FFO
FFO
: ________
Enrolment No.___________
Subject Code:2130502
Subject Name:Fluid Flow Operation
Time:10:30 AM to 01:00 PM
Date:04/06/2016
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
MARKS
Q.1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Q.2
13
14
(a)
(b)
(c)
(c)
Short Questions
14
What is Newtons law of viscosity?
Differentiate between Compressible and incompressible
fluid.
How absolute viscosity and kinematic viscosity are
related? What are their units in practice?
Write equation of hydrostatic equilibrium showing each
term in figure and explaining it.
Write equation for measuring pressure drop by simple
Manometer.
When gravity Decanter is used?
What is fully developed flow.
What is Reynolds No.? How it classifies the flow of
fluid?
How maximum velocity is related to average velocity
when there is Newtonian fluid moving in a straight
circular pipe?
Write Bernoulli equation without friction.
Give equation for angular momentum.
What is relation between friction factor and Reynolds
No. for Laminar flow?
What is Mach No.?
Write formula for the NPSH.
.Discuss operating principle of Centrifugal Decanter
03
Water flowing at 1500 cm3/sec in a 50 mm diameter pipe
04
is metered by means of a simple orifice meter of Dia.
25mm. If the coefficient of discharge is 0.62 , what will
be the reading in a - mercury under water - manometer
connected to the to the meter? of Water = 0.8 CP,
Hg =13.6
Derive equation for Gravity Decanter relating Total
07
depth, depth of each fluid and densities of fluid
OR
Air at 20C and 2 atm absolute pressure enters a heater
07
through a 50 mm tube at an average velocity of 15 m/s. It
leaves the heater through a 65 mm tube at 90 C and 1.6
atm absolute pressure. What is average air velocity at the
outlet?
1
Q.3
Q.3
Q.4
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
OR
Q.4
Q.5
Q.5
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Subject Code:130502
Subject Name:Fluid Flow Operation
Time:10:30 AM to 01:00 PM
Date:04/06/2016
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
Q.2
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)
(vii)
(b)
Define following
Fluid
Hydraulic radius
Schedule No.
Mach No.
Cavitation
NPSH
Venna contracta
Write assumptions and derive Bernoulis equation without corrections for a
stream tube of increasing cross section and increasing elevation.
07
(a)
07
07
07
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
07
07
07
07
07
Q.4
(a)
(b)
07
07
OR
Q.4
(a)
(b)
07
07
Q.5
(a)
(b)
07
07
Q.5
(a)
(b)
07
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Subject Code:2130502
Subject Name: Fluid Flow Operation
Time: 02.30 pm - 05.00 pm
Date:01/01/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
(a)
(b)
Q.2
(a)
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
State and Explain Newtons law of viscosity. Explain Newtonian and NonNewtonian fluids.
A simple U-Tube manometer is installed across an orifice meter. The manometer
is filled with mercury(specific gravity 13.6), and the liquid above the mercury is
carbon tetrachloride (specific gravity 1.6). The manometer reads 200mm. What
is the pressure difference over the manometer in Newtons per square meter?
07
07
Define Drag coefficient. Show relation between Drag co-efficient and Reynolds
No.
A partial oxidation is carried out by passing air with Hydrocarbon (1.2 mole %)
through 40 m.m. diameter tube packed with ( 3mm 3mm)cyllinderical catalyst
pallets for 0.9 meter length. The air enters at 3400C an d 2 atmosphere pressure
with a superficial velocity of 1 meter/ sec. What is the pressure drop through
packed bed ?Assume =0.4, Viscosity of air = 0.028cp. The pressure drop is
given by
P
150Vo ( 1 - )2
1.75 Vo2 (1- )
2
2
3
L
s Dp
s Dp
3
07
OR
Discuss with neat diagram construction and working of any one flow meter.
Natural gas consisting essentially of methane is to be transported through a .5
meter ID pipeline over flat land. Each pumping station increases the pressure to
7.0 Kgf/cm2 abs and the pressure drops to 1.75 Kgf/cm2 abs attje inlet to the next
pumping station 75 K.M. away. What is the gas flow rate in cubic feet per hour
measured at 150C and 760 mm Hg pressure ?
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
OR
07
Q.5
(b)
Discuss velocity Distribution for laminar flow for Newtonian fluids in circular
pipe and Derive Hagen- Poiseuille equation.
