Vax Consultants Pvt. Ltd.

, Construction of Grade Separator @ Medavakkam

Foundation & Structural Engineers Detailed Design Calculations for Pier Group - pd3

DESIGN OF PIER CAP BEAM

(R1 + R5) R2 + R6
Section 2 - 2: Critical Section for Shear Section 1 - 1: Critical Section for flexural & Shear Design

750 1040
1750

1.050 150

0.65 2.75 0.4890 1.7720

0.375
3.775 2.00

Shear Span, to verify for corbal action, a = 3.125 m

Effective Depth at Critical Section, d = 1.640 m
DESIGN OF PIER CAP BEAM: Ratio, a/d = 1.905 < 1.00
Diameter of Column Pier = 2 m IT IS A SIMPLE CANTIMLEVER BEAM
Side of Square of Equal Area of CS = 1.7720 m Structural Design is accordingly done below
Width of Pier Cap Beam = 2300 mm
Flexural Span of Pier Cap Baem = 3.125 mm
At Section 1 - 1 At Section 2 - 2
BM Due to Self Weight of Pier Cap Beam = 449.49 kNm BM Due to Self Weight of Pier Cap Beam = 26.83 kNm Congestion Factor: 1.15
Shear Due to Self Weight of Pier Cap = 275.64 kN Shear Due to Self Weight of Pier Cap = 54.03 kN

Pedestal Loads, VLL Reactions are with Impact Effects Design Forces at Section 1 - 1 Design Forces at Section 2 - 2

Details Equivalent Total BM at Equivalent Shear Equivalent Equivalent Shear

Torsion, (R1 + Torsion, (R2 + Bending Total Design Bending Total BM at Total Design
R1 + R5 R2 + R6 BM due to Critical Force due to BM due to Force due to
R5) R6) Moment Shear Force Moment Critical Section Shear Force
Torsion Section Torsion Torsion Torsion

Units kN kNm kN kNm kNm kNm kNm kN kN kNm kNm kNm kN kN

Self Weight of Pier Beam 449.490 275.641 26.833 54.025
Super- structure Dead Load 831.200 0.000 755.800 0.000 3061.839 0.000 3061.839 0.000 1587.000 332.480 0.000 332.480 0.000 831.200
Super Imposed DL, other than w/c 150.320 0.000 4.380 0.000 489.028 0.000 489.028 0.000 154.700 60.128 0.000 60.128 0.000 150.320
Load due to wearing Coat, w/c 37.420 0.000 37.420 0.000 139.502 0.000 139.502 0.000 74.840
Reactions due to Braking Loads
Due to VLL Case 1 5.164 0.000 5.164 0.000 19.253 0.000 19.253 0.000 10.329 2.066 0.000 2.066 0.000 5.164
Due to VLL Case 2 5.862 0.000 5.862 0.000 21.852 0.000 21.852 0.000 11.723 2.345 0.000 2.345 0.000 5.862
Due to VLL Case 3 3.615 0.000 3.615 0.000 13.477 0.000 13.477 0.000 7.230 1.446 0.000 1.446 0.000 3.615
Due to VLL Case 4 4.312 0.000 4.312 0.000 16.076 0.000 16.076 0.000 8.625 1.725 0.000 1.725 0.000 4.312
Due to VLL Case 5 2.789 0.000 2.789 0.000 10.397 0.000 10.397 0.000 5.578 1.116 0.000 1.116 0.000 2.789
Due to VLL Case 6 5.578 0.000 5.578 0.000 20.793 0.000 20.793 0.000 11.155 2.231 0.000 2.231 0.000 5.578
Due to VLL Case 7 6.275 0.000 6.275 0.000 23.393 0.000 23.393 0.000 12.550 2.510 0.000 2.510 0.000 6.275

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Vax Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Construction of Grade Separator @ Medavakkam
Foundation & Structural Engineers Detailed Design Calculations for Pier Group - pd3

DESIGN OF PIER CAP BEAM

Pedestal Loads, VLL Reactions are with Impact Effects Design Forces at Section 1 - 1 Design Forces at Section 2 - 2

