INTERNATIONAL ISO

STANDARD 4761

First edition
2022-01

Non-destructive testing of welds —

Phased array ultrasonic testing (UT-
PA) for thin-walled steel components
— Acceptance levels
Essais non destructifs des assemblages soudés — Technique ultrasons
multi-éléments (UT-PA) pour les composants en acier à paroi mince
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
— Niveaux d’acceptation

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ISO 4761:2022
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Reference number
ISO 4761:2022(E)

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ISO 4761:2022(E)

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

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ISO 4761:2022
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4761-2022

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 ISO 4761:2022(E)

Contents Page

Foreword......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... iv
1 Scope.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms and definitions..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
4 Symbols........................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
5 Sensitivity setting and levels................................................................................................................................................................... 2
6 Acceptance levels................................................................................................................................................................................................. 2
7 Evaluation of indications............................................................................................................................................................................. 2
8 Acceptance criteria for two-sided testing................................................................................................................................. 3
8.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3
8.2 Longitudinal indications................................................................................................................................................................. 3
8.3 Transverse indications..................................................................................................................................................................... 5
8.4 Cumulative length of indications............................................................................................................................................ 5
9 Acceptance criteria for single-sided testing........................................................................................................................... 6
9.1 General............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 6
9.2 Longitudinal indications................................................................................................................................................................. 6
9.3 Transverse indications..................................................................................................................................................................... 7
9.4 iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Cumulative length of indications............................................................................................................................................ 7
Bibliography................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 8
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ISO 4761:2022
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ISO 4761:2022(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
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ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
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the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
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www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC  44, Welding and allied processes,
Subcommittee SC 5, Testing and inspection of welds.
ISO 4761:2022
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Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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Official interpretations of ISO/TC  44 documents, where they exist, are available from this page:
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 4761:2022(E)

Non-destructive testing of welds — Phased array ultrasonic

testing (UT-PA) for thin-walled steel components —
Acceptance levels

1 Scope
This document specifies acceptance levels for the phased array ultrasonic testing technique (UT-PA) of
full-penetration welds in low-alloy and/or fine-grained steels in the wall thickness range from 3,2 mm
to 8 mm which correspond to the quality levels of ISO 5817.
These acceptance levels are applicable to indications detected according to ISO 20601.

2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

ISO 5577, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic testing — Vocabulary
ISO  20601, Non-destructive testing of welds — Ultrasonic testing — Use of automated phased array
(standards.iteh.ai)
technology for thin-walled steel components
ISO 23243, Non-destructive testing — Ultrasonic testing with arrays — Vocabulary
ISO 4761:2022
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3 Terms and definitions
4761-2022
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO  5577, ISO  20601 and
ISO 23243 apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://​w ww​.iso​.org/​obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://​w ww​.electropedia​.org/​

4 Symbols

l indication length

l1, l2 length of individual indications

lc corrected length

lcu cumulative length

lw weld length

t thickness

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ISO 4761:2022(E)

5 Sensitivity setting and levels

The setting of the sensitivity shall be performed on a 1,0 mm diameter side-drilled hole as specified
in ISO 20601, this is also the reference level. This sensitivity setting shall be used for the subsequent
testing.
Three levels as defined in ISO 5577 are to be used:
a) reference level, level defined by the echo amplitude of a defined reference reflector;
b) acceptance level, level defining limits for acceptance regarding echo height, position, classification
(if applicable) and number of indications or size of discontinuities;
c) evaluation level, level above or below which indications shall be evaluated or examined further.
All levels are linked to the reference reflector and are specified in Clauses 8 and 9.

6 Acceptance levels
Three different acceptance levels are defined. The relation between these acceptance levels and the
quality levels as mentioned in accordance with ISO 5817 are given in Table 1.

Table 1 — Related levels for phased array ultrasonic testing of small wall thickness

ISO 5817 iTeh STANDARD

Quality level according to Testing level according to
ISO 20601 PREVIEW
Acceptance level according to this
document
B (stringent)
C (intermediate)
(standards.iteh.ai)
C
C
1
2
D (moderate) C 3
Special application ISOD 4761:2022 By agreement
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4761-2022
7 Evaluation of indications
Indications detected when applying ISO  20601 and having an amplitude above the evaluation level
(reference level -12  dB) shall be evaluated according to the specified acceptance level by using the
indication length and maximum amplitude. Unless specified otherwise, indications from the object
geometry, such as weld reinforcement, are considered not relevant.
For two-sided testing, Clause 8 shall be applied. For single-sided testing, Clause 9 shall be applied.
The length of an indication shall be determined by measuring the length along the weld using the 6 dB
drop method. Only for unfocused sound beams in lateral direction, a length correction may be applied
according to Formula (1).
DO − 2d
lc = ls × (1)
DO
where

  lc is the corrected length;

  ls is the length measured along the surface;

  DO is the outside diameter;

  d is the depth of indication.