07
(a)
Estimate the terminal velocity for Dp = 0.161 mm of lime stone with density
2800 Kg/M3falling in water at 300C. Viscosity of water is 0.8 cp and take drag
coefficient equal to 20.Find NRep.
Discuss Fluidization.
OR
Discuss different types of valves used in chemical industries.
Discuss various types of flow observed in two phase flow.
07
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
07
07
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Subject Code:2130502
Subject Name: FLUID FLOW OPERATION
Time: 2:30pm to 5:00pm
Date:29/12/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
1
2
3
4
Q.2
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
(a)
(b)
(c)
(c)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Short Questions
Define: Fluid
State physical significance of Reynolds number
Define: Mass velocity
Calculate the hydraulic radius and equivalent diameter for a duct of
square cross section of side b.
Define sonic, subsonic and supersonic flow.
What is fluidization?
State various types of check valves.
Define NPSH for centrifugal pump.
What is vena contracta in orifice meter?
What is schedule number of pipe?
For measurement of stack gas velocity _________ is used.
Define: Volumetric efficiency of reciprocating pump
Give significance and field of use of inclined manometer.
Define: Newtons law of viscosity
Differentiate between a pipe and tube.
Explain the principle and working of gravity decanter along with a neat
sketch.
Explain the Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with suitable figure and
examples.
OR
An oil of density 1.6 gm/cc and viscosity 5.0 cp is pumped from a
storage tank at ground floor to the top of a column at a height of 10 m at
the rate 2000 kg/min through a pipe of inside diameter 5 cm. Calculate
the pumping power required in HP if the pump efficiency is 60%. The
losses due to valves and expansion may be taken as 1.5 (kgf)(m) / kg.
For friction factor use, f = 0.0014 + [0.125/NRe0.32]
Explain: Drag and drag coefficient.
Derive an expression of head loss due to sudden expansion of flow area for
steady flow of incompressible fluid.
Derive the Bernoullis equation. Write the necessary assumptions. Explain
the corrections applied to it.
OR
Explain what is cavitation and when priming is required in centrifugal
pump?
Differentiate: Variable head meter and variable area meter
Explain in detail about isentropic flow of compressible fluid through
nozzle.
Define: Potential Flow, Stream lines & stream tubes.
Explain flow in boundary layers?
14
03
04
07
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
1
(c)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
State types of reciprocating pumps and explain any one of them in details?
OR
Differentiate between laminar flow and turbulent flow.
Explain: Characteristic curves of centrifugal pump.
Sulfuric acid of Specific gravity 1.3 is flowing through a pipe of 8.0 cm ID.
An orifice meter of 2.0 cm diameter is fitted in the pipe. A mercury (sp. gr.
13.6) manometer fitted to the system measures the differential pressure as
15.0 cm. Calculate the mass flow rate of the acid in kg/hr. Assume orifice
coefficient as 0.61.
State types of fluidization.
Discuss the effect of friction factor for rough tube.
Write a short note on prevention of leakage around moving parts.
OR
State various types of fluid transport system.
A pitot tube with a discharge co-efficient of 0.9, is connected to a
manometer containing water. A light oil with specific gravity of 0.8 is
flowing through a pipe line of 8.0 cm ID. When the pitot tube is kept at
the centre of the pipe, the manometer reads 9.0 cm. calculate the flow
rate of the oil if the average velocity is 80% of the maximum.
List the different dimensional analysis methods and explain any one method
with the help of a proper example.
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
03
04
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Subject Code:130502
Subject Name: Fluid Flow Operation
Time: 2:30pm to 5:00pm
Date:29/12/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
Q.2
Q.3
Q.3
08
06
07
07
07
(b) A nozzle is fitted to a large vessel containing air at a pressure 4905 kPa and
temperature 300 K. Air flows out steadily through the nozzle at the outlet of
which air pressure is 3433.5 kPa. Calculate velocity of air at the nozzle outlet (u)
in m/s.
1
P
2
P
kg
2
0
1
1 0 P0
kgmol
07
OR
(a) Derive Bernoulli equation without friction.
Page 1 of 2
07
07
Q.4
07
07
07
OR
Q.4
Q.5
Q.5
07
07
(a) Differentiate between Rota meter and orifice meter. Briefly describe pitot tube.
