nghpaGuhzj;jpy; gf;jp

Md;kPf newpiaNa ‘gf;jp’ khh;fk; vd;gh;. kdpjd; jd;

tuk;Gf;F kPwpa, ,aw;if, ,aw;if rhh;e;j epfo;Tfisf; fz;Lk;,
fhzh

kYk; jpzWfpwhd;. mjw;fhd newpia tFf;fTk;

Kbatpy;iy. tpthjpj;Jk; gadpy;iy. mJNt ‘Md;kh’ newpahf
Md;kPf newpahf cUkhwpw;W.

,iwtdplj;jpy; nfhs;Sk; md;igNa ‘gf;jp’ vd;gh;. mjw;Fk;

Nkyhd nghpNahh;fsplj;Jk;, Kd;Ndhhplj;Jk; nfhz;l ngUk;
<LghLk; gf;jpaha; kyh;e;jJ. guk; nghUsha; vq;FKs;s ,iwtd;
kPJ nfhz;l gf;jpNa cah;e;jhFk;. ,itNa kdpj Fyk; nfhz;l
kpfr; rpwe;j gf;jpahf tpsq;FfpwJ.

Ik;G+jq;fshd epyk;, ePh;, jP, tsp, tpRk;G Mfpatw;wpd;

,af;fk; Kjy; Ik;Gyd;fshd fz;, fhJ, %f;F, tha;, czh;r;rp
Mfpatw;wpd; nray;fs; tiuapy; ahtw;wpw;Fk; fhuzpahf
tpsq;Fgtd; ,iwtNd Mthd;. ‘J}zpYk; ,Ug;ghd; JUk;gpYk;
,Ug;ghd;’ vd;w gonkhopf;F Vw;g vq;Fk; gue;J tphpe;J
vy;iyapy;yhky; epiwe;J epd;W ,t;Tyif ,af;Fk; guk;nghUis
vz;zp Ntl;if nfhz;l Nghf;Nf gf;jp newpahFk;. kjq;fsha;
tphptile;jhYk; kdpjd; ,iwtid ehLjiyNa nghJthd
khh;f;fkhff; nfhz;L mf;fUj;jpw;Nfw;g tho;e;jhd;.

cynfyhk; czHe;J Xjw;fhpatd; KjYk; KbTk;

,y;yhjtd;, vq;Fk; epiwe;jpUg;gtd;, gpwth ahf;ifg; nghpNahd;,
mUl;ngUk; NrhjpahfTk;, jdpg; ngUq; fUizahfTk;,
tpsq;Ffpd;w rptngUkhid, miltjw;F xNu newpjhd; cs;sJ.
mJ md;NghL $ba mwnewpNa MFk;. ,jiid mwpe;Nj
jpU%yUk; ‘md;Ng rptk;’ vd;W $WfpwhH.

92
 ,iwtdpd; jpUtUisg; ngw gf;jp khh;f;fj;ijg; gpd;gw;wp
nraw;fhpa nraiyr; nra;j rptdbahHfspd; gf;jpapid Ma;e;J
vLj;Jiug;gjhf ,t;tpay; mike;Js;sJ.

rptdbahh;fspd; gf;jp

cz;ik md;NghLk; gf;jpNahLk; rpwg;NghLk; ,iwtid

tzq;fp ,iwaUs; ngw;w rptdbahh;fs; gyh;. mth;fspd; gf;jp
mstpl KbahjJ.

“vtuhYk; fhz;gjw;fhpadha; epw;Fk; ,iwtd;, jd;dplk;

md;G nra;thHf;F vspjpy; trg;gLthd;. jtj;jpy; xOfp

cUFthH cs;sj;Js; mt;TUtha; epiyngw;W

mUs;fpd;whd;. ,iwtdhy; tpUk;gp Ml;nfhs;sg;

gl;ltHfs; mtdJ mbahHfs;. ,iwtd; kPJ nfhz;Ls;sg;

Ngud;gpdhy;, jk; Nkdpapy; kapHg;GsfKk; cly; eLf;fKk;

kd nefpo;Tk; cila mtHfs; ,iwj;njhz;ilNa

jk; flikaha; Vw;W tho;gtHfshtH.”1

vd;w fUj;ij jpUj;njhz;lh; tuyhW vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

,jd; top rptdbahh;fspd; gf;jpapidAk;, rptngUkhdpd;

ngUikiaAk; $wpAs;s jd;ik czuj;jf;fJ.

Nrf;fpohH gf;jp

Nrf;fpohH ngUkhd; rptngUkhDf;Fhpa jpUMjpiu ehspy;

jpUj;njhz;lH Guhzk; ghl Mly; ty;yhid Ntz;bdhh;.
rptngUkhd; ‘cynfyhk;’ vd;W mb vLj;Jf; nfhLf;fr; Nrf;fpohh;
Xq;fhug; gpuztj;NjhL nghpa Guhzj;ij ,aw;w Nkw;fz;l

93
nra;jpia ckhgjp rpthr;rhhpahH Nrf;fpohH Guhz E}ypy;
vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whh;. ,jid,

“Nrf;fpohd; ekJ njhz;lH rPHgut ehk; kfpo;e;(J) cyfk; vd;Wek;

thf;fpdhy; mb vLj;Jiuj;jpl tiue;J E}y; nra;J Kbj;jdd;

fhf;f Nty;tst epilf; fbJNfs; vdf;fdf ntspapNy

Cf;fkhd jpUthf;nfOe;J jpUr;rpyk; nghypAk; clneo”2

(Nr. G. gh -64)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

Nrf;fpohH flTs; tho;j;J

jkpo;g; Gyth;fSs; ngUk;ghd;ikNahh; cyF vd;w nrhy;iy

Kjypy; itj;J ghlj; njh;q;Fthh;. mt;topapy; nghpaGuhzj;ij
ghba Nrf;fpohUk; gpd;gw;wpAs;shh;.

“cynf yhk;czHe; Njhjw; fhpatd;

epyT yhtpa ePh;kyp Ntzpad;

myfpy; Nrhjpad; mk;gyj; jhLthd;

kyh;rp yk;gb tho;j;jp tzq;F thk;.”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 1)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

‘cyfk;’ vd;w xU nrhy;ypy; Xq;fhug; gpuzt ke;jpu %y

vOj;Jfs; Mfpa m, c, k; vd;w %d;Wk; cs;sd. ‘m’ fu xyp
gilj;jiyAk; ‘c’ fu xyp fhj;jiyAk; ‘k’ fu xw;nwhyp
xLf;fj;ijAk; czHj;Jk;. fk;gh; ,uhkfhijia, Xq;fhug; gpuzt
ke;jpuj;jpy; njhlq;fp ghbAs;shh;. ,jid

94
 “cyfk; ahitAk; jhKs Mf;fYk;’’3

(fk;gd; gh -1)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

jpUts;StUk; jpUf;Fwis Xq;fhuj;jpy; ,Ue;J njhlq;fp

cs;shH. ‘mfu’ vd;w rPhpy; mfuKk; Kjy vd;w rPhpy; Kjy;
vOj;jhfpa ‘K’vd;gjpy; ‘k;’‘c’ vd;w vOj;Jfs; mlq;fpAs;sd.
,jid,