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 ISO 4761:2022(E)

When reporting of indications below the acceptance level is specified, the details for reporting shall
also be specified.

8 Acceptance criteria for two-sided testing

8.1 General
When indications are detected, length and maximum amplitude shall be determined in accordance
with Clause 7.
Indications shall be evaluated according to their acceptance level and the acceptance criteria listed in
this clause.
All indications with an amplitude greater than the reference level -12  dB shall be evaluated for
acceptance by using the criteria given in 8.2, 8.3 and 8.4.

8.2 Longitudinal indications

Table 2 — Criteria for acceptance level 1

Indication length, l Evaluation level Maximum allowable amplitude
mm dB relative to the reference level dB relative to the reference level
l ≤ 4
4 < l ≤ 6
iTeh STANDARD
-12
-12
PREVIEW +6
+2
l > 6 (standards.iteh.ai)
-12 -10

ISO 4761:2022
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4761-2022

Key
X indication length, in mm
Y amplitude, in dB
1 reference level
2 acceptance level 1
3 evaluation level

Figure 1 — Criteria for acceptance level 1

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ISO 4761:2022(E)

Table 3 — Criteria for acceptance level 2

Indication length, l Evaluation level Maximum allowable amplitude
mm dB relative to the reference level dB relative to the reference level
l ≤ 4 -12 +6
4 < l ≤ 7 -12 +3,5
l > 7 -12 -10

Key
X indication length, in mm
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Y amplitude, in dB
1 reference level
(standards.iteh.ai)
2 acceptance level 2
ISO 4761:2022
3 evaluation level
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4761-2022
Figure 2 — Criteria for acceptance level 2

Table 4 — Criteria for acceptance level 3

Indication length, l Evaluation level Maximum allowable amplitude
mm dB relative to the reference level dB relative to the reference level
l ≤ 4 -12 +6
4 < l ≤ 8 -12 +5
l > 8 -12 -10

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 ISO 4761:2022(E)

Key
X indication length, in mm
Y amplitude, in dB
1 reference level
2 acceptance level 3
3 evaluation level

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

Figure 3 — Criteria for acceptance level 3

8.3 (standards.iteh.ai)
Transverse indications
When detection of transverse indications is specified, these indications are only acceptable if amplitude
and length can be determined and meet ISO 4761:2022levels stated in 8.2.
the acceptance
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8.4 Cumulative length of indications4761-2022
The cumulative length of all individually acceptable indications above the evaluation level shall be
calculated within a specified section of weld length, lw, as the sum of lengths of both single indications
and linearly aligned indications (see Figure 4).

Key
lcu cumulative length, lcu = l2 + l3 + l4 + l5 + l6
lw weld length
ln length of individual indications, where n = 1…7

Figure 4 — Cumulative length of indications

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ISO 4761:2022(E)

For wall thickness t, the sum of the lengths of the individual indications measured along the weld over
a length of 12 t shall be:
a) ≤3,5 t for acceptance level 1;
b) ≤4,0 t for acceptance level 2;
c) ≤4,5 t for acceptance level 3.

9 Acceptance criteria for single-sided testing

9.1 General
When indications are detected, length and maximum amplitude shall be determined in accordance
with Clause 7.
Indications shall be evaluated according to their acceptance level and the acceptance criteria listed in
this clause.
All indications with an amplitude greater than the reference level -12  dB shall be evaluated for
acceptance by using the criteria given in 9.2, 9.3 and 9.4.
For single-sided testing no acceptance criteria are defined for acceptance level 1 (stringent).

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9.2 Longitudinal indications

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Table 5 — Criteria for acceptance level 2 for single-sided testing
Indication length, l Evaluation level Maximum allowable amplitude
mm ISO 4761:2022
dB relative to the reference level dB relative to the reference level
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/0a0e8189-c763-46e9-9fd0-3c0c41daa6b1/iso-
l ≤ 4 -12 +3,5
l > 4 -12 4761-2022 -10

Key
X indication length, in mm
Y amplitude, in dB
1 reference level
2 acceptance level 2
3 evaluation level

Figure 5 — Criteria for acceptance level 2 for single-sided testing

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