Sizing is the process of coating warp yarn with a protective size to minimize breakage during weaving. It is especially important for cotton yarns, as even small errors can greatly increase breakage and reduce production. The objectives of sizing include increasing yarn strength and smoothness. Key sizing parameters that influence the amount of size picked up include viscosity, squeezing pressure, roller hardness, and sizing speed. Size paste contains essential ingredients like adhesives and wetting agents, as well as secondary agents that impact properties. Sizing levels are classified as light, pure, medium, or heavy based on the percentage of size added to the yarn.
Sizing is the process of coating warp yarn with a protective size to minimize breakage during weaving. It is especially important for cotton yarns, as even small errors can greatly increase breakage and reduce production. The objectives of sizing include increasing yarn strength and smoothness. Key sizing parameters that influence the amount of size picked up include viscosity, squeezing pressure, roller hardness, and sizing speed. Size paste contains essential ingredients like adhesives and wetting agents, as well as secondary agents that impact properties. Sizing levels are classified as light, pure, medium, or heavy based on the percentage of size added to the yarn.
Sizing is the process of coating warp yarn with a protective size to minimize breakage during weaving. It is especially important for cotton yarns, as even small errors can greatly increase breakage and reduce production. The objectives of sizing include increasing yarn strength and smoothness. Key sizing parameters that influence the amount of size picked up include viscosity, squeezing pressure, roller hardness, and sizing speed. Size paste contains essential ingredients like adhesives and wetting agents, as well as secondary agents that impact properties. Sizing levels are classified as light, pure, medium, or heavy based on the percentage of size added to the yarn.
Sizing is the process of coating warp yarn with a protective size to minimize breakage during weaving. It is especially important for cotton yarns, as even small errors can greatly increase breakage and reduce production. The objectives of sizing include increasing yarn strength and smoothness. Key sizing parameters that influence the amount of size picked up include viscosity, squeezing pressure, roller hardness, and sizing speed. Size paste contains essential ingredients like adhesives and wetting agents, as well as secondary agents that impact properties. Sizing levels are classified as light, pure, medium, or heavy based on the percentage of size added to the yarn.
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SIZING
Sizing is the process of giving a protective coating on the warp yarn to minimize yarn breakage during weaving
Sizing is the most important operation in preparing warp yarn for weaving especially with cotton yarn. The smallest error in sizing process may be very harmful. This may increase warp breakage rate on the looms and consequently reduce weaving production and quality. Therefore sizing is termed as theHeart of weaving
OBJECTIVE OF SIZING
To increase the smoothness of the warp yarn.
To reduce the hairiness of warp yarn. To increase the strength of yarn. To improve the weave ability of the yarn. To increase the tensile strength or breaking strength for cellulose yarn. To increase the elasticity. To remove the projecting fibre. It also used to modify the character of yarn .i.e. to have an effect on fabric weight , stiffness etc. To reduce the formation for synthetic or blended yarn. It is also used for modifying the character of warp yarn. i.e.to have an effect on fabric weight,stiffness etc.
MACHINE DESCRIPTION
TOTAL SIZING M/C :01
SECTION :01 M/C NAME : BENNINGER ZELL SIZING M/C. ORIGIN : GERMANY MODEL : BEN PROCOMB ZB-20 SWATKECT 4/4/4. R.P.M. : 16-80 m/min SIZE BOX :1 BEAM CREEL : 12 VOLTAGE/FREQUENCY : 400V/50Hz CONTROLED VOLTAGE : 20V/Dc MAIN FUSE : 20 A WORKING WIDTH : 2200mm
Squeezing roller Measuring roller Cylinder roller Leasing rod Weavers beam. Important parameters i. Viscosity of Size Paste The viscosity of the size paste is mainly influenced by the concentration (solid content) and temperature of size paste. Higher concentration implies higher viscosity. Viscosity of size paste reduces with the increase of temperature. The wet pick-up generally increases with the increase in viscosity. Viscosity also determines the penetration of size paste within the yarn structure. If more penetration is desired then viscosity should be lowered and vice versa ii. Squeezing Pressure The squeeze pressure forces out the excess paste picked up by the warp sheet. Besides, the pressure distributes the paste uniformly over the yarn surface and causes size penetration within the yarn structure. Higher squeeze pressure reduces the wet pick-up and add-on%
iii. Hardness of Top Squeeze Roll
The bottom squeezing roller is made up of stainless steel. The top squeezing roller is having a metallic core part which is covered with synthetic material. If the hardness of the top roller is low, then there will be flattening of the roller. Thus the contact area increases which effectively reduces the pressure acting at the nip zone. Therefore, the size pick-up increases. In contrast, harder rollers give sharper nip and lower wet pick-up. The shore hardness of the top roller is around 45. iv. Speed of Sizing
Speed of sizing also influences the wet pick-up by the warp sheet.
Higher speed reduces the residence time of the yarn within the paste which should reduce the wet pick-up. Higher speed increases the drag force between the warp sheet and size paste which should induce more flow of paste with the warp sheet. Higher speed reduces the time of squeezing which should increase the wet pick-up.
The speed of sizing will influence the wet pick-up based on the preponderance of the aforesaid factors. In modern sizing machine, the practical speed can be around 100 m/min. Though machine manufactures claim that the speed can be as high as 150 m/min.
Other ingredients TRO Turkey red oil Gypsum Calcium carbonate Tinobal blue Titanium oxide
TYPES OF SIZING
Sizing may be classified into four types on the basis of size% on the yarn. 1. Light sizing : 10% - 15% 2. Pure sizing :16% - 25% 3. Medium sizing : 26% -50% 4. Heavy sizing : 50%- 100%
SIZING CALCULATIONS Warp weight (in kg) = length in meter X 1.094 X total ends / 840 X 2.204 X warp count Size pick up% = sized warp weight unsized warp weight / unsized warp weight X 100 Weight of size = warp weight X size pick up %.
