Episode 9-10

Episode 9: Preparing for Teaching and Learning
Activity 9.1: demonstrating an understanding of research-based
Knowledge principles of teaching and learning
Resource Teacher: Teacher’s Signature:
Cooperating School:
Year/Grade Level and Section: Grade 10
Observe
Principles of Learning What did the resource teacher do to
apply the learning
1. Effective learning begins with The teacher set the objective to
setting of clear and high expectation accomplish the desired learning
outcome
of learning outcomes
2. Learning is an active process engages students in the learning

process beyond listening and passive
note taking.
3. Learning is the discovery of the The Resource Teacher tasked his/her
personal meaning and relevance of students to share their thoughts and
ideas. ideas
4. Learning is a cooperative and Giving students group activities let

collaborative process. Learning is them brainstorm the ideas together
enhanced in an atmosphere of with their groups
cooperation and collaboration.
Analysis
1.What principles of learning were most applied? Least applied?

Most applied:
the most applied principle of learning is the “Learning is an active

process” where the student-centered approach was applied. In which
the students can learn more when they participate in the process of
learning. In this principle of learning, the role of the teacher is the
facilitator of learning rather than the one-way providers of information.
For example, the teacher gives instructions about the procedure of a
laboratory activity in Biology while the students just listened to the
instructions. Afterwards, the students worked with their classmates and
did groupings to perform the laboratory activity
Least Applied:
the learning principle that was least applied is the “Learning is the discovery of
personal meaning and relevance of ideas”. In the giving of instructions, the
teacher explains the content of the procedure of the laboratory activity and
sharing some concepts about the activity related to the topic.
Give instances where this/these principle/s of learning have been applied.
Effective learning begins with the setting of clear and high expectations of
learning outcomes. Example: Before the teacher formally start his/her lesson,
he/she must state or present first his/her learning outcomes regarding the
topic so that the students are guided on what will the discussion is all about
and they can actively respond to the teachers.
Reflection
From among the principles of learning, which one do you think is the most
important?
In my opinion, the most important principle is setting clear and high
expectations. If we expect all students to achieve at high levels, then we
must define what we expect students to learn and do. With clear and
visible learning targets, students can participate in evaluating and setting
goals for their own work and effort.
Activity 9.2: Identifying learning outcomes that are aligned with learning
competencies
Cooperating School:
Observe
LEARNING OUTCOMES (SMART Achieved

objectives)
YES NO YES NO
1. Describe what is noun / /
2. identify the noun in a sentence / /
3. Learn the importance of / /

constructing sentence
4. be able to use noun and pronoun / /

in a sentence
Analysis
1. Do SMART objectives make the lesson more focused? Why?
SMART objectives really help the lesson become more focused

because with the utilization of such SMART learning objectives,
teachers are guided with regards to achieving the intended learning
outcomes or what they are expecting from the students.
Reflection
Reflect on the lessons learned in determining SMART learning objectives.
SMART goals help students to reflect on what they want from their
education and how to achieve it. They provide a template and framework for
students to go into more depth about their goals so they are not simply vague
statements, but rather actionable statements of intent. A lesson where you get
your students to set out their goals will often have students leaving the class
with a much deeper understanding of what they want out of their education
and how they might go about getting it.
Activity 9.3: Distinguishing between inductive and deductive methods of

teaching
Cooperating School:
Observe
Teacher Centered Student Centered
Did the teacher lecture all the time? Were students involved in the
teaching-learning process? How?
 Most of the time, sometimes
Were they mere passive recipients of
she allows student to give
opinion and ideas. instruction?
 Students were involving in a

teaching- learning process
because the teacher allows
sharing of ideas.
Was the emphasis on the mastery of Was the emphasis on the students’
the lesson or on the test? Prove. application of the lesson in real- life?
 There is mastery because she Prove.
explains the lessons clear and  Not observed
concise.
Was class atmosphere competitive? Was class atmosphere collaborative?

Why? Why?
 no  The atmosphere is
collaborative because students
are working together in class.
Did the teacher focus on one Did the teacher connect on other
discipline/subject? discipline/subject?
 The Teacher focuses on the  Yes

lesson but finds opportunity to
connect it to other fields
What teaching- learning practice shows that teaching approach was:

A. Constructivist
• The teacher let the learners review the past lesson to connect it to
the new topic.
Inquiry-based
 The teacher frequently asked topic-related questions to the learner,

especially during the discussion
Developmentally appropriate – learning activities fit the developmental stage of children
 The teacher taught the lesson with the aid of visual presentations
which enabled the learners to improve their way of perceiving things
Reflective
 The learners were asked about what they usually do at home.

Through it, they can connect the lesson to their own experiences.
Inclusive – no learner was excluded; teacher taught everybody.

