Mathematics 8

Quarter 1 – Module 1A
Factoring Polynomials

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written to help you discover the different techniques in
factoring polynomials completely. It was conceived on the premise that Mathematics
skills can be further developed, honed, and fixed through a variety of interesting,
meaningful and challenging activities. You are given the chance to use your previous knowledge and skill
in multiplying and dividing polynomials to answer all the given activities. The scope of this module allows
you to use it in many different learning situations.

The most essential learning competency/ies aligned in this module is/are the learner:

1. Factors completely different types of polynomials.(M8AL - Ia– b -1)

Primarily, the scope of this module is to develop your skill in factoring different types of polynomials.
While going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Factor the polynomials with greatest common monomial factor (GCMF);

2. Factor the difference of two squares and
3. Factor the sum and difference of two cubes.

What I Know
Let us determine how much you already know about factoring different types of
polynomials.

DIRECTION: Read and understand each item, then choose the letter of your answer and write it on your
answer sheets.

1. What is the Greatest Common Factor of 18 and 12?

A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
2. What is the GCF of 24, 32 and 40?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8
3. What is the GCF of 𝑥 8 and 𝑥 12
A. 𝑥 2 B. 𝑥 6 C. 𝑥 8 D. 𝑥 12
4. What is the GCF of 4𝑥 - 2𝑥 + 6x ?
3 2

A. 2x ( 2𝑥 2 – x + 3 ) C. 2x ( 2𝑥 2 + x - 3 )
B. 2x ( 2𝑥 + x + 3 )
2
D. 2x ( 2𝑥 2 – x - 3 )
5. What are the complete factors of the polynomial 9𝑥 2 − 9 ?
A. 9 (𝑥 2 – 1 ) B. 9 ( 9 - 𝑥 2 ) C. 9 ( x + 1 ) D. 𝑥 2 ( 9 – 1 )
6. What is the GCF of 𝑥 𝑦 ,𝑥 𝑦 , 𝑥 𝑦 , and 𝑥 𝑦 ?
4 7 2 9 6 5 8 11

A. 𝑥 3 𝑦 7 B. 𝑥 7 𝑦 9 C. 𝑥 2 𝑦 5 D. 𝑥 4 𝑦 9
7. What are the complete factors of 15𝑓 𝑔ℎ – 20𝑓 𝑔 ℎ ?
2 3 3 2 2

A. 5𝑓 2 𝑔3 ℎ2 ( 4ℎ -5𝑓𝑔 ) C. 5f 2 𝑔ℎ2 ( 3ℎ -4𝑓𝑔 )

B. 5𝑓 𝑔 ℎ ( 4ℎ -3𝑓𝑔 )
2 3 2
D. 3𝑓 2 𝑔3 ℎ2 ( 2ℎ -3𝑓𝑔 )
8. Which of the following is not a perfect cube?
A. 27 B. 125 C. 225 D. 216
9. Which of the following is a perfect square expression?
A. 16𝑎3 B. 12𝑎4 C. 16𝑎4 D. 12𝑎3
10. If one factor of the difference of two squares is x + 9, what is the other factor?
A. x – 3 B. 𝑥 4 + 3 C. x – 9 D.
 Lesson
Factoring by Greatest
1
Common Monomial Factor

WHAT’S IN
The first type of factoring that you are going to learn is finding the Greatest Common
Monomial Factor (GCMF).Recall the topic of special products and the statement of the
distributive property, “a (b+ c ) = ab + ac”.

Activity: GUESS WHO!

DIRECTION: Match the factors in column A with the products in column B to decode the Father of
Algebra.

