EDFD203 : PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION

WRITTEN REPORT

PHILOSOPHIES IN EDUCATION
PHILOSOPHIES
RECONSTRUCTION DEMOCRACY PRAGMATISM PROGRESSIVISM
AIMS OF The chief  Democratic education is an Pragmatism aims to enhance The goal of progressivism is for
EDUCATION purpose of education is to educational ideal in the Students to become intelligent
“RECONSTRUCT” society in which democracy is both a goal potential of students to adopt problem solvers.
order to and a method of instruction. It to a constantly changing  Students will be socially aware
meet the cultural crisis brought brings democratic values to world. citizens who are prepared to live
about by education and can include self- comfortably in the world.
social, political, and economic determination within a
problems. community of equals, as well as
such values as justice, respect
and trust.
NATURE OF Typically a Our public schools must be The curriculum of pragmatism Progressivism is a theory of
CURRICULUM Reconstructionist focuses on a founded for equality of is centered to the students in education that
curriculum that highlights social opportunity for all. making life decision. This is concerned with “learning by doing”
reform. curriculum aims to help and
Reflect democratic ideals and students to learn the process purports(claims to) that children learn
emphasize of problem-solving and uses best when pursuing their own
civic education social media to share ideas, interests
Opportunity for students to gain insights and experiences and satisfying their own needs.
first hand
experience in studying real social Progessivists believe that people
problems learn
and controversial issues best from what they consider most
Students consider societal relevant to their lives. Progessivists
problems such as center curriculum on their needs,
 place of ethics in improving experiences, interest and abilities of
quality of life, student. Provoke curiosity in
conserve natural resources, and students.
issues of
foreign policy and naturalism.
ROLE/ Critically examine all cultural Teacher As A Leader Teachers should encourage What do teachers do?
CHARACTER and  First person of the students to do research to  Instead of talking in front of the
OF TEACHER educational institutions and Classroom. enhance their analytical skills room,
recommended  As king so kingdom in the future. the teacher will be walking around.
change and reform as needed.  Energetic As a friend, philosopher and  Teacher would not be worried
Must be willing to engage in  Ready for new challenges guide. about standardized testing.
ongoing renewal of  Problem Solving Attitude  Not a dictator but only a  Teacher will use computer
their person and professional  Inculcate the values of leader of a group. simulations.
lives Democracy to  Should have knowledge of
Criticize and evaluate work His/Her students student’s interest and
conditions and  Effective orator provide them social
extend educational role outside of  Unbiased environment.
the classroom  Trustworthy  Should believe in
Must be comfortable with democratic values.
constant change  Should have knowledge of
Dislikes the status quo and social conditioning.
views school as a  Should not overshadow the
particular culture in evolution personality of the
Willing to engage and form pupil.
alliances with the
community and parents to make
the school
better.
To teach students and the
public not to
settle for "what is" but rather to
dream about
“what might be”.
Prepare Students to become
agents for
 change
METHOD OF Cooperative learning, problem  Question Answer Sessions- Learning by doing: Individual growth from within through
TEACHING solving, Open ended Session
critical thinking  Equal Opportunity to Pragmatism is not in favor of interaction with a favorable
Focus on active learning and Everyone- without barrier old and worn- out methods of environment.
activities outside  Monitor methods- Leadership
of school Training teaching. It believes in  Learning through experience.
Students spend time in the  Activity Based teaching – experimenting with new  A speculative view of knowledge.
community to Simulation of Situation
methods. These methods are  Natural learning processes and
learn its problems  Respect others opinion –
Would analyze research and Encourage Harmony devised by the teacher in the stages
link issues to  Convey Massage Effectively light of real life situations. of development.
place in the community and – Better Communication
larger society  Celebration of Events –  Learner as a whole person.
Take action or responsibility in Effective Planning Education is not teaching or
planning for change. imparting knowledge but to
encourage learning through
self-effort and creative
activity. Knowledge is not
obtained from books but by
actually doing things

Provision of real life situation:

Pragmatism thus, “Stresses-
action rather than reflection.”
The child should be put in
real situation so that he may
himself solve the problems
practically, which arise out of
 those situations. He must be
engaged in purposeful
creative activity, and
problematic acts..

NATURE OF Students are a critical element in Freedom as an important Design group assignments.
CLASSROOM bringing social change element.  Give experiment based projects.
Students are capable of  Promotes self-discipline.  Engage them in social activities by
initiating  Condemn enforced teaching them social responsibilities
and adapting to change discipline and advocate social and democracy.
especially if discipline based on child’s  Relate day to day activities with
they are influenced by interest, activities and real life.
appropriate a sense of social  Selection of subject content by
adult role models responsibility. looking
Teacher and students question  According to pragmatists, forward to ask what skills will be
the assumptions of the “Discipline is primarily social needed
status quo and examine social and it emerges in future society?
issues and future trends. through active participation in  Curriculum as per the student’s
Organize classroom in a group and needs.
classless nonsexist and non purposeful activity.”
racial manner
Less emphasis on management
and control and more
focus on community building
Atmosphere promotes analysis,
criticism, and research
would best describe the
classroom environment
Conflict resolution and
differences in world views
would be encouraged and
reinforced.
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KNOWING CarloLatriz/reconstructionism- yogeshmhaske1/democracy-in- skyrocker0004/major- philosophy-of-education-
61949112?from_action=save education-69395833 philosophies-in-education progressivism-56273981
PROPONENT THEODORE BRAMELD (1904- JOHN DEWEY JOHN DEWEY JOHN DEWEY
1987)
INFLUENCES Students have the ability to Schools must encourage Education should lie at center Center of gravity is child
TO PRESENT think in Intellectual sensitivity and of all educative process.  Focus of philosophy is
EDUCATIONAL critical terms and expose their acceptance of diversity of learning ,not
SYSTEM assumptions and practices opinion. the teacher ‘s teaching
 Education comes from the
experience of the child.

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