canteen, feeding or science laboratory).
Call the pupils attention to the lines shown in the weighing scale. Let
them identify the smaller lines that represent grams (it can be 10 g, 100
g depending upon the weighing scale used). Let the pupils skip count
the smaller lines that represent the gram until they reach 1 kilogram
(e.g. 10, 20, and so on or 50, 100, 150, and so on.)Ask: How many
grams are there in one kilogram?

Pupils should realize that 1000 grams is equal to 1 kilogram.

Call a pupil to weigh the eggplants and call another pupil to read its
mass by grams and then by kilograms. Do the same with the guavas.

Ask: Which is heavier, a kilo of guavas or 1 000 grams of eggplant?
Why?

Bring out some vegetables and fruits and let the pupils identify each.
e.g. 4 kg of squash, 2 kg of eggplants, 1 kg of chico, 3kg of bananas

Call a pupil to weigh each bag of vegetables and fruits in kilogram
and in grams. Let them fill the table as shown.
Fruits/Vegetables Weight in
Kilogram/s
Weight in Grams
Chico
Banana
Squash
Eggplant
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Pose the following questions.

What is the mass of chico in kg? What is its mass in grams? What
did you observe?

Kilogram gram
1 kg =1 1 uuu = 1 uuu g

What operation will you use to change gram to kilogram?

Gram kilogram
1,000 g = 1,uuu 1, uuu = 1 kg

Give the weight of (banana, squash and eggplant) in kilograms
and in grams.
What is the total mass of the fruits in kilograms? in grams?
What is the total mass of the vegetables in kilograms? in grams?

A. Let the pupils answer the problems by pairs. Discuss their solutions
and answers afterwards

1. A pupil weighs 40 kilograms. How much is it in grams?

Use multiplication in converting kg to g
4u 1 uuu = 4u uuu g

2. Teresa bought 5 dozen sachets of 50 grams of powder juice. What
is the total weight in grams? In kilograms?

S 12 = 6u pieces; 6u Su g = S uuu g
Use division in converting g to kg
S uuu 1 uuu = S kg

B. For additional activity, let the pupils do Activities 1 - 3 in the LM.
Discuss their solutions and answers afterwards

Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) 375 2) 460 3) 320 4) 500 5) 482
Activity 2: 1) 5 kg = 5 000 g 2) 3 kg = 3 000 g 3)4 kg = 4 000

Activity 3
A. 1) 44 000 g 2) 23 000 g 3) 85 000 g
B. 1) 24 kilograms 2) 54 kilograms 3) 8 kilograms

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Ask: How do you convert kilogram to gram? gram to kilogram?

To convert kilogram to gram multiply the number of kilogram by 1 000.
To convert gram to kilogram divide the number of gram by 1 000.

Answer Key:
A. 1) 19 kilograms 2) 32 kilograms 3) 28 000 grams
B. 1) 2 kg 2) about 3 kg 3) 21/2 kg 4) 7 500 g or 7 kg

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils answer Activity 5.
Answer Key:
1) 3 kg 2) 11 000 grams 3) 100 000 grams 4) 2 000 grams
5)2 500 grams or 2 kilograms
D. Home Activity
Let the pupils answer Activity 6.
Answer Key:
1) 750 grams 2) 8 packages; PhP176.00 3)1 500 g or 1 kg

Lesson 77 Converting Common Units of Capacity Measure

Week 2

Objective
Convert common units of measure from larger unit to smaller unit and vice
versa: liter (L) to milliliter (mL)

Value Focus
Cleanliness, Decisiveness, Thriftiness

1. Multiplication and division of whole numbers by 1 000
2. Fractional part of a number

Materials
Activity cards, empty plastic bottles of different capacities

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1. Drill
A. Use flash cards. Instruct the pupils to use mental math in finding the
product/quotient.

a. 10 x 1 000
b. 3 000 x 50
c. 12 x 2 000
d. 3 000 2
e. 1 000 50

B. Find the fractional part.

a.
2
3
of 600

b.
3
4
of 1 200

c.
1
8
of 1 000

2. Motivation
Show a picture of a flooded place with plastic bottles, cups, cans,
etc floating.

Say: Look at the picture and describe what you see.
Ask: Why do we need to keep our surroundings clean?
How can you maintain cleanliness in your house? in your classroom?
In what ways can we reduce the waste or trash in our surrounding?
What objects in the picture can we reuse or recycle?


Ask: When you buy bottled mineral water or juice, aside from the
brand, what other things do you want to see in its label?
(expiry date, ingredients, nutrition facts, serving size, etc.)

Is it necessary to know those facts? Why?

Say: Today we will reuse empty bottles with different sizes in our
lesson.

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Group the pupils and give each group the materials and activity
card.

Groups 1 and 2:

Materials: 2 empty bottles that can hold 500 mL of water and
1liter of water

Directions: Pour the 1 liter of water in the 2 empty bottles

Questions

a. How many liters of water is transferred in the 2 empty
bottles?
b. How many milliliters are there in 1 liter?

1liter = 2 x 500 mL = 1 000 mL

Groups 3 and 4:

Materials: 4 - 250 mL bottle of water and an empty bottle that
can hold 1liter of water

Direction: Pour the water from the four 250mL bottles to a 1-liter
bottle container.


a. How many milliliters of water did you pour in the 1 liter bottle
container?
b. How many liters are there in 1000 milliliters?

Therefore, 1 000 mL =1 uuu 1 uuu = 1 liter

Discuss:
a. Mother bought four 500 ml tetra packs of milk. How many liters is
it?

4 x 500 = 2 000 mL

Since 1,000 mL = 1 liter
2 000 1 000 liters
Therefore, 4- 500 mL of milk is equal to 2 liters
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b. Lira has to transfer 5 liters of cooking oil in bottles of 250 ml. How
many bottles will she need?

Since 1 liter = 1 000 mL
5 x 1 000 = 5 000 mL: 5 000 250 = 20
Therefore, 20 250 mL bottles are needed

Let the pupils do Activity 1 in the LM for reinforcement.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 3 000 mL 2)12 000 mL 3) 2 500 mL 4) 5 000 mL 5) 8 000 mL
B. 1) 3 L 2) 11 L 3) 1 L 4) 10 L 5) 13 L

Ask: How do you convert liter to milliliter? milliliter to liter?
To convert liter to milliliter multiply the number of liter by 1000.

To convert milliliter to liter divide the number of milliliters by
1000.

Let the pupils do Activity 2 in the LM by pairs. Discuss their solutions and
answers.
Answer Key: 1) 4 000 mL 2) Container B holds more by 200 mL
3) 105 L, 105 000 mL, PhP525.00 4) 2 L

C. Evaluation
Let the pupils answer Activity 3 in the LM.
Answer Key: 1) 1 liter for PhP150 because for every 500 mL, it costs PhP75
while the three 500-mL, one 500-mL costs PhP80.
2) Buy 6 bottles of 500-mL because it is equivalent to 3 liters
3) PhP480; PhP20 change

D. Home Activity
Answer Key: 1) 40 2) Better to buy four 3-L which cost PhP264.00 rather
than four 750-mL (equal to 3 L) which cost PhP280.00 or twelve 250-mL
(equal to 3 L) which cost PhP300.00

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Lesson 78 Routine and Non-Routine Problems involving

Conversions of Common Units of Measure

Week 3

Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving conversions of common
units of measure

Value Focus
Respect

Converting meter to kilometer and vice versa, converting gram to kilogram
and vice versa, converting milliliter to liter and vice versa

Materials
Measuring tape, weighing scale



1. Drill
Solve and supply the missing number.
1) 5 m = _________ cm 6) 1 kg = ________ g
2) 300 cm= _________ m 7) 18 000 mL = ________ L
3) 8 m = _________ cm 8) 24 500 mL = ________ L
4) 12 kg = _________ g 9) 6 L = ________ mL
5) 7 500 g = _________ kg 10) 75 L = ________ mL

2. Review
Choose the best estimate. Encircle the correct answer.
1. the length of a hairpin
a. 3 cm b. 3 mm c. 3 m
2. a bottle of ketchup
a. 500 L b. 500 mL c. 50 L
3. the regular bar of soap
a. 90 mg b. 90 g c. 90 kg
4. a full tank of diesel
a. 40 L b. 40 mL c. 40 kg
5. The length of a chalk
a. 10 mm b. 10 cm c. 1 m

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3. Motivation
Call on two pairs of children with opposite physical qualities. Let the
class compare these pairs of pupils in terms of height in meters or
centimeters and weight in grams and kilograms.
Stress the value of respecting other people.


Present this problem
A laboratory room is 18 meters long. How many centimeters is that?

Understand

What is given? 18 meters long
What is being asked? The number of centimeters
What operation will solve the problem? Multiplication

Plan
What mathematical sentence will solve the problem?
18 x 100 = N

Solve
Tell the students to be careful in multiplying by 100.
18 x 100 = 1800 + 50 = 1850

Look back
Is the answer correct?
What is the correct label/ unit?
State the complete answer. There are 1850 meters.

