Sync Generator
Uploaded by
Thimal ManujayaSync Generator
Uploaded by
Thimal ManujayaEE xxxx - Laboratory Practice VI
SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR TRANSIENT
ANALYSIS
Semester 7
Instructed by: Mr. W.D. Prasad
Group Members:
W.G.M. Amaradasa
H.K.G. Amarasignhe
(Name)
(Name)
(Index)
(Index)
(Index)
(Index)
Name
Index No.
Group
Field
Date of Perform.
Date of Submission
: W.G.M. Amaradasa
: 110027A
: G-08
: Electrical Engineering
: 11/08/2015
: 25/08/2015
OBSERVATIONS
Experiment
: Synchronous Generator Transient Analysis
Name
: W.G.M. Amaradasa
Index No.
: 110027A
Group
: G-08
Date of Performance: 11/08/2015
Instructed By
: Mr. W.D. Prasad
a) Obtaining of Short Circuit Armature Current oscillogram
Pre-short circuit line voltage
: 77 V
Steady shot circuit current
: 4.4 A
Generator Speed
: 1497.8 rpm
No of Generator pole pairs
:2
b) Obtaining of field current oscillogram
Steady State Field Current
: 0.20 A
c) Obtaining of Open Circuit Armature Voltage Waveform
d) Slip Test
Current Waveform
Voltage Waveform
Minimum Phase Current
:5A
Maximum Phase Current : 5.1 A
Minimum Line Voltage
: 46 V
Maximum Line Voltage
: 43 V
Generator Speed
: 1436 rpm
CALCULATIONS
i.
Calculating Xd, Xd, Xd, Td, Td, Td0, Td0 and Ta
Step 1:
Obtaining the half magnitude peak current value from short circuit current waveform and drawing the
graph of that vs. time and calculate
Time (s)
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.07
0.09
0.11
0.13
0.15
0.17
0.19
X d and
Ia(pk-pk) (A)
44
30
24
20.5
19
16.5
16.5
15
15.5
16
X 'd'
Ia(pk) (A)
22
15
12
10.25
9.5
8.25
8.25
7.5
7.75
8
Log(Ia(pk))
3.0910
2.7081
2.4849
2.3273
2.2513
2.1102
2.1102
2.0149
2.0477
2.0794
From the Graph 1,
log ( A )=3.2526
A=antilog ( 3.2526 )=25.8575
log ( B )=2.1000
Xd=
''
Xd =
B=antlilog ( 2.1000 )=8.1662
2 V s 2 77/ 3
=
=7.6989
B
8.1662
2 V s 2 77/ 3
=
=2.4314
A
25.8575
Step2:
Obtaining
x vs. time graph and calculate
X 'd and T 'd
Log(A)
x (A-B)
Log(x)
3.0634
21.3998
13.2336
2.5828
0.020
2.8951
18.0858
9.9196
2.2945
0.030
2.7466
15.5898
7.4237
2.0047
0.040
2.6166
13.6897
5.5235
1.7090
Time (s)
0.010
0.050
2.5040
12.2310
4.0648
1.4024
0.060
2.4074
11.1049
2.9387
1.0780
0.070
2.3257
10.2336
2.0674
0.7263
0.080
2.2576
9.5602
1.3941
0.3322
From the Graph 2,
log ( C ) =2.3400
X 'd =
1
1
C
+
X d 2 V s
C=antilog ( 2.3400 ) =10.3812
=
1
1
10.3812
+
13.3348 2 77/ 3
=4.1647
D=0.0436
T 'd=D=0.0436 s
Step3:
Obtaining
vs. time graph and calculate
Time (s)
Log(C)
C
0.002
2.2044
0.004
2.1588
0.006
2.1132
0.008
2.0676
0.010
2.0220
0.012
1.9764
0.014
1.9308
From the Graph 3,
log ( E )=4.6000
''
Xd '
X
''
d
Log(x)
x
y (x-C)
Log(y)
4.5847
97.9718
88.9070
4.4876
3.8596
47.4487
38.7879
3.6581
3.4355
31.0479
22.7732
3.1256
3.1346
22.9798
15.0740
2.7130
2.9012
18.1961
10.6427
2.3649
2.7105
15.0368
7.8201
2.0567
2.5493
12.7976
5.9026
1.7754
E=antilog ( 4.6000 )=99.4843
T d 0 ' =T d '
T d =0.0047 s
T d 0 ' ' =T d ' '
9.0648
8.6607
8.2747
7.9058
7.5534
7.2167
6.8950
T 'd'
=0.0047
F=0.0047
''
T d =F
Xd
7.6989
=0.0436
=0.0806 s
Xd '
4.1647
4.1647
=0.0081 s
2.4314
Step4:
Plot of envelop mean of current waveform with time and calculate armature time constant T a
Time (s)
Ia (+ve) peak
-Ia (-ve) peak
(Ia (+ve) peak) + (-Ia (-ve) peak)
0.01
23
21
44
0.03
15
15
30
0.05
12
12.5
24.5
0.07
10
10.5
20.5
0.09
9
10
19
0.11
8.5
9
17.5
0.13
8
8
16
0.15
8
8
16
0.17
8
8
16
0.19
7.5
7.5
15
From the Graph 4,
G=34.4
G
=12.7
e
T a=H=0.1728 s
H=0.1728 s
ii.