“mfu Kjy vOj;njy;yhk; Mjp

gftd; Kjw;Nw cyF’’4 (Fws; -1)

“cyfk; ctg;g tyNdH GjphpjU’’5

(jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil gh -1)

jppUKUfhw;Wg; gilAk;, Xq;fhug; gpuztj;jpy;

njhlq;fpapUg;gij ek;khy; mwpa KbfpwJ. Nrf;fpohH ‘Xk;’ vd;w
gpuzt kiwnghUisf; Fwpg;ghf czHj;jpAs;sik ehk; mwpa
Kbfpd;wJ.

jpUehisg; NghthH ehadhh; gf;jp

Nrhoehl;by; cs;s Nkw;fhy;ehL vd;Dk; gFjpapYs;s

MjD}hpy; Giyah; Fyj;jpy; ee;jdhh; Njhd;wpdhh;. ee;jdhH
rptngUkhdplk; md;G nfhz;L rpt Myaq;fspy; cs;s Nghpif,
KoT, aho; Kjypa fUtpfSf;F Njhy;, thh;euk;G, NfhNuhrid
Nghd;wtw;iwf; nfhLj;J te;jhh;. xUKiw ee;jdhh; jpUg;Gd;$H
rptd;Nfhapy; topghl;bw;Fr; nrd;whH. rptd; topghl;bd;NghJ ee;jp
,iwtid kiwj;jpUe;jJ. rptngUkhd; fhl;rp fpilf;ftpy;iy
mjdhy; ee;jdhh; md;gpd; kpFjpahy; ,iwtidg; ghb gf;jpNahL
frpe;JUfpdhh;. rptngUkhd; mbahH kPJ md;G nfhz;L ee;jpia

95
tpyfp ,Uf;fr; nra;jhH. ee;jdhH Nehpy; epd;W rptngUkhid
topgl;lhH. ,jid,

“rPh;VWk; ,irghbj; jpUj;njhz;lh; jpUthapy;

NeNuUk; gplNtz;Lk; vdepidj;jhh;f;F mJNeh;thh;

fhNuWk; vapw;Gd;$Hf; fz;ZjyhH jpUKd;G

NghNuw;iw tpyq;fmUs; Ghpe;jUspg; Gyg;gLj;jhH’’

(nghpa Guhz. gh- 1062)

“rptNyhfk; cilatHje; jpUthapy; Kd;dpd;W

gyNyhfq; flg;gtHjk; gzptpl;Lg; gzpe;njOe;J

RtNyhL thh;miyag; Nghthh;gpd;G xU R+oy;

mtNyhLk; mLj;jJfz;L Mjhpj;Jf; Fsk;njhl;lhh;.’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 1063)

vd;w ghly;fs; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

ee;jdhH fdtpy; rptngUkhd; vOe;jUspf; $wpathW

,iwtd; jpUtb vz;zpj; njhOJ neUg;gpy; GFe;jhH. nre;jP
eLtz; ee;jdhH, nre;jhkiu eLtz; ,Uf;Fk; gpukidg; Nghy;
Njhd;wpdhH. Gz;zpa khKdp tbtk; nfhz;L ntspte;jhH.
ntz;Z}y; khHgpy; tpsq;fj; jiyapy; rilKbNahL ntspg;gl;lhH.

me;jzHfs; ee;jdhiuf; if njhOjdH. thdtH G+kio

nghopa me;jzHfs; gpd; nry;y ee;jdhH Kd; nrd;whH. ee;jdhH
NfhGuj;ijf; ifnjhOJ NfhapYs; GFe;J Mly;ty;yhid jpUtb
fz;L jhprpj;jhh;. ,jid,

“jpy;iytho; me;jzUk; cld; nry;yr; nrd;nwa;jpf;

96
nfhy;iykhd; kwpf;fuj;jhH NfhGuj;ijj; njhOjpiwQ;rp

xy;iyNgha; cs;GFe;jhH: cyFa;a elkhLk;

vy;iyapidj; jiyg;gl;lhH ahtHfSk; fz;byuhy;”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 1080)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

,iwnewpj; jtwhj rptdbahh;fspd; gf;jp

rptdbahh;fs; Mf;fKk; mopTk; ,y;yhj epiyj;j

nry;tj;jpid cilatHfs;. XLk;, nrk;nghd;Dk; xf;f Nehf;Fk;
jd;ik cilatHfs;. ngUfptUk; md;gpy; ,iwtid
tzq;FjiyNa ngUk; Ngwhff; nfhz;lth;fs;. tPLNgWk; tpUk;ghj
jd;ik cilatHfs;. ,iwnewpj; njhz;Lk; ,iwtd; Nky;
gf;jpAk; ngUk; Ngwhf vz;zp tho;e;jth;fs; ,jid,

“NfLk; Mf;fKk; nfl;l jpUtpdhH

XLQ; nrk;nghd;Dk; xf;fNt Nehf;FthH

$Lk; md;gpdpy; Fk;gplNy md;wp

tPLk; Ntz;lh tpwypd; tpsq;fpdhH’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh-143)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ.

jpUj;njhz;lj;njhif gpwe;j fij

jpUth&H Njthrphpa kz;lgj;jpy; cs;s mbahiuj; njhohky;

nrd;w Re;juiu tpwy; kpz;lH njhz;lH $l;lj;jpy; ,Ue;J xJf;fp
itj;jhH. nra;jp mwpe;j Re;juH jpUj;njhz;lHfis topgl;L tyk;
te;jhH. ,iwtd; Re;juH fdtpy; Njhd;w mbahH ngUikfis
vy;yhk; vLj;J tpsf;fpdhH.

97
 mbahHfs; ngUikahy; vk;ikg; Nghd;wtH: ,ay;gha; vk;ikj;
jdf;Nf chpikaha;g; ngw;wth; vk;Kld; xd;wp epd;w epiyapdhy;
cyfj;ij ntd;wth;fs; gf;jp newpapy; epd;W md;gpdhy; ,d;gk;
ngWgth;fs;. mj;jifNahiur; nrhw;wkpohy; ghLf ‘jpy;iytho;
me;jzH jk; mbahHf;Fk; mbNad;’ vd;W mb vLj;Jf; nfhLf;fr;
Re;juH jpUj;njhz;lj; njhif vd;w E}iy vz;rPH tpUj;jq;fshy;
ghbdhH. vz;jpirapYk; ,iwtd; GfOk; mbahH GfOk; vd;Wk;
epiyf;Fk;gb ghb Kbj;jhh;. vLj;j vLg;gpy; jpy;iy %thapu
mbahHfl;F tzf;fk; nrhy;yp gf;jpNahL E}iyj; njhlq;fpdhH.
,jid,

