Beam Design - 2020

Beam Design_2020
Design of Steel Beam

2. Laterally Unsupported Beam
1. Shear Stress, Fv = 0.40Fy
𝟐𝟎𝟎𝐛𝐟 𝟏𝟑𝟕𝟗𝟎𝟎
Web: fv = V / dtw 𝐋𝐜 = 𝐋𝐮 =
Horizontal Shear: fv = VQ / Ib √𝐅𝐲 𝐅𝐲 𝐝
𝐛𝐟 𝐭 𝐟
2. Deflection Lb = Unbraced Length of the beam
a. When Lb ≤ Lc , Use Fb = 0.66Fy

3. Bending Stress, Fb
fb = Mc/ I
b. When Lc > Lb ≥ Lu , Use Fb = 0.60Fy
=M/S
Values of Fb:
c. When Lb > Lu, then Check the
1. Laterally Supported Beam
following
a. When Compact Section
𝐛𝐟 𝟏𝟕𝟎 c.1. If
< 𝟕𝟎𝟑𝟐𝟕𝟎𝐂𝐛 𝐋𝐛 𝟑𝟓𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟑𝟎𝐂𝐛
𝟐𝐭 𝐟 √𝐅𝐲 √ < <√
Use: Fb = 0.66 Fy 𝐅𝐲 𝐫𝐭 𝐅𝐲
Cb = 1.0, for simply supported and cantilever
Use Fb = max { Fb1; Fb2; Fb = 0.60Fy }
𝐋 𝟐
𝟐 𝐅𝐲 ( 𝐫𝐛 )
𝐭
𝐅𝐛𝟏 = −
𝟑 𝟏𝟎. 𝟓𝟓𝐱𝟏𝟎𝟔 𝐂𝐛
𝟖𝟐𝟕𝟒𝟎𝐂𝐛
𝐅𝐛𝟐 =
𝐋𝐛 𝐝
b. When Partially Compact 𝐛𝐟 𝐭 𝐟
𝐛𝐟 𝟏𝟕𝟎 𝟐𝟓𝟎
> <
𝟐𝐭 𝐟 √𝐅𝐲 √𝐅𝐲 c.2. If
Use:
𝟕𝟎𝟑𝟐𝟕𝟎𝐂𝐛 𝐋𝐛 𝟑𝟓𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟑𝟎𝐂𝐛
𝐅𝐛 = [𝟎. 𝟕𝟗 − 𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟕𝟔𝟐(𝐛𝐟 /𝟐𝐭 𝐟 )√𝐅𝐲 ] √ < >√
𝐅𝐲 𝐫𝐭 𝐅𝐲
c. When Non Compact Use Fb = max { Fb3; Fb2; Fb = 0.60Fy }

𝐛𝐟 𝟐𝟓𝟎
> 𝟏𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟏𝟎𝟎𝐂𝐛 𝟖𝟐𝟕𝟒𝟎𝐂𝐛
𝟐𝐭 𝐟 √𝐅𝐲 𝐅𝐛𝟑 = − 𝐅𝐛𝟐 =
Use: Fb = 0.60 Fy 𝐋 𝟐 𝐋𝐛 𝐝
( 𝐫𝐛 ) 𝐛𝐟 𝐭 𝐟
{ 𝐭 }
Prepared by: ES Torrico, Jr.

Beam Design_2020
Problem 9 CE Board May 2015

Given the properties of a girder made of Wide Flange: A = 11,500mm 2, d = 350mm, bf = 250mm, tf = 16mm,
tw = 10mm, Ix = 266x106mm4, Iy = 45x106mm4. The steel Fy = 248MPa and E = 200GPa, Fb = 148MPa, Fv =
99MPa.
1. What is the flexural capacity of the girder?
2. Find the web shear capacity
3. How much is the horizontal shear capacity at the neutral axis?
Answer: 225kN-m, 346.5kN, 331.5kN

A W350x90 girder 8m simple span carries equal concentration dead load P at every quarter points and
uniform dead load 5kN/m and live load 7.2kN/m including dead weight. The steel Fy = 248MPa and E =
200GPa.Properties of the Wide Flange: A = 11,500mm2, d = 350mm, bf = 250mm, tf = 16mm, tw = 10mm,
Ix = 266x106mm4, Iy = 45x106mm4.
1. Determine P based on flexure, Fb = 0.66Fy.
2. Determine P based on shear, Fv = 0.40Fy
3. Determine the additional live load based on allowable deflection span/360 for the camber to offset
for the dead load
Answer: 37.8kN, 198.9kN, 14.97kN/m
Problem 11 CE Board Nov 2015

A Wide flange girder 9m simple span carries two beams, each including equal concentration P at third
points of the span. The steel Fb = 164MPa, Fv = 99MPa and E = 200GPa.Properties of the Wide Flange: A =
12,500mm2, d = 465mm, bf = 193mm, Ix = 446x106mm4, Iy = 23x106mm4.
1. Determine P based on flexure capacity.
2. Determine P based on shear capacity
3. Determine the required width of the cover plate based on bending if the cover plates are placed at
the top and the bottom of the girder with a thickness of 16mm. P = 180kN.
Answer: 105kN, 506.4kN, 200mm

Beam Design_2020

A W460x97 beam BF as shown 8m carries superimposed dead load
2m 2m 2m
5kPa and live load 3.6kPa. The steel Fy = 248MPa and E = A B C D
2
200GPa.Properties of the Wide Flange: A = 1,2320mm , d = 465mm,
bf = 193mm, tf = 19mm, tw = 11mm, Ix = 445x106mm4, Iy =
23x106mm4. Radius of gyration comprising the compression flange 10m
plus 1/3 of the compression web area of compression flange =
50mm. Consider bending about the x-axis, determine
E F G H
1. Maximum bending stress in the beam BF.
2. Biggest distance between lateral supports so that the
maximum allowable flexural stress can be utilized.
3. Permissible flexural stress if Cb = 1.0 and compression flanges are laterally supported only at the
mid-span.
Answer: 118.55MPa, 2.45m, 130.5MPa
Bending of Beam in Two Direction

Applicable to purlins and beams subjected to normal and tangential loads
𝒇𝒃𝒙 𝒇𝒃𝒚
+ = 𝟏. 𝟎 𝑰𝒏𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏 𝑭𝒐𝒓𝒎𝒖𝒍𝒂
𝑭𝒃𝒙 𝑭𝒃𝒚
𝒇𝒃 = 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒃𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔, 𝑭𝒃 = 𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔

𝑴𝒙 𝑴𝒚 𝑴𝒚
𝒇𝒃𝒙 = , 𝒇𝒃𝒚 = , 𝒇𝒃𝒚 = , 𝒊𝒇 𝒍𝒐𝒂𝒅 𝒊𝒔 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒂𝒕 𝒕𝒉𝒆 𝒇𝒍𝒂𝒏𝒈𝒆
𝑺𝒙 𝑺𝒚 𝑺𝒚 /𝟐
Problem 13 CE Board Nov 2012

A Wide flange is to be used as bridge crane runway girder. The girder is on a 80kN
simple span of 6m. Assume that the crane wheel impacts a vertical load of 80kN
and a lateral load of 8kN at the mid-span applied at the top flange of the girder. A 8kN
standard rail weighing 67kg/m will be used. Assume top flange is not laterally
braced between supports. The steel Fbx = 207MPa, Fby = 238MPa and E =
200GPa.Properties of the Wide Flange: Sx = 1280x103mm3, Sy = 361x103mm3.
1. Determine bending stress about the x-axis.
2. Determine bending stress about the y-axis.
3. Determine the ratio of the actual to allowable stresses bending.
Answer: 96.07MPa, 66.48MPa, 0.743

Beam Design_2020

A light grade steel channel was used as a purlin of a truss. The distances
between trusses equal to 3m. The purlin has a weight of 71N/m and spaced 1.2
1.2m on centers. The dead load including the roof materials is 1200Pa, live 1.2
load of 1000Pa and wind load of 1440Pa. Coefficient of pressure at leeward
1
and windward are 0.60 and 0.20 respectively. Sag rods are placed at the 3
middle thirds and Fbx= Fby = 138MPa, Sx = 4.48x104mm3, Sy = 1.18x104mm3.
Using interaction formula, determine
1. Maximum ratio of actual to allowable bending stress for combination
of Dead load and Live load.
Wu Wu
2. Maximum ratio of actual to allowable
bending stress for combination of L L L L L
0.75(D+L+W). 1/40
3. Maximum ratio of actual to allowable
bending stress for combination of Dead
load and Live load if sag rods are placed -1/8
at mid-span.
Answer: 0.48, 0.41, 0.62

Beam Design - 2020

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Beam Design_2020

Design of Steel Beam

a. When Lb ≤ Lc , Use Fb = 0.66Fy

c. When Non Compact Use Fb = max { Fb3; Fb2; Fb = 0.60Fy }

Prepared by: ES Torrico, Jr.

Problem 9 CE Board May 2015

Problem 10 CE Board May 2010

Problem 11 CE Board Nov 2015

Prepared by: ES Torrico, Jr.

Problem 12 CE Board May 2016

Bending of Beam in Two Direction

𝒇𝒃 = 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒃𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔, 𝑭𝒃 = 𝒂𝒍𝒍𝒐𝒘𝒂𝒃𝒍𝒆 𝒃𝒆𝒏𝒅𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒕𝒓𝒆𝒔𝒔

Problem 13 CE Board Nov 2012

Prepared by: ES Torrico, Jr.

Problem 14 CE Board May 2010

Prepared by: ES Torrico, Jr.

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