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    Power electronics deals with controlling and converting electric power using semiconductor devices. It involves controlling the flow of electrical energy using electronic switches, capacitors, magnetics, and control systems. The goal of power electronics is to efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another while maintaining high efficiency, availability, reliability and low cost and size. Power electronics has advantages like high efficiency, reliability, flexibility and fast response but also has disadvantages like generating harmonics and sometimes operating at a low power factor. Power electronics converters classify conversions between AC and DC forms. Applications of power electronics include uses in residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, utility systems, aerospace and telecommunications domains.

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    Power electronics deals with controlling and converting electric power using semiconductor devices. It involves controlling the flow of electrical energy using electronic switches, capacitors, magnetics, and control systems. The goal of power electronics is to efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another while maintaining high efficiency, availability, reliability and low cost and size. Power electronics has advantages like high efficiency, reliability, flexibility and fast response but also has disadvantages like generating harmonics and sometimes operating at a low power factor. Power electronics converters classify conversions between AC and DC forms. Applications of power electronics include uses in residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, utility systems, aerospace and telecommunications domains.

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    12 views12 pages

    Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Mouath Alsebaie
    Power electronics deals with controlling and converting electric power using semiconductor devices. It involves controlling the flow of electrical energy using electronic switches, capacitors, magnetics, and control systems. The goal of power electronics is to efficiently convert electrical energy from one form to another while maintaining high efficiency, availability, reliability and low cost and size. Power electronics has advantages like high efficiency, reliability, flexibility and fast response but also has disadvantages like generating harmonics and sometimes operating at a low power factor. Power electronics converters classify conversions between AC and DC forms. Applications of power electronics include uses in residential, commercial, industrial, transportation, utility systems, aerospace and telecommunications domains.

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    Power Electronics

    Lecture 1: Introduction to Power electronics


    DR. SALEH ODAT
    AL ALBAYT UNIVERSITY
    Introduction
    What is Power Electronics ?
    Power Electronics is a field of Electrical Engineering that deals with the application of power
    semiconductor devices for the control and conversion of electric power.
    Introduction
    Power electronics relates to the control and flow of electrical energy.

    Control is done using electronic switches, capacitors, magnetics, and control


    systems.

    Scope of power electronics: milliWatts ⇒ gigaWatts.

    Power electronics is a growing field due to the improvement in switching


    technologies and the need for more and more efficient switching circuits.
    Goal of Power Electronics
     Thegoal of power electronics is to convert electrical energy from
    one form to another (i.e. from the source to the load) by
    maintaining:
    High efficiency.
    High availability.
    High reliability.
    Low cost.
    Small size.
    Least weight.
    Advantages of Power Electronics System
     High efficiency due to low loss in power semiconductor devices.
     High reliability of power electronic converter system.
     Long life and less maintenance due to absence of any moving
    parts.
     Flexibility in operation.
     Fast dynamic response compared to electromechanical converter
    system.
     Small size and less weight, thus low installation cost.
    Disadvantages of Power Electronics
    System
     Circuits in power electronics system have a tendency to generate harmonics in the supply system as
    well as the load circuit.
    Since the converters alter the sinusoidal waveform according to the requirement, harmonics are generated in
    the output voltage and current of the converter and also in the input current to the converter. Now these
    harmonics create a lot of trouble on both the sides. On the load side if we have motors, harmonics cause
    problems such as excess heating, more acoustic noise, torsional vibration of motor shaft, commutation issues
    in DC motors, etc. Also,(Harmonics in supply lines also leads to radio interference with communication lines,
    audio and video equipment. )
     AC to DC and AC to AC converter operate at low input power factor under certain operating
    condition. (hence it might be required to install reactive power compensation equipment).
     Regeneration of power is difficult in power electronic converter system.
     Power Electronic controllers have low overhead capacity: Power electronic devices work on
    rated voltage and current provided proper heat evacuation system is provided. Excess current causes
    hot spots at junctions and burning of devices. High dv/dt leads to false triggering and hence a power
    electronic device along with it needs compulsory protection arrangements such as snubber circuit
    etc.
    Operation of Power Electronics
    Power electronics systems can operate in the range from few watts up to GW, with frequency
    range from some 100 Hz up to some 100 kHz, depending on the power handled.
    Converter Classification
    The objective of a power electronics circuit is to match the voltage and current requirements of
    the load to those of the source.
    Power electronics circuits convert one type or level of a voltage or current waveform to
    another and are hence called converters.
     Converters are classified by the relationship between input and output:
    Converter Classification
    AC input/DC output: The AC-DC converter produces a DC output from an AC input. Average
    power is transferred from an ac source to a DC load. The AC-DC converter is specifically classified
    as a rectifier.
    DC input/AC output: The DC-AC converter is specifically classified as an inverter. In the inverter,
    average power flows from the DC side to the AC side.
    DC input/DC output: The DC-DC converter is useful when a load requires a specified (often
    regulated) dc voltage or current but the source is at a different or unregulated DC value.
    AC input/AC output: The AC-AC converter may be used to change the level and/or frequency of
    an AC signal.
    Nature of Power Electronics
    The advent of microelectronics and computer control made it possible to apply modern control
    theory to power electronic (PE) and at the same time, it made it possible to solve very complex
    circuit functions.
    Applications of Power Electronics
    Power electronics is a key technology for transmission, distribution, storage, renewable energy sources
    and users sub-systems, and has spread in many applications such as:
    Residential Refrigeration and freezers, Space heating, Air conditioning, Cooking, Lighting, Electronics (personal computers,
    other entertainment equipment).

    Commercial Heating, ventilating, and air, conditioning, Central refrigeration, Lighting, Computers and office equipment,
    Uninterruptible power supplies (UPSS), Elevators.
    Industrial Pumps, Compressors, Machine tools (robots), Arc furnaces, induction furnaces, Lighting, Industrial lasers, Induction
    heating, Welding.
    Transportation Traction control of electric vehicles, Battery chargers for electric vehicles, Electric locomotives, Street cars, trolley
    buses, Subways, Automotive electronics including engine controls.
    Utility systems High-voltage dc transmission (HVDC), Static VAR compensation (SVC), Supplemental energy sources (wind,
    photovoltaic), fuel cells, Energy storage systems, Induced-draft fans and boiler, feed water pumps.
    Aerospace Space shuttle power supply systems, Satellite power systems, Aircraft power systems.
    Telecommunications Battery chargers, Power supplies (DC and UPS).
    Thank you 

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