Let pupils answer the problems with their learning partners. Let them
use the following steps to solve the problems.
Understand
What is given? __________________________________
What is being asked? __________________________________
Plan
How will you solve the problem? ____________________________
Solve __________________________________
Look back
Is the answer correct?
What is the correct label/ unit?
State the complete answer. ____________________________

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a. A can contains 1.5 liters of water. The teacher asks you to put
the water in 250 mL bottles. How many bottles does the teacher
need?
Use the 4-step in solving word problem.

b. The class donates a box of noodles to typhoon victims. The
content of a box of noodles weigh 6 kilos. If each packet of
noodles weighs 60 g, how many packets are in the box?
Use the 4-step in solving word problem.

Ask: Did you follow the 4-step plan in problem solving?
Do you have other ways to solve the problems?

Discuss each problem using the steps.

Let pupils answer Activities 1 and 2 by groups. Present their outputs
afterwards and discuss their solutions and answers.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) 6 800 cm 2) 1 m or 1.5 m 3) 1 000 grams
4) 7 250 grams 5) 3 250 mL
Activity 2: 1) 175 cm 2) 15 m 3) 6 m 4) 1 200 cm
5) 57 000 g 6) kg 7) 5 000 g 8) 30 kg
9) 4 000 g 10) 2 500 mL 11) 75 L

Ask: How did we solve the problems involving conversion of common
unit of measure?
To solve a one step word problem involving conversion of
common unit of measure, follow the 4-step plan in problem
solving.
Ask: What are units of measure for length? Meter and centimeter
What are units of measure for mass/ weight? grams and kilograms
What are units of measure for capacity? liter and milliliter

Let pupils do Activity 3 by pairs. Afterwards, discuss their solutions and
answers.
Answer Key:
1) 800 m 2) PhP560 3) 4 kg, PhP520 4) 8 km 5)15 L a day, PhP840.00

C. Evaluation
Let pupils do Activity 4 individually.
Answer Key: 1) 750 g 2) 2 kg or 2 000 g 3) 3 L 4) 525 mL 5) 4 km

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D. Home Activity
Let pupils do Activity 5.
Answer Key:
1) 2 725 g 2) 1 825 g 3) 160 000 mL 4) 735 mL 5)7 500 cm

Lesson 79 Measuring Area using Appropriate Units

Week 3

Objective
Measure area using appropriate units

Value Focus
Accuracy, Diligence

Names and attributes of common shapes, measuring lengths, standard
measures of length (cm and m)

Materials
Cutouts of shapes, centimeter ruler, meter stick/tape measure, 1 cm by 1 cm
grid paper



1. Drill
Show the following shapes. Let the pupils name the shapes and tell the
number of its sides.

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2. Review
Show the following figures and let the pupils count and tell the number
of squares in the figure.

3. Motivation

If you are to buy a plastic cover for your notebooks, what is the
appropriate unit of area measure to be used? Why?



Ask: What do we need to find in the problem? (area of the notebook
and appropriate unit in measuring area)

Let the pupils bring out one notebook. Let them show the area of the
top of the notebook to be covered.
Ask: What measuring tool can we use to get the length of this
notebook? (ruler, tape measure)
What standard unit of measure can we use to get the length of this
notebook? (centimeter or cm)

Diana and Jean bought notebooks at the mall. They also
bought plastic cover for their notebooks. What is the area of the
top of the notebook to be covered? What is the appropriate unit
of area measure to be used? Why?
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a. Using square centimeter (sq. cm)

Divide the class into groups of 4s. Provide each group with a 1 cm by
1 cm grid paper approximately the size of their notebook. e.g.

Ask: What is the area of this paper? (300 square units) Let pupils count
the small squares.
Then let the pupils measure the length of one small square .
Ask: What is the length of the side of one small square? (1 cm)
What is the area of one small square? (1 square centimeter or 1 cm
2
)
If one small square is 1 sq. cm, what is area of the paper? (300 sq. cm)
Let pupils compare: 300 square units and 300 square centimeters
Ask: What is the difference between the two answers? (The first
answer used square units while the second used square centimeters)
Are the two answers correct? Why? (Yes, because we both find the
area of the paper. In the first answer we put square units after we
counted the number of small squares while in the second one we put
square centimeter because we used a standard unit of measure
which is centimeter.)
What standard unit of area measure did we use to find the area of
this paper? (square centimeter or sq. cm)
Let them put the grid paper on top of their notebooks.
Ask: What is the estimated area of your notebook? (about 300 square
centimeter or 300 sq. cm)
What standard unit of area measure can we use to get the area of
this notebook? (square centimeter or sq. cm)
Can we also use square centimeter or sq. cm to find the area of your
pad paper? Why? How about your book?
When can we use square centimeter or sq. cm in measuring an area
of an object, space or figure? (square centimeter or sq. cm is used if
the area to be measured is small)
1 cm
1 cm
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Let pupils give more examples of area of a space or figure that can
be measured by square centimeter or sq. cm.

b. Using square meter (sq. m)

Ask: Can we use square centimeter or sq. cm to measure the area of
our room? Why?(Expected answers: No, because the room is big. Yes,
but it will take a long time to get the area.)

Ask: What appropriate unit of measure can we use in finding the area
of this room?
What unit of measure can we use to find the length of this room?
What measuring tool/instrument can we use?

Let one pupil draw a square measuring 1 meter by 1 meter from one
corner of the room.
Ask: What is the area of this square? (1 square meter or 1 sq. m)
About how many square meters is this room? Let pupils estimate the
area of the room using the area of 1 square meter (sq. m).
Can we also use square meter or sq. m to get the area of the
playground? covered court?
When is it appropriate to use square meter or sq. m in getting the
area of a figure or a space? (square meter or sq. m is used if the area
to be measured is big)
Let pupils give more examples in which square meter or sq. m is the
appropriate unit of area measure.

How did you find the activity? Is it easy or difficult? If a different person
will measure the area of a book and floor of the room, do you think
he/she will get the same answer as yours?

What instrument or measuring tool did we use in the activities? (ruler,
meter stick, carpenters tape measure)
What did we measure? (area of the notebook, room)
What will help you decide the appropriate unit to use in measuring
area? (When the area to be measured is small, for example, book,
pad paper, etc., the appropriate unit is square centimeter. If the area
to be measured is bigger, like the garden, the floor of a room, etc.,
then the appropriate unit is the square meter.)

Let pupils do Activity 1 individually. Afterwards, call pupils to share their
answers and reasons.

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When do we use square centimeter (sq. cm)? square meter (sq. m)

When measuring smaller area, like a book, greeting card, etc., we use
the square centimeter (sq. cm).
When measuring bigger area, like the garden, floor of a room, etc.,
use the square meter (sq. m).

Let pupils do Activity 2 by pairs. Discuss between them why they
choose square meter or square centimeter. After 2- 3 minutes, call
some pairs to share their answers.
Answer Key: 1) square centimeter 2) square meter 3) square meter
4) square centimeter

C. Evaluation

D. Home Activity
Look around your house. Give 5 things or figures which can be
measured using square centimeters and another 5 things or places which
can be measured using square meters.

Lesson 80 Area of a Rectangle and a Square

Week 4

Objectives
1. Derive the formula for the area of a rectangle and a square
2. Find the area of a rectangle and square in square centimeter and
square meter

Value Focus
Decisiveness

1. Multiplying whole numbers
2. Measuring length using centimeter and meter
3. Finding the area of a region by counting square units
4. Unit of measure for area

Materials
Square grid, tape measure, crayons, and activity sheets

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1 cm
1 cm
A
B
C
D


1. Drill
Flash cards and let pupils answer mentally. e.g.
a. 1S Su f. Suu 1uu
b. 12u 2u g. S uuu 1uu
c. 2uu 1u h. 1 Suu 1uu
d.18u 1uu i. 8 Suu 1uu
e. Suu 2u j. 16 uuu 1uu
Answer Key: a. 750 b. 2 400 c. 2 000 d.18 000 e.10 000
f. 5 g. 30 h. 15 i. 83 j. 160

2. Review

Call pupils to convert the following measurements to the indicated unit
of measure:

a. 300 cm= _____m (3) d. 6 000cm = ______m (60)
b. 10m=_____cm (1000) e.
3
4
of 800 cm = ______ m (6)
c. 5
1
2
m = ______cm (550)

3. Motivation

What can you say about the illustration?
What does it show?


Let pupils identify the shapes given in Motivation and let them explain
why they say it is a square or a rectangle.

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Say:
One small square inside the square/rectangle is equal to 1 square unit.
The number of square units that covers the region/surface of the
rectangle/square is called its AREA.

Ask: What is the area of each figure?
How did you get the area of each figure? (Expected answer: Count
the number of small squares)
Let them identify the length and width of each figure. Say and show:
The column is referred to as length and the row is referred to as width.
Ask pupils to write the measures of the length and width of each
figure.
Ask:
What is the relationship of the length and width to the area? (the
product of the length and width is equal to the area)
How can we get the area of a rectangle?
Area of a rectangle = length x width
= l x w
Say: Look at the measures of the length and width of the square
figures, what can you say about them? (they are equal)
Say: For squares, length (column) and width (row) are referred to as
sides
Ask: How can we get the area of a square?
Area of a square = side x side
= s x s
Say: If the length of one small square is equal to 1 cm, what is the area
of each figure?