“njhy;iykhy; tiu gae;j J}ahs;jd; jpUg;ghfd;

my;yy; jPHe; JyFa;a kiwaspj;j jpUthf;fhy;

jpy;iytho; me;jzH jk; mbahHf;Fk; mbNad;’ vd;W

vy;iyapy;tz; Gfohiu vLj;jpirg;gh nkhop’ vd;whH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh-345)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

jpUj;njhz;lj; njhifapy; gf;jp

jpUj;njhz;lj; njhifapy; rptdhH jpUf;Nfhapiy epHthfk;

nra;Ak; jpy;iy %thaputHf;F tzf;fk; nrhd;dhH. jpUePyfz;l
ehadhiuAk;, ,y;iyNa vdgij mwpahj ,aw;gif ehadhiuAk;,
,isahd;Fb khwehadhh;, nka;gn
; ghUs; ehadhh;, tpwd;kpz;l
ehadhh;, mkh;ej
P p ehadhh; MfpNahiu tzq;fp gpd;dh; fq;ifr;
rilKbahd; foy; kwthjtHfshd jk; jha; je;ijaHf;F
gf;jpNahL tzf;fk; $wp E}iyr; Re;juH epiwT nra;Js;shh;.
,jid,

“jpy;iytho; me;jzHjk; mbahHf;Fk; mbNad;

98
jpUePy fz;lj;Jf; FatdhHf; fbNad;

,y;iyNa vd;dhj ,aw;giff;Fk; mbNad;

,isahd;jd; Fbkhwd; mbahHf;Fk; mbNad;

nty;Ykh kpfty;y nka;gn

; ghUSf; fbNad;

tphpnghopy;#o; Fd;iwahH tpwd;kpz;lw;F mbNad;

my;ypnkd; Ky;iyae;jhH mkHePjpf; fbNad;

M&ud; M&hpy; mk;khDf; fhNs’’6

(Re;juh; Njthuk; gh - 7:63:1)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ.

Re;juH gf;jp

xU Kiw Re;juh; jpUf;nfby ejpapy; ePuhbj;

jpUtPul;lhNdRtuiu tzq;fp gpd;G nghJ klj;jpy; jq;fp gLj;J
cwq;Fk;NghJ jd; jpUKbapd; kPJ Kjpa kiwNahH Ntlk;nfhz;l
rptd; jpUtbg; gl;lJ. Re;juH kiwatNd! Ek; jpUtb vk; jpUKb
kPJ gl;lJ’ vd;whH. KJik fhuzkhf cd;kPJ gl;lJ vd;W
kiwNahH nrhy;yr; Re;juH rw;Wj; js;spj; Japd;whH. mg;NghJk;
kiwNahH fhy; Re;juH jiyapy; gl;lJ. jd;idg; gyfhYk; kpjpj;j
kiwatNu ePh; ahH? vd tpdt vd;id ‘mwpe;jpiyNah’ vd;W
Kjpatuhf te;j rptngUkhd; kiwe;jhH. kiwe;j rptngUkhid
Re;juH gf;jpNahL ghbj; Jjpj;jhH. ,jid,

“mq;Fktd; jpUKbNky; kPl;Lk; mtH jhs; ePl;lr;

nrq;fay;gha; jlk;Gil#o; jpUeht Y}uhsp

,q;nfd;idg; gyfhYk; kpjpj;jideP ahH vd;idf;

fq;if rilf; fue;jgpuhd; mwpe;jpiyNah vdf; fue;jhd;’’

99
 (nghpa. Guhz. gh -233)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

jpUePyfz;l ehadhhpd; gf;jp

jpUePyfz;lehadhh; ngha;ik ePq;fp mwnewpapy; tho;e;jhH.

jpy;iy rpw;wk;gyg; ngUkhd; mbahHfl;F md;Gg; gzp nra;tH.
FatH Fyr; rhd;NwhH MtH. eQ;rzpe;j jpUePyfz;lj;jpd; Nky;
gw;Wf; nfhz;ltH. mjdhy; jpUePyfz;lh; vdg; ngah; ngw;whh;.
kidahis tpLj;J ,d;gj;Jiwapy; vspaH MdhH. mjdhy;
ClYw;Wj; jpUePyfz;lH kidahs; jpUePyfz;lj;jpd; kPJ
Mizapl;L vk;ikj; jPz;Ljy; $lhnjd ciuj;jhs;. jpUePyfz;lH
kidahsplk; ‘vk;ik’ vd;W eP $wpajhy; khjhpdj;ij ehd;
kdjhYk; jPz;Nld;’ vd;W cWjp $wp mij tho;ehspy;
filgpbj;J te;jhH.

,iwtd; ,y;ywj; jk;gjpahiu ,izf;fj; jpUcs;sk;

nfhz;lhH. jpUNthL $ba jpUNthL xd;iw ePyfz;lhplk; nfhLj;J
kPz;Lk; Nfl;Fk; NghJ jUkhW rptngUkhd; KjpatH tbtpy; je;J
nrd;whH. ,iwtd; jpUmUshy; jpUePyfz;lH kiwtha;g; Gijj;J
itj;j jpUNthL kiwe;jJ.

Kjpath; tbtpy; te;j ,iwtd; kWgbAk; te;J

jpUNthl;ilf; Nfl;lhh;. jpUePyfz;lh; jpUNthL ‘kiwe;j khak;
mwpNad;’ vd;W $wpdhH. tof;F jpy;iytho; %thaputhplk;
nrd;wJ. KjpatH tbtpy; te;j ,iwtd; kd;wj;jhhplk; kfidg;
gpbj;J cz;ikahfj; jpUNthL kiwe;jJ vdr; rj;jpak; nra;J
juf; NfhhpdhH. kftpy;iy vd;whH jpUePyfz;lh;. mg;gbnad;why;
kidtpiag; gpbj;J rj;jpak; nra;a Ntz;bdhH. jpUePyfz;lh;
kidtpiaj; jPz;lhf; fhuzj;ijf; $wpdhH. gpd;G xU Nfhiy
itj;J ,UKidAk; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;L ePhpy; %o;fpr; rj;jpak;
nra;J vOe;j NghJ ,iwaUshy; jpUNthL ngw;w NghJs;s

100
,sik ngw;whH. ,iwtd; je;j jpUNthl;bw;F khwhf NtW
jpUNthL jUtjhf mbahH $wpaNghJ rptngUkhd; jhd; je;j
jpUNthNl Ntz;Lnkdf; Nfl;ljpy; xU jj;Jtk; cs;sJ.

,iwtd; je;j jpUNthlhfpa clk;igj; jpUePyfz;lH

kiwnahOf;fj;jhy; gho;gLj;jpdhH. ,iwtd; je;j jpUNthlhfpa
clk;ig xOf;fj;jhy; Ngz Ntz;;Lk; vd;gJ Mokhd
jj;JtkhFk;. jPa czthYk; jPa xOf;fj;jhYk; clk;G nfLk;
vd;gJ jpUePy fz;l ehadhH Guhzj; jj;Jtk;. clk;G
xOf;fj;jhy; mopAk; NghJ capUk; nfhQ;rk; nfhQ;rkhf mopT
ngwj; njhlq;Fk;. ,jid,

“xOf;fk; tpOg;gk; juyhy; xOf;fk;

caphpDk; Xk;gg; gLk;”7 (Fws; -131)

vd;W ts;StUk;,

“clk;ghH mopapd; capuhH moptH

jplk;gl nka;Q;Qhdk; NruTk; khl;lhH

clk;ig tsHf;Fk; cghak; mwpe;Nj

clk;ig tsHj;Njd; capHtsHj;NjNd”8

(jpUke;jpuk; 724)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ.