Computing Short Circuit field current waveform
Field current variation following a sudden three phase short circuit at the armature given by,
I f =I f 0+ I f 0
( X d X 'd )
Xd '
[ ( )
e
t
Td '
T kd
''
Td
t
T d''
T kd
''
Td
t
Ta
e cos ( t )
Assuming no damper windings,
T kd=0
Then,
I f =I f 0+ I f 0
( X d X 'd )
I f =0.20+0.20
Xd '
[e
t
Td '
t
''
Td
I f 0=0.20 A ,
(7.69894.1647) 0.0436 0.0047
e
e
4.1647
I f =0.20+0.8486 e
t
0.0436
t
0.0047
Field current waveform can be plotted by using Matlab. Following commands can be used to plot,
>> x = 0:0.001:0.3;
>> plot(0.20+0.8486*(exp(-x/0.0436)-exp(-x/0.0047)));
Computed filed current waveform is in the following figure,
Field Current waveform obtained by the oscilloscope is in the following figure,
iii.
Computing and plotting the open circuit line voltage waveform
(t + 0 )
X ' X d ' ' Tt' '
(t + 0 ) 2V s ( d
)e
cos
Xd
t
X d X d ' T '
(t + 0 ) 2V s (
) e cos
X 'd'
V a= 2 V s cos
d0
d0
Assuming
0=0,
t
t
t
()
t
X 'd X 'd' T
()2 V s (
) e cos
Xd
t
X X ' T '
() 2 V s ( d ' ' d ) e cos
Xd
V a= 2 V s cos
''
d0
d0
2 50 t
2 50 t
2 50 t
()
t
4.1647.4314 0.0081
() 2(77 / 3)(
)e
cos
7.6989
t
7.69894.1647 0.0806
() 2 (77 / 3)(
)e
cos
2.4314
V a= 2 (77/ 3)cos
314.16 t
314.16 t
314.16 t
()
()14.1543 e
t
0.0 081
cos
t
0.0806
()91.3857 e
cos
V a =62.87 cos
Armature voltage waveform can be plotted by using Matlab. Following commands can be used to
plot,
>> y = 0:0.001:1;
>> plot(62.87*cos(314.16.*y)-91.3857*exp(-y/0.0806).*cos(314.16.*y)14.1543*exp(-y/0.0081).*cos(314.16.*y))
Computed armature voltage waveform is in the following figure,
Armature Voltage waveform obtained by the oscilloscope is in the following figure,
iv.
Compute Machine parameters from open circuit voltage waveform
Step 1:
Obtaining the half magnitude peak voltage value from open circuit current waveform and drawing the
graph of that vs. time.
v.
Compute Xd and Xq by Slip Test
According to the observations,
VLine ( pk pk ) max=2 46 2V
Ia( pk pk ) max =2 5.1 2 A
d=
d=
VLine ( pk pk ) min=2 43 2 V
Ia( pk pk ) min =2 5 2 A
(Va ( pk pk)max) 2 46 2/ 3
=
=5.3116
(Ia( pk pk )min)
2 5 2
X
(Va( pk pk )min) 2 43 2/ 3
=
=4.8679
( Ia ( pk pk )max)
2 5.1 2
X
Graph1 : Ia(pk)(log scale) vs. Time
f(x) = - 203.24x^3 + 110.93x^2 - 20.01x + 3.25
GRAPHS
Time (s)
Log(Ia(pk))
0.01
3.0910
0.03
2.7081
0.05
2.4849
0.07
2.3273
0.09
2.2513
0.11
2.1102
0.13
2.1102
0.15
0.17
2.0149
A
0.19
2.0477
2.0794
Table 1
Graph2 : x vs Time
f(x) = -1.05 ln(x) - 1.92
Table 2
Time (s)
Log(x)
0.010
2.5828
0.020
0.030
0.040
0.050
0.060
0.070
0.080
2.2945
2.0047
1.7090
1.4024
1.0780
0.7263
0.3322
Graph3 : y vs. Time
Log(y)
Time (s)
0.002
4.4876
3.6581
0.004
3.1256
0.006
2.7130
0.008
2.3649
0.010
2.0567
0.012
1.7754
0.014
Table 3
Graph4 : (Ia (+ve) peak) + (-Ia (-ve) peak) vs. Time
Time ms)
(Ia (+ve) peak) + (-Ia (-ve) peak)
0.01
0.03
44
30
0.05
24.5
0.07
20.5
0.09
19
0.11
17.5
0.13
16
0.15
16
0.17
16
0.19
15
Table 4
DISCUSSION
1. Comparison of the parameter values computed using the short circuit current
Oscillogram and the slip test.
2. Comparison of the agreement of theoretical and observed Oscillogram of short
circuit field current and open circuit line voltage.
3. Features of Short Circuit Oscillogram of phase and field current
4. Importance of short circuit study on synchronous generators