Using the figures in Motivation, guide the pupils to complete the table
below.

Figure Length
(in cm)
Width
(in cm)
Area Formula Area
(in sq. cm)
A 2 cm 7 cm Area of
rectangle =
l x w
Area = 2 cm x 7 cm
= 14 sq. cm
B
C
D
Answer Key:
B 4 cm 4 cm Area of square =
s x s
Area =4 cm x 4 cm
=16 sq. cm
C 3 cm 3 cm Area of square =
s x s
Area =3 cm x 3 cm
=9 sq.cm
D 4 cm 3 cm Area of
rectangle =l x w
Area =4 cm x 3 cm
=12 sq.cm
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Ask: What are the standard units of area measure that we have
already learned?

Let the pupils do the following activities in groups. Provide them with
the activity sheet, tape measure or ruler or meter stick and the
materials needed. Let them find the area of the given objects by
completing the table and answering the questions provided.

Note: You may use other materials available. Draw the square (2 m by
2m) inside the room using masking tape before the start of the lesson
or the day before.

Groups 1 and 2

Materials: Activity sheet, tape measure, piece of cloth or Manila
paper (1 m by 2 m), notebook (15 cm by 20 cm), ID card (8 cm by 12
cm)

Measure the length and the width of each object then fill in the table.

Questions:
a. What is the length of the cloth in meter?
b. What is the width of the cloth in meter?
c. Compute for the area in square meter.
d. What is the length of the notebook in centimeter?
e. What is the width of the notebook in centimeter?
f. Compute for the area in square centimeter.
g. What is the length of the handkerchief in centimeter?
h. What is the width of the handkerchief in centimeter?
i. Compute for the area in square centimeter.

Object Shape of
object
Length Width Formula Area
cloth
notebook
ID card
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Groups 3 and 4

Materials: Activity sheet, tape measure, plastic cover (75 cm by 75
cm), part of the room (2 m by 2 m), handkerchief (42 cm by 42 cm)

Questions:
a. What is the length of the plastic cover in centimeter?
b. What is the width of the plastic cover in centimeter?
c. Compute for the area in square centimeter.
d. What is the length of the handkerchief in centimeter?
e. What is the width of the handkerchief in centimeter?
f. Compute for the area in square centimeter.
g. What is the length of the part of the room in meter?
h. What is the width of the part of the room in meter?
i. Compute for the area in square meter.

Let each group present their outputs. Let them discuss how they get
the area of each object given.

Ask: How do we get the area of a rectangular figure? How about the
area of a square figure?

Let pupils answer the following problems. Pupils can work with their
partners. After the pairs solve one problem, discuss their solution and
answers. Do this to the next problem.
1. Find the area of a square with side 15 cm. Write the solution or
formula and then solve for the area.

Solution. A = s x s
A =
15 cm x 15 cm = 225 sq. cm

2. A rectangular garden has an area of 24 sq. m. If its length is 6 m,
what is its width?
Ask pupils to give the given facts. Then let them write the
solution or formula. Let them solve for the missing width.
Given: A = 24 sq. m length =6m width =?

Object Shape of
Object
Length Width Formula Area
plastic cover
handkerchief
part of the
room

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By substitution,
A = l x w
24 sq. m = 6 meters x width
Width = 24 sq. m 6 meters
Width = 4 meters

For more activities let pupils do Activity 1 in LM. Afterwards, discuss and
share their answers and solutions.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 14 sq. m 2) 36 sq. m 3) 1 600 sq. cm 4) 2 500 sq. cm
5) 24 sq. m
B. 1) 3 m 2) 10cm by 3 cm or 6 cm by 5 cm or 15 cm by 2 cm
3) 256 sq. cm 4) 7 m

How do we find the area of a rectangle?
In finding the area of a rectangle, use

Area = length width or
Area = l x w

How do we find the area of a square?
In finding the area of a square, use
Area = side side or
Area = s x s

For more exercises let the pupils do Activity 2 and 3 in the LM.
Afterwards, discuss and share their answers and solutions.
Answer Key: Activity 2: 1) 48 sq. cm 2) 12 cm 3) They are equal, their
areas are both 144 sq. m 4) 12 sq. m

C. Evaluation
Let pupils do Activity 4 in the LM individually.
Answer Key:
1) 84 sq. cm 2) 9 m 3) 16 sq. cm 4) 12 sq. m

D. Home Activity
Answer Key:
1) 9 sq. m 2) 6 sq. m 3) 16 sq. m 4) 24 sq. m 5) 4 sq. m 6) 25 sq. m

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Lesson 81 Routine and Non-Routine Problems involving

Areas of Squares and Rectangles

Week 5

Objectives
1. Solve routine and non-routine problems involving areas of squares and
rectangles
2. Create word problems involving area with reasonable answer

Value Focus
Being helpful, Cooperative

Area of squares and rectangles

Materials
Graphing papers, geoboard and rubber bands, Show Me board



1. Drill
Give the most appropriate unit of measure for the following (cm or m).
a. paper clip (cm) f. manila paper (m)
b. table (m) g. cartolina ( m)
c. book (cm) h. telephone wire (m)
d. flag pole (m) i. garden plot (m)
e. shoe box (cm) j. floor tile (cm)

2. Review
Find the area of the given figure. (Ask the pupils to write the formula for
the area of a rectangle and square as shown in the geoboard or
graphing papers.)
a. b. c. d. e.

a. A=l x w d. A=s x s
b. A= s x s e. A=l x w
c. A= l x w

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3. Motivation
Ask 2 3 pupils to measure the length and width of your classroom.
Ask: What is the area of our room?



A room measures 8 meters long and 7 meters wide. What is the area of
the room?

Who among you are like Nica and Carla? Why do we need to be
helpful and cooperative?

Guide the pupils to solve the problem.
Ask: What is the shape of the room? (Rectangle)
Call a pupil to draw the figure and put the correct dimensions.
Ask: How do we find the area? Area =length times width
Let them write the mathematical sentence and solve. A = l x w
A = 12 x 9
Ask: What is the unit of measure? Square meters (sq. m.)
State the complete answer. The area is 108 square meters
Is this the correct answer? Why?

Provide another problem.
Litos vegetable garden measures 5 meters on each side. What is the
area of the garden?
Ask: What is the shape of the vegetable garden? Square
Call a pupil to draw the figure and put the correct dimensions.
Ask: How do we find the area? Area =side times side
Let them write the mathematical sentence and solve. A = s x s
A = 5 x 5
Ask: What is the unit of measure? Square meters (sq. m.)
State the complete answer. The area is 25 square meters
Is this the correct answer? Why?

Let the pupils solve the following problems by pairs.

a. Mr. Reyes bought a square lot with measures 12 meters on one
side. What is its area?
Draw the figure to find the answer.
Solve the answer using the formula.
State the complete answer.

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b. The area of a rectangular hall is 180 sq. m. If the length is 15

meters long, what is its width?
Draw the figure to find the answer.
Solve the answer using the formula.
State the complete answer.

Call some pupils to show their solutions and answers on the board.

Ask:
What is asked in problem a? (area of the square lot)
How can we solve the problem?(Multiply the length of side to itself)

What is asked in problem b?(width of the rectangular hall)
How can we solve the problem?(divide the area with the length of the
width)

a. Form learning partners. They will play Math Survival.

1. Call two pairs of contestants.
2. They will be asked to listen to the problem.
3. Without using a ballpen and paper they have to give the
answer.
4. The first to give the correct answer remains.
5. The pair who remains will choose their next opponent.
6. Repeat the process until one pair is left.

Sample questions:

1. A handkerchief measures 30 cm on all sides. What is its
area? (900 sq. cm)
2. The movie theatre is 20 meters long and 15 meters wide.
What is its area? (300sq. m)
3. The swimming pool is 12 meters long and 8 meters wide. Find
its area. (96 sq. m)
4. A square garden has 10 meters on each side. What is the
area? (100sq.m)
5. A park is 35 meters long and 10 meters wide. Find its area.
(350 sq. m)
6. The parking lot is 20 meters on each side. What is its area?
(400sq. m)
7. Rico made a chopping board which is 20 cm long and 30
cm wide. What is its area? (600 sq cm)
8. The municipal plaza is 40 meters long and 25 meters wide.
Find its area. ( 1000 sq. m)
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9. A teachers table is 50 cm on all sides. What is its area?