,iwtid gf;jpNahL tzq;fpa fhuzj;jhy; jpUePyfz;lhpd;

,Of;fk; jPHe;J mbahH clk;G J}a;ik ngw;wJ. jpUePyfz;lhpd;
gf;jp newp mtH tho;tpy; nka;Q;Qhd xsp cz;lhf;fpaJ. Gjy;tH
ngha;apy; rPUld; tpsq;f ,iwnewpahfpa gf;jp cjTk;. ,iwtd;
jpUtbia gf;jpNahL njhOgtH kz;zpy; ePL tho;thH. ,jid,

“kyHkpir Vfpdhd; khzb NrHe;jhH

101
epykpir ePLtho; thH”9 (Fws; - 3)

vd;W ts;StUk;,

jpUePyfz;lH cz;ikahd gf;jpNahL ,iwtid topgl;ljhy;

nka;Q;Qhdk; ngw;whh; ,jid,

“thtpapy; %o;fp VWq; fztUk; kidtp ahUk;

Nktpa %g;G ePq;fp tpUg;GWk; ,sik ngw;Wj;

NjtUk; KdptH jhKk; rpwg;nghL nghopAe; nja;tg;

G+tpd;kh kioapd; kPs %o;FthH Nghd;W Njhd;w”

( nghpa. Guhz. gh-398 )

“me;epiy mtiuf; fhZk; mjprak; fz;lhH vy;yhk;

Kd;dpiy epd;w Ntj Kjy;tiuf; fz;lhH ,y;iy:

,d;epiy ,Ue;j tz;zk; Vd;? vd kUz;L epd;whh;

Jd;dpa tpRk;gp D}L JizAld; tpilNkw; fz;lhH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh-399)

vd;w ghly;fs; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wd.

,aw;gif ehadhH gf;jp

,aw;gifehadhH Gfhhpy; gpwe;jth;. mth; tzpfH Fyj;jtH.

rptdbahHfs; vJ Nfl;gpDk; ,y;iy vdhJ <Ak; jd;ik
cilath;. ,iwtd; Ntjpauha; te;jhH ,aw;gif ehadhhpd;
kidahisf; Nfl;lhH. ,aw;gif ehadhH kd ctg;NghL
kidahis mbahhplk; xg;gilj;jhH.

ghJfhg;ghf Ch; vy;iyiaj; jhz;b NtjpaH nrd;wij

mwpe;j ehadhH ,y;yk; jpUk;gpdhH. mg;NghJ ngha;apy;yh cs;sk;

102
nfhz;l ehadhiu NtjpaH tbtpy; te;j rptdhH miof;fYw;whH.
‘,aw;gif KdptNu eyk;! md;gNd eyk;! nraw;fUk; nray;
nra;jtNd eyk;!’ vd;wioj;jhh;. mioj;j xyp Nfl;L nrd;w
,aw;gif ehadhh; kidtpiaf; fz;lhH. kNfridf; fz;byH.
,aw;gif ehadhH kiwe;j ,iwtidg; Nghw;wp gf;jpNahL
topgl;lhH.

,aw;gifahH jd; kidtpia mbathplk; xg;gilj;j NghJ

kidahs; Kfg; nghypT kq;fhJ fztd; tpUg;gNk jd; tpUg;gk;
vd ,ire;jhh; vd;fpw nghOJ ,aw;gifahhpd; ,y;yhs; jd;
fztd; kPJ nfhz;l md;igAk; ,iwtd; Nky; nfhz;l
gf;jpiaAk; fhzKbfpwJ. ,jid,

“jpUtsH rpwg;gpd; kpf;f jpUj;njhz;lh; jkf;Fe; Njw;wk;

kUtpa nja;tf; fw;gpd; kidtpahH jkf;Fj; jf;f

ngUfpa mUspd;ePL Ngwspj; jpikNahH Vj;jg;

nghUtpilg; ghfH kd;Dk; nghw;nghJ mjDl; Gf;fhH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh –437)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpwJ.

,aw;gif ehadhhplk; te;j rptdbahh; ,aw;gifahh;

kidtpiaf; Nfl;lJk; mbahh; Nfl;lTld; ,aw;gif ehadhh;
kidtpiag; ghh;j;J rptdbahUld; nry;f vd ciug;gJk; kdpjj;
jd;ikaw;w nrayhFk;. ,Ug;gpDk; ,aw;gifehadhh;
rptdbahh;fsplKk;> ,iwtdplKk; nfhz;l gf;jpiaf; fhz
KbfpwJ.

,isahd;Fbkhw ehadhH gf;jp

VHj;njhopy; Ghpe;J Vw;wk; nfhz;l ,isahd;Fb khw

ehadhH. FNgud; Nghd;W nry;tr; nropg;NghL tho;e;Js;shh;.
103
me;epiyapy; jd;id ehb tUk; rptdbahh;nfy;yhk; ehy;tif
czit mWRitNahL tpUe;jspg;gtH. ,isahd;Fbkhwh;
tWikAw;w NghJk; rptdbahiug; NgZk; mwj;ijf;
iftpltpy;iy ,jid itakwpa ,iwtd; ehadhHf;F tWik
cz;lhf;fpdhH. rptdbahh;Ntlk; nfhz;L ehadhH ,y;yj;ij
es;sputpy; ez;zpdhh;. jdf;F grpj;jikia mbahHf;F
czHj;jpdhH. mbahH kidtp tPl;by; mhprpapd;ikAk;, fld;
nfhLg;ghhpd;ikAk; $wpdhH.

fodpapy; tpijj;j ney;iy vLj;J tUkhW kidtp $wpdhH.

,isahd;Fb khwdhH kidahs; $wpathW taypy; tpijj;j
ney;iyf; $ilapy; vLj;J te;jhH. mij tWj;J mhprpahf;fp
cs;shh;. mLg;nghpf;f $iuiag; gphpj;J cs;shh;. fwpaKJf;fhff;
nfhy;iyapy; Kisj;j fPiuiag; gwpj;J te;jhH. rptdbahiu
mKJz;z mioj;J tUkhW ,isahd; Fbkhwd; kidahs;
Ntz;bdhs;. nka;j;jt Ntlk; nfhz;L te;j rptngUkhd; ,lg
thfdj;jpd; kPJ cikNahL fhl;rp je;jhH.’ FNgud; Vty; nra;a
,d;g tPL mile;J tho;f’ vd;W mUspdhH vd;gij mwpa
Kbfpd;wJ.