Column A Column B
1. (𝑥 + 𝑦)2 W. 𝑥 2 + 18𝑋 + 81
2. (𝑥 + 9)2 B. 12𝑥 2 − 20𝑥
3. (3𝑎 − 2)2 A. 𝑥 2 − 25
4. 4𝑏(9 + 𝑏) M. 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
5. 5𝑐(𝑐 − 1) R. 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
6. (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑏) C. 9𝑎2 − 12𝑎 + 4
7. 𝑚(3𝑚 − 𝑛 ) L. 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 6
8. 4𝑥(3𝑥 − 5) I.36𝑏 + 4𝑏2
9. (𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 5) X. 2b-b
10. (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 3) Z. 5𝑐 2 − 5𝑐
11. (𝑥 − 𝑦)2 H. 3𝑚2 − 𝑚𝑛
12. 2(𝑏 − 1) D. 𝑎2 − 𝑏2
13. (𝑎 + 3)(𝑎 − 3) K. 𝑎2 − 9

ANSWER:
9 10 13 7 2 9 1 4 5 11 4
What’s New

At this point of the module, you are about to learn the Introduction to Factoring
Common Monomial. To understand better how to get, you will have to perform the
simple activity below.

Finding Common!

1.) 20 and 24
0 0
1 2 4
1 2 4 6 3
8
5 10 20 12 24

Common Factors: __, __, __ Greatest Common Factor: __

2.) 9 and 21
3 3 0 3 7

9 1 21 1

Common Factors: __, __ Greatest Common Factor: __

3.)
24, 36, and 40
0
8 5
8 3 9 4
40 1
1 24 6 12 3 36
2 20
4 12 2 1 18 2
4 10

Common Factors: __, __, __ Greatest Common Factor: __

What Is It
In order to find the solution of certain equations which are not linear, we need to study a
technique called factoring a polynomial. Factoring polynomials will also be useful in dealing
with algebraic fractions, since, as we have seen with arithmetic fractions, we must have the
fractions in a factored form to reduce or to find a common denominator.

The first type of factoring that we will do is finding the greatest common monomial factor (GCMF).

Study the illustrative examples on how factoring the greatest common monomial factor (GCMF) is being
done.

1. Factor 8𝑥 2 + 12x
Solution:
Step 1. Find the greatest common factor of the numerical coefficients.
8= 2. ∙ 2 ∙ 2

12 = 2. ∙ 2 ∙3
The GCF of 8 and 12 is 4.

Step 2. Find the variable with the least exponent that appears in each term of the polynomial.

𝑥2 = x . ∙ x

x =
x
The GCF of 𝑥 2 and x is x.

x is the common terms (8𝑥 2 + 12x) and 1 is the smallest exponent of x, thus, x is the GCF of the variables.

Step 3. Find the product of the GCF of the numerical coefficients and the variables.
4 . x = 4x
Step 4. To completely factor the polynomial, divide the polynomial by its GCF, the resulting quotient is
the other factor.

8𝑥 2 12𝑥 4𝑥 . 2𝑥 4𝑥 . 3
+ = + = 2x + 3
4𝑥 4𝑥 4𝑥 4𝑥
 Step 5. Write the complete factored form.
8𝑥 2 + 12x = 4x (2x + 3)

2. Factor 6a𝑏2 + 8𝑎2 𝑏 - 14𝑎3 𝑏2

Solution:

Step 1. Find the greatest common factor of the numerical coefficients.

6= 2 .3

8= 2 .2.2

14= .7
2
The GCF of 6, 8 and 14 is 2.

Step 2. Find the variable with the least exponent that appears in each term of the polynomial.

a 𝑏2 = a. b .b

𝑎2 𝑏 = a .a. b

𝑎3 𝑏2 = a . a . a . b . b
The GCF of a𝑏2 , 𝑎2 𝑏 , and 𝑎3 𝑏2 is ab.

Step 3. Find the product of the GCF of the numerical coefficients and the variables.

2 . ab = 2ab
Step 4. To completely factor the polynomial, divide the polynomial by its GCF, the resulting quotient
is the other factor.
2𝑎𝑏 . 3𝑏 2𝑎𝑏 . 4𝑎 2𝑎𝑏 .7𝑎2𝑏
+ - = 3b + 4a - 𝟕𝒂𝟐 b
2𝑎𝑏 2𝑎𝑏 2𝑎𝑏

Step 5. Write the complete factored form.

6a𝑏2 + 8𝑎2 𝑏 - 14𝑎3 𝑏2 = 2ab ( 3b + 4a - 𝟕𝒂𝟐 b )

The factoring process done in all examples can be checked by multiplying the factors. If
the original expression is obtained, then the factors are correct.

What’s More
Complete me!
Activity 1. Complete the Table to Practice factoring greatest common monomial
factor. Write your answer on your answer sheets.

Polynomial Greatest Common Quotient of Factored Form

Monomial Factor Polynomial and CMF
( CMF )
3x + 3y

6x + 3𝑥 2

14a - 28𝑎2 𝑏

8𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 − 4𝑥𝑦 3

9𝑥 2 𝑦 3 𝑧 4 + 12𝑥𝑦 4 𝑧 2 – 15xy𝑧 3
 Activity 2.
Word Problem!
You are making goodie bags for a party. You have 36 pieces of gum, 18 tootsie rolls and 9 sweetarts.
Each bag must have the same stuff in it. What is the greatest number of bags you can make?
Answer.______

What I Have Learned

Great! You have reached this part of the module. To ensure your full understanding on the
concepts related to factoring greatest common monomial factor, it’s important that you are
able to complete each statement below.

Activity: FILL ME!

Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct terms. Write your answer on your answer sheets.

1. 21𝑥𝑦 − 3𝑦 = ______(7𝑥 − 1)
2. 9𝑎 − 18𝑏 = 9(______)
3. −15𝑚2 𝑛 + 20𝑚𝑛2 = 5𝑚𝑛(_____)
4. 24𝑎2 − 20𝑎2 𝑏 + 30𝑎2 = ____(12 − 10𝑏 + 15)
5. 3𝑚 − 5𝑚𝑛 + 3𝑚 − 5𝑚2 = 𝑚(_____)
Questions:

1. How did you find the GCF given the remaining factors?

2. What did you discover in factoring GCMF?

Lesson
2 Factoring Difference of Two Squares

In this lesson, we are going to learn on how to factorize polynomials using the Difference of Two Squares.
For you to be well guided on this lesson, recall first the topics about perfect square and special product
of sum and difference of two terms in Grade 7.

What’s In

In order to use this factoring technique, we must be able to recognize perfect

squares. For example, 16, 𝑥 2 , 25𝑎2 are all perfect squares since,

16 = 4 . 4 = (4)2
We see from the examples that a perfect square is any
𝑥 2 = x . x = (𝑥)2 quantity which can be written as an exact square of a
rational quantity.
25𝑎2 = 5a . 5a = (5𝑎)2
Determine which of the following a perfect square is. Write P if it is a perfect square and N if it is not.
Write your answer on your answer sheets.

___ 1. 6 ___2. 9 ___3. 36𝑏2 ___4. 25𝑐 4 ___5. 49𝑑 3

What’s New
Direction: Find each product of each sum and difference of two squares. Write your
answer on your answer sheets.

1. ( a + 2 ) (a – 2 ) = _______
2. ( a + 3) (a – 3 ) = _______
3. ( a + 6) (a – 6 ) = _______
4. ( a + 8) (a – 8 ) = _______
5. ( a + 10 ) (a – 10 ) = _______

Questions:
1. What strategy did you use to find the sum and difference of two squares?
2. How did you discover the activity?
3. Have you noticed any pattern?

What Is It
Recall that;

(A – B) A + B) = 𝐴2 - 𝐵2

This pattern is used to factor binomials of the form 𝐴2 - 𝐵2 .

Example 1. Write 𝑥 2 – 25 in completely factored form.

The steps for factoring the difference of two squares is;
Step 1: Identify that you have a perfect square minus another perfect square.

𝑥 2 – 25

Step 2: Rewrite the problem as a first term squared minus a second term squared. ( first term )2 – (
second term )2

𝑥 2 – 25 = (𝑥)2 − (5)2

Step 3: Factor the problem into the first term plus the second term times the first term minus the
second term.

( first term + second term )( first term – second term )

( x + 5 )( x – 5 )

Therefore, the complete factored form of 𝑥 2 – 25 is;

𝑥 2 – 25 = (𝑥)2 − (5)2 = ( x + 5 )( x – 5 )

Example 2. Write 4𝑦 2 – 16𝑧 2 in completely factored form.

Step 1: Identify that you have a perfect square minus another perfect square.

4𝑦 2 – 16𝑧 2
Step 2: Rewrite the problem as a first term squared minus a second term squared. ( first term )2 – (
second term )2

4𝑦 2 – 16𝑧 2 = (2𝑦)2 − (4𝑧)2

Step 3: Factor the problem into the first term plus the second term times the first term minus the
second term.

( first term + second term )( first term – second term )

( 2y + 4z )( 2y – 4z )

Therefore, the complete factored form of 4𝑦 2 – 16𝑧 2 is;

4𝑦 2 – 16𝑧 2 = (2𝑦)2 − (4𝑧)2 = ( 2y + 4z )( 2y – 4z )

Example 3; Write 2𝑎𝑥 2 – 32 in completely factored form.

❖ At first sight, it appears like that the given binomial is not factorable using sum and difference of
two terms since the terms are not perfect squares. Note however, that the first and second terms
of the binomial have a common factor of 2. Therefore, the binomial can be factored using a
combination of GCMF and the sum and difference of two terms.
Find the GCF of the terms and write it in factored form.
2𝑎𝑥 2 – 32 = 2 ( 𝑎𝑥 2 – 16 )
Observe that 𝑎𝑥 2 – 16 is a difference of two squares. Hence, it can be factored as
𝑎𝑥 2 – 16 = (𝑎𝑥)2 - (4)2 = ( ax + 4 )( ax – 4 )
Thus, the complete factored form of 2𝑎𝑥 2 − 32 is ;
2𝑎𝑥 2 – 32 = 2 ( ax + 4 )( ax – 4 )

❖ Another area we must consider is that when we have applied factoring rule to a problem, we
must check all parts of our answer to make sure that nothing will factor further. Consider the
4th example.
Example 4; Write 𝑦 4 − 81 in completely factored form.
𝑦 4 − 81, Which factors as the difference of two squares into
(𝑦 2 )2 - (9)2 = (𝑦 2 + 9) (𝑦 2 − 9).
Upon further inspection, we observe that the second factor is also the difference of two squares and the
completely factored form would then be
𝑦 4 − 81 = (𝑦 2 )2 - (9)2
= (𝑦 2 + 9) (𝑦 2 − 9)
= (𝑦 2 + 9) [(𝑦)2 − (𝑦)2 ]
= (𝑦 2 + 9)(𝑦 + 3)(𝑦 − 3)
❖ In the above example, (𝑦 2 + 9) is called the sum of two squares. The sum of two squares will not
factor.
Again, the factoring process can be verified by multiplying the factors.

What’s More
Activity 1: Say YES! Say NO!
Direction: Tell whether or not the given binomial is a difference of two squares. If it
is, write YES. If it is not, NO. Write your answer in your answer sheet.
______1. 𝒂𝟒 − 𝟔𝟒 ____2. 𝒏𝟐 − 𝒑𝟐 ________3. 𝟒𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟔
______4. 𝒂 − 𝟗
𝟑
______5. 𝒙 + 𝟓𝟎
𝟐

Activity 2: WORK-OUT!
Write the following in completely factored form. Write your answer in your answer sheet.
1. 𝒂𝟒 − 𝟏𝟔 = _________________
2. 𝟗𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟓𝒚𝟐 = __________
3. 𝟐𝒃𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝟐𝒃𝒚𝟐 =_________
4. 𝟐𝒙𝟐 − 𝟏𝟖𝒚𝟐 =__________
5. 𝟓𝒂𝟒 − 𝟒𝟓𝒂𝟐 𝒃𝟐 =_________
 What I Have Learned
Great! You have reached this part of the module. To ensure your full understanding
on the concepts related to factoring difference of two squares.

Direction: Give a reflection on the activities you have done. Write your answer on
your answer sheets.

Try TO Reflect Now!

What I have learned…

I discovered in the given I noticed that the topic is…

activities that…

Lesson
3 Factoring Sum and difference of Two
Cubes

What’s In

For you to learn how to factor the sum and difference of two cubes, you must recall the
concept of perfect cube where in any number that can be expressed as the product of three
equal integers. Try to answer the following activity, to reactivate your learning.
Activity: PICK-OUT!
Direction: Select the following perfect cubes inside the box below. Write your answer in your answer
sheet.

9 𝑦9 1 36 100 64 225

216 4 𝑥3 𝑎10 7 8 𝑏10

 What’s New

Recall Multiplying of Polynomials by answering the following activity because it is very applicable in
factoring sum and difference of two cubes.

Find the product of (𝑥 + 2)(3𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 4)

Solution: Multiply each term in 3𝑥 2 + 5 − 4 by each term in 𝑥 + 2.

Answer: 3𝑥 3 + 11𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 8
Now, find the product of the following;

1. (𝑥 − 𝑦)(𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ) = ___________________
2. (3𝑥 + 2)(9𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 4) = __________________

What Is It

The product of a binomial and a trinomial given in the activity above could be a sum and
difference of two cubes.
Another common binomial form that we can factor is the sum and the difference of two cubes.

Recall the pattern for special product.

(𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )= 𝑎3 − 𝑏3

(𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )= 𝑎3 + 𝑏3
This pattern will use to factor the Sum and Difference of two cubes. We illustrate the method through
the following examples.

Factor a Difference of Cubes

(𝑦 − 3)(𝑦 2 + 3𝑦 + 9)= 𝑦 3 + 3𝑦 2 + 9𝑦−3𝑦 2 − 9𝑦 − 27

= 𝑦 3 − 27 ← Difference of cubes
Writing factored form reverse this process so we have

𝑦 3 − 27 = (𝑦 − 3)(𝑦 2 + 3𝑦 + 9)
This suggest the following rule for factoring DIFFERENCE OF CUBES.

FACTORING A DIFFERENCE OF CUBES

𝑎3 − 𝑏3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
EXAMPLE 1. Factor 𝑦 3 − 8

Solution: This binomial is a difference of cube because 𝑦 3 − 8 = (𝑦)3 − (2)3 .To factor, we use the rule 𝑎3 −
𝑏3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) with 𝒂 = 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒃 = 2

𝑎3 − 𝑏3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )
𝑦 3 − 8 = (𝑦)3 − (2)3 = (𝑦 − 2)[( 𝑦)2 + (2)(𝑦) + (2)2 ]
= (𝑦 − 2)(𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 + 4)
EXAMPLE 2. Factor 64𝑥 3 − 27

Solution: This binomial is a difference of cube because 64𝑥 3 − 27 = (4𝑥 )3 − (3)3 . To factor, we use the rule
𝑎3 − 𝑏3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) with 𝒂 = 4𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒃 = 3

𝑎3 − 𝑏3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )

64𝑥 3 − 27 = (4𝑥 )3 − (3)3 = (4𝑥 − 3)[( 4𝑥)2 + (4𝑥 )(3) + (3)2

= (4𝑥 − 3)(16𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 9)

EXAMPLE 3. Factor 27𝑥 4 − 8𝑥𝑦 3 ,the term in this binomial have a monomial GCF, x.

27𝑥 4 − 8𝑥𝑦 3 = 𝑥(27𝑥 3 − 8𝑦 3 ) = 𝑥(3𝑥 )3 − (2𝑦)3 By using

𝑎3 − 𝑏3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ), with 𝒂 = 3𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒃 = 2𝑦

𝑎3 − 𝑏3 = (𝑎 − 𝑏)(𝑎2 + 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )
27𝑥 4 − 8𝑥𝑦 3 = 𝑥(27𝑥 3 − 8𝑦 3 ) = 𝑥(3𝑥)3 − (2𝑦)3

= 𝑥(3𝑥 − 2𝑦)[( 3𝑥)2 + (3𝑥 )(2𝑦) + (2𝑦)2

= 𝑥(3𝑥 − 2𝑦)( 9𝑥 2 + 6𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 2 )

Factor a Sum of Cubes
A sum of cubes can be factored using a pattern similar to the difference of cubes.

(𝑦 + 3)(𝑦 2 − 3𝑦 + 9)= 𝑦 3 − 3𝑦 2 + 9𝑦+3𝑦 2 − 9𝑦 + 27

= 𝑦 3 + 27 ← Sum of cubes
Writing factored form reverses this process so we have

𝑦 3 + 27 = (𝑦 + 3)(𝑦 2 − 3𝑦 + 9)
This suggest the following rule for factoring DIFFERENCE OF CUBES.

FACTORING A SUM OF CUBES

𝑎3 + 𝑏3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏 2 )
EXAMPLE 1. Factor 64𝑥 3 + 8

Solution: This binomial is a sum of cube because 64𝑥 3 + 8 = (4𝑥 )3 + (2)3 .

To factor, we use the rule 𝑎3 + 𝑏3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) with 𝒂 = 4𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒃 = 2

𝑎3 + 𝑏3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )

64𝑥 3 + 8 = (4𝑥 )3 + (2)3 = (4𝑥 + 2)[( 4𝑥)2 − (4𝑥)(2) + (2)2]

= (4𝑥 + 2)(16𝑥 2 − 8𝑥 + 4)

EXAMPLE 2. Factor 27𝑧 3 + 125

Solution: This binomial is a sum of cube because 27𝑧 3 + 125 = (3𝑧)3 + (5)3 .

To factor, we use the rule 𝑎3 + 𝑏3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) with 𝒂 = 3𝑧 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒃 = 5

𝑎3 + 𝑏3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )
27𝑧 3 + 125 = (3𝑧)3 + (5)3 = (3𝑧 + 5)[( 3𝑧)2 − (3𝑧)(5) + (5)2]

= (3𝑧 + 5)(9𝑧 2 − 15𝑧 + 25)

EXAMPLE 3.Factor 5𝑥 + 40𝑥𝑦 3
Solution: The term in this binomial have a monomial GCF, 5x.

5𝑥 + 40𝑥𝑦 3 = 5𝑥 (1 + 8𝑦 3 ) = 5𝑥[(1)3 + (2𝑦)3 ]

By using the rule 𝑎3 + 𝑏3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 ) with 𝒂 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝒃 = 2𝑦

𝑎3 + 𝑏3 = (𝑎 + 𝑏)(𝑎2 − 𝑎𝑏 + 𝑏2 )
5𝑥 + 40𝑥𝑦 3 = 5𝑥 (1 + 8𝑦 3 ) = 5𝑥[(1)3 + (2𝑦)3 ]

= 5𝑥(1 + 2𝑦)[(1)2 − (1)(2𝑦) + (2𝑦)2 ]

= 5𝑥(1 + 2𝑦)(1 − 2𝑦 + 4𝑦 2 )

What’s More
Activity 1: YOU COMPLETE ME!
Direction: Complete the following products. Write your answer in your answer sheet.
1. 𝑏3 + 8 = ____ + (2)3
= (𝑏 + 2)[(____ − (𝑏)(2) + (2)2 ]
= _____(𝑏2 − ____ + ____)
2. 𝑦 − 27 = (𝑦)3 − _____
3

= ____[(𝑦)2 + ___(3) + (____)]

= (𝑦 − 3)(𝑦 2 + ____ + 9)
3. 64𝑥 − 𝑦 3 = ____ − (𝑦)3
3

= (4𝑥 − 𝑦)[(4𝑥)2 + _____ + (𝑦)2 ]

= ____(____ + 4𝑥𝑦 + (____)

Activity 2: FACTORING IS THE KEY!

Direction: Factor each expression completely. Write your answer in your answer sheet.
1. 8𝑏3 + 8 = ________________
2. 64𝑦 3 − 27 =_______________
3. 𝑎3 − 64 =_________________
4. 𝑥 3 + 1000 =_______________
5. 27𝑏3 − 8 =________________

What I Have Learned

Direction: Answer the following questions. Write your answer on your answer sheet.
1. What did you discover in this lesson?
2. Did you noticed some pattern or technique?
3. Tell something about Factoring Sum and difference of Two Cubes.

What I Can Do
LET US MEASURE THE GARDEN!
A rectangular garden has an area of 16𝑚2. If the length is 6 meters longer than the width.
What are the dimensions of the garden? Write your answer on your answer sheet.
 Assessment
Let us determine how much you have learned from this module. Read and understand
each item, then choose the letter of your answer and write it on your answer sheet.

1. What is the Greatest Common Factor of 12, 36 and 42?

A. 9 B. 12 C. 6 D. 2
2. A number that can be written as the cubes of another number.
A. Perfect cubes B. Factoring C. Perfect square D. Factor
3. What is the GCF of 𝑥 8 and 𝑥 12
A. 𝑥 2 B. 𝑥 6 C. 𝑥 8 D. 𝑥 12
4. Which of the following is a perfect square expression?
A. 2x ( 2𝑥 2 – x + 3 ) C. 2x ( 2𝑥 2 + x - 3 )
B. 2x ( 2𝑥 + x + 3 )
2
D. 2x ( 2𝑥 2 – x - 3 )
5. What are the complete factors of the polynomial 3𝑥 2 − 75 ?
A. 3(x-5)(x+5) B. 9 ( 9 - 𝑥 2 ) C. 9 ( x + 1 ) D. 𝑥 2 ( 9 – 1 )
6. What is the GCF of 𝑎4 𝑏7 , 𝑎2 𝑏9 , 𝑎6 𝑏5 , and 𝑎8 𝑏11 ?
B. 𝑎3 𝑏7 B. 𝑎7 𝑏9 C. 𝑎2 𝑏5 D. 𝑎4 𝑏9
7. What are the complete factors of 27𝑥 + 64𝑦 ?3 3

A. 5𝑓 2 𝑔3 ℎ2 ( 4ℎ -5𝑓𝑔 ) C. 5f 2 𝑔ℎ2 ( 3ℎ -4𝑓𝑔 )

B. (3x+4y)(9𝑥 − 12𝑥𝑦 + 16𝑦 )
2 2
D. 3𝑓 2 𝑔3 ℎ2 ( 2ℎ -3𝑓𝑔 )
8. Using the pattern for factoring the sum of cubes, what are the factors of 8 + 𝑎3 ?
A. (2 − 𝑎)(4 − 2𝑎 + 𝑎2 ) C. (2 − 𝑎)(4 + 2𝑎 + 𝑎2 )
B. (2 + 𝑎)(4 + 2𝑎 + 𝑎 ) 2
D. (2 + 𝑎)(4 − 2𝑎 + 𝑎2 )
9. Which of the following is a perfect square expression?
A. 16𝑎3 B. 26𝑎4 C. 36𝑎4 D. 6𝑎6
10. If one factor of the difference of two squares is 3x + 4, what is the other factor?
A. 3x – 4 B. 𝑥 4 + 3 C. 3x – 9 D. 3𝑥 4 − 4𝑥 4
11. What is the complete factored form of 54𝑥 + 2? 3

A. 2(3𝑥 + 1)(9𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 1) C. 2(3𝑥 − 1)(9𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1)

B. 4(3𝑥 + 1)(9𝑥 + 3𝑥 + 1)
2
D. 4(3𝑥 + 1)(9𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 1)
12. The area of a rectangular garden is 25𝑎 − 81 square units. If one side is 5𝑎 − 9, what is the other side?
2

A. 3𝑎 + 9 B. 5𝑎 + 9 C. 9𝑎 − 5 D. 5𝑎 − 9
13. Which of the following is the complete factored form of the cubic polynomial 8𝑥 3 − 64?
A. 8(𝑥 − 2) (𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 − 4) C.8( 𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 4)
B. 8(𝑥 + 2) (𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 4)
2
D.8(𝑥 − 2) (𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 4)

14. Which of the following polynomials has factors ( 𝑎 − 6)(𝑎 + 14)?

A. 𝑎2 − 8𝑎 − 84 B. 𝑎2 + 8𝑎 − 84 C. 𝑎2 + 8𝑎 + 84 D. 𝑎2 − 8𝑎 + 84
15. Which of the following is not a perfect square expression?
A. 25𝑎8 B. 100𝑎4 C. 135𝑥 D. 36𝑥 2