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Tutorial 1

Using composites, shape optimization, and new alloys.

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Azoz Bubi
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52 views

Tutorial 1

Using composites, shape optimization, and new alloys.

Uploaded by

Azoz Bubi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Tutorial 1

Introduction to Material Science (I)


Material Science and Material
Engineering
• Material science is the investigation of
relationships between structures and properties
of materials.

• Material engineering is designing the structure


of a material to obtain a required set of
properties.
Structure and Properties
• Structure: Arrangements of Property
Structure
the internal components.
Mechanical
Subatomic
• Property: A material trait with (electrons or
protons or
respect to an external stimuli. neutrons)
Thermal

Atomic (atoms or
molecules) Electrical

Magnetic
Micro (groups of
atoms)

Optical

Macro (viewable
with naked eye)
Deteriorative
Discipline of Material Engineering

Processing Structure

Performance Properties
Discipline of Material Engineering
(Cont’d)
Properties depend on structure and processing can change
structure
Selection Criteria

Properties

Deterioration

Cost
Classification of Materials

Solid materials

Semi- Future
Metal Ceramic Polymer Composite Biomaterial
conductor Materials
Metals
Ceramics
Polymers
Microstructure and Properties
• Microstructure helps in determining the material
properties.

• The atomic bonding type is an indication of the


melting point of a material.

• On a larger scale the microstructure of a polycrystal


determines the mechanical properties.

• The chemical properties are dominated by material


composition.
Materials: The Milestones of Progress
• Civilizations have been named
based on the level of their
materials development –
Stone age, Bronze age etc.
Questions
1. State reasons why metals have dominated the
20th century as a material class.

2. How can weight be saved in the aviation or


automotive industry without losing strength?
State 6-10 reasons why metals have dominated
the 20th century as a material class
• Mechanical properties • Recyclable

• Thermal properties • Easy to extract

• Electrical properties • Easy to mix together

• Magnetic properties • Important factor in some


composites and ceramics
• Abundance
• Corrosion resistance?
• Low cost
How can weight be saved in the aviation or
automotive industry without losing strength?
• Using new high strength and/or low density
material.

• Dual phase steel

• Maraging steel

• Titanium alloys

• Magnesium and aluminum alloys

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