ADSS PROJECT Name Pallavi Mahajan

Roll No. 514008

DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION TOWER
USING STAAD.Pro SOFTWARE Date 7-Dec-2023

PROBLEM STATEMENT :
A steel tower is to be erected for transmission on for a circuit three phase, 40 nos of cycle
per second to transmit 50mw at 0.75 power factor for 250 m. span. Consider below data for

Data to be used :-
A]Voltage concerning data:
Voltage of transmission = 132 kN
Power conductor = 30mm dia of ACSR consisting of 54 strands of 3mm
diameter of aluminum and 7 strands of 3 mm diameter
of steel shall be used.
Unit wt of conductor = 16.76 N/m
= 0.01676 kN/m
Permissible axial tension = 35.6 kN
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Youngs modulus of elasticity = 0.892 X 10 N/mm²

Coefficient of expansion = 0.00001992 /° C

Shape factor for conductor = 0.67

B] Ground wire:
10 mm dia of galvanized steel wire shall be used
Permissible axial tension = 25.4 kN

C] Clearance required:
Vertical bf of conductor above ground = 6 to 7 m
Vertical spacing b/w power conductor = 3 to 4 m
Horizontal spacing b/w power conductor = 6 to 7 m
Height of ground wire above top most power conductor shall be half of the horizontal
spacing of power conductors.
Telegraph wires shall not be provided under transmission.

D] Variation of temperature: = 5 to 60 °C

E] Wind Load:
Location = Bengaluru
Wind Speed = 33 m/sec
Terrain Category = 1

F] Tower:
Tangent type of tower with not more than 2° line deviation shall be erected

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SOLUTION :

Wind Pressure
Wind pressure as per IS 875 : Part 3 : 2015
Wind Speed = 33
Terrian Category = 1

Vb = 33 m/s
k1 = 1.06
k2 = Category 1 0-10 m 10- 15 m. 15 - 20 m. 20 -30 m.
1.05 1.09 1.12 1.15
k3 = 1
k4 = 1
Vz = k1 x k2 x k3 x k4 xVb
= 1.06 x 1.12 x 1 x 1x 33
= 36.729 m/s
0-10 m 10- 15 m. 15 - 20 m. 20 -30 m.
36.729 38.1282 39.1776 40.227
Kd = 1
Ka & Kc = 1

2 2
pz = 0.6 Vz Ka Kd Kc = 809.4 N/m

Design wind pressure pd

0-10 m 10- 15 m. 15 - 20 m. 20 -30 m.
0.81 0.88 0.93 0.98 kN/m²

Design Data

Power conductor = 30mm dia of ACSR consisting of 54 strands of 3mm

diameter of aluminum and 7 strands of 3 mm diameter
of steel shall be used.

Total area of Conductor = π/4 x d²

= 0.000707 m²
Net area of conductor = (π x 0.25 x 0.003² x 54) + (π x 0.25 x 0.003² x 7)
= 0.000431 m²
Unit wt of conductor (w) = 0.01676 kN/m
Permissible axial tension (T1) = 35.6 kN
Youngs modulus of elasticity = 89200000 kN/m²

Coefficient of expansion = 0.00001992 /° C

Shape factor for conductor = 0.67

Weight Span (L) = 250 m.

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 Vertical bf of conductor above ground = H1
= 7 m.
Vertical spacing b/w power conductor = H3
= 4 m.
Horizontal spacing b/w power conductor = Lh
= 7 m.
Height of ground wire above top conductor = H4
= 2 m.
Height of insulator (H2') = 1 m. …..(Assumed)
Cantilever arm = 2 m. …..(Assumed)

Maximum Sag of Conductor (H2)

The sag of conductor carrying uniform distributed load of intensity w kN per linear meter of
horozontally projected conductor is given by
wL²
d =
8PH
Where,
d = Sag of the conductor at 1/2 L
w = Unit weight of conductor with no wind
= 0.01676 kN/m
L = Weight Span
PH = Horizontal component of tension in the conductor