,isahd;Fbkhw ehadhhpd; tuyhw;wpypUe;J ehk; mwptJ

Gwr;nry;tk; vd;Wk; mopaf; $baJ. vg;NghJk; moptpy;yh nry;tk;
kdk; xd;Wjhd;. kdkpUe;jhy; khHfk; cz;L vd;gJ gonkhop.
,tw;wpypUe;J ehadhhpd; md;igAk;, mthpd; gf;jpiaAk; mwpa
KbfpwJ. ,jid,

“md;gNd! md;gH G+ir mspj;j eP mzq;fp NdhLk;

vd;ngUk; cyfk; va;jp ,Uepjpf; fpotd; jhNd

Kd;ngU epjpak; Ve;jp nkhoptop Vty; Nfl;g

,d;gkhHe; jpUf;f vd;Nw mUs;nra;jhd; vtHf;Fk; kpf;fhd;”

104
 (nghpa. Guhz. gh- 465)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ

mkHePjp ehadhH gf;jp

rptngUkhd; Nfhtz cilAk;, Kg;Ghp E}Yk; khd;NjhYk;

mzpe;J rptdbahH Nfhyj;jpy; mkHePjp ehadhhplk; te;Js;shh;.
rptdbahH tUifia mkHePjpahH ngUe;jtkhf; fUjpdhH.
jttbtpy; te;j ,iwtd; mkHePjpaplk; Nfhtzk; je;J
mijj;jhk; Ntz;Lk;NghJ ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjhff; $wpr; nrd;wJk;
mkHePjpahH mf;Nfhtzj;ij ghJfhg;ghf itj;Js;shh;. Rptdbahh;
kPz;Lk; te;J Nfl;Fk;NghJ Nfhtzk; kiwe;J Nghapw;W.
mkHePjpahH NtW Nfhtzk; jUtjhff; $wpdhH.

Rptdbahh; Ntlj;jpy; te;j ngUkhd; kWj;jhH. xU Nfhtzk;

je;J me;j msT vilAs;s nghUisj; jUtjhf mkHePjp
ehadhH $wpa fUj;ij xg;Gf;nfhz;Ls;shH. mkHePjp ehadhH xU
juhrpy; Nfhtzj;ijAk; kw;nwhU juhrpy; jd; tPl;Lg; nghUs;fs;,
mzpfyd;fs;, Milfs; mizj;Jk; nfhz;Lte;J itj;jhH.
Nfhtzj; juhRf;F rkkhftpy;iy. mkHePjpahH jk; ,y;yhSld;
juhirr; Rw;wp te;J ‘jpUePw;W nka;abik md;gpy; gpioj;jpyk;
vdpy; ngUe;Jiy NeH epw;f’ vd;W mQ;nrOj;Njhjpj; juhRj;
jl;by; VwpdhH.

juhR Neh; epw;f mUs; nra;AkhW ,iwtid gf;jpNahL

Ntz;bdH. juhR NeH epd;wJ. thdtH G+kio nghope;jdH. ,iwtd;
khnjhU ghfdha;f; fhl;rp je;jhH.

,iwtdplk; jd;idNa xg;gilf;fj; Jzpe;jjhy; ,iwtd;

jpUmUs; fpilg;gJ vspjhFk; vd;w jj;Jtk; ,jdhy; GydhFk;.
,iwtdplk; jd;id milf;fykhfj; jUk; Md;kh ,iwapd;gk;
ngUk;. ,jid,

105
“ehjH jk;jpU tUspdhy; ew;ngUe; JiyNa

kPJ nfhz;nlO tpkhdk; jhfpNkw; nry;yf;

Nfhjpy; md;gUk; FLk;gKk; Fiwtwf; nfhLj;j

Mjp %Hj;jpah Uld; rptGhpapid mize;jhH” (nghpa. Guhz. gh-

549)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

vwpge;j ehadhH gf;jp

Nrho ehl;by; gl;lj;J ahid tPo;e;jJk; muz;kidf; fhtyH

thapy; fhtydplk; $wpdhd;. nra;jp Gfo;r;NrhoDf;F vl;baJ.
Gfo;r;Nrhod; ehw;gil R+og; Gwg;gl;lhd;. fspw;wpd; vjpNu vwpge;j
ehadhH epw;ff; fz;L kd;dd; jpifg;Gw;whd;. fspW jtW
nra;jhyd;wp ehadhH nfhy;yhH vd KbT nra;jhd;. ehadhiu
mZfpg; ghfidAk; ahidiaAk; nfhd;why; NghJkh vd;W
tpdtpdhd;. Gfo;r; Nrhod; thshy; jd;idj; jhNd nfhy;y
Kad;whd;. cld; vwpge;jH thisg; gw;wpr; Nrho kd;ddpd;
ngUe;jifik vz;zp, vwpge;jH jd;idj;jhNd ntl;bf; nfhs;s
Kad;w NghJ Nrhod; vwpge;j ehadhH ifiag; gw;wpdhd;.

md;G kpf;FilaPH! njhz;bd; Nkd;ik fhl;l Mly;ty;yhd;

mUshy; epfo;ej
; J’ vd thd; thf;F vOe;jJ. cld; ahidAk;
ghfUk; capH ngw;W vOe;jdH. Gfo;r; Nrhod;, vwpge;jH, rptfhkp
Mz;lhh;, ghfHfs; Mfpa midtUk; jpUMdpiyf; Nfhtpy;
rptngUkhidr; nrd;W gf;jpNahL tzq;fp ,iwtd; md;igg;
ngw;W mwk; tOthJ Nghw;wp te;jdH. ,jid,

“MSilj; njhz;lH nra;j Mz;ikAk; jd;ikf; nfhy;y

thspidf; nfhLj;J epd;w tstdhH ngUik jhDk;

ehSkw; wtHf;F ey;Fk; ek;gH jhk; msf;fp yd;wp

106
ePSk; ,j;njhz;bd; ePHik epidf;fpy;MH msf;f ty;yhH?”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 606)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

fz;zg;g ehadhH gf;jp

kfthpe;j rpWj;njhz;liuAk;, khJ nrhd;d #shy; ,sik

Jwe;j jpUePyfz;liuAk;, ehshwpy; ,iwtid topgl;L ,iwtd;
tyg;gf;fj;jpy; epw;Fk; NgWngw;w fz;zg;giuAk; gl;bdj;jhh;
Gfo;e;J Nghw;Wfpd;whh;. ,e;j %thpd; gf;jpr; rpwg;G jd;dplk;
,y;iy. Mjyhy; fhsj;jpag;gH jpUtUs; ngUtnjq;qzk; vd;W
gl;bdj;jhH ,iwtid gf;jpNahL Ntz;Lfpd;whh;. ,jid,

“thshy; kfthpe; J}l;l ty;Nyd; my;Nyd;: khJ nrhd;d

#shy; ,sik Jwf;f ty;Nyd; my;Nyd;: njhz;L nra;J

ehshwpy; fz; ,le;J mg;gty;Nyd; my;Nyd; ehdpdpr; nrd;W

Msht njg;gbNah jpUf;fhsj;jp mg;gUf;Nf?”10

(fz;zspj;j fhsj;jp gh-3)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

nghj;jg;gp ehl;L cLg;G+Hj; jiytd; ehfd;. mtd; ,y;yhs;

jj;ij. Kiytho; kfspUk; MltUk; tPuk; nrwpe;jtH. KUfd;
jpUmUshy; jpz;zd; Njhd;wpdhd;. jpz;ikahd clk;Gld;
tpsq;fpdhd;. ehfd; KJik mile;jhd;. jpz;zidj; jiytdhf;f
vz;zpf; fd;dp Ntl;ilf;F mDg;gpdhd;.cld; ehzd; fhld;
vd;NghUk; tpy; tPuHfSk; nrd;wdH.

xU gd;wp neLe;J}uk; nrd;W jpz;zd; mk;Gf;fpyf;fhapw;W.

nfhiyAd;l gd;wpiaf; fhld; gf;Ftg;gLj;jpr; Rl;Lf;
nfhz;bUe;jhd;. fhld; jPikf;F ehzhj mQ;Qhd tbtk;. ehzd;