07
07
(b) The rate of flow of water in a 150 mm diameter pipe is measured with a venturi
meter with a 50 mm diameter throat. When the pressure drop over the
converging section is 121 mm of water, the flow rate is 2.91 kg/s. What is the
coefficient for the converging cone of the meter at this flow rate?
07
*************
Page 2 of 2
07
Enrolment No.___________
Date: 01-01-2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
(a)
i.
Laminar flow
ii.
Significance of Reynolds Number
iii.
Stream tube
iv.
Potential flow
v.
Cavitation
vi.
NPSH
vii.
Define hydraulic radius
(b) Discuss Rayleigh Method for the application of dimensional analysis to fluid
flow:
For the flow of fluid through long, straight and circular pipe, the pressure
drop/loss due to friction depends upon the following variables like diameter of
pipe, length of pipe, velocity of fluid, density of fluid and viscosity of fluid.
Obtain the relation between pressure drop and these variables.
Q.2
Q.3
Q.3
07
07
07
Derive Bernoullis equation for the flow with friction through inclined stream
tube.
(b) Derive the relation between mass velocity and average velocity.
07
(a)
(a)
(a)
OR
Find the drop in pressure due to friction in a 60m long and 25 mm i.d. pipe
when water is flowing at a rate of 10kg/s. If the pressure drop falls by one half,
what will the new flow rate be?
07
07
07
07
07
Q.4
(a)
07
u = umax{1-(r/R)2}
umax = constant velocity at the centre line of the pipe
r = radial distance from the centre line of pipe
R = radius of pipe
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Find the velocity gradient at the wall and also at the centre line.
(b) Explain construction and working principle of venturimeter.
07
OR
Q.4
(a)
(b) Define minimum fluidization velocity and conditions for the fluidization.
Q.5
Q.5
(a)
Water at 303 K flows through a horizontal pipe 20mm in diameter,in which the
pressure drop per meter length is to be limited to 2.35 Pa/m.Calculate the
volumetric flow rate.
iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
07
07
07
07
07
vii.
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Date:04/06/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
(a) Explain the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive barometric equation.
07
(b) Discuss different types of manometers used for pressure measurement with neat
Sketches.
.
(a) Explain in detail the behavior of Newtonian and non Newtonian fluid with
suitable example and neat sketch.
(b) A simple U-tube manometer is installed across an orifice meter.The manometer
is filled with mercury ( S.G. 13.6) and the liquid above mercury is CCl4 ( S.G.
1.6) The manometer reading is 200 mm. Calculate pressure drop in N/m2.
OR
(b) A centrifuge bowl 250 mm ID is turning at 4000 rpm .It contains a layer of
chlorobenzene 50 mm thick. If the density of chlorobenzene 1109 kg/m3 and
pressure at liquid surface is atmospheric, what gauge pressure is exerted on the
wall of centrifuge bowl?
07
(a) Derive Bernoulli equation without friction and explain the correction of
Bernoulli equation for fluid friction.
07
(b) Discuss friction loss from sudden expansion and sudden contraction of cross
section of pipe through which incompressible fluid is flowing.
OR
07
Q.3
07
07
Q.4
(a) Derive the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for the volumetric flow rate in a straight
circular pipe.
(b) A pump draws a solution of S.G. 1.84 from a storage tank through a 75 mm
Schedule 40 steel pipe. The efficiency of the pump is 60 %.The velocity in the
suction line is 0.914 m/s. The pump discharges through a 50 mm Schedule 40
steel pipe to an over head tank. The end of discharge pipe is 15.2 m above the
level of solution in the feed tank. Friction losses in entire piping system are 29.9
J/kg. Calculate pressure developed and power required by the pump .
07
Q.1
Q.2
Q.3
07
07
07
07
OR
Q.4
(a)
(b)
07
07
Q.5
Q.5
(a) Briefly describe the construction and working of orifice meter and derive
expression for orifice coefficient.
(b) Discuss positive displacement pumps in detail.
OR
(a) Discuss boundary layer separation and wake formation.
(b) Prove that in laminar flow of Newtonian fluid , velocity distribution is parabola
with respect to radius and with apex at the centerline of the pipe.
07
07
07
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Date:04/06/2015
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Describe the behavior of Newtonian and Non Newtonian fluid with the help of
figure and example.
(b) Derive the Bernoullis equation without friction.
Q.1 (a)
07
07
Q.2 (a) Explain the principle and working of gravity decanter along with a neat sketch. 07
Write the major equations.