(2500 sq. cm)
10. A square mirror is 30 cm on all sides. Find its area.
(900 sq. cm)

b. Group Activity
Let pupils do Activity 1. Call groups to present their work.
Answer Key: 1) 2 500 sq. cm 2) 2 304 sq. cm
3) a. (16 x 22) (11 x 8) = 264 sq. m; b. (26 x 76) 2 = 2 888 sq. cm
4) 12 m 5) 20 m

Ask:
What is area?
The number of square units needed to cover the region inside a
figure is called area.
How do we find the area of a square and a rectangle?
To find the area of a rectangle, use the formula Area =length x
width. This formula is often written as A =l x w.
To find the area of a square, use the formula area = side x side.
This formula is often written as A =s x s.
How did we solve the problems involving the area of a rectangle and
a square?
To solve a one step word problem involving the concept of
area, follow the 4-step plan in problem solving, draw the figure
and use the formula in finding the area of a rectangle and a
square.

a. Working in pairs
Let pupils iIllustrate and solve the following problems:

1. A table top that is two meters long and one meter wide.
2. A small door that is 30 cm long and 20 cm wide.
3. A window that is 50 cm long and 30 cm wide.
4. What is the area of a handkerchief which has 25 cm. on all
sides?
5. A square-shaped lawn is 5 meters on its side. What is the
area?

b. For additional activities, let pupils do Activities 2 and 3. After each
activity, discuss the problems and the solutions and answers of the
pupils.
Some questions to be asked to guide pupils in analyzing and
solving the problems:
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- How will you solve the problem? What operation will you use to
solve for the length/ width?
- How can you find the length/width of a rectangle if the given
fact is length/width?
- How can you find the side of a square if the given is the area of
a square?
Answer Key:
Activity 2: 1) 32 m 2) 6 m 3) 32 m 4) 50 sq. cm 5) 3 m
Activity 3: 1) 64 sq. cm 2) 32 sq. cm 3) 32 sq. cm 4) 16 sq. cm
5) Figures 1 and 2 or Figures 1 and 3 6) 144 sq. cm
7) No, because the total area of figures 2, 3, and 4 is 80 sq.
cm while the area of figure 1 is 64 sq. m.

C. Evaluation
Answer Key: Possible answers:
1) A square garden is 4 meters each on all sides. What is the area of
the garden?
2) A rectangular plot measures 8 meters long and 4 meters wide.
What is the area of the plot?
3) What is the area of a floor which is 6 m long and 4 m wide?
4) A square lawn has a side of 6 meters. What is the area of the lawn?
5) A rectangular lot is 12 m by 4 m. What is its area?

D. Home Activity
Let pupils do Activities 5 and 6 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 5: 1) 1 575 sq. m 2) 64 sq. m 3) 2 550 sq. m 4) 15 cm
Activity 6: 1) 720 sq. m 2) 800 sq. cm 3) 360 sq. m 4) 2 304 sq. cm; if the
side is doubled the area is 9 216 sq. cm which is 4 times the
original area 5) 96 sq. m

Lesson 82 Capacity of a Container using Milliliter/Liter

Week 5

Objectives
1. Find the capacity of a container using milliliter/liter
2. Convert liter to milliliter and vice versa

Value Focus
Water conservation

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Non-standard unit of capacity

Materials
Measuring cup or jug, medicine bottles and medicine dropper, shampoo
bottles, glass and cups, different liquid containers, water


1. Drill
Have a drill among pupils in listing the liquids they use at home.
Ask: How are these liquids packaged?

2. Review
Give the most appropriate unit of measure for the following (cm or m).
a. paper b. table c. book d. rope d. match
box

3. Motivation
Put two glasses on your table, one glass with water, the other one
empty. Pour a small amount of water from one glass to the other.
Ask: What is the exact amount of water poured in the empty glass?
What units of measure should be used to determine the amount of
liquid in the glass?

Say: Nowadays we experience water shortage. What can you do to
conserve water? Is there a need for us to campaign? How would you
do it?



Present real measuring devices that show L and mL: e.g. measuring
cup, jug, medicine dropper or beaker

mL
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Let pupils name the measuring devices. Let them identify what they
see on the measuring devices.
Ask: What does L stand for? How about mL? What do they measure?

Introduce the term capacity. Say: Capacity means how much liquid a
container can hold. Tell them that some of the units of measure for
capacity is liter (L) or milliliter (mL).

Ask a pupil to measure 1 mL of water.
Ask:
Which of these devices will you use? Why? Pour the amount in a small
glass.
About how many milliliters of water does this glass contain/hold? Let
pupils give their estimates.

How about this pail, how many milliliters of water does it contain/hold?
Let pupils give their estimates.

Ask another pupil to measure 1 L of water.
Ask:
Which of these devices will you use? Why?
Can you put 1 L of water in the small glass? Why?
How about in the pail? Why? About how many liters of water can it
contain/hold?

Divide the class into 6 groups. Let them do the activities given.

Activity Groups 1 and 2
Materials: measuring cup/jug that shows mL, water, glass, small
medicine bottle
Procedure:
1. Take turns to use the containers.
2. Fill the container up to its brim with water.
3. Pour the water from the container to the measuring cup/jug.
4. Read the scale carefully.
5. Record the amount of liquid the container holds in the table as
shown.
Container Amount of water/liquid it
holds in milliliter
Glass
Small medicine bottle

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Materials: measuring cup/jug that shows L, water, jug, pail
Procedure:
1. Take turns to use the containers.
2. Fill the measuring cup/jug up to 1 liter.
3. Pour the 1L water into the container.
4. Fill the container with as many as 1-L water until it is full.
5. Record the amount of liquid the container holds in the table as
shown.
Container Amount of water/liquid it
holds in liter
Water jug
Pail

Materials: plastic cups with labels 250 mL and 100 mL, respectively, 1 L
juice drink bottle (see illustration)

Procedures:
1. Fill a 250-mL plastic cup with water.
2. Fill the soft drink bottle with 250 ml water until it reaches 1 liter.
3. Record the number of times the 1 L bottle is filled with 250 mL
water.
How many 250 mL cups of water does the 1 L bottle contain?
How many milliliters of water did you put in the 1 liter bottle?
4. Pour water in a plastic cup up to 100 mL.
5. Fill the bottle with 100 mL water until it reaches 1 liter.
6. Record the number of times the 1 L bottle is filled with 100 mL
water.
How many 100 mL cups of water does the 1 L bottle contain?
How many milliliters of water did you put in the 1 liter bottle?
Let the groups present their answers.

Ask:
How much liquid/water does each of the containers that were given
to you hold?
JUICE
mL
mL
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Do groups 1 and 2 have the same answer? Why?

How about groups 3 and 4, do they have the same answer? Why?
What unit of measure did you use to find the capacity of the given
container?
Which containers can hold milliliters of liquid? liters of liquid? Why?
Do groups 5 and 6 have the same answer? Why?
How many milliliters are there in 1 liter?
How many liter is 1000 ml?
If you have 2 liters, how many ml is that? How did you get your
answer?

a. Show some empty liquid containers. (Make sure the labels are still
intact.) e.g.

1. medicine bottle (50 mL)
2. shampoo bottle
3. medicine bottle (10 mL)
4. soft drink bottle (1.5 L)
5. canned juice
6. perfume bottle
Ask pupils what is the appropriate unit of capacity measure to be
used, mL or L for each container. Write their answers on the Show
Me board.
Call some pupils to show and read the amount of liquid the
container holds based on its label.

b. Group Activity

How do you measure capacity with metric units?

Make a table like the one shown below. Select five empty
containers with various capacities. Estimate the capacity of each.
Then use the metric measuring cup and water to measure the
amount of liquid/water it holds to the nearest milliliter. If the
capacity is more than a liter, give the measure in liters and in
milliliters.
mL
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Object
Estimated
Capacity
Capacity to the
nearest
Milliliter/Liter
e.g. vinegar
bottle

1.5 L soft drink
bottle

cup or mug
large pitcher

Ask: Which of the containers you measured had the least
capacity? largest capacity? Why?

c. Let pupils work in pairs. Let them answer Activity 1 and 2. Share their
ideas why they choose such estimate.
Answer Key
Activity 1: 1) 50 mL 2) 200 mL 3) 200 mL 4) 5 L 5) 1 L
6) 5 mL 7) 500 mL 8) 50 mL 9) 4 L 10) 50 mL
Activity 2: 1) bowl 2) bottle 3) drum 4) bowl 5) bottle

How do we find the capacity using standard unit of measure?
When do we use milliliter? Liter?
Milliliter (mL) is a metric unit used to measure the capacity of small
containers.
Liter (L) is used to measure the capacities of the large containers.
How do we convert milliter to liter?
To change to liter, divide the amount in milliliter by 1 000.
How do we convert liter to milliliter?
To change to milliliter, multiply the amount in liter by 1 000.

Present the problem.
A recipe calls for L of vinegar, 1/4 L of soy sauce and L of water.
How many milliliters will each liquid contain? How many liters of liquid
are there in the recipe? milliliters of liquid?

Discussion on the problem
Let the pupils list down the given.
L of vinegar, 1/ 4 L of soy sauce and L of water
What are we asked to find in the problem?
Guide the pupils to draw a number line to show , , and 1 whole.

Ask: Where are we going to put L, L, L and 1 L? Why?
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Let pupils put L, L, L and 1 L in the number line.

Ask: How many milliliters are there in 1 liter?
Where are we going to put 1 000 ml in the number line?
So, how many milliliters are there in L, L and L?
L = _____ mL
L = _____ mL
L = _____ mL
How many liters of liquid are there in the recipe? milliliters of liquid?