107
jPikf;F ehZk; nka;Q;Qhd tbtpdd;. vdNt ehzd;
FLkpj;Njtiuf; Fk;gpLk; Qhd topiaf; fhl;bdhd;. Qhdk;
Md;khtpw;F ,iwiar; Rl;bf; fhl;Lk;.

ehzDk; jpz;zDk; kiy cr;rpf;Fr; nrd;wdH. jpz;zd;

FLkpj;Njtiuf; fz;lJk; tpyq;fhy; mtHf;Fj; jPq;F NeUNkh vdj;
tUe;jpdhd;. ehzd; rptypq;fj;jpw;F XH rpthrhhpahH G+ir
nra;tijg; ghHj;jjhfr; nrhd;dhd;. ehzDk; jpz;zDk; fPNo
nrd;wdH.fhld; gd;wpia neUg;gpy; Rl;Lg; gf;Ftg;gLj;jp ,Ue;jhd;.
jpz;zd; ngUkhDf;Fr; #Lk; G+tpidj; jiyapy; mzpe;J
nfhz;lhd;. ngUkhid ePuhl;Lk; nghd; Kfypahw;W ePiuthapy;
epug;gpf; nfhz;lhd;. Njf;fpiyapy; gd;wp Cidr; RitghHj;Jr;
RitAs;sij vLj;J itj;jhd;.

FLkpj;Njtiuf; fz;lhd;. fhyhy; Kd;dhy; fple;j kyHfisj;

js;spr; Rj;jk; nra;jhd;. thapy; itj;jpUe;j nghd;Kfypahw;W
ePuhy; ngUkhid ePuhl;bdhd;. jiyapy; mzpe;jpUe;j kyHfisg;
ngUkhDf;Fr; #l;bdhd;. Njf;fpiyapy; ,Ue;j Cidg; gilj;jhd;.
mt;tplj;jpy; ,Ue;J gphpakdk; tuhky; fyq;fpdhd;. kWehs;
fhiyapy; rptNfhrhhpahH Cd; Kjypa fz;L kdk; nehe;jhH.
Ie;J ehl;fs; nrd;wd. rptngUkhd; rptNfhrhhpahH fdtpy; ‘mtd;
tbT ek;ghy; nfhz;l md;G tbtk;, mtd; mwpT eik mwpAk;
mwpT, mtd; nranyy;yhk; ekf;fpdpait, mtdpiy mwptha;’
vd;W jpUtha; kyHe;J mUspdhH.

Mwhk; ehs; jpz;zd; tUk; NghJ gy jPr;rFdq;fs;

Njhd;wpd. ,iwtDf;F vd;d NeUNkh vd;wQ;rpdd;. Nfhapiy
mZfpdd;. rptd; jpUf;fz;zpy; FUjp nfhl;baJ. ahH ,j;jPq;F
nra;jhH vd;W tUe;jpdhd;. FUjp epUj;Jk; gr;rpiy Njb miye;J
me;j rhW gpope;Jk; FUjp tbtJ epw;ftpy;iy “CDf;F Cd;”
vd;w gonkhop epidtpw;F te;jJ. jd; fz;iz ,le;J mg;gpdhd;.
cld; FUjp tbtJ epd;wJ. kfpo;thy; Js;spf; Fjpj;jhd;. kPz;Lk;

108
xU fz;zpy; FUjp tbe;jJ.‘ kw;wpjDf; fQ;Nrd; kUe;J if
fz;Nld;’ vd;W jd; nrUg;Gf; fhyhy; FUjp tbAk; fz;iz
milahsj;jpw;fhf kpjpj;Jf; nfhz;lhd;. jd; kw;nwhU fz;iz
mk;ghy; ngaHf;f KaYk; NghJ ngUkhd; mtd; fuk; gw;wp ‘epy;Y
fz;zg;g vd Kk;Kiw $wp khwpyha; vd; tyj;jpy; epw;f’ vd;W
mUs; Ghpe;jhH. ,jid,

“Ngwpdp ,jd;Nky; cz;Nlh? gpuhd;jpUf; fz;zpy; te;j

CWfz; lQ;rpj; jq;fz;,le;jg;g cjTk; ifia

VWaHj; jtHjq; ifahy; gpbj;Jf; nfhz;(L) vd;tyj;jpy;

khwpyha;! epw;f vd;W kd;DNgH mUs;G hpe;jhH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh - 834)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

“jpz;zd; gRQhdKk; ghrQhdKk; mw;Wg; gjpQhdk;

ngw;wikahy; ,lg;gf;fk; mk;ikiaf; nfhz;l rptngUkhd;
tyg;gf;fj;jpy; jpz;zidf; fz;zg;gdhf;fp Vw;Wf;nfhz;lhH”11

(jpUj;njhz;lh; tuyhW g -98)

vd;W fUj;Jiug;gjpd; top fz;zg;g ehadhhpd; gf;jpapd;

ntspg;ghl;il fhz KbfpwJ.

Fq;fpypaf; fyadhH gf;jp

Nrho ehl;by; cs;s jpUf;flT+hpNy Njhd;wpath;

Fq;fpypf;fya ehadhH. ,th; jd;id ehb tUk; rptdbahh;fSf;F
mKJ mspg;gJld; rptd; Nfhapy;fl;Ff; Fq;fpypak; vd;Dk;
eWkzg;Gifiaf; fhl;Lk; J}g jPgj;ij jtuhky; nfhLj;Js;shH.
,th; mbahh;fSf;F mKJ mspj;Jk; rptd; Nfhapy;fSf;F J}gk;
nfhLj;J nfhLj;J tWikAw;w epiyapYk; Myaj;jpw;F nra;Ak;

109
jpUg;gzpAk; mbahh;fSf;F nra;Ak; njhz;Lk; jilglhky;
nra;Js;shh;.. xU Kiw jd; Foe;ijfSf;F czT mspf;f
tPl;by; VJk; ,y;yhj fhuzj;jhy; Fq;fpypaf; fyadhH kidtp
jd; jpUkq;fs ehizf; nfhLj;J tPl;bw;F czTg; nghUs;
thq;fptur; nrhd;dhH. Fq;fpypaf; fyadhH tPjp top nry;Yk;NghJ
Fq;fpypaj;ijr; Rke;J te;j tzpfiuf; fz;L kq;fs ehz;
nfhLj;Jf; Fq;fpypak; midj;ijAk; ngw;Wf; Nfhapy; nrd;W
jd;flikiar; nra;jhh;. ,jid

“ahJxd;Wk; ,y;iy Mfp ,Ugfy; czT khwpg;

NgJcW ike;j NuhLk; ngUF Rw;wj;ij Nehf;fpf;

fhjy;nra; kidtp ahHjk; fztdhH fya dhHf;iff;

NfhJ,y;kq; fyE}y; jhyp nfhLj;J ‘ney; nfhs;Sk;

vd;whH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 844)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

kzkhd ngz;fs; capuhff; fUJtJ jpUkq;fy ehz;.