Discuss the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive mathematical 07
(b)
condition of hydrostatic equilibrium.
OR
Discuss
Reynolds
number
with
reference
to Reynolds experiment and its 07
(b)
significance.
Derive Hagen-Poiseuille Equation
Explain in detail : Drag and DragCoefficient
OR
What
is
Fluidization?
Give
its
application
in chemical process industries.
Q.3 (a)
Explain fully developed flow. Also discuss concept of transition length for
(b)
laminar and turbulent flow.
Q.3 (a)
(b)
07
07
07
07
Q.4 (a) What is meant by cavitation and priming? Explain the different characteristic curve 07
of the centrifugal pump with neat sketches.
(b) Sulfuric acid of density 1300 kg/m3 is flowing through a pipe of 50mm ID. An 07
orificemeter of 10mm diameter is fitted in the pipe. A mercury (sp. gr 13.6)
manometer fitted to the system measures the differential pressure as 10cm.
Calculate the mass flow rate of the acid in kg/hr. Assume orifice coefficient as 0.61.
OR
Enrolment No.___________
Date: 04-06-2014
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
(a)
(b)
Q.2
(a)
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
Describe the behavior of Newtonian and Non Newtonian fluid with the help of 07
figure and example.
State the assumptions and derive Bernoullis equation without friction.
07
Discuss in detail about continuous gravity decanter.
07
Calculate the power to pump a liquid at the rate of 1.5 kg/s from a ground
07
level tank at atmospheric pressure through a 50mm ID steel pipe to a overhead tank
3m above at 2 kg/cm2 pressure. The distance between two tanks is 500m.
Efficiency of the pump is 70%. The density and viscosity of the liquid is 1500
kg/m3 and 20 cp respectively. Friction factor f =16/NRe.
OR
Discuss the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive mathematical condition 07
of hydrostatic equilibrium.
Explain fully developed flow. Also discuss concept of transition length for laminar
and turbulent flow.
Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation
OR
Explain in detail : Drag and drag coefficient
Describe Reynolds experiment in brief .Water of density 1 gm/cc and viscosity 1
cp is flowing in a pipe of 25mm ID at the rate of 1000 kg/min. Calculate the
Reynolds number and find the type of flow.
07
What is meant by cavitation and priming? Explain the different characteristic curve
of the centrifugal pump with neat sketches.
Write a note on types of Fluidization and applications of Fluidization
OR
Write a note on Gate valves and Globe valves
Discuss the principle and working of a Reciprocating pump.
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
Enrolment No.___________
Date: 07-12-2013
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
07
07
Q.2 (a) A single stage Centrifugal pump with an impeller diameter of 30 cm rotates at 07
2000 rpm and lifts 3 m3 of water/sec to a height of 25 m with an efficiency of
80 %. Find the number of stages and diameter of each impeller of a similar
multistage pump to lift 5 m3 of water/sec to a height of 200 meters when
rotating at 1500 rpm.
(b) Water with density 1000 kg/m3 enters at 50 mm pipe fitting horizontally at 07
steady velocity of 1 m/s and a gauge pressure of 100 kN/m2. It leaves the fitting
horizontally at the same elevation, at an angle 450 with the entrance direction.
The diameter at the water outlet is 20 mm. Assuming the water density constant
throughout, the kinetic energy and momentum correction factors at both
entrance and exit are unity and hfs = 0.
Calculate (a) Gauge pressure at the outlet
(b) The forces in x and y directions exerted by the fitting on the fluid.
OR
A
U-tube
manometer
is
used
to
measure
the pressure of water in a pipe line, 07
(b)
which is in excess of atmospheric pressure. The right limb of the manometer
contains mercury and is open to atmosphere. The contact between water and
mercury is in the left limb. Determine the pressure of the water in the main line,
if the difference in the level of mercury in the limbs of U-tube is 10 cm and free
surface of mercury is in level with the centre of the pipe if the pressure of
water in pipe is reduced to 9310 N/m2. Calculate the new difference in mercury
level.
Q.3 (a) Explain any one method of Dimensional Analysis with one suitable example.
(b) Starting with Bernoullis and continuity equation, derive an expression for
venturimeter, stating all assumptions.
OR
Q.3 (a) Explain in detail : Drag and drag coefficient.
(b) Discuss different types of manometers used for pressure measurement with neat
sketches.