At the midspan, Horizontal component of tension of wire will be equal to tension at the mid
span

w1²L²EA w2²L²EA
T2²[(T2-T1)+ +(t2-t1)α.EA] =
24T1² 24
Where,
T1 = 35.6 kN
T2 = Tension in the cable at mid span
w1 = Weight of conductor with wind (per m length)
w2 = Weight of conductor without wind (per m length)
= 0.01676 kN/m
L = Weight Span
= 250 m
E = Youngs modulus of elasticity of conductor
89200000 kN/m²
A = Effiective / Net cross sectional area
= 0.0005 m²
t2-t1 = Variation of temperature
= 60-5
= 55 °C
α = Coefficient of expansion
= 0.00001992 /° C

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 w1 = Weight of conductor with wind (per m length)
Since the wind gusts are not likely to cover complete span and the swinging of the
conductors, the intensity of wind is decreased to 75 per cent

Wind Load per m = Dia. x wind pressure x Shape factor

= 0.03 x 0.98 x 0.75 x 0.67
= 0.014774 kN/m

Weight of the conductor at minimum temp. with wind

w1 = sqrt[(wind load per m)² + w2²]
= 0.02235 kN/m

w1²L²EA w2²L²EA
T2²[(T2-T1)+ +(t2-t1)α.EA] =
24T1² 24

T2²[(T2-35.6)+(0.02235²x250² x 89200000 x
( 0.01676² x 250² x 89200000 x
0.0005 / 24 x 35.6² ) + 55 x 0.00001992 x =
0.0005 ) / 24
89200000 x 0.0005

T2²[(T2-35.6)+(45.7781980110229) +
= 32625.08583
(48.86376 )

Therfore,
T2 = 18.6485 kN
PH = 18.6485 kN

Max. Sag d = 7.02134 m.

Say H2 = 8 m.

Height of the Tower

Total Height of Tower = H1 + H2 + H2' + H3 + H4
= 7+8+1+4+2
= 22 m.

Width of the Base of Tower

For stability requirment, the width of the tower at the base is kept as

= 1/4 x height of tower

= 5.5 m.

Width of tower at arm location = 1.5 m.

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Geometry of Structure From the STAAD.Pro

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3D Rendered View From STAAD.Pro

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 Loading on Structure

Dead Load
Selfweight of the structure is taken into STAAD using selfweight command.

Conductor Load in Normal = Length of Conductor x Unit Weight

Working Condition = 250 x 0.01676
= 4.19 kN …..(Acting Downward)

Top Conductor Break Load = 60 % of noramal Working Load

= 2.52 kN …..(Acting Horizontally)

Ground Wire Load in Normal = Length of Ground Wire x Unit Weight

Working Condition = 250 x 0.01676
= 4.19 kN …..(Acting Downward)

Ground Wire Break Load = 60 % of noramal Working Load

= 2.52 kN …..(Acting Horizontally)

Working Conidtions Loads Top Conductor Break Condition Ground Wire Break Condition

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 Wind Load
Wind load on the structure is applied in STAAD using wind pressure stated above
Further Wind load on the structure is applied on the structure

Wind Load on Conductor = Dia. X Wind pressure x Sagged Length of Conductor

Sagged Length of Conductor = 260.65 m.

Wind Load on Conductor in = 0.03 x 0.98 x 260.65

Normal Working Condition = 7.67 kN …..(Acting Horizontally)

Wind Load on Conductor in = 60 % of noramal Working Load

Top Conductor Break = 4.602 kN …..(Acting Horizontally)

Wind Load on Ground Wire = Dia. X Wind pressure x Length of Ground Wire

Length of Ground Wire = 250 m.

Wind Load on Ground Wire = 0.01 x 0.98 x 250

in Normal Working Condition = 2.45 kN …..(Acting Horizontally)

Wind Load on Ground Wire = 60 % of noramal Working Load

in Break Condition = 1.47 kN …..(Acting Horizontally)

Wind Load in X Direction Wind Load in Z Direction

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DESIGN RESULTS

Deflection For The Structure

View From Z Axis