Details Equivalent Total BM at Equivalent Shear Equivalent Equivalent Shear

Torsion, (R1 + Torsion, (R2 + Bending Total Design Bending Total BM at Total Design
R1 + R5 R2 + R6 BM due to Critical Force due to BM due to Force due to
R5) R6) Moment Shear Force Moment Critical Section Shear Force
Torsion Section Torsion Torsion Torsion
Units kN kNm kN kNm kNm kNm kNm kN kN kNm kNm kNm kN kN
VLL one side
VLL Case 1 531.657 159.497 510.462 153.139 1971.649 323.830 2295.479 217.486 1259.604 212.663 93.822 306.484 110.954 642.611
VLL Case 2 524.895 157.468 513.383 154.015 1951.175 322.636 2273.811 216.684 1254.962 209.958 92.628 302.586 109.543 634.438
VLL Case 3 401.212 120.364 435.804 130.741 1512.632 260.096 1772.728 174.682 1011.698 160.485 70.802 231.287 83.731 484.943
VLL Case 4 394.450 118.335 438.725 131.618 1492.158 258.902 1751.060 173.880 1007.055 157.780 69.609 227.389 82.320 476.770
VLL Case 5 383.031 114.909 8.683 2.605 1244.881 121.722 1366.602 81.749 473.462 153.212 67.594 220.806 79.937 462.967
VLL Case 6 399.752 119.925 253.897 76.169 1418.949 203.116 1622.065 136.414 790.062 159.901 70.544 230.445 83.426 483.178
VLL Case 7 392.990 117.897 256.807 77.042 1398.470 201.919 1600.389 135.610 785.406 157.196 69.351 226.547 82.015 475.005
VLL - Both sides
VLL Case 1 719.429 103.165 645.449 112.643 2645.850 223.535 2869.385 150.127 1515.005 287.771 60.686 348.457 71.767 791.196
VLL Case 2 705.157 103.390 653.787 111.894 2603.702 222.992 2826.694 149.762 1508.706 282.063 60.817 342.880 71.923 777.080
VLL Case 3 446.775 106.695 464.508 122.130 1674.247 237.018 1911.264 159.182 1070.465 178.710 62.762 241.472 74.222 520.997
VLL Case 4 432.515 106.916 472.846 121.381 1632.135 236.471 1868.607 158.815 1064.176 173.006 62.891 235.897 74.376 506.891
VLL Case 5 745.867 6.058 17.193 0.052 2424.269 6.329 2430.597 4.250 767.310 298.347 3.564 301.910 4.214 750.081
VLL Case 6 779.907 5.879 490.924 5.061 2766.177 11.332 2777.509 7.610 1278.441 311.963 3.458 315.421 4.090 783.997
VLL Case 7 765.647 6.100 499.238 4.312 2724.055 10.785 2734.840 7.243 1272.128 306.259 3.588 309.847 4.243 769.890
1.35 x Self Wt. + 1.35 x (Girder Load + SDIL) + 1.75 x w/c 5644.61 2854.38 566.25 1397.99
Maximum (1.15 x Braking Force + 1.5 x VLL, including Impact Effects) 4330.98 2286.94 525.57 1194.01
Total Design Value 9975.59 5141.32 1091.82 2592.00
SECTION DESIGN AT 1 - 1
FLEXURAL DESIGN:
2
Thus, design Factored BM = 9975.589 kNm Provided Tensile Steel, A st provided = 19292 mm
Design Factored Shear Force = 5141.319 kN SAFE, PROVIDED STEEL IS ADEQUATE
Concrete M 35 pt provided = 0.511 %
Steel Fe 500 Limiting Depth of Neutral axis, x u,limit = 748 mm
Design Factored BM = 9975.589 kNm Assumed xu = 305 mm
2
Strength of Concrete = 35 N/mm ξ st = 0.015319672
2 2
Strength of Steel = 500 N/mm f st = 434.8 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm x u check = 287.85 mm
Diameter of Ties = 12 mm Check 1 xu,actual is less than xulimit, hence design is safe
Diameter of Main Steel = 32 mm M ur = 12752.25 kNm
No. of Layers = 2 No. Check 2 = ULTIMATE MOMENT RESISTANCE IS MORE THAN ULTIMATE MOMENT, HENCE SAFE
Effective Cover = 110 mm
Effective Depth = 1640 mm Diameter of Com. Steel = 16 mm
2
M u /bd 2 = 1.613 N/mm Provide, @ bottom = 12 No.
2
Percentage Steel required = 0.452 % Compression Steel, A sc = 2411.52 mm
Minimum steel required = 0.2 % pc provided = 0.063932131 %
2
Steel required = 17037 mm d' = 70 mm
Required No. of bars = 22 No.
Provide, @ Top = 24 No.