Q.4 (a) Define hydraulic radius, derive an expression for an equivalent diameter for the
case of square duct.
(b) Write a short note on types of valves.
OR
Q.4 (a) Discuss the types of fluidization with its principles and application.
Q.4 (b) Give the concept of hydrostatic equilibrium and derive the expression for
pressure distribution in gas container.
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
07
Q.5 (a) Water is flowing through a pipe having diameters 30 cm and 20 cm at the
bottom and upper level respectively. The intensity of pressure at the bottom end
is 2.5 kgf/cm2 and the pressure at the upper end is 1 kgf/cm2. Determine the
difference in datum head if the rate of flow through pipe is 40 lit/sec.
(b) Define hydraulically smooth tube. Discuss the effect of friction factor for rough
tube.
OR
Q.5 (a) Derive an expression of head loss due to sudden expansion of flow area for
steady flow of incompressible fluids.
(b) Define the following
a) Manometer head
b) Delivery head
c) Reynolds number
d) BWG
e) Schedule number
f) Skin friction
g) Form friction
07
07
07
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Date: 04-06-2013
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
Q.2
Q.3
08
(b) Explain the principle and working of gravity decanter along with a neat
sketch. Write the major equations.
06
03
04
(b) Derive the Bernoullis equation. Write the necessary assumptions. Explain
the corrections applied to it.
OR
07
(b) Calculate the power to pump a liquid at the rate of 1.5 kg/s from a ground
level tank at atmospheric pressure through a 50mm ID steel pipe to a
overhead tank 3m above at 2 kg/cm2 pressure. The distance between two
tanks is 500m. Efficiency of the pump is 70%. The density and viscosity
of the liquid is 1500 kg/m3 and 20 cp respectively. Friction factor f =
16/NRe.
07
07
07
OR
Q.3
(a) Discuss different types of flow measuring devices along with their utility
and application.
(b) Sulfuric acid of density 1300 kg/m3 is flowing through a pipe of 50mm
ID. An orificemeter of 10mm diameter is fitted in the pipe. A mercury
(sp. gr 13.6) manometer fitted to the system measures the differential
pressure as 10cm. Calculate the mass flow rate of the acid in kg/hr.
Assume orifice coefficient as 0.61.
07
07
Q.4
03
04
(b) Draw the characteristic curves for a centrifugal pump and explain them.
07
OR
Q.4
Q.5
(a) Define:
iii) NPSH
06
(b) Describe different types of pumps which are used in chemical industry
and their application.
08
04
03
07
OR
Q.5
07
(b) List the different dimensional analysis methods and explain any one
method with the help of a proper example.
07
*************
Enrolment No.___________
Date: 10-01-2013
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
07
07
07
07
07
(a) Write a short note on friction loss from sudden expansion and sudden contraction 07
of cross section of pipe through which incompressible fluid is flowing.
(b) Derive Ergun equation.
07
OR
Q.3 (a) For laminar flow of fluid through pipe, derive the following relation for the ratio 07
of local velocity to maximum velocity,
Q.3
r
= 1
u max
rw
(b) Write a short note on types of fluidization.
u
07
07
07
Q.4
Q.5
07
07
07
07
07
07
*************
1
Enrolment No.______
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.1
(a)
(b)
State the assumptions and derive Bernoullis equation for pump work.
Explain centrifugal pumps and their types with neat labelled diagram. Derive
head flow relation for an ideal centrifugal pump. Write appropriate assumptions
if any.
07
07
Q.2
(a)
07
(b)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
Define:
(i)Potential flow (ii)Streamlineflow (iii)Viscosity (iv)Steady state flow
(v)Irrotational flow (vi)Equivalent diameter (vii)Smooth pipe
Give detailed classification of fluids based on Newtons law of viscosity.
OR
A sugar syrup is flowing in a pipe of 55mm i.d at a flow rate of 66.67cm3/s. The
viscosity is 0.15N.s/m2 and density is 1040kg/m3. Calculate the frictional loss
over a length of 10m.
The U-tube manometer is used to measure pressure drop across an orifice
meter. The manometric fluid is mercury(sp.gr.=13.6) and fluid flowing through
pipeline and filling manometirc limbs is brine(sp.gr.=1.26). When the pressure
at taps is equal, the level of mercury in manometer is one meter below the taps.
In operating conditions, the pressure at the upstream tap is 115.324kN/ m2
absolute and that at the downstream tap is 33.864 kN/ m2 below atmospheric.
