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    Setting Analog Signal Input

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    nmanojkumar_17
    1. The document discusses signal sampling and reconstruction. It describes how analog signals are converted to digital form through sampling, which involves measuring the amplitude of an analog signal at discrete time intervals. 2. There are two main types of sampling discussed: natural sampling, where the sampled pulse takes the shape of the analog waveform, and flat top sampling, where the pulse amplitude is held constant between samples. 3. The document provides steps for an experiment using a sampling and reconstruction trainer kit to observe natural and flat top sampling and then reconstruct the original analog signal using a low pass filter.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Setting Analog Signal Input

    Uploaded by

    nmanojkumar_17
    107 views7 pages
    1. The document discusses signal sampling and reconstruction. It describes how analog signals are converted to digital form through sampling, which involves measuring the amplitude of an analog signal at discrete time intervals. 2. There are two main types of sampling discussed: natural sampling, where the sampled pulse takes the shape of the analog waveform, and flat top sampling, where the pulse amplitude is held constant between samples. 3. The document provides steps for an experiment using a sampling and reconstruction trainer kit to observe natural and flat top sampling and then reconstruct the original analog signal using a low pass filter.

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    Original Title

    Expt no 1

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    1. The document discusses signal sampling and reconstruction. It describes how analog signals are converted to digital form through sampling, which involves measuring the amplitude of an analog signal at discrete time intervals. 2. There are two main types of sampling discussed: natural sampling, where the sampled pulse takes the shape of the analog waveform, and flat top sampling, where the pulse amplitude is held constant between samples. 3. The document provides steps for an experiment using a sampling and reconstruction trainer kit to observe natural and flat top sampling and then reconstruct the original analog signal using a low pass filter.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    107 views7 pages

    Setting Analog Signal Input

    Uploaded by

    nmanojkumar_17
    1. The document discusses signal sampling and reconstruction. It describes how analog signals are converted to digital form through sampling, which involves measuring the amplitude of an analog signal at discrete time intervals. 2. There are two main types of sampling discussed: natural sampling, where the sampled pulse takes the shape of the analog waveform, and flat top sampling, where the pulse amplitude is held constant between samples. 3. The document provides steps for an experiment using a sampling and reconstruction trainer kit to observe natural and flat top sampling and then reconstruct the original analog signal using a low pass filter.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Setting analog signal input:

    Expt no:

    SIGNAL SAMPLING AND RECONSTRUCTION

    Date:

    Aim:
    To study different types of signal sampling and its reconstruction
    Apparatus Required:
    Sampling and Reconstruction trainer kit - ST2101
    CRO and Connecting probes
    Power supply and Power cords
    Patch cords
    Theory:
    Signal Sampling:
    The signals we use in the real world, such as our voice, are called analog signals. At the transmitter, to process these
    signals for digital communication, we need to convert analog signals to digital form. Sampling is the process of converting
    analog signal into discrete time signal. The amplitude of the analog signal is measured at certain intervals in time. Each
    measurement is referred to as a sample. Non linear mixing of analog signal with sampling pulse signal results in sampled
    discrete pulses. For a perfect sampling, the minimum sampling rate is equal to twice the highest frequency of analog signal
    called Nyquist sampling theorem.
    In natural sampling, the sampled pulse amplitude takes the shape of the analog waveform for the period of the
    sampling pulse. Natural sampling is accomplished by Sampler circuit. In flat top sampling, the sampled pulse takes the
    amplitude of the analog waveform during the sampling period and the pulse amplitude is held relatively constant until the next
    sample is taken. Flat top sampling is accomplished by Sample and Hold circuit.
    Signal Reconstruction:
    Reconstruction is the process of getting back the original analog signal from its discrete form. It is accomplished by
    low pass filter circuit.
    Procedure:
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.
    6.
    7.
    8.
    9.
    10.
    11.
    12.
    13.
    14.
    15.

    Set the INTERNAL / EXTERNAL sampling selector switch in INTERNAL position.


    Put the DUTY CYCLE SELECTOR switch in position 5 (to set 50 % duty cycle).
    Connect 1 KHz internally generated sinusoidal signal available at t.p.12 to SIGNAL INPUT on the Sampling Circuit
    board.
    Turn the ON/OFF switch of the kit to ON.
    Observe the analog signal of frequency 1 KHz (t.p.12), sampled output (t.p.37) and sample & hold circuit output
    (t.p.39).
    Connect the sampled output (t.p.37) to the input of 4th order LPF (t.p.43).
    Observe the reconstructed signal at the output of the 4th order LPF (t.p.46).
    Trace the sampled output at t.p.37. Note that 40 samples are appearing in one cycle of the analog signal, as the default
    value of the sampling frequency is 40KHz.
    Now, keep on changing the sampling frequency by successive presses of FREQUENCY SELECTOR switch and
    observe the effect of lower sampling frequencies.
    Keep the sampling rate constant at some appropriate value, and vary the position of DUTY CYCLE SELECTOR
    switch, and observe the sampled signal (t.p.37) and the reconstructed signal at the output of the 4th order LPF (t.p.46).
    Connect the sample & hold circuit output (t.p.39) to the input of 4th order LPF (t.p.43).
    Observe the reconstructed signal at the output of the 4th order LPF (t.p.46).
    Trace the sample & hold circuit output at t.p.39. Note that 40 samples are appearing in one cycle of the analog signal,
    as the default value of the sampling frequency is 40KHz.
    Now, keep on changing the sampling frequency by successive presses of FREQUENCY SELECTOR switch and
    observe the effect of lower sampling frequencies.
    Keep the sampling rate constant at some appropriate value, and vary the position of DUTY CYCLE SELECTOR
    switch, and observe the sample & hold circuit output (t.p.39) and the reconstructed signal at the output of the 4th
    order LPF (t.p.46).

    Signal sampling and reconstruction using natural sampling:

    Signal sampling and reconstruction using flat top sampling:

    Tabulations:
    S.no.
    1.

    Signal
    Analog input signal

    2.

    Sampling pulse

    3.

    Natural sampling output

    4.

    Reconstructed output

    5.

    Flat top sampling output

    6.

    Reconstructed output

    Amplitude ( )

    Timeperiod ( )

    Frequency ( )

    Result:
    Thus different types of signal sampling and reconstruction have been studied.

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