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Vax Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Construction of Grade Separator @ Medavakkam
Foundation & Structural Engineers Detailed Design Calculations for Pier Group - pd3

DESIGN OF PIER CAP BEAM

SHEAR DESIGN:
Elements not requiring Shear Reinforcement are when Design Shear Resistance, V RD.c >V ED , Shear Reinforcement need not be provided
V RD.C = {0.12 x K x (80 x ρ 1 x f ck ) 0.33 + 0.15 x σ cp } b w x d
subject to a minimum of {ν min + 0.15 x σ cp } b w x d

K = 1+(200/d) 0.5 where d is effective depth in mms

ρ1 = A sl /(b w x d) it shall not be more than 0.02
A sl = Effective Tensile Steel
f ck = Characteristic Compressive Strength of concrete, N/mm2
σ cp = N ed /A c and shall not limited to 0.2 x fcd
N ed = Applied longitudinal force due to loading or prestress (Compressive force shall be taken as positive)
Ac = Cross Sectional Area of Concrete
f cd = Design Value of Concrete Compressive Strength = 0.67 x f ck /ϒ m
d = Effective Depth of member V RD.s = (A sw x z x f ywd x cot θ) / s
bw = Width of Web of Member No. of Shear Legs = 12 Nos.
2
Detailed calculations are given below: A sw = 1356.48 mm
Design Shear Force = 5141.3 kN z = 1476 mm
2
Nominal Shear Stress = 1.4 N/mm f ywd = 0.8 x f ywk N/mm 2
2 2
t max , as per Table 20 of IS:456 = 3.50 N/mm = 400 N/mm
SECTION IS ADEQUATE Cot θ = 1
Refer Clause 10.3.2 of IRC:112-2011 for determining Shear Strength of flexuarlly reinforced concrete members s x V RD.s = 800865792 N. mm
N ed = 0 kN Try a spacing, s = 200 mm
2
Ac = 3772000 mm V RD.s = 4004 kN
2
σ cp = 0 N/mm V RD. Max = α cw x b w x z x ν 1 x f cd /(cot θ + tan θ)
Partial Safety Factor on Concrete, ϒ m = 1.5 α cw = 1
2
f cd = 0.67 x f ck /ϒ m N/mm bw = 2300 mm
= 15.63 z = 1476 mm
2 2
0.2 x f cd = 3.127 N/mm ν1 = 0.6 N/mm
2
σ cp shall be least of N ED /A c or 0.2f cd f cd = 15.6333333 N/mm
2
Hence, σ cp = 0 N/mm (cot θ + tan θ) = 1
K = 1 + (200/d) 0.5 V RD. max = 31843.22 kN
= 1.3492 V RD = 4004.33 kN
2
ν = 0.390 N/mm Condition = SAFE
ν min = 0.031 x K 3/2 x f ck 1/2 Min. Shear Steel Ratio, ρ min = 0.072 x (f ck ) 0.5 /f yk
2
= 0.287 N/mm = 0.00085
2
Shear Strength of Concrete = 0.390 N/mm = A sw /(s x b sin (a))
V RD.c = 1469.95 kN Hence, minimum s, with specified legs and dia. = 692 mm
Shear reinforcement is required PROVIDED SPACING IS LESS THAN MINIMUM, HENCE OKAY
Design Shear Force = 3671.4 kN A sw, max x f ywd /(b w x s) = 1.18
0.5 x α cw x ν 1 x f cd = 4.69
Check
A swmax x f ywd /(b w x s) < 0.5 x α cw x ν 1 x f cd = Condition as per Eq 10.10 satisfied, hence safe

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Vax Consultants Pvt. Ltd., Construction of Grade Separator @ Medavakkam
Foundation & Structural Engineers Detailed Design Calculations for Pier Group - pd3

DESIGN OF PIER CAP BEAM

SECTION DESIGN AT 2 - 2
FLEXURAL DESIGN:
Design Factored BM = 1091.817 kNm σ cp shall be least of N ED /A c or 0.2f cd
2
Design Factored Shear Force = 2591.996 kN Hence, σ cp = 0.00 N/mm
Concrete M 35 K = 1 + (200/d) 0.5
Steel Fe 500 = 1.4638
2
Design Factored BM = 1091.817 kNm ν = 0.510 N/mm
2 3/2 1/2
Strength of Concrete = 35 N/mm ν min = 0.031 x K x f ck
2 2
Strength of Steel = 500 N/mm = 0.325 N/mm
2
Clear Cover = 50 mm Shear Strength of Concrete = 0.510 N/mm
Diameter of Ties = 12 mm V RD.c = 1090.3 kN
Diameter of Main Steel = 32 mm Shear reinforcement is required
No. of Layers = 2 No. Design Shear Force = 1501.7 kN
Effective Cover = 110 mm V RD.s = (A sw x z x f ywd x cot θ) / s
Effective Depth = 930 mm No. of Shear Legs = 12 Nos.
2 2
M u /bd 2 = 0.549 N/mm A sw = 1356.48 mm
Percentage Steel required = 0.148 % z = 836.689655 mm
Minimum steel required = 0.2 % f ywd = 0.8 x f ywk N/mm 2
2 2
Steel required = 4276 mm = 400 N/mm
Required No. of bars = 5 No. Cot θ = 1
Provide, @ Top = 24 No. s x V RD.s = 453981113 N. mm
2
Provided Tensile Steel, A st provided = 19292 mm Try a spacing, s = 175 mm
p t provided = 0.902 % V RD.s = 2594 kN
Limiting Depth of Neutral axis, x u,limit = 424 mm V RD. Max = α cw x b w x z x ν 1 x f cd /(cot θ + tan θ)
Assumed x u = 319 mm α cw = 1
ξ st = 0.006699978 bw = 2300 mm
2
f st = 434.8 mm z = 836.689655 mm
2
x u check = 287.85 mm ν1 = 0.6 N/mm
2
Check 1 xu,actual is less than xulimit, hence design is safe f cd = 15.6333333 N/mm
M ur = 6793.71 kNm (cot θ + tan θ) = 1
Check 2 ULTIMATE MOMENT RESISTANCE IS MORE THAN ULTIMATE MOMENT, HENCE SAFE V RD. max = 18050.74 kN
SHEAR DESIGN: V RD = 2594.18 kN
Design Shear Force = 2592.0 kN Condition = SAFE
2
Nominal Shear Stress = 1.2 N/mm Min. Shear Steel Ratio, ρ min = 0.072 x (f ck ) 0.5 /f yk
2
t max , as per Table 20 of IS:456 = 3.50 N/mm = 0.00085
SECTION IS ADEQUATE = A sw /(s x b sin (a))
Refer Clause 10.3.2 of IRC:112-2011 for determining Shear Strength of flexuarlly reinforced concrete members Hence, minimum s, with specified legs and dia. = 692 mm PROVIDED SPACING IS LESS THAN MINIMUM, HENCE OKAY
N ed = 0 kN A sw, max x f ywd /(b w x s) = 1.69
2
Ac = 2138206.897 mm 0.5 x α cw x ν 1 x f cd = 4.69
2
σ cp = 0 N/mm Check
Partial Safety Factor on Concrete, ϒ m = 1.5 A swmax x f ywd /(b w x s) < 0.5 x α cw x ν 1 x f cd Condition as per Eq 10.10 satisfied, hence safe
2
f cd = 0.67 x f ck /ϒ m N/mm
= 15.633
2
0.2 x f cd = 3.127 N/mm

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