 The teacher treated all the students fairly; she ensured that all the
learners can participate in the discussion or activity
Collaborative – students worked together
 The learners were given a task that required them to work in groups
Integrative – Lesson was multidisciplinary – e.g. In Science, math concepts were

taught.
 The teacher related the concept of the past lesson to the new topic in
order to make the learners understand easily.
Analysis
1. What are the possible consequences of teaching purely subject matter

for mastery and for the test?
Some learners may find it boring especially to slow learners. This will make the
lessons uninteresting thus make the student focus on something else. The
lesson becomes ineffective as the students have not absorbed anything from
the teacher.
Some students may find it

interesting especially to
those who are topping the
class, but for
some learners may find it
boring especially to slow
learners. Low achievers, I
believed,
loves a twist in order for
them to understand the
lesson.
2. If you were to reteach the classes you observed, would you be teacher-
centered or student- centered? Why?
Definitely student-centered. This kind learning makes students co-

creators of their own education, engaging them in decisions about what,
when, and how they learn. In doing so, SCL helps high schools prepare
students not only with academic knowledge, but also with the skills of self-
direction, curiosity, creativity, and collaboration they’ll need for future
success.
Reflection
Students succeed when what they’re learning matters to them. In student-centered

learning, students’ interest drives education. Student-centered learning gives
students the opportunity to decide two things: what material they learn and how
they learn it.
Link Theory to Practice

1. A
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. C
Episode 10: The Instructional Cycle
Activity 10.1: Applying the guiding principles in the Selection and Use of
Strategies
Cooperating School:
Observe
The more senses that are involved, The teacher uses TV to show the
the more and the better the learning reports of students.
Learning is an active process. The students have reporting and

group performances.
A non-threatening atmosphere The teacher appreciates participation

enhances learning. in class and treats everyone fairly.
Emotion has the power to increase The teacher asked them about their
retention and learning. day before starting the lesson.
Good teaching goes beyond recall of The teacher asked questions about
information. previous lesson and ask students
how to use them.
Learning is meaningful when it is The teacher asked how the students

connected to student’s everyday life. are able to use what they have
learned or how they can use it in the
future.
An integrated teaching approach is The teacher give the student more

far more effective than teaching information for them to use their
isolated bits of information. problem solving skills and critical
thinking.
Analysis
What is the best method of teaching? Is there such a thing?
There’s not just one way to teach.To argue that some teaching and
learning strategies are ineffective does not mean that there is only one correct
way to teach. While research suggests some practices are more effective than
others, it also needs to be realized that teaching is a complex business.
Teachers need various strategies and it will always depend on what type of
learners you have.
Reflection
Reflect on this question.
How do we select the appropriate strategy for our lessons?

The most effective teaching methods for you can often depend on the
material you are presenting and the way in which you might naturally be
inclined to teach. Students in your classroom can also dictate which methods
might work best, and you should evaluate your students to better understand
what methods to utilize. In general, however, multiple methods should
typically be used to ensure lessons are fully understood and to adapt the
information you are presenting to the needs of your students.

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Episode 9: Preparing for Teaching and Learning

Activity 9.1: demonstrating an understanding of research-based

Knowledge principles of teaching and learning

Resource Teacher: Teacher’s Signature:

Year/Grade Level and Section: Grade 10

2. Learning is an active process engages students in the learning

4. Learning is a cooperative and Giving students group activities let

1.What principles of learning were most applied? Least applied?

the most applied principle of learning is the “Learning is an active

Give instances where this/these principle/s of learning have been applied.

Resource Teacher: Teacher’s Signature:

Year/Grade Level and Section: Grade 10

LEARNING OUTCOMES (SMART Achieved

1. Describe what is noun / /

2. identify the noun in a sentence / /

3. Learn the importance of / /

4. be able to use noun and pronoun / /

1. Do SMART objectives make the lesson more focused? Why?

SMART objectives really help the lesson become more focused

Reflect on the lessons learned in determining SMART learning objectives.

Activity 9.3: Distinguishing between inductive and deductive methods of

Resource Teacher: Teacher’s Signature:

Year/Grade Level and Section: Grade 10

Teacher Centered Student Centered

 Students were involving in a

Was class atmosphere competitive? Was class atmosphere collaborative?

 The Teacher focuses on the  Yes

What teaching- learning practice shows that teaching approach was:

 The teacher frequently asked topic-related questions to the learner,

Developmentally appropriate – learning activities fit the developmental stage of children

 The learners were asked about what they usually do at home.

Inclusive – no learner was excluded; teacher taught everybody.

Collaborative – students worked together

Integrative – Lesson was multidisciplinary – e.g. In Science, math concepts were

1. What are the possible consequences of teaching purely subject matter

Some students may find it

Definitely student-centered. This kind learning makes students co-

Students succeed when what they’re learning matters to them. In student-centered

Link Theory to Practice

Episode 10: The Instructional Cycle

Resource Teacher: Teacher’s Signature:

Year/Grade Level and Section: Grade 10

Learning is an active process. The students have reporting and

A non-threatening atmosphere The teacher appreciates participation

Learning is meaningful when it is The teacher asked how the students

An integrated teaching approach is The teacher give the student more

What is the best method of teaching? Is there such a thing?

How do we select the appropriate strategy for our lessons?

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