What is reading of manometer in centimeter.
07
07
07
07
07
07
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.4
(a)
07
Define: (i)Cavitation (ii) priming (iii) Vena contracta (iv) Zero head flowrate
(v) NPSH (vi) Suction head (vii) Fully developed flow
07
07
07
OR
(b)
Q.5
(a)
07
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
A 15kW pump with efficiency 80% is discharging oil of specific gravity 0.85 to
a overhead tank from a storage tank. The surface oil in the storage tank from the
datum line is 5m and that in overhead tank fro datum line is 25m. Both the
tanks are open to the atmosphere. If the losses in the piping system are 1.75m of
flowing fluid, calculate the volumetric flow rate of the oil.
OR
Explain different kinds of valves with neat labelled diagram.
A venturimeter is to be fitted in a pipe of 250mm diameter where pressure head
is 7.6m of flowing fluid and the maximum flow is 8.1m3 per minute. Determine
the least diameter of the throat to ensure that the pressure head does not become
negative. Take coefficient of venturimeter as 0.96.
07
07
07
*************
Enrolment No._______________
Date: 24/12/2011
Total marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions.
2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary.
3. Figures to the right indicate full marks.
Q.2
(a) Discuss Reynolds number with reference to Reynolds experiment and its 07
significance.
(b) A vertical continuous decanter is to separate 10 m3/h of a liquid 07
petroleum fraction from an equal volume of wash acid. The density of
the petroleum fraction is 865 kg/m3, that of the acid is 1155 kg/m3. The
required settling time is 20 min. Compute the size of the vessel and the
height of the acid overflow above the floor of the vessel.
OR
(b) Explain the working of a centrifugal decanter and derive the expression 07
of the position of liquid-liquid interface.
Q.3
07
Q.3
OR
(a) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of a 07
rotameter
(b) An oil of density 1650 kg/m3 and viscosity 5.2 cp is pumped from a 07
storage tank at ground floor to the top of a column at a height of 20m at
the rate 1500 kg/min through a pipe of inside diameter 5cm. The total
pipeline is 50m. The pressure at the discharge is 2 bar. Calculate the
pumping power required in HP if the pump efficiency is 60%.
For friction factor use, f = 0.0014 + 0.125NRe0.32.
Q.4
Q.4
07
07
07
07
Q.5
07
07
*************
Enrolment No.______
Date: 25-05-2011
Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
07
Potential flow
Laminar flow
Turbulent flow
NPSH
Transition Length
Continuity equation
Drag coefficient
(b) Explain hydrostatic equilibrium for stationary fluid and derive barometric equation 07
Q.2 (a) A U-tube manometer is used to measure pressure drop across an orifice meter. 07
Manometric fluid is mercury ( = 13,590kg/m3) and fluid flowing through the
orifice and filling the manometer leads is brine ( = 1260kg/m3) under operating
conditions, the gauge pressure at the upstream tap is 0.1 bar and pressure at down
stream tap is 250 mm Hg below atmospheric. Calculate the manometer reading? If
an inclined manometer is installed with one leg making an angle of 300 is used
what will be the new manometer reading?
(b) Explain continuous gravity decanter
07
OR
(b) Two liquids namely Chlorobenzene (specific gravity. = 1.109) and an aqueous
wash liquid (specific gravity = 1.020) are to be separated in a tubular centrifuge
with ID 150mm, rotating at 8000 rpm. The free liquid surface inside the bowl is
50mm from the axis of rotation. If the centrifuge bowl is to contain equal volumes
of the two liquids, find out radial distance between axis and top of the overflow
dam for the heavy liquid.
Q.3 (a) Explain flow in boundary layers?
(b) Explain dimensional analysis with a suitable example
OR
Q.3 (a) Differentiate between Newtonian and non Newtonian fluids with diagrams and
examples?
(b) State the Bernoullis theorem equation? What and why are the correction factors
applied to it?
Q.4 (a) Give types of reciprocating pumps and explain any one of them?
07
07
07
07
07
07
(b) Write a note on characteristic curves, cavitation and priming in centrifugal pumps? 07
OR
Q.4 (a) What is hydraulically smooth tube? Explain the importance of roughness
parameter?
(b) Give differences between pipes and tubes? What steps are taken for prevention of
leakage around moving parts?
Q.5 (a) Derive Hagen-Poiseuille equation clearly mentioning the assumptions?
(b) Define minimum velocity of fluidization and what are the conditions for
fluidization?
OR
07
07
07
07
Q.5 (a) Water is flowing through a 100 mm pipe. Orifice meter with 40 mm aperture is 07
used to measure the flow of water. If the maximum recorded pressure drop is 1 m
on mercury under water manometer and the coefficient of discharge is 0.6. Find
out the maximum flow rate expected in m3/hr and the Reynolds number in the
pipe, if viscosity of water is 1.0cP and specific gravity of mercury is 13.6?
(b) Discuss construction and working of a venturi meter and derive equation for
volumetric flow rate for the same
07
************
Enrolment No.______
Instructions:
Total Marks: 70
(b)
Q.2
(a)
(b)
(c)
09
= 1
u m r0
05
04
03
07
OR
(c)
Q.3
(a)
(b)
(c)
Provide general definitions of volumetric flow rate and mass flow rate through a
surface. Show that the mean velocity for laminar fully developed flow in a pipe of
circular cross section is equal to half the velocity at the centerline. The velocity profile
is parabolic.
Derive the Hagen-Poiseuille equation for the volumetric flow rate in a straight circular
pipe (fully developed laminar flow).
A horizontal pipe of diameter D1 has sudden expansion to a diameter D2. At what ratio
of diameters D1 / D2 would the differential pressure on either side of the expansion be
maximum? What is the corresponding loss of head and differential pressure head?
Starting from the total energy balance equation for a flow of compressible fluid, show
07
05
05
04
that the maximum velocity u max = p w v w for isothermal condition, where pw and
vw show pressure and specific volume at down stream condition.
Q.3
OR
(a) Brine is to be pumped through a 35-m smooth copper tube having inside diameter of 05
2.5-cm. The flow rate is 94.7 10 3 m3 /min. Calculate the head loss due to friction
and pressure drop from friction.
Data given: Specific gravity of brine = 1.18, Viscosity of brine = 2.5 cP and
f = 0.0014 +
0.125
Re0.32
1
(b) Derive an expression of head loss due to sudden expansion of flow area for steady 05
flow of incompressible fluid.
(c) Use conservation laws of mass and momentum to derive an expression for the velocity 04
Q.4
(a)
(b)
(c)
Q.4
(a)
(b)
Q.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
05
04
05
05
05
04
06
06
02
OR
Q.5
Answer as directed.
(a) The power required by an agitator in a tank is a function of the diameter of the 06
agitator, number of rotations of the impeller per unit time, viscosity and density of
liquid. From dimensional analysis using Buckingham's method, obtain a relation
between power and the four variables.
(b) With neat sketch explain the distinct modes of fluidization, which depends on the 05
relative density of the solids.
3
(c) A U-tube manometer containing mercury of density 13600 kg/m is used to measure 03
the pressure drop along a horizontal pipe. If the fluid in the pipe has a specific gravity
of 0.8 and the manometer reading is 0.6m, what is the pressure difference measured by
the manometer?
*************
Enrolment No.______
Date: 19 / 12 /2009
Instructions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Q.1
Q.2
07
1. Convert 1 Pa to psi
2. Convert 1Pa-s to cP
3. The viscosity of the liquid increases with the temperature (True / false)
4. Give full form of NPSH, NPSHA
5. For fully developed flow the kinetic energy correction factor is _____.
6. 1 cusec = 1ft3/sec. (True / false)
7. Which pump can be used for handling slurries?
(b) Explain any one method of dimensional analysis giving an example
07
OR
Q.3
07
07
factor.
3
(b) A pump draws a solution of density 1800 kg/m is flowing from point A to point 07
B The velocity in the suction pipe of 75 mm diameter is 0.9 m/sec. The pump
discharges through a discharge pipe of 50 mm diameter to an overhead tank
(point B) which is 15 m above point A. The frictional losses in the entire piping
system are 30 J/kg .If point A and B are at atmospheric pressure, what pressure
must the pump develop? (Assume pump efficiency = 60% )
OR
Q.3
07
07
Q.4
Q.4
Q.5
07
07
OR
(a) Discuss the construction and working of a rotameter.
(b) Explain the principle and working of coriolis meters
07
07
07
07
industry
Q.5
OR
(a) Define Hydraulic radius derive the expression for equivalent diameter for a
07
07
*************