Overall Requirements 1. Scope: Applicable Gazette Notification Under CMVR
Overall Requirements 1. Scope: Applicable Gazette Notification Under CMVR
Overall Requirements 1. Scope: Applicable Gazette Notification Under CMVR
OVERALL REQUIREMENTS
1. Scope
1.1. This Part applies to the tailpipe emission of vehicles equipped with spark ignition
engines (Petrol, CNG and LPG) and compression ignition engines (Diesel) for all
M & N Category vehicles with GVW upto 3.5 tons for Bharat Stage IV.
1.1.1 Refer Chapter 16 of this part for tailpipe emission of Hybrid Electric vehicles.
1.2. The method of test for mass emission given in this Part may also be used at the
manufacturer's option for compression ignition engine vehicles wherever
applicable with Gross Vehicle Weight (GVW) not exceeding 3500 kg, instead of
Part XV.
1.3. This Part should be read in conjunction with applicable Gazette Notification under
CMVR for which the vehicle is subjected to test.
2. Definitions:
2.1. Spark Ignition Engine: Means an internal combustion engine in which the
combustion of the air/fuel mixture is initiated at given instants by a hot spot,
usually an electric spark.
2.3. Idle Speed: Means the engine rate, in revolution per minute, with fuel system
controls (accelerator and choke) in the rest position, transmission in neutral and
clutch engaged in the case of vehicles with manual or semiautomatic
transmission, or with selector in park or neutral position when an automatic
transmission is installed, as recommended by the manufacturer.
2.15. Engine capacity means: For reciprocating piston engines, the nominal engine
swept volume.
2.16. Anti pollution device: means those components of the vehicles that control and
/ or limit tail pipe and evaporative emissions.
2.17. OBD an on-board diagnostic system for emission control which has the
capability of identifying the likely area of malfunction by means of fault codes
stored in computer memory.
2.18. Type Approval of a vehicle: Means the type approval of a vehicle model with
regard to the limitation of tailpipe emissions from the vehicles.
2.19. Vehicle Model: Means a category of power-driven vehicles which do not differ
in such essential respects as the equivalent inertia determined in relation to the
reference weight of engine and vehicle characteristics which effects the vehicular
emission and listed in Chapter 2 of this Part.
2.20. Vehicle for Type Approval Test: Means the fully built vehicle incorporating
all design features for the model submitted by the vehicle manufacturer.
2.22. Hybrid Vehicle (HV) means a vehicle with at least two different energy
converters and two different energy storage systems (on vehicle) for the purpose
of vehicle propulsion.
2.23. Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) means a vehicle that, for the purpose of
mechanical propulsion, draws energy from both of the following on-vehicle
sources of stored energy/power
• a consumable fuel
• an electrical energy/power storage device (e.g.: battery, capacitor, flywheel/
generator etc.)
2.24 Bi Fuel means a vehicle that can run part-time on petrol and also part-time on
either LPG or NG
2.25 Mono-fuel vehicle means a vehicle that is designed primarily for permanent
running on LPG or NG, but may also have a petrol system for emergency
3.1. The application for type approval of a vehicle model with regard to limitation of
its tailpipe emissions, evaporative emissions, durability of anti-pollution devices
as well as to its on-board diagnostic (OBD) system from the vehicles shall be
submitted by the vehicle manufacturer with a description of the engine and
vehicle model comprising all the particulars referred to in Chapter 2 of this Part.
3.3. For the tests described in Para 5 of this Chapter a vehicle representative of
vehicle type to be approved must be submitted to the / testing agency responsible
for the type-approval test.
4. Type Approval
If the vehicle submitted for type approval pursuant to these rules, meet the
requirements of Para 5 below, approval of that vehicle model shall be granted.
The approval of the vehicle model pursuant to this part shall be communicated to
the vehicle manufacturer and nodal agency by the testing agency in the form of
certificate of compliance to the CMVR, as envisaged in Rule-126 of CMVR.
5.1. General: The components liable to affect the tailpipe and evaporative emissions
of gaseous pollutants shall be so designed, constructed and assembled to enable
the vehicle, in normal use, despite the vibrations to which they may be subjected
to comply with the provisions of this rule.
5.2.2.3.1 Part One of the test cycle is made up of 4 elementary urban cycles.
Each elementary urban cycle comprises 15 phases (idling, acceleration,
steady speed, and deceleration).
5.2.2.3.2 Part Two of the test cycle is made up of one extra urban cycle. The
extra urban cycle comprises 13 phases (idling, acceleration, steady
speed, and deceleration).
5.2.2.4.During the test the exhaust gases shall be diluted with air and a
proportional sample collected in one or more bags. The contents of the
bags will be analysed at the end of the test. The total volume of the
diluted exhaust shall be measured. Carbon monoxide (CO), hydro
carbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide emissions (NOX), and in addition
particulate matter (PM) the case of vehicles equipped with compression
ignition engines shall be recorded. Carbon dioxide shall also be
recorded for the purpose of calculation of fuel consumption.
5.2.2.6.Subject to the provisions of the paragraphs 5.2.2.8 & 5.2.2.9, the test
shall be repeated three times, the test results shall be multiplied by
i. Only one test shall be performed if the result obtained for each
pollutant or the sum of values for pollutants in case of the limit is
so specified (e.g. HC+ NOx) is less than or equal to 0.7 L i.e. V1 ≤
0.70 L.
ii. If the requirements of 5.2.2.9.1 are not satisfied, only two tests are
performed, if for each pollutant or the sum of values for pollutants
in case of the limit is so specified (e.g. HC + NOx), the following
requirements are met. V1 ≤ 0.85 L and V1 + V2 ≤ 1.7 L and V2 ≤ <
L. Fig.1 depicts the scheme.
OR
5.2.6.2 At the request of the manufacturer, the testing agency may carry
out the Type I test before Type V test has been completed using
the deterioration factors given in Notification. On completion of
Type V test, the test agency may then amend the type-approval
6.1. Every modification in the essential characteristics of the vehicle model shall be
intimated by the vehicle manufacturer to the test agency which type approved the
vehicle model. The test agency may either
6.1.1. Consider that the vehicle with the modifications made may still
comply with the requirement, or require a further test to ensure further
compliance.
6.2. In case of 6.1.1 above, the testing agency shall extend the type approval covering
the modified specification or the vehicle model shall be subjected to necessary
tests. In case, the vehicle complies with the requirements, the test agency shall
extend the type approval.
6.3. Any changes to the procedure of PDI and running in concerning emission shall
also be intimated to the test agency by the vehicle manufacturer, whenever such
changes are carried out.
7. Model Changes
7.1 Type I & Type II test
7.1.2.2 For each of the transmission ratios used in the Type I Test,
it shall be necessary to determine the proportion,
E = (V2 - V1)/V1,
Where at engine speed of 1000 rev/min, V1 is the speed of the vehicle
model type approved and V2 is the speed of the vehicle model for which
extension of the approval is requested.
7.1.2.3 If for each gear ratio E ≤ 8%, the extension shall be granted
without repeating the Type I Tests.
7.1.2.4 If for at least one gear ratio, E > 8% and if for each gear
ratio E ≤ 13% the Type I test must be repeated, but may be
performed in laboratory chosen by the manufacturer subject
to the approval of the test agency granting type approval.
The report of the tests shall be submitted to the test agency
by the manufacturer.
7.1.4 Note: When a vehicle type has been approved in accordance with
the provisions of Para 7.1 to 7.3 above, such approval may not be
extended to other vehicle types.
7.1.5.1 the manufacturers shall inform the test agency The names
of suppliers of items such as ignition coil, magneto, CB
point, air filter, silencer, etc. mentioned above, that in
addition to carried out the type approval, the names of new
alternate suppliers for these items as and when they are
being introduced.
7.2.1.3 The shape of the fuel tank and the material of the fuel tank
and liquid fuel hoses must be identical. The worst-case of
family with regards to the cross-section and approximate
hose length must be tested. Whether non-identical
vapor/liquid separators are acceptable is decided by the
technical service responsible for the type-approval tests.
The fuel tank volume must be within a range of ± 10%. The
setting of the tank relief valve must be identical.
7.3.2 Engine:
• number of cylinders,
• engine capacity (± 15%),
• configuration of the cylinder block,
• number of valves,
• fuel system,
• type of cooling system,
• combustion process,
• cylinder bore center to center dimensions
7.3.4 Inertia category: the two inertia categories immediately above and
any inertia category below.
7.3.5 The durability test may be achieved by using a vehicle, the body
style, gear box (automatic or manual) and size of the wheels or
tyres of which are different from those of the vehicle type for
which the type approval is sought.
Approval granted to a vehicle type with respect to the OBD system may be
extended to different vehicle types belonging to the same vehicle-OBD family
as described in Chapter 13, Annex 3 or Chapter 14, Annex 2 as applicable.
The engine emission control system must be identical to that of the vehicle
already approved and comply with the description of the OBD engine family
given in Chapter 13, Annex 3 or Chapter 14, Annex 2 as applicable, regardless
of the following vehicle characteristics:
• engine accessories,
• tyres,
• equivalent inertia,
• cooling system,
• overall gear ratio,
• transmission type,
• type of bodywork.
8 Conformity of Production:
8.1 Every produced vehicle of the model approved under this rule shall conform,
with regard to components affecting the emission of gaseous pollutants by the
engine to the vehicle model type approved. The administrative procedure for
carrying out conformity of production is given in Part VI of this document.
However, when the period between commencement of production of a new
model and beginning of next rationalized COP period is less than two months,
the same would be merged with the rationalized COP period.
8.2 If a type I test is to be carried out and a vehicle type-approval has one or
several extensions, the tests will be carried out either on the vehicle described
in the initial information package or on the vehicle described in the
information package relating to the relevant extension.
8.4 Type I Test: Verifying the average emission of gaseous pollutants: For
verifying the conformity of production in a Type I Test, the following
procedure as per Option1 is adopted.
8.5 To verify the average tailpipe emissions of gaseous pollutants of low volume
vehicles with Annual production less than 250 per 6 months, manufacture can
choose from the Option 1 OR Option 2 as listed below:
8.6 Option 1
8.6.1 The vehicle samples taken from the series, as described in 8.1 is
subjected to the test described in Para 5.2.2 above. The results shall
be multiplied by the deterioration factors used at the time of type
approval and in the case of periodically regenerating systems the
results shall also be multiplied by the Ki factors obtained by the
procedure specified in Chapter 15 of Part XIV of this document at the
time when type approval was granted. The result masses of gaseous
emissions and in addition in case of vehicles equipped with
compression ignition engines, the mass of particulates obtained in
the test shall not exceed the applicable limits.
8.6.2 Procedure for Conformity of Production as per Bharat Stage IV for
all M and N Category vehicles upto 3.5 tons GVW.
8.6.2.1 Conformity of production shall be verified as per Bharat
Stage IV emission norms for 4 wheeler vehicles as given in
Para 5.2.2.7 and with the procedure given below.
8.6.2.2 To verify the average tailpipe emissions of gaseous
pollutants following procedure shall be adopted:
8.6.2.3 Minimum of three vehicles shall be selected randomly from
the series with a sample lot size as defined in part VI of
MoRTH/CMVR/TAP-115/116.
8.6.2.4 After selection by the authority, the manufacturer must not
undertake any adjustments to the vehicles selected, except
those permitted in Part VI.
8.6.2.5 All three randomly selected vehicles shall be tested
for a Type - I test as per Para 5.2.2 of chapter 1 of this part.
8.6.2.6 Let Xi1, Xi2 & Xi3 are the test results for the Sample
No.1, 2 & 3.
8.6.2.7 If the natural Logarithms of the measurements in the series
are X1, X2, X3 ........... Xj and Li is the natural logarithm of
the limit value for the pollutant, then define:
MoRTH / CMVR / TAP-115/116 (Issue 4) Page 883
dj = Xj – Li
8.6.2.10 Alternatively if the manufacturer wishes to run in the vehicles, (“x” km, where x
≤ 3000 km for vehicles equipped with a positive ignition engine and x ≤ 15000 km for
vehicles equipped with a compression ignition engine), the procedure will be as follows:
- the pollutant emissions (type I) will be measured at zero and at “x” km on
the first tested vehicle,
- the evolution coefficient of the emissions between zero and “x” km will be
calculated for each of the pollutants:
8.7.2.6 Only one test (V1) shall be performed if the test results for
all the pollutants meet 70 % of their respective limit values
(i.e. V1 ≤ 0.7L & L being the COP Limit)
8.7.2.7 Only two tests shall be performed if the first test results for
all the pollutants doesn’t exceed 85% of their respective
COP limit values (i.e. V1 ≤ 0.85L) and at the same time one
of these pollutant value exceeds 70% of the limit (i.e. V1 >
0.7L) In addition, to reach the pass decision for the series,
combined results of V1 & V2 shall satisfy such requirement
that : (V1 + V2 ) < 1.70L and V2 ≤ L for all the pollutants.
8.7.2.8 Third Type - I (V3) test shall be performed if the para 4.11
above doesn’t satisfy and if the second test results for all
pollutants are within the 110% of the prescribed COP
limits, Series passes only if the arithmetical mean for all the
pollutants for three type I tests doesn’t exceed their
respective limit value (i.e. (V1 + V2 + V3)/3 ≤ L)
8.7.2.11 Let X i2 & X i3 are the test results for the Sample
No.2 & 3 and Xi1 is the test result of the Sample No.1
which is the arithmetical mean for the three type - I tests
conducted on Sample No. 1
dj = Xj – Li
1 n
dn = ∑ d j
n j =1
1 n
∑
2
Vn = (d j − d n ) 2
n j =1
8.9 Type II Test: Carbon monoxide and Hydrocarbons emission at idling speed.
When the vehicle taken from the series for the first type I test mentioned in
8.2 Para above, subjected to the test described in Chapter 9 of this Part for
verifying the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon emission at idling speed
should meet the limit values specified in Para 5.2.3.2 above. If it does not,
another 10 vehicles shall be taken from the series at random and shall be
tested as per Chapter 9 of this Part. These vehicles can be same as those
selected for carrying out Type I test. Additional vehicles if required, shall be
selected for carrying out for Type II test. At least 9 vehicles should meet the
limit values specified in Para 5.2.3.2 above. Then the series is deemed to
conform.
8.10 For type III test is to be carried out, it must be conducted on all vehicles
selected for type I CoP test. (8.2.2.3). The conditions laid down in 5.2.4.2
must be complied with.
8.11 For type IV test is to be carried out, it must be conducted in accordance
with section 7 of chapter 11.
No No
Vi1≤1.1 Vi1≤0.85
Li
Yes
Yes
Type I Test (V2) Yes
Vi2≤Li & (Vi1+Vi2)<1.7 Li Series Pass
No
No
Vi2≤1.1
Li
Yes
Yes
Series Pass
Xi1 ≤
L
No
Test selected sample no. 2 & 3 for only
one type I test Informed to ministry with further
provision for Extended COP
Yes
Yes Does all the
All other points related to pollutant i
TSi ≤ pollutants pass
COP failure consequences to passes
be and finalised An
No
Yes Series Failed
TSi > Bn
Informed Nodal
Agency
Increase the sample size by one (max. up
to 32) and check only for the pollutants
which doesn’t meet the pass decision
Figure 3
OPTION II : COP Test Procedure as per Bharat Stage IV for 4-Wheelers