ve;epiyapYk; jd; jhypia kl;Lk; tpw;f my;yJ mlF itf;f
cld; glhj ngz;fs; rKrhaj;jpy; fyadhH kidtpNah
rptdbahh;kPJk; FLk;gj;jpdH kPJk; nfhz;bUe;j md;gpd; kpifahy;
grpf; nfhLikiag; Nghf;f kq;fyk; nghUe;jpa jd; jhypiaf;
fow;wpf; nfhLj;jhH vd;gijg; ghh;f;Fk;NghJ mthpd; md;G
ntspg;gLfpwJ.

ghrk; fz;iz kiwf;Fk; vd;gJ Nghy; Fq;fpypaf; fyaH

,iwtd; kPJ Ngud;G nfhz;L mtUf;Fr; nra;JtUk; njhz;il
,ilawhJ nra;a kq;fy ehizg; gad; gLj;jpdhH. rptdbahHfs;
,iwtdpd; kdijf; FspHtpf;fpd;wdH. ,iwtd; mbahHfspd;
kdk;, nkhop, nka;iaf; FspHik milar; nra;thH vd;gJ

110
cz;ik Mapw;W. ,g;gb njhz;L nra;J tho;e;j Fq;fpypaf;
fyaHf;F ,iwtd; md;G nfhz;L mUs; nra;jhH.

ngUkhd; mUshy; Fq;fpypf; fyaH tPl;by; nry;tk;

mzpfyd; Kjypa midj;Jk; ngUfpd. te;J ghHj;j Fq;fpypaf;
fyadhH tUfpd;w rptdbahHfSf;Ff; nfy;yhk; Ngud;NghL
nrOq;fwpaKJ, nea;, japH, ghy; Mfpatw;NwhL mKJ gilj;jhH.
tof;fk; Nghy; jk; jpUg;gzpiaf; Fiwtwr; nra;J te;jhH.
,jid,

“CHnjhWk; gypnfhz;La;f;Fk; xUtd; NgHmUsp shNy

ghhpdpy; MHe;j nry;tk; cilauhk; gz;gpy; ePbr;

rPUil mbrpy; ey;y nrOq;fwp japH nea; ghyhy;

MHjU fhjy; $u mbatHf; FjTk; ehspy;”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh -857)

vd;w ghly; tpsf;FfpwJ.

xU Kiw jpUg;gde;jhs; vd;Dk; Chpy; jhlif vd;Dk; xU

ngz; G+ir nra;Ak;NghJ jd; Glit rhpaNt ,iwtDf;F khiy
rhw;Wtjpy; rw;W rpukk; Vw;gl;lJ. mjdhy; me;j mk;ikahh; gLk;
Jah; Nghf;f ,iwtd; Fdpe;J khiyiag; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lhh;.
mjdhy; rptypq;fj; jpUTUtk; rpwpJ rha;e;J ,pUe;jJ. ,ijf;
fz;l rptdbahh;fs; kdtUj;jj;NjhL kd;ddplk; nrd;W $wpdh;.
Nrho kd;dd; mr;rha;itg; Nghf;f gy tifapy; Kaw;rpnra;;Jk;
rha;it epkpHj;j Kbatpy;iy. ,r;nra;jpiaf; Nfs;tpAw;w
Fq;fpypaf; fyadhH ,iwtid gf;jpNahL Ntz;bAs;shh;.
G+q;fapw;wpd; xUKidapdhy; ,iwtd; jpUTUitg; gpizj;Jk;
kWKidf; fapw;iwj; jd; fOj;jpy; fl;bAk; ,Oj;jhH. rptypq;fk;
NeuhdJ mjidf; fz;L Nrho kd;dd; kfpo;e;J Fq;fpypaf;
fyadhH ghjk; gzpe;Js;shh;. ,jid

111
 jd;DapiuAk; nghUl;gLj;jhJ ,iwtd; Nky; gf;jp nfhz;L
tho;e;jtHjhd; Fq;fpypaf; fyadhH. mjdhy; jhd; murDk; Ngud;G
nfhz;L mbahH jpUtbnjhOJ epd;whd;. ,jid,

“fUk;Gtpy; Nyhidf; $w;iwf; fha;ej

; tH flT+H kd;dp

tpUk;G cWk; md;G Nky;Nky; kpf;FvOk; Ntl;if $u

xUg;gLk; cs;sj; jd;ik cz;ikahy; jkf;F NeHe;j

jpUg;gzp gyTk; nra;J rptgj epoypy;NrHe;jhH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh-869)

“ez;zpa xUik md;gpy; ehUW ghrj; jhNy

jpz;zpa njhz;lh; G+l;b ,isj;jgpd; jpwk;gp epw;f

xz;ZNkh? fya dhh;jk; xUg;ghL fz;l NghNj

mz;zyhy; NeNu epd;whH;: mkuUk; tpRk;gpy; MHj;jhH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh-863)

vd;w ghly; mbfs;; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

khdf;fQ;rhw ehadhH gf;jp

fUk;Gr;rhW gha;e;J tay; tpisAk; fQ;rhD}hpy; Njhd;wpatH

khdf;fQ;rhwH. ,iwtd; jpUtUshy; xU ngz;kfitg; ngw;whH.
me;jg; ngz; gUtk; mile;jhs;. mtis VaHNfhDf;F kzk; Ngrp
Kbj;jhH. kzehs; te;jJ. mg;NghJ cUj;jpuhf;fkzp tlKk;
gl;bifAk; jpUePw;W nghl;lzKk; jpUePW nghypa KdptH
Ntlj;jpy; rptngUkhd; te;jhH. te;j mbatiu khdf;fQ;rhwH
tzq;fpj; Jjpj;jhH. kzf;Nfhyj;jpy; ,Ue;j khdf;fQ;rhwH kfSk;
rptdbahiu tzq;fpdhs;.

112
 te;j rptdbahh; ckJ kfspd; $e;jiyg; gQ;rtbf;fhnkdf;
Nfl;lhH. khdf;fQ;rhwH kdk; Nfhzhky; kdk; tpUk;gp kfspd;
$e;jis mWj;Jr; rptdbahhplk; nfhLj;jhH. $e;jiy thq;Fk;
NghNj mbatH kiwe;jhH;. rptngUkhd; tpilNkw; fhl;rpaspj;jhH.
kzkfs; $e;jy; tsHe;jJ. VaHNfhd; fypf;fhk ehadhHf;Fk;
khzf;fQ;rhwH kfl;Fk; jpUkzk; eilngw;wJ.

khzf;fQ;rhwH kfg; gw;ww;W ,iwg;gw;iw Nkw;nfhz;lhH.

kfSf;Fg; GwmoF jUk; $e;jiy tpl mbahHf;F mftoF jUk;
gf;jpNa rpwe;jJ vdg; Nghw;wpdhH. ,jid,

“thq;Fthh; Nghy; epiw kiwg;nghUshk; mth;kiwe;J

ghq;fpd;kiy ty;ypAld; gioako tpilNawp

Xq;fpatpz; kpirte;jhH: xsptpRk;gpd; epyd; neUq;fj;

J}q;fpanghd; kyHkhhp: njhOk;gH njho njjpH tpOe;jhH”

(nghpa.Guhz. gh-901)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wJ.