For additional activities, let pupils do Activities 3 and 4. Discuss the
activities afterwards.
Answer Key:
Activity 3: 1) 525 mL 2) 1 050 mL 3) 1 350 mL 4) 850 mL 5) 750 mL
6) 1250 mL 7) 1050 mL 8) 1650mL 9) 1 000 L 10) 1200 mL
Activity 4: 1) mL 2) mL 3) mL 4) L 5) L
6) L 7) mL 8) mL 9) mL 10) mL

C. Evaluation
Answer Key:
A. 1) mL 2) L 3) mL 4)mL 5) mL 6) L 7) mL 8) mL 9) L 10) mL
B. 1) 2 2) 5 000 3) 43 4) 3500 5) 8 L

3. Home Activity
Let pupils do Activity 6.
Answer Key:
A. 1) 4 L 2) 250 mL 3) 10 L 4) 200 mL 5) 200 mL
B. (possible answers)
1) Name containers that holds about 1 liter.
1 liter bottle of softdrinks; 1 liter can of juice; 1 liter buko juice
2) Name containers that hold more than 1 L.
can of oil; pitcher of water; large container of milk
3) Name containers that hold more than 1 mL.
teaspoon of syrup; drop of medicine; paste in a bottle

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Lesson 83 Routine and Non-routine Problems involving

Capacity Measure

Week 6

Objective
Solve routine and non-routine problems involving capacity measure

Value Focus
Practice drinking right amount of water

Concept of capacity measure, converting liter to milliliters and vice versa

Materials
Cutouts, pictures, drawing, charts



1. Drill
Choose the appropriate measurement. Write your answer on the
board.

1. A drinking glass holds about _________________ of milk.
a. 250 milliliters b. 250 liters
2. A teaspoon holds about ___________________ of liquid.
a. 5 mL b. 5 L
3. A sprinkler can hold about ___________________ water.
a. 5 mL b. 5 L
4. A small mineral water bottle can hold _________liquid.
a. 250 mL b. 250 L
5. A drum can hold about ________________of crude oil.
a. 400 mL b. 40 L

2. Review
Use <, > or = to compare the two liquid containers. Write your answer
inside the box.
1. 8000 mL gasoline 10 L diesel
2. 3000 mL mango juice 2 L buko juice
3. 4000 mL fish sauce 4 L soy sauce
4. 1000 mL iced tea 1.5 L softdrinks
5. 750 mL oil 1 L water

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3. Motivation
Lets read the short story.

Jake together with Chris love to jog around the lake every morning.
One morning, Jake and Chris woke up early, they went to the lake and
jogged. They made six rounds of jogging then went home. When they
arrived Jake and Chris drank 10 glasses of water for they were really
thirsty, then took a bath, ate their breakfast and went to their school.
Ask:
1. Who jogged one morning?
2. What did they do when they arrived home, after jogging?
3. How many glasses of water did they drink?
4. Why do we need to drink such amount of water?
5. What will happen to us if we dont drink the right amount of
water?



Present the story problems.

1. Jake drinks 3 liters of water a day. How many milliliters does
he drink in a day?
Lets illustrate.

We will need 6 empty bottles (500 mL each).

= 3 000 mL

1 liter 1 liter 1 liter = 3 liters

What is the answer? (3 000 mL)

2. Chris bought 2 liters of mineral water. The mineral water
comes in 250-ml bottle. How many bottles did Chris get for
the 2 liters?

What is asked?
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Lets act out the problem. We need 2 actors, one a
storekeeper and the other a buyer. The storekeeper gave
the bottle in fours.

1 000 mL = 1 liter 1 000 mL =
1 liter
8 bottles

Let pupils work in triads. Provide one problem for each group. (Note: 2
or more groups may work on 1 problem.)

Read the problem carefully and draw pictures to solve them.

1. A water container can hold 4000 ml of liquid. How many liters
can the water contain?
2. Carlo fetched 4 liters of water, Aldrin 5000 ml and Lester 6 L.
Who fetched the greatest amount of water? the least?
3. Ms. Megan needs 250 milliliters of liquid wax to shine the floor
each week. How many liters of liquid wax does she need in 2
months?
4. Melay, a fish vendor, uses 2000 ml water in cleaning 1 1/2 kilos of
fish. How many liters of water does Melay use?
5. Kristine put 20 liters of water in a pail. How many milliliters of
water did she put in the pail?

Call some groups to share their answers on each problem.
Ask:
How did your group solve the problem given you, e.g. problem
number 1? Did the other groups who solved the same problem have
the same answer? Why or why not? Which is the best solution? Why?

a. Divide the class into four groups. Let them read and solve
the problems in Activity 1. Have them write their answers on
a Manila paper provided for them.
Answer Key:
1) 4 L 2) 2 000 mL 3) 10 000 mL 4) 6 L 5) 6 000 mL

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b. Let pupils do Activity 2 by learning partners. Let them study

the table given and answer the questions that follow.
Answer Key
1) a.5 L b. 2 000 mL c. 7 000 mL
2) 1 L 3) 5 750 mL 4) 14L 5) 3L 6) bucket, large plastic
bottle and glass (8 L) > water jug and pitcher (7 L)

How do we solve problems involving capacity measure?
Use the 4-step procedure.
We sometimes draw and make a pattern.
We add, subtract, multiply or divide depending on the problems.
Let pupils do Activities 3 and 4. Discuss their answers afterwards.
Answer Key:
Activity 3
1) 14 600 mL 2) 14 500 mL 3) 12 700 mL 4) 10 500 mL
5) 27 700 mL; 52 300 mL
Activity 4: Possible answers
1. Mother used 1 liter of water , 500 ml of iced tea and 250 mL
honey syrup in preparing juice for the family.
2. Lorna has a laundry shop. She used 750 mL of soap detergent,
1 L of bleach and 500 ml fabric conditioner.

C. Evaluation
To assess pupils understanding of the lesson, let them answer Activity 5
individually.
Answer Key:
1) 27L 2) 6 L 3) 5 000mL 4) 7L 5) 3L

D. Home Activity
For assignment, let them do Activity 6.
Answer Key:
1) 20 000 mL 2) 3 L 3) 875 mL 4) 650 000 mL 5) 8.5 L

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Lesson 84 Collecting Data on One Variable

Week 7

Objectives
1. Collect data on one variable using existing records
2. Collect and organize data in a table

Value Focus
Fairness, Honesty, Sportsmanship

Prerequisite Concept and Skills
Factors of a given number

Materials
Card, chart



1. Drill
Around the World Game using division and multiplication facts

Create a set of question and answer cards that include a variety
of multiplication and division tasks. See sample cards below.
Distribute cards to the pupils. The pupils with the start card begins
and he/she reads aloud, I have the start card, and the first question.
Each pupil then looks at his/her card to see if he/she has the matching
answer. Then, the pupil with the matching answer reads the answer
and then poses his/her question.
All learners then look for the match and the game continues until
they get to the learners with the end card.

Note:
You may call 16 or 10 pupils only to shorten the drill.
1. You will need all cards to play the game.
2. Pupils can work together if you do not have enough cards for every
student. If there are too many cards, then some students can have
2 cards each.

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2. Review
Give the factors of the following:
a. 12
b. 18
c. 24
d. 36
e. 42

3. Motivation
Let pupils do a Pinoy Henyo game.
1. Ask pairs of volunteers from the class to guess the magic words,
one word at a time.
2. The words/pictures to be guessed are common sports known by
elementary pupils.

3. Prepare the 3 pictures/words to be guessed in a minute.
4. The pair with the fastest time to give the correct answer wins the
game.

Which among the sports given would you like to play? Why?
Why is it important to engage in sports?
e.g. basketball, baseball, volleyball, swimming, soccer, badminton,
tennis
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What does it give to our body?

What do you feel when you lose a game?
As a player, how can you show fairness and being a good sport in
playing any sport?


Present a word problem.
Mrs. Soriano administered a summative test in mathematics in her
Grade 3 class. The scores are shown below

Scores in Achievement Test in Mathematics

Look at the scores in the box
Can you easily tell how many pupils got a score of 15? 16? Why?
What do numbers inside the box represent? (score/
number/ information)
Do you have an idea how to organize the given information?
Guide the pupils in organizing the given information in a table.
Ask: What is the information about? (Scores in the Achievement test in
Mathematics)
What is the highest score? the next score? the lowest score? Let pupils
write and arrange the scores from highest to lowest as shown in the
table below.

Let them look at the scores, tally the number of pupils who get the
following scores e.g. 20, 19, etc. in the table by marking (I) in the tally
column. Do this till the last score has been tallied.
Count the number of pupils who got 20;19;18; and so on and write the
total in the total column.

Scores in Achievement Test in Mathematics

15 17 20 16 19
18 17 15 17 20
17 18 18 18 20
18 20 19 19 19
Score Tally Total
20 IIII
19 IIII
18 IIII
17 IIII
16 I
15 II
Total
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Now, looking at the table can you easily see the number of pupils who
got 20?

