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Engineering Drawing: Muhammad Azfar Yaqub Jawad Mirza

This document provides an overview of different types of engineering drawings and projections used in engineering. It discusses parallel and perspective projections. Parallel projections include oblique and orthographic projections. Perspective projections can be linear, curvilinear, or multi-point. The document focuses on different types of parallel and perspective projections used in engineering drawings including one-point, two-point, three-point, cavalier, cabinet, orthographic, and multiview projections. Examples are provided to illustrate each type of projection.

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Shan Anwer
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© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
92 views

Engineering Drawing: Muhammad Azfar Yaqub Jawad Mirza

This document provides an overview of different types of engineering drawings and projections used in engineering. It discusses parallel and perspective projections. Parallel projections include oblique and orthographic projections. Perspective projections can be linear, curvilinear, or multi-point. The document focuses on different types of parallel and perspective projections used in engineering drawings including one-point, two-point, three-point, cavalier, cabinet, orthographic, and multiview projections. Examples are provided to illustrate each type of projection.

Uploaded by

Shan Anwer
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Engineering Drawing EEE-113

Lecture 2
Muhammad Azfar Yaqub
Jawad Mirza
• A Warrior of Light needs patience and speed
at the same time.
• The two biggest mistakes of a strategy are
a] to act prematurely
b] to let the opportunity pass by.
• To avoid making these mistakes, the warrior
copes with each situation as if it were unique,
and applies no formulas, prescriptions or the
opinions of others.
- Warrior of light by Paulo Cohelo
Lecture Contents:
• Projections & Views
• Projection types
• Practice
• Projection:
the production of a two-dimensional image of a three-
dimensional object

The projection is achieved by the use of imaginary


"projectors".
The projected, mental image becomes our vision of the
desired, finished picture…
• Projection types:
– Parallel projection
– Perspective projection
• Perspective projection
– Perspective projection is a type of projection
where three dimensional objects are not
projected along parallel lines, but along lines
emerging from a single point.
– This has the effect that distant objects appear
smaller than nearer objects.
– Natural
• Perspective projection
• Parallel projection
– In parallel projection, the lines of sight from the
object to the projection plane are parallel to each
other.
– Unnatural, made for our ease
• Parallel projections
• Parallel vs Perspective
• Parallel vs Perspective
• Types of Perspective projections
– Linear perspective
– Curvilinear perspective, etc
• Types of Perspective projections
– Linear perspective
– One point Perspective
– Two point Perspective
– Three point Perspective

– Curvilinear perspective, etc


• One point Perspective
• One point Perspective
• Two point Perspective
• Two point Perspective
• Three point Perspective
• Three point Perspective
• Types of Parallel projections
– Oblique projection
– Orthographic projection
• Types of Parallel projections
– Oblique projection
• Cavalier projection
• Cabinet projection

– Orthographic projection
• Oblique projection
– One plane of the image is set parallel to the plane of projection.
– This creates a true shape image of the chosen plane.
– but lengths along z-axis are drawn at angle using a reduction factor
• Types of oblique projection
• Cavalier projection
– Full depth, No Z-scaling
• Cabinet projection
– Half depth, 0.5 Z-scaling
• General projection
– Other depths, other Z-scaling
• Cavalier projection
– Cavalier means a horseman
– the way the things seen from high point
– Full depth, No Z-scaling.
– Gives correct perception of depth

• Cabinet projection
– Famous in furniture industry
– Was used in early video games
– Half depth, 0.5 Z-scaling
– Easily drawn on paper
• Types of Parallel projections
– Oblique projection
– Orthographic projection
• Types of Parallel projections
– Oblique projection

– Orthographic projection
• Multiview Projections
• Axonometric projection
• Orthographic projection (type of Parallel projection )

– The word comes from the Greek ὀρθός (orthos), meaning “straight”
– It is a form of parallel projection, where the view direction is orthogonal to the
projection plane
– Orthographic Projection gives us a very clear method of communicating ideas
and objects. It is a method that every engineer in the world recognizes.
Because of this we can reproduce any object drawn Orthographically.
• Multiview Projections (type of Orthographic projection )
– Multi-view simply means “multiple views”
– So we use several 2D views(pictures) of the object instead of a single
view
– As it is a type of Orthographic projection so this we need to make
these views at 90 degrees
– up to six pictures of an object are produced, with each projection
plane parallel to one of the coordinate axes of the object.
• Multiview Projections (type of Orthographic projection )
• Multiview Projections (type of Orthographic projection )

The Maximum 6 views:


• Multiview Projection Schemes
– first-angle projection
– third-angle projection
first-angle vs third-angle projection
first-angle vs third-angle projection

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