,t;thW gytifg;gl;l epiyapy; ,iwtd; kPJ kf;fSk;

mbahh;fSk; nfhz;l md;ig gf;jp newp nghpaGuhzk; KOtjpYk;
fhz Kbfpd;wJ.

mhpthl;lha ehadhH gf;jp

jpUf;fzkq;fyj;jpy; Ntshz;ikj; njhopy; nra;J te;jhH.

ehs;NjhWk; rptd; NfhapYf;F mhprpaKJ, nrq;fPiu, khtL
Kjypatw;iwj; je;J tzq;fpAs;shh;. tWikAw;wNghJ $ypf;F
ney;yWj;J jpUmKJ nfhLj;J te;jhH. tWikAw;w fhyj;jpYk;
njhz;bid ,ilawhJ nra;J te;jhH. xU ehs; ,d;dKJ
gilj;jw;Fr; nry;Yq;fhy; NrhHthy; ehadhH kidahs; tPo;e;jhH.
,iwtDf;Fhpa jpUmKJ fPNo tpOe;jNj vdf; fUjp kidahis
113
ntl;l Kad;whH. mg;NghJ khtL nky;Yk; Xir Nfl;lJ. cld;
mhpths;eha ehadhH ,iwtidg; Nghw;wp gf;jpNahL tzq;fp
epd;whH. ,jid,

“mbaNdd; mwptp yhik fz;Lk;vd; mbikNtz;bg;

gbkpirf; fkhpy; te;jpq; fKJnra; guNd Nghw;wp!

Jbapil ghfkhd J}aew; Nrhjp Nghw;wp!

nghbazp gts Nkdpg; Ghprilg; Guhz Nghw;wp”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 927)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

%Hj;jp ehadhhpd; gf;jp

%Hj;jp ehadhH ghz;b ehl;by; kJiu khefhpy; rptngUkhd;

NfhapYf;Fr; re;jdk; miuj;Jf; nfhLj;J te;jhH. rkzH Ml;rpapy;
epytpaJ. mg;NghJ rkzh;fs; NfhapYf;F re;jdk; fpilf;fhky;
nra;jdH. %Hj;jp ehadhH re;jdk; fpilf;fhj fhuzj;jhy; re;jdf;
fy;ypy; jd; Koq;if vYk;G njhpAk; tiu FUjp tba tbaj;
Nja;j;J mij re;jdkhfg; gad;gLj;jpdhh;.

re;jdk; fpilf;fhj epiyia cUthf;fpa rkz kd;dd;

tPo;e;jhd;. mikr;rHfs; ahidapd; Jjpf;ifapy; khiy nfhLj;J
kd;diuj; NjHe;njLf;f mDg;gpdH. ahidahdJ %Hj;jp ehadhh;
fOj;jpy; khiy mzptpj;jJ. %Hj;jpahH cUj;jpuhf;f
kzpkhiyia mzpe;jhH. kzpKbf;Fg; gjpyhfr; rilKbjhpj;j
ehl;by; irtk; nropf;f ePjp Kiw tOthJ Ml;rp nra;jhh;.
,jid,

“Ejypd; fz; tpopj;jtH tha;ik Ezq;F E}ypd;

gjnkq;Fk; epiwe;J tpsq;fg; ghtq;fs; khw

114
cjTe;jpU ePWaH fz;bif nfhz;l Ntzp

Kjd;Kk; ikapdhy; cyfhz;ldH %Hj;jp ahH jhk;”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh-1018)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

“xg;Gutpdhy; tUk; NfL vdpy; m/J xUtd;

tpw;Wf;Nfhs; jf;fJ cilj;J”12 (Fws; -- 220)

vdW ts;StUk; $Wfpd;whh;.

jz;babfs; ehadhhpd; gf;jp

jz;babfs; gpwtpf; FUlH. jpUT+Hg; ngUq;Nfhapy; Njthrphpa

kz;lgj;ijj; njhOJ ekrptha vd;w Ie;njOj;J ke;jpuk; Xjpg;
G+q;Nfhapy; topghL nra;J te;jhH. jpUth&Hf; Fsj;ijr; Rw;wpr;
rkzH ghopfs; mikj;Jf; Fsf;fiuia Mf;fpukpj;jpUe;jdH.
jz;babfs; J}He;J fple;j jpUf;Fsj;ij Mog;gLj;j vz;zpdhH.
Fsj;jpd; eLtpYk; Fsf;fiuapYk; Nfhy;fis el;L xU fapw;why;
mtw;iw ,izj;jhH. Fsj;J kz;izf; fapw;iwg; gpbj;jf;
nfhz;Nl fiuapy; nfhl;bdhH. rkzHfs; ,thpd; jpUg;gzpf;F CW
nra;jdH. mbahhpd; fisf;nfhl;ilg; gwpj;njwpe;jdH. rptngUkhd;
kd;dd; fdtpy; Fsj;jpUg;gzp ,ilA+W Fwpj;Jj; jpUtha;
kyHe;jUspdhH. ,jw;fpilapy; rkzHfs; jz;babfs; fz;ghHit
ngw;why; jhk; mt;tplk; tpl;L mfy;tjhff; $wpdh;. jz;babfs;
,iwtd; rptngUkhid cz;ikahd gf;jpNahL frpe;J cUfp
tzq;fpdhh;. mg;NghJ jz;babfs; ,oe;j fz;ghh;itiag; ngw;Wj;
jpUg;gzpia epiwT nra;jhH. ,jid,

“nghwpapd;ik ahHf;Fk; gopad;W mwptwpe;J

Ms;tpid ,d;ik gop”13 (Fws; - 618)

115
vd ts;StUk; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whh;.

kdkpUe;jhy; khHf;fk; cz;L. rhjpf;f cly; Cdk; xU

jilapy;iy vd;w nghd;nkhopapd; cz;ikiaj; jz;babfs;
ehadhhpd; tho;tpy; njspayhk;. khrpy;yhj; njhz;L newpahYk;
cz;ik gf;jpahYk; jz;babfs; xspngw;whH. ,jid,

“kd;dd; tzq;fpg; Nghapdgpd; khYk; maDk; mwpahj

nghd;dq;foy;fs; Nghw;wpirj;Jg; Ghpe;j gzpAq; FiwKbj;Nj

cd;Dk; kdj;jhy; mQ;nrOj;Jk; Xjp tOth njhOfpNa

kpd;DQ; rilahH mbePoy; kpf;f rpwg;gpd; NktpdhH”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 3821)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;Jfpd;wd.

jpUehTf;fuR ehadhhpd; gf;jp

jpUth&hpy; GfodhH khjpdpahH vd;w ngw;NwhH nra;j

jtj;jhYk; irtk; nra;j Gz;zpaj;jhYk; jpyftjpahUk;
jpUehTf;furUk; kfTfshfj; Njhd;wpdH. fypg;gifahH vd;w
gilj;jiytHf;Fj; jpyftjpahiu kzk; NgrpdH. fypg;gifahH
gifg;Gyj;jpy; tPL ngw;whH. jpyftjpahH ngw;NwhH ftiyAw;W
capH Jwe;jdH. jpyftjpahH capH Jwf;fj; Jzpe;jhH. mtH jk;gp
kUs; ePf;fpahH jkf;ifapd; jpUtb gzpe;jhH.

jpUehTf;furH cyf epiyahikia ,sikapNