22 30
22 30
22 30
Procedures:
1. Macerate the peppermint leaves in 7.5
mL of dH2O. Agitate for 1 hour.
2. Strain through filter paper.
3. Discard aqueous solution. Collect
leaves.
4. Macerate leaves in 13.5 mL alcohol.
Stand for 6 hours.
5. Filter. Collect the filtrate.
6. Mix peppermint oil.
7. qs ad alcohol to make 15 mL.
Preparation # 23 Aromatic Ammonia Spirit
Formula:
OA
Ammonium carbonate
34 g
Strong ammonia soln.
36 mL
Lemon oil
10 mL
Lavender oil
1 mL
Nutmeg oil
1 mL
Alcohol
700 mL
pH2O qs ad
1000 mL
Procedures:
1. Dissolve ammonium carbonate and
strong ammonia solution in 6 mL H2O.
(1)
2. Stand for 24 hours.
3. Dissolve lemon oil, nutmeg oil and
lavender oil in 21 mL alcohol. (2)
4. Mix the two solutions.
5. Stand for 24 hours.
6. Filter if turbid.
7. qs ad H2O to make 30 mL.
Extractives:
products
prepared
extraction of drug with suitable solvent
Process E longer/narrower
percolation
4.
Extract
Types:
o
Semi liquid syrupy; 20 mL
solvent left
o
Pilular solid extract, plastic
masses, all solvent has
been evaporated
o
Dry powder powdered
extract;
starchy
drugs;
examples: cassava, radish
5.
6.
by
Process:
Percolation
Alcoholic/hydroalcoholic solution
prepared from vegetable or
animal drug or from chemical
substances
Preparation:
o
Simple solution Iodine
tincture
o
Percolation Belladonna
tincture
o
Maceration Sweet orange
peel tincture
b) Fluidextract
Preparation:
o
Percolation
o
Process A extract is ready
for assay
o
Process D hot H2O as
menstruum
20 g
24 g
500 mL
1000 mL
Procedures:
1. Dissolve NaI in alcohol.
2. Add Iodine crystals.
3. Add enough pH2O to make 30 mL.
Liniments: solution or mixture of various
substances in oil, alcoholic solution of soap
or
emulsion intended
for external
application; also called as embrocation
(rubbing/friction)
Types:
1. Alcoholic
Soaps
from
animals
cause
gelatinization
Formula:
Camphor
Soap
Rosemary oil
Alcohol
Water qs ad
OA
45 g
60 g
10 mL
700 mL
1000 mL
CA
1.35 g
1.8 g
0.3 mL
21 mL
30 mL
Procedures:
1. Dissolve camphor and rosemary oil in
21 mL of alcohol.
2. In a separate container, dissolve soap
in 9 mL of pH2O.
3. Add #1 and #2.
Glycerites
Hygroscopic
Glycerin
Reducing agent
2.
3.
colloidal
clays,
bentonite magma, kaolin
c. Anionic sodium lauryl sulfate
d. Cationic benzalkonium chloride,
cetylpyridinium chloride
e. Non-ionic sorbitan esters and
polysorbates, PEG 400, spans
and tweens
f.
Amphoteric lecithin (used in IV;
fat emulsions)
OA
500 mL
125 g
100 mL
40 mg
60 mL
1000 mL
Procedures:
a) Dry gum
1. Triturate mineral oil.
2. Add acacia in portion and
triturate.
3. Add H2O and triturate.
4. Add syrup in portion with
trituration.
5. Dissolve vanillin in alcohol then
and portion with trituration.
6. Add enough water to make 30
mL.
b) Wet gum
1. Triturate acacia.
2. Add H2O and continue triturating.
3. Add oil in portion.
4. Add syrup in portion.
5. Dissolve vanillin in alcohol, then
and portion with trituration.
6. Add enough H2O to make 30 mL.
Gels
Suspension in a water medium of
insoluble drugs in hydrated from
wherein, the particle size approaches
or attain colloidal dimension
Thixotropy
Have very fine particle size to achieve
large
surface
thus
maximum
absorption capacity
May contain peppermint oil, glycerin,
sorbitol, sucrose, saccharin or other
suitable flavor and preservative in a
total amount of not exceeding 0.5%
Preparation # 29 Aluminum hydroxide gel
Formula
OA
CA
Ammonium alum 800 g
12 g
Sodium carbonate 1000 g
15 g
Peppermint oil
0.01%
0.01% - 1 gtt
Sodium benzoate 0.1%
0.1%
pH2O
2000 mL 30 mL
Procedures:
1. Dissolve sodium carbonate in 60 mL
hot H2O.
2. Dissolve alum in 30 mL hot H2O.
3. Filter the alum solution in the
carbonate solution.
4. Add 60 mL hot H2O with stirring to
allow gas to escape (5 mins).
5. Dilute to 1200 mL with cold water.
STAND. DECANT.
6. Suspend residue in 30 mL purified
water flavored with peppermint oil and
preserve with sodium benzoate.
7. Homogenize the resulting gel.
Lotion
Liquid suspension or dispersion
intended for external application to the
body applied without friction
Insoluble matter are finely divided as
particles
approaching
colloidal
dimensions are more soothing to
inflamed areas and are more effective
in contact with infected surface
Method of preparation:
1. Triturating ingredients to a smooth
paste and then cautiously adding the
remaining liquid phase (high speed
mixers, homogenizers) Calamine
lotion
2. By chemical interaction in the liquid
White lotion (freshly prepared and
does not contain suspending agent)
3.
OA
80 g
80 g
20 mL
250 mL
1000 mL
CA
2.4 g
2.4 g
0.6 mL
7.5 mL
30 mL
Procedures:
1. Dilute bentonite magma with an equal
volume of Ca(OH)2 topical solution.
2. Mix calamine and ZnO alternately with
glycerin to form a smooth paste.
3. Add 7.5 mL of diluted magma.
4. Triturate and add the remaining
magma.
5. Add enough Ca(OH)2 topical solution
to complete the volume.