Assignment 1 M

Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

ECN-232 (Engineering Electromagnetics) Assignment - 01
Autumn - 2022 Dated: 24/08/22
Total Marks- 60
1. A 4.7 pF capacitor with a relative dielectric constant of 4.6 and loss tangent of 0.003
is used in a circuit operated at 10 GHz. For a combined copper lead length of 1 cm
and diameter of 0.5 mm, determine (a) the lead resistance and lead reactance, and (b)
the conductance and the total impedance. The conductivity of the copper is given as
σ𝐶𝑢 = 64.5 × 106 Ω-1m-1. (2)
2. Show that the input impedance of a lossless transmission line repeats itself every half
wavelength [i.e., 𝐶𝑍𝑖𝑛 (𝑙𝑑 ) = 𝑍𝑖𝑛 (𝑙𝑑 + 𝑚(λ/2))], where 𝑙𝑑 is an arbitrary length and
m is an integer 0,1,2, … (2)
3. A signal generator is used to feed two loads, as shown in the following figure.
Find both the power produced by the source and the power delivered to each load. (3)
4. A radio transmitter is capable of producing 3 W output power. The transmitter is
connected to an antenna having a characteristics impedance of 75 Ω. The connection
is made using a lossless coaxial cable with 50 Ω characteristics impedance. Calculate
the power delivered to the antenna if the source impedance is 45 Ω and the cable
length 11 λ. (3)
5. A transistor has an input impedance of ZL = 25 Ω which is to be matched to a 50 Ω
microstrip line at an operating frequency of 500 MHz as shown in the Figure below
ZL
Zin
Z0 W ZLine
L
l=λ/4
z
in
e characteristics impedance of the quarter-wave parallel
Find the length, width, and
plate line transformer for which matching is achieved. The thickness of the dielectric
is d = 1 mm and ε𝑟 = 4. (2)
6. For the following system, compute the input power, the power delivered to the load,
and the insertion loss. Assume that all transmission lines are lossless. (2)
7. Show that the return loss and the insertion loss can be expressed in terms of voltage
standing wave ratio SWR as
𝑆𝑊𝑅+1 𝑆𝑊𝑅+1
𝑅𝐿 = 20 𝑙𝑜𝑔 and 𝐼𝐿 = 20 𝑙𝑜𝑔 . (2)
𝑆𝑊𝑅−1 2√𝑆𝑊𝑅
8. A 50 Ω transmission line is matched to a source and feeds a load of ZL = 75 Ω. If the

line is 3.4 λ long and has an attenuation constant α = 0.5 dB/ λ, find the power that is
(a) delivered by the source, (b) lost in the line, and (c) delivered in the load. The
amplitude of the signal produced by the source is 10 V. (3)
9. Compute the ABCD-matrix representation of the following transmission
characteristics impedance Z0, propagation constant β, and the length l. (2)
10. Draw the signal flow graph of 3-port and 4-port networks. (2)
11. Write down the S-parameters of the circulators and 180-degree hybrid coupler and
draw the signal flow graph. (2)
12. Using the definition of the ABCD networks representation, find the Y-parameter
description. (2)
13. For the following T-network inserted into a transmission line with characteristics
impedance of Z0 = 50 Ω, the three resistances are R1 = R2 = 8.56 Ω, and R3 = 141.8 Ω.
Find the S-parameters of this configuration and plot the insertion loss as a function of
inductance L for the frequency of f =2 GHz and L changing from 0 to 100 nH. (2)
14. Given that the input of an amplifier has a VSWR of 2 and output is given by VSWR =
3, find the magnitude of the input and output reflection coefficient. What does your
result mean in terms of S11 and S22? (2)
15. Using signal flow graph to find the power ratios P1/ P2 and P3/ P1 for the mismatched
three-port network shown in the accompanying figure. (3)
16. A four-port network has the scattering matrix shown below. If ports 3 and 4 are
connected with a lossless matched transmission line with an electrical length of 45
degree, find the resulting insertion loss and phase delay between ports 1 and 2. (2)
17. Show that it is impossible to construct a three-port network that is lossless, reciprocal,
and matched at all ports. Is it possible to construct a nonreciprocal three-port network
that is lossless and matched at all ports? (2)
18. A lossless transmission line system with characteristics line impedance Z0 and length l
is terminated into a load impedance ZL and attached to a source VG and source
impedance ZG, as shown in figure below. (a) Draw the signal flow graph and (b)
derive the input impedance formula at port 1 from the signal flowgraph
representation. (2)
19. MATLAB Problem (20 marks)
a. Find the ABCD parameter of the below network and plot the current gain for
different values of R starting from 200 ohm to 10 KOhm.
Parameters:
𝑟𝐵𝐸 = 520 Ω , 𝑟𝐶𝐸 = 80 𝐾Ω , 𝐶𝐵𝐸 = 10 pF , 𝐶𝐵𝐶 = 1 pF, and 𝑔𝑚 = 0.192 𝑆
𝐶 = 10 pF
𝐿 = 1 nH
Transmission line length 5 cm and phase velocity 65% of speed of light.

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Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee

Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering

8. A 50 Ω transmission line is matched to a source and feeds a load of ZL = 75 Ω. If the

𝑟𝐵𝐸 = 520 Ω , 𝑟𝐶𝐸 = 80 𝐾Ω , 𝐶𝐵𝐸 = 10 pF , 𝐶𝐵𝐶 = 1 pF, and 𝑔𝑚 = 0.192 𝑆

Transmission line length 5 cm and phase velocity 65% of speed of light.

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