We can get the data from the tally chart and present it in a table.

Ask: Which score has the most number of pupils who got it?
How many pupils took the test?

Provide another example:
Complete the table then use the information to answer the questions:

Favorite Sports of Grade III Pupils
Sports Tally Total
Basketball 15
Baseball 5
Soccer 8
Badminton 10
Table Tennis 3
Swimming 9
Total 40

1. How many pupils like to play basketball? ________
2. How many more pupils like to play badminton than soccer?
3. Which sports is liked most by the pupil?
4. How many pupils like swimming?
5. Which sport is the least liked by the pupil?

A. Divide the class into 4 groups.
Provide activity sheet and Manila paper for each group.
Task: Present in the table the favourite places in the Philippines or
province of all the members of the group.
Procedures:
1. The leader asks the members of the group about their favorite
places in the Philippines/province.
2. The secretary will record their answers.
Score Number of pupils who got the score
20 4
19 4
18 5
17 4
16 1
15 2
Total 20
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3. Organize the information in a table.

4. Present and explain the output of the group.

What type of data/records did you have in the activity?
What kind of information did you organize?
How did you organize the information?
Why do we need to organize the information in a table?

Divide the class into 6 groups. Provide an activity for each group.
Groups 1, 2 and 3 will do the same activity as well as Groups 4, 5
and 6. They will conduct a survey and make a tally table.

Groups 1, 2 and 3
Task: Conduct a survey among group members on what they
would like to buy for snacks from the list given. Record their
answers in the table. Then answer the questions that follow.

Menu Tally Total
Banana cue
Turon
French fries
Sandwich
Hotcake

1. How many pupils bought banana cue? turon?
2. Which snack has the most orders?
3. Which snacks has the least orders?

Groups 4, 5 and 6
Task: Conduct a survey among group members about their
favourite books to read from the list given. Record their answers in
the table. Then answer the questions that follow.

Kinds of Books Tally Total
History
Science Books
Sports
Fantasy
1. How many pupils enjoy reading history and geography?
2. Do the pupils prefer sports or fantasy book?
3. Which type of book is the most popular?
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Post the outputs of each group and discuss their tables and answers.
Then groups 1, 2, and 3 and groups 4, 5 and 6 will form 2 big groups.
The two groups will organize a table containing all their surveys as
their final output.

Ask:
How do we organize the information given?
We organize the information or data using table.
Why is there a need to organize the information in a table?
So that it will be easier to see, analyze and interpret.

Group the class into 4. Let them do Activity 1 and 2. Let them create 3
5 questions based on the table. Afterwards, call each group to share
1 or 2 questions they created. Let other groups answer their questions.
Answer Key: Activity 2
Animals Tally Total
Cow I 1
Carabao II 2
Pig III 3
Goat IIII 4
Horse II 2
Chicken IIII - II 7
Duck III 3
Total 22

C. Evaluation
Answer Key:
Color Tally Total
Blue IIII - IIII 9
Red IIII - III 8
Pink IIII - I 6
Yellow IIII 4
White III 3
Total 30

B. Questions (Possible answers)
1. What is the favorite color of Grade 3 - Ilang-Ilang?
2. What is the least liked color?

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D. Home Activity
Let pupils conduct an interview among their family members about
their favorite food. Ask them to organize their data using a table.
Create two problems based on their table.

Lesson 85 Organizing and Presenting Data in Tables and
Bar Graphs

Week 7

Objectives
1. Organize data in tabular form and present this into a vertical and
horizontal and vertical graph.
2. Construct a bar graph

Value Focus
Fairness and sportsmanship

Prerequisite Skills
Organizing data using tabular form, addition, subtraction and skip counting

Materials
Chart, flash cards



1. Drill
Flash cards, one at a time. Let the pupils give the answer orally.

1. What is 134 increased by 35?
2. What is 98 more than 122?
3. Deduct 93 from 380.
4. One number is 10 more than the other. The sum is 45. What are
the numbers?
5. What is 435 decreased by 85?

2. Review
Look at the given table and answer the questions.

A monkey in the forest loves to eat bananas.
How many bananas did the monkey eat each week?
DRAFT
April 10, 2014
393

.

How many bananas were eaten by the monkey in 5 weeks?
Which week did the monkey eat the least numbers of bananas?
Which week did the monkey eat the most numbers of bananas?

3. Motivation
Ask the pupil to get a piece of paper from the box. The pupil will act
out a specific movement of the sports written in that piece of paper.

Then another pupil will be called to identify the sports being
demonstrated.
(Soccer, basketball, volleyball, gymnastics, table tennis)

Ask: If you will be asked to participate in the school sports festival,
which among the list of sports would you like to play? Why?

As a member of any team, what should you do to win?
Can you give the characteristics of a good player?



Story Telling

Mrs. Gonzales conducted an interview among her grade 3 pupils
about their favorite sports. She asked her pupils to write their favorite
sports.

Ask: Do you have any idea about the sports listed by her pupils?
Let us find out.

Week Bananas eaten by the
monkey
1 6
2 11
3 15
4 7
5 5
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Present the table of data.

Ask:
Which sport is most preferred by the pupils to play?
Which sport is least preferred by the pupils?
How many pupils were interviewed?
How is the data presented?
(The data was organized in a table making it easier to read and
interpret.)

Say: There is another way of presenting the data given. We can
present the data using a bar graph.
Ask: Do you know how to make a bar graph? Elicit pupils answer.
Guide the pupils to present the data /information in a bar graph by
following the steps.
1. Make the horizontal and vertical lines/axis. Show how to draw each
line.
2. Write the appropriate labels in the horizontal and vertical axis.
Show where to write the labels and how to write them.
3. Make the appropriate scale in the vertical axis. Write the different
categories in the horizontal axis. Show how to make the intervals,
when to use by 1s, by 2s, by 5s and by 10s.
4. Draw the bar for each category based on the given data. Show
where to start and where it should end.
5. Write a good title for the bar graph. Ask: What is a good title for the
bar graph? Let them write the title in its proper place.

The pupils should be able to construct a bar graph similar to the one
below.

Sports Number of Pupils
Basketball 15
Badminton 10
Volleyball 6
Baseball 5
Table tennis 4
Total 40
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Favorite Sports of Grade 3 Pupils

Let them study the bar graph they have constructed.
Ask:
- What is the graph about? (favorite sports of Grade 3 pupils)
- How many categories are in this graph?
- What are the categories? How are they labelled?
- What are written on the left side of the graph? (numerical values or
descriptions of things being compared)
- What is the range of values on the vertical scale? (0-20)
- What intervals are used?
- What can you say about the number scale used? Is it exact or just
an estimate?
Explain your answer
- What do you call this kind of bar graph? (vertical bar graph)
- In vertical graph, what facts are listed in vertical axis? horizontal
axis?
- What kind of information does the bar graph provide us?
(The bar graph provides a visual display for comparing quantities)

- What does this graph show? (The bar graph shows that 15 pupils
like basketball, 10 badminton, 6 volley ball, 5 baseball and 4 table
tennis)

0
5
10
15
20
basketball badminton volleyball baseball tabletennis
Name of Sports
Number
of Pupils
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Say: There is another way in presenting the data. It can also be

presented using horizontal bar graph. Look at the graph.

Ask:
- Along what side or axis is the number scale?(below / horizontal)
- What is labeled at left side? (name of sports)
- Each space represents what? (Each space /interval represents 5
pupils)
- How many pupils choose basketball?
- How many pupils choose in each listed sport?
Can you see now the differences between horizontal and vertical bar
graph? What are their differences?

Did you observe changes in the given information?

Show another example:

The school principal conducted a survey of pupils activity after school
hours. The table below shows the result.
Pupils Activity after School Hours

Activities Number of Pupils
Play sports 25
Play computer/ cell phone
games
33
Do house chores 39
Watch TV 42
Read books 23

Can you present the information using a bar graph?
Guide the pupils in using the steps below.

0 5 10 15 20
basketball
badminton
Volleyball
baseball
tabletennis
FavoriteSportsofGrade3Pupils
Name of
Sports
Number of Pupils
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Steps in making a bar graph:

1. Draw horizontal and vertical axis
2. Identify the greatest number.
What is the greatest number from the given data?
Then ask the pupil to draw a scale from 0 to 45?
Ask them to think of the space/interval in between. Relate interval
using skip counting.
Guide them that the space /interval should be 10 so that it would be
easy for them to plot the graph
3. Estimate the length of the bar to be drawn for the number of
pupils.
4. Label the axis and write a title of the graph.

What kind of bar graph do we have now?
What are the things to remember in constructing a bar graph?

Discuss and brainstorm the favorite fruits of pupils.

a. List the fruits on the board as pupils suggest them. For example:
banana
santol
guava
mango
guyabano

b. After listing many favorite fruits, choose five of the most popular.
c. Tell students to vote on these to determine the class favorites. If
there are 30 or more pupils in the class, they should vote only
0 10 20 30 40 50
Playsports
Playcomputer/Cellphonegames
Dohousechores
WatchTV
Readbooks
NumberofPupils
Activities
PupilsActivityafterSchoolHours
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once otherwise they could vote twice. Make a tally for each
fruit and total them.

Fruits Tally Total Number
of Pupils
banana
santol
guava
mango
guyabano

d. Group the class into 5. Let 2 groups construct a vertical bar
graph and 3 groups to make a horizontal bar graph. Let them
be guided by the following questions:

What information should be included on the graph?
What is a possible title for the graph?
Where should the types of fruits be placed on the graph?
Where should the number of pupils be placed?
What intervals could be used for the graph? Why?

Let pupils answer some questions based on the constructed
graph.
Possible Questions:
How many categories are in the graph?
Which fruit had the most votes?
Which fruit had the least votes?
How many pupils voted for bananas?
How many pupils voted for grapes?
Which two fruits had the same number of votes?
Let them also create 1 2 questions.

Call the groups to present their output.

What are the things that should be included in constructing a bar
graph?
What kinds of bar graph did we construct?
What is the difference between the two graphs?
Why is it important to label the graph properly?
What information does a bar graph provide us?

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A. Pair Activity
Ask the pupils to work with partners. Let them do Activity 1 in the LM.
Let them construct a horizontal and vertical bar graph and create
three questions using the given data.
Questions:
1. What is the least number of books borrowed?
2. How many cartoon books were read that day?
3. What is the total number of books borrowed on Tuesday?
Have the partners compare their graph to that of another pair. Let
them exchange their questions and let them answer the questions
created by the other pair.

Circulate to observe and help pupils form questions as necessary.
Afterwards, call a pair to share their output and ask the class a
question about their work. The pair/pupil who answered correctly,
reads one of his/her groups questions and calls on another pair.
Continue this questioning and answering procedure for 4-5 times.

B. Group Activity

Group the class into 4 groups. Distribute Activity Card for each group.

Groups 1 and 2
Conduct a survey among your group members about their favorite
colors.

Groups 3 and 4
Conduct a survey among your group members about their favorite
subject.

Each group should organize the data into table and bar graph.
Create also 3 questions about the graph.

Groups 1and 3 will make a vertical bar graph and groups 2 and 4 will
make a horizontal bar graph.

The group leader /representative will present their work. Answer also
some of the questions they made.

Ask:
How can we organize the available data/information?
We can organize data using tables and bar graphs.
What are the different bar graphs that we organized?
Horizontal and vertical bar graphs
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400
What is the difference between the two graphs?

What are the things that should be observed in making a bar graph?
Draw the horizontal and vertical axis.
Write the appropriate labels in the horizontal and vertical axis.
Make the appropriate scale/interval in the vertical axis.
Write the different categories.
Draw the bar for each category based on the given data.
Write a good title for the bar graph.

Do Activity 2 in the LM. Let them construct a horizontal or vertical bar
graph using the data. Remind them of the steps in constructing a bar
graph.
(Answers vary)

C. Evaluation
Do Activity 3 in the LM individually.

Answer Key:

Group Total Number of Bottles
Collected
1 47
2 38
3 42

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
1 2 3
Numberof
bottles
collected
Group
NumberofBottlesCollected
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D. Home Activity
Do Activity 4 in the LM.

Answer Key:
Name of Toys Tally Total Number of Toys Sold
Top IIII IIII - II 12
Ball IIII IIII - III 13
Car IIII IIII 9
Yoyo IIII 5
Marble IIII IIII 9
Total 48

Lesson 86 Interpreting Data in a Bar Graph

Weeks 8 & 9

Objectives
1. Interpret data presented in different kinds of bar graph
2. Solve routine and non- routine problems using data presented in a
single bar graph
3. Draw inferences based on data presented in a single bar graph

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Top
Ball
Car
Yoyo
Marble
NumberofToysSold
NameofToys
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402
Prerequisite Skills
Organizing data in tabular form, addition and subtraction, skip counting,
interval and number line

Materials
Charts, flash cards



1. Drill
The teacher will flash cards, one at a time. Pupils give the answer
mentally.
1. Find twice the sum of 10 and 5?
2. What is 240 more than 22?
3. Deduct 150 from 380.
4. What is the product of 12 and 50?
5. What is 335 decreased by 135?

2. Review
Present a number line on the board.
Call a pupil one at a time to answer the activity below

Give the values of each point.
Do the following:

Locate point 3 and mark it M.
Locate point 11 and mark it H

Point A = _____ Point T = _____

How did you get the answer?
What is the interval between numbers?

3. Motivation
Ask: How do you go to school? How long does it take you to reach the
school if you walk? If you take a tricycle, bus or jeepney?
Write the pupils responses on the board.
Write down the common means of transportation on the board.

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A. Present a bar graph. Let pupils study the bar graph.

Ask some questions about the graph:
1) What does this bar graph show? ______________________
2) What information is in the horizontal axis? vertical axis?
3) Which way /means of coming to school is used the most?
_______________
4) Which way/ means of coming to school is the least used?
______________
5) How many pupils ride a bus to school? _________________
6) How many pupils walk to school? ____________________
7) How many bus riders and jeep riders are there? ______________?
8) How many more pupils come to school by walking than by
tricycle? _____
9) How many fewer pupils come to school by bus than by jeep?
_______
10) How many pupils are in this class? ___________________
11) Why do most of you come to school by walking instead of by
tricycle?
(Possible answer: to save money)
12) What did you do with the money that you save?
13) How would changes in the weather possibly change the data in
the graph?
14) What other factors might change your means of coming to school?
Would it affect the data on the graph?

0 5 10 15 20
Walk
Tricycle
Jeepney
Bus
Number of pupils
Ways of
coming to
school
Ways of Coming to School
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B. Present another bar graph. Say: Lets have another example. Look
at the bar graph.

Ask some questions about the graph:
1) What does this bar graph show? ______________________
2) Which type of weather occurred most often? ________________
3) Which type of weather occurred the least? ________________
4) How many partly cloudy days were there in August?
_____________
5) How many sunny days were there? ____________________
6) How many days were there with no rains?
7) How many more rainy days than sunny days were there?
8) How many days were partly cloudy than the cloudy days ?
9) How many days are in August ? ___
10) Does this graph show the same number of days? ___
11) How do you know? ______________________
12) Why do you think the month of August has more rainy days than
sunny days?
13) Would the information be useful to the farmers? Why?

Ask: What do you do to interpret the data and information in the
graph?
Does the graph provide us meaningful information?

0
5
10
15
Rainy Sunny Cloudy PartlyCloudy
Numberof
Days
KindsofWeather
AugustWeather
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405

A. Show the graph below to the pupils. Ask questions to help pupils
analyze and interpret the graph.

Number of Kaing Harvested

1) How many kaing of lanzones were harvested in 2011?
2) How many more kaing of lanzones were harvested in 2010 than
2011?
3) In which year was the greatest harvest?
4) What was the difference between the harvest in 2009- 2013?
5) In 2016, do you think the harvest of Mang Jose will be increasing
or decreasing? Why?
6) If it is increasing, by how many will be the increase? If decreasing,
it will decrease by how many?
7) What do you think are the factors that might affect the increase or
decrease of the harvest? Explain your answer.

B. Group Activity

Group the class into 4 groups. Provide each group with activity
sheet.
Direction: Study the graph. Create 5 questions from the given
graph.

0 500 1000 1500 2000
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
Year
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April 10, 2014
406
Groups 1 and 2

Groups 3 and 4

What did you do to interpret the data in the graph?
How did you construct your questions?
What strategies did you do to construct questions? Is it easy to
construct questions about the graph? Why?

Do Activities 1 - 3 in the LM.
Answer Key:
Activity 1: 1) Rabbits 2) Dogs 3) 15 4) 9 5) 5 6) dog 7) 45
8) the interval is 2 9) A dog is a good guard and is
considered mans best friend 10) Depends on the answers
of the pupils

0
5
10
15
Rose Sampaguita Daisy Rosal Lily
0 5 10 15 20
Red
Blue
Violet
Green
Favorite Flower of Mothers
Flowers
Number
of
Mothers
3
rd
Graders Favorite Colors
Number of 3
rd
Graders
Colors
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April 10, 2014
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Activity 2: 1) Favorite subject of Grade 3 Pupils 2) Araling Panlipunan

3) 10 4) MAPEH 5) 7 6) 2
7) equally popular; the same number of pupils : 10
8) 5 9)54 10) Depends on the answers
Activity 3: 1) 55 2) corn 3) chocolate 4) 40 5) nuts
6) 15 7) Yes 8) 20 9) 95 10) nuts and ube

15) Summarizing the Concept
How do we read and interpret a bar graph?

Identify the title of the bar graph. Read and analyze the information
given in the horizontal and vertical axis.

16) Applying to New and Other Situations
Let the pupils answer Activity 4 and 5 in LM. Discuss pupils answers
afterwards.
Answer Key:
Activity 4 (possible answers)
1) Ana spends 1 hour watching TV.
2) Ana spends 6 hours in school.
3) Ana spends 1 hour playing.
4) Ana spends 1 hour and 30 minutes in doing her homework.
5) Ana has more time doing her homework than watching TV.
Activity 5: 1) No 2) Yes 3) No 4) Yes 5) No 6) No 7) No 8) No
9) No 10) No 11) Yes 12)Yes 13) Yes 14)Yes 15)No
16) Depends on the pupils answers

C. Evaluation
Do Activity 6 in LM. Let them write their answers on the paper.
Answer Key: 1) 55 2) Kristala 3) 35 4) 20 5) Juan dela Cruz
6) Juan dela Cruz 7) 15 8) Pedro Penduko and Panday
9)Juan dela Cruz 10) 2

D. Home Activity
Create and display a birthday month graph to show all friends month
birthdays. Construct 5 questions about the graph.

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408
Lesson 87 Likelihood of an Event

Week 9 and 10

Objectives
1. Tell whether an event is sure, likely, equally likely, unlikely, and impossible
to happen
2. Describe events in real-life situations using the phrases sure to happen,
likely to happen, equally likely to happen, unlikely to happen, and
impossible to happen

Value Focus
Industry in doing work

Telling whether an event is likely, equally likely or unlikely to happen.

Materials
Worksheet, red and blue marbles, coins, pictures, red and black counters



1. Drill
Let the pupils play Who am I? game.
Example:
What is the smallest odd number nearest to but less than 20?
What is a two-digit even number for which the sum of the 2 digits is 5
and the difference is 3?

2. Review:
Make a bar graph using the data.

Santan Rose Daisy Sampaguita Orchid
10 25 20 5 15

3. Motivation
Say: Lets toss a coin. Raise your right hand if you are for the tail and
left if you are for head.
Ask: If you choose a tail or a head, will you be sure that your choices
will come true? Why?

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409

Show a box with 6 blue marbles inside it. Let them count the number of
marbles.
Ask: What object will I pick from the box? Will I be sure that every time
I pick an object it will be a marble? Why? (Marble will be picked. This is
certain or sure because all the objects inside the box are marbles.)

Put one pingpong ball on the box. Let them count the number of
marbles and pingpong balls.
Ask: Do you think I will always pick a marble now? Will I be sure that
every time I pick it will be a marble? Why? What do you think will be my
chance of getting a marble, will it be most likely or sure to happen?
Why? (Most likely to be picked because there are 6 marbles and only
one pingpong ball.)

Ask: What do you think is my chance of getting a jackstone ball? Why?
(Impossible to happen because there is no jackstone in the box)

What about my chance of getting a pingpong ball, will it be
impossible, unlikely, most likely or sure to happen? Why? (Unlikely to
be picked because there is only one pingpong ball and 6 marbles).

Put 5 more pingpong balls in the box. Ask the pupils to count the
pingpong balls and the marblesl inside the box.
Ask: Now, what is the likelihood that I will get a pingpong ball? Marble?
Why? (Equally likely to be picked because there are the same number
of pingpong balls and marbles inside the box).

Say: Let us make a number line to show the different chances of an
event to happen.

Ask: What do you think does zero represents?
How about 1?
How about ?
How about greater than zero but less than ?
0 1 1
2
3
4
1
4
Impossible to
happen
Equally likely to
happen
Sure to happen
Unlikely to
happen
Most Likely to
happen
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410
How about greater than but less than 1?

a. Show some pictures. Ask: What event/s is/are certain to happen to
you today? Why?

Recess time Homework Bedtime

Some additional questions to be asked for each illustration:
What do you usually do during recess time?
Do you always do your homework? Why?
What time do you usually sleep at night? Why do you need to have
enough sleep and rest?

b. Group Activity
Divide the class into groups of fives. Provide each group with the
following events/situations written in strips of cartolina or card
board. Say: What do you think is the chances of the following event
or situation to happen the next day, will it be impossible, unlikely,
equally likely, most likely or sure to happen? Why? Let them write
their answers on their answer sheet or paper.

1. Tomorrow will be a sunny day.
2. You will all eat sandwich during lunchtime.
3. You will have a periodic test.
4. It will rain.
5. Everyone of you will play badminton.
6. All of you will go to the market.

Ask:
What events or situations in our activities are:
- sure to happen? Why?
- impossible to happen? Why?
- unlikely to happen? Why?
- equally likely to happen? Why?
- most likely to happen? Why?
When do we say that an event is:
- sure to happen?
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April 10, 2014
411
- impossible to happen?
- unlikely to happen?
- equally likely to happen?
- most likely to happen?

a. Group Activity: Milling Around. Say: Answer Activity 1 in your LM by
going around the room for 5 minutes and let your classmates
answer the given event.
Answer Key:
Possible answers: Impossible Climbing Mt. Pinatubo; Flying to the
moon
Other chances depends on the pupils answer.

b. Working in Triads

Ask pupils to complete the table.

List down events that are sure, most likely, equally likely, unlikely
and impossible to happen to them.

Impossible to
happen
(Not a
chance this
will happen)
Unlikely
(Could
happen,
Probably
wont)
Equally likely
(Even
Chance)
Most Likely
(Could
happen)
Sure
(Certain/
Absolutely will
happen)

c. For additional activity, let pupils answer Activity 2 individually.
Discuss their answers afterwards.
Answer Key: 1) most likely 2) equally likely 3) equally likely
4) most likely 5) impossible 6) most likely
7) unlikely 8) unlikely 9) impossible 10) most likely

Say: The chance that something will happen - how likely it is that
some event will happen is called probability.
Ask: What are the different chances that an event will happen?
When can you tell whether an event will happen?
You can tell whether the event is most likely to happen, equally
to happen or unlikely to happen based on given facts.

DRAFT
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412

Let pupils work in pairs. Let them answer Activities 3 5. Discuss one
activity at a time.

Answer Key:
Activity 3
1) most likely 6) equally likely
2) equally likely 7) impossible
3) unlikely 8) most likely
4) impossible 9) unlikely
5) sure 10) most likely

Activity 4
A. 1) equally likely 4) impossible 7) impossible 8) impossible
The rest of the numbers depends on the pupils answer.
B. 1) B, all counters are red
2) D, almost all counters are red
3) A, there are as many red as black counters
4) C or E, because the black counters outnumber the red
counters
5) F, all the counters are black

Activity 5
1) equally likely 6) unlikely
2) equally likely 7) equally likely
3) equally likely 8) impossible
4) equally likely 9)unlikely
5) impossible 10) equally likely

3. Evaluation
Let pupils answer Activity 6 individually.
Activity 6-A Depends on the pupils answer

4. Home Activity
Let pupils answer Activity 7 in their notebook.

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April 10, 2014

Lesson 1 Visualizing Numbers up to 5 000

If we count from one to one thousand and add 1, we have one

Lesson 2 Visualizing Numbers up to 10 000

A number will be assigned and pinned to each group member - 0, 1, 2,

2. Performing the Activity

Give the place value and value of a digit in a number up to 10 000

Possible answers: 3 047, 3 074, 3 704, 3 740, 4 037, 4 703, etc.

Ask the following questions.

Give Activity 4 in the LM as pupils assignment. Check their work.

So, 22 rounded to the nearest tens is 20.

C. Study the number line. Read the number labels.

2. Write numbers after, before, between a given number

How do we use the number line in comparing numbers?

Order numbers up to 10 000 in increasing or decreasing order

Ask: Why should it be placed in that position? (because 5 253 is less

Guide pupils in working on Activity 4 in the LM. Check pupils answers.

line wins. Then, call another pair of contestants. Do this as snappily as

3. PhP126.25 ____ PhP89.90

5. Summarizing the Lesson

(PhP336.25; Combinations of: one 100-peso bill, one 200-

comparing values of different denominations of bills and coins?

Plastic Bottle Fund Drive

Answer key: 1) d 2)a 3)d 4) b 5)a

Rounding off numbers

When the pointer stops at the

Call on other pupils to write the numbers on the board in column

Try another example. This time, adding numbers mentally with

How were the addends in item no. 1 split as to their place

Encircle the addends for the following sums. Addends can be 2 or

What did mother buy?

Let them follow these steps used in the front-end strategy:

Ask your parents help in doing the exercises below.

b. Romy gathered 240 eggs in their farm last Saturday. He gathered

The population of Remelian Elementary School is 4 167

Bottled water PhP8.00

Have the pupils answer Activity 2 of LM individually. Check pupils

Love for reading

Hundreds Tens Ones

In which place value are we going to start?

Hundreds Tens Ones

When subtracting numbers, align the digits according to their

3) Around 300 more visitors were on the

c. How do we know if we over-estimated or under-estimated?

5. Summarizing the Lesson

2. How many shells did he gather?

How can you solve 36 19 mentally? Is there regrouping to be done?

c. What do you do when using the compensation method? (We

d. Pose another problem:

d. When do you use expanded method, place value method and

Play Give Me game.

There were 234 Grade 1 and 357 Grade 2 pupils in

2. Performing the Activity

Lesson 29 Visualizing Multiplication of the Numbers 6 and 7

This is the way we write the multiplication sentence: 6 x 3 = 18

b. To get the product in multiplication, multiply the multiplicand by the

2. Performing the Activities