SCIENCE 100: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY

D life more and more

UNIT 2 : NATURE OF SCIENCE
MODULE 5

LESSON LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
A. To know the different Filipino and foreign scientists and inventors;
B. To be familiar with the achievements and contributions of our Filipino and foreign scientists and
inventors;
C. Learn the impact of their inventions to the society.

TOPICS

1. Well known Filipino scientists

2. Well known Filipino inventors
3. Well known foreign inventors
4. Well known foreign scientists

TOPIC PRESENTATION

WELL-KNOWN FILIPINO SCIENTISTS

FILIPINO SCIENTISTS CONTRIBUTIONS

Discovered an antibiotic known by its generic
1. Dr. Abelardo Aguilar name erythromycin w/o receiving anything from
the sale from a giant US drug firm (Ely Lilly of
Indiana)
The drug’s propriety name is Ilotycin and Ilosone
in honor of the Iloilo province where Aguilar
obtained soil samples that bore the Aspergillus in
1952.

The world’s leading authority on Community

Ecology, Biogeography and Systematics of
Amphibians/Reptiles.
2. Angel C. Alcala
He was the first scientist to develop a project to
create artificial coral reefs.
Focused her research efforts on the morphology,
physiology, and biochemistry of drug plants.
3. Magdalena C. Cantoria
He was hired as a design automation engineer and
later became a senior engineer at INTEL,
Philippines.
In 1987, he left INTEL to found Innovatix, a fitting
acronym for a company aiming in Innovative
4. Ramon Ilejay Castillo consumer gadgets in the market today: Power delay
mechanism, Lantern Blinker, portable lamp
dimmer and dancing light and three channel lamp
cluster.
She was admitted at the Harvard Medical Post
Graduate w/ the help of the late President Manuel
Quezon.
She was appointed by the late Mayor Leon Guinto
of manila to help in the building of a hospital for
5. Fe Del Mundo children, known today as the Jose Reyes Memorial
Hospital.
Made more studies regarding diseases among

CECILIA K. POGONGAN
SCIENCE 100: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY

children.
Invented the incubator and the jaundice relieving
device as her contribution to the World of Medical
technology.
Helped in building the Children’s Medical Center
in Banawe, Quezon City.
, His work on soft x-rays w/c required high vacuum
photography earned him recognition.
He co-founded the Bartol Research Foundation in
6. Casimero Del Rosario Philadelphia.
For 11 years, he headed the Philippine weather
Bureau and was the first Vice Chairman of the
National Science Development Board.
In 1965, he received the President award for
researches in physics, meteorology and astronomy;
and the UP Alumni award.

As a scientist, he made contributions to rice

breeding as plant breeder and professor.
He provided leadership in the development,
isolation and release of nine Seed Board rice
7. Pedro B. Escuro varieties.
A world renowned Filipino scientist, is a doctor
with specialization in orthopedic surgery.
He invented different hip replacement systems for
hip joints to ease the pain of victims of accidents
and victims of chronic arthritis.
8. Dr. Ramon Gustillo He designed also replacement of the knees that
well- known companies in USA distribute.
Contributed much in the advancement of nutrition
in the country, having served as the director of the
9. Carmen Intengan Food and Nutrition Research Institute from 1974 to
1980.
The most notable ophthalmologist in the country,
introduced corneal transplantation in the country
and designed a corneal dissector.
10. Geminiano De Ocampo In 1977, he was elevated to the Philippine
Opthalmology’s Hall of Fame.
A foremost botanist, he pioneered in the study of
Philippine Medicinal Plants where he made
tremendous contributions.
11. Eduardo Quisumbing His book Medicinal Plants in the Philippines is the
foremost of all the researches on medicinal plants
in the country.
Invented the Quink trademark ink, the indelible ink
w/c is Parker commercial stamp.
13. Francisco Quisumbing
He is a renowned Filipino leprologist and
14. Jose Rodriguez researcher who has devoted 53 yrs. of his life to the
control of leprosy in the country.

Leprosy - is a serious disease that causes painful

rough area on the skin and that badly damages
nerves and flesh
A NASA engineer who designed the moon buggy
15. Eduardo San Juan w/c the Apollo astronauts used.
He pioneered in Philippines psychology and he
made the first intensive study of the local
Myxophyceae or blue green algae from w/c he

CECILIA K. POGONGAN
SCIENCE 100: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY

16. Gregorio Velasquez received local and international recognition.

Invented the two-way television-telephone, electric

kinetic resistance known as the Zara’s effect,
17. Gregorio Zara airplane engine using alcohol fuel w/c was first
flown at the Manila International Airport on
September 30, 1954 and solar energy.

WELL-KNOWN FILIPINO INVENTORS

FILIPINO INVENTORS INVENTIONS

Co-discovered erythromycin w/o receiving

anything from the sale of the drug that earned
1. Abelardo Aguilar billions of dollars for the giant US drug firm Eli
Lilly.
He sold his energy-efficient fluorescent lamp
2. Agapito Flores invention to General Electric in the USA.

He is the designer of the moon rover. An alumnus

3. Agapito Mayuga, Ph.D. of Mapua Institute of Technology

Moon rover - a vehicle use to explore surface of an

extra terrestrial body like the moon or Mars
His patented inventions include the improved oven,
ice shaver unit, hotdog and bread warmer,
improved hotdog cooker, improved grinding
machine, press grated coconut, combined display
4. Benjamin Almeda, Sr. type chicken barbecuing device and oven, barbeque
cooker, portable sandwich toaster, waffle maker,
etc.
Major commercial food outlets like Jollibee,
McDonalds, Goldilocks, La Chesca, to name few,
purchased their customized food machinery from
Almeda.
He invented the portable test pump, a handy leak-
testing apparatus for newly installed pipings and
lines.
5. Antonio Mateo
He was one of the 1994 World Intellectual Property
Organization(WIPO) Gold medal Award recipients.

He led the development of electronic telephone.

6. Camilo Magsaysay Tabalba
He made the water-powered car in 1969 and is
believed to have sold his invention to a foreign
7. Daniel Dingel company already

He invented the single chip graphical user

8. Diosdado Banatao interface accelerator
He sold his lunar rover model to Boeing Company
9. Ed San Juan in the USA.
She invented pito-pito, a cleansing drink which
10. Erlinda Sangui won the 1989 WIPO Gold Medal Award.
She invented “ettas’s Instant Skin Bleaching
11. Feliza Velonza Powder”.
He created the comparison sensitivity matrix .
He used engineering and mathematics to devise the
12. Dr. Jose B. Cruz comparison sensitivity matrix for evaluating

CECILIA K. POGONGAN
SCIENCE 100: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY

changes occurring in different components

He led a team of inventors in making the one-chip
13. Marc Loinaz video camera while working for Bell Laboratory
She made the natural food supplement squalene
14. Remedios Lopez Reynoso,M.D capsules, source from sharks indigenous to the
Philippines.
He built a 22-watt reflectoriszed circular lamp in
15. Eduardo Sta. Ines the wooden box. The auxiliary is a plastic diffuser
and a stainless steel reflector that gives a bright and
wide illuminator.
A Filipino physicist with NASA, he discovered a
recurring polynya ( semipermanent area
16. Dr. Josefino Comiso of open water in sea ice) in the Cosmonaut Sea,
south of the Indian Ocean.
He designed the pilot seat for Boeing 747 jumbo jet
17. Eugene Resos in 1968.
He invented airplane engine using alcohol. He also
18. Dr. Gregorio Zara made TY-telephone (video), a device that enables
caller to see each other onscreen.
They discovered Asteroid 6282 called Edwelda, an
19. Edwin Aguirre and Imelda Joson asteroid orbiting the sun between Mars and Jupiter.
20. Robert del Rosario He invented the karaoke which was modified later
by the Japanese.

WELL-KNOWN FOREIGN SCIENTISTS

FOREIGN SCIENTISTS DISCOVERIES

Founded individual psychology called
1. Alfred Adler ( 1870 – 1937 ) psychotherapy that influenced many educators,
psychologists, and psychiatrists.

Psychotherapy - is a treatment of mental or

emotional illness by talking about problems rather
than by using medicine or drug
French physicist and mathematician after whom the
practical unit of electric current is named, noted for
2. Andre Marie Ampere ( 1725 – 1836 ) his important discoveries in the field of magnetism
and electricity.
The father of the electric telephone. In 1898, Bell
succeeded his father-in-law as president of the
National Geographic Society. He was aided by his
3. Alexander Graham Bell (1847– 1922) future son-in-law, who transformed what had
begun as a modest pamphlet into a unique
educational journal-the National Geographic
magazine.
His fame rests on his discovery of radioactivity in
4. Antoine Henri Becquerel (1852-1908) early 1896

He was one of France’s and the World’s greatest

5. Louis Bleriot (1872 – 1936 ) aeronautical Engineer and Aviators.
Accidentally blinded himself at the age of three.
Braille learned about a writing technique that had
been invented by a French army officer, Charles
Barbier. It was 12-dot system that was punched on
6. Louis Braille ( 1809 – 1852 ) cardboard for night time battlefield communication
s. Braille devised a similar system using six dots in
1824,when he was only 15 yrs. Old.

She was a polish scientist who, with her French

husband Pierre and Henri Becquerel, received the

CECILIA K. POGONGAN
SCIENCE 100: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY

7. Marie Curie ( 1867 – 1937 ) 1903 Nobel prize for Physics for the discovery of
radioactivity. She also received the 1911 prize for
Chemistry for her discovery of the elements radium
and polonium.
Advanced the atomic theory in 1805 which states
that matter is made up of small particles called
atoms and that chemical changes take place
8. John Dalton (1766 – 1844 ) between atoms or groups of atoms.
The diesel engine improved on the efficiency of
previous internal combustion engines by dispensing
w/ an internal ignition source. With its ability to
run on cheap, unrefined oil, the engine became
9. Rudolf Diesel ( 1859 – 1913 ) widely used in industry and transport. It was named
after its inventor. As a result of his invention he
became a millionaire, but because of his disinterest
in wealth, he invariably found himself in financial
difficulties. Depression over the war in Europe and
his desperate financial situation drove him to
suicide.
It was for an electric vote counter to be used in the
US House of Representatives. The machine worked
perfectly, but the congressmen would not buy it.
When he died at the of 84, he patented 1,093
10. Thomas Edison (1847 – 1937 ) inventions like the motion-picture projector,
phonograph, electric-light bulb incandescent, and
hundreds of others.
He was regarded by many as the greatest
theoretical physicist of all time. Best known as the
creator of the theory of relativity.
Indeed, his Nobel prize (1921) was awarded not for
relativity; the selection committee, uncertain
11. Albert Einstein ( 1879 -1955 ) whether relativity was here to stay, chose to honor
him instead for his theory of photoelectric effect.
Penicillin was discovered in Sept. 1928.Thsi
miracle drug was discovered and given to the world
12. Alexander Fleming ( 1881 -1955 ) by Fleming, a physician and research bacteriologist
at St. Mary’s Hospital Medical school in London.
He organized the first library in America.
In Europe, he persuaded the English to repeal the
hated Stamp Act. He convinced the French to aid in
13. Benjamin Franklin ( 1706 – 1790 ) the American Revolution. Helped draft both the
declaration of Independence and the American
Constitution.
In 1752, franklin attached a key to a kite string and
drew electric sparks from the key from lightning
strike, thus becoming the first person to identify
lightning as an electrical discharge.
He is chiefly remembered for his work on free fall,
14. Galileo Galilei ( 1564 – 1642 ) his use of the telescope and his employment of
experimentation.
He invented trigonometry. He was the first
cataloguer of stars, lightning almost 1,000 suns in
the universe.
15. Hipparchus ( died: approx. 125 B.C.) Most strikingly, he invented longitude and
magnitude, linear division of a 360-degrees circle,
w/c made good maps possible.
Lister’s first important scientific contribution
entitled “An Essay on the Early Stages of
Inflammation”, was published in 1857.
In 1867, he wrote On the Antiseptic principle in the
16. Joseph Lister ( 1827 – 1912 ) Practice of Surgery w/c put an end to surgical
diseases.

CECILIA K. POGONGAN
SCIENCE 100: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY

He was the first to solved the problem of wound

infection after surgery.

He did not design the Periodic Table; he discovered

it. While working on chemistry in 1869, he wrote
the names & some of the main nature of the
17. Dmitri Mendeleyev ( 1826 – 1910 ) elements on individual cards to help establish a
suitable order in w/c to discuss their chemistry. It
was while arranging this pack of cards in different
ways that he established upon the pattern we now
recognize as the period table.

He formulated the laws of universal gravitation.

Newton’s fame rested securely on his application
of the mathematical method on the study of nature,
18. Isaac newton ( 1642 -1727 ) and his having been the first to bring under one
general principle the law of gravitation a wide
range of natural phenomena.

19. Louis Pasteur ( 1822 – 1895 ) Founder of Microbiology, known primarily for his
pasteurization of food and on preventive vaccines.
It was he who discovered the electron and
20. Joseph Thompson ( 1856 -1946 ) established the theory of electrical nature of matter.
Showed that Neptune, the most distant known
planet from the sun, made erratic orbit by the
gravitational influence of some still undiscovered
body.
In 1930,he discovered that one of the dots found in
21. Clyde Tombaugh( Born: 1906 his photos was indeed the planet that Lowell had
said to be found and he named it Pluto, following
the fashion of naming planets after Greek and
Roman deities.
His most significant invention was the
apochromatic lens of the microscope, w/c made it
possible to bring a clear image of an object into
focus.
22. Carl Zeiss ( 1816 – 1888 ) The world’s first planetarium projector was built by
the Zeiss firm in 1923. The firm became famous for
its telescope, microscope, field glasses, and other
optical instrument.

WELL – KNOWN FOREIGN INVENTORS

FOREIGN INVENTORS INVENTIONS

1. Wright Brothers (Wilbur & Orville) Airplane

Atomic Bomb. It was successfully tested about 200
2. Albert Einstein miles from Los Angeles in the US on July 6, 1946.

3. Laszlo Biro He invented the ball-point pen in 1938.

4. Galileo Galilei Clinical thermometer

He devised the first electronic computer in 1888
5. Herman Hollerith A.D.

6. Alfred Nobel He invented dynamite in 1867.

With the invention of hydroelectric power in 1881

CECILIA K. POGONGAN
SCIENCE 100: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY and SOCIETY

in England, the way for an electric iron was paved.

7. Henry W. Seely The very next year, he developed the electric iron –
the first electrical appliance.
He received the 1924 Nobel Prize in physiology &
8. Willem Einthoven medicine for his invention of the
electrocardiograms.
In 1852, he developed automatic safety device to
9. Elisha Graves Otis prevent a lifter contraption from falling if the cable
were to break.
They invented the escalator, a moving stairway.
10. G. Wheeler & W. Reno
A Frenchman who invented the gear in 1827 A.D.
11. Onesiphore Pecquer A gear is a mechanical device that transfers rotating
motion of power from one part of a machine.
Invented the ice cream w/c has been enjoyed since
12. Gerald Tissain 1620.

13. Theodore Maimon He developed the first laser in 1960 by flashing

ordinary light into rod of synthetic ruby. LASER –
Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of
Radiation.
Invented in 1590 the microscope. By 1600,
14. La Charra Janssen Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek, made more powerful
microscope and observed microscopic life through
it.
He invented the first car w/ a steam powered
15. Nicolas Joseph Cugnot engine.
He developed the electric car in 1890.
William Morrison
He introduced the gasoline powered car.
Emille Levassor

16. Henry Hertz He discovered radio waves in 1887.

17. Jacob Parkin He invented the first refrigerator in 1834.

18. Alexander Graham bell Telephone

19. John Logi Baird Television

20. Hamilton Smith Washing machine

CECILIA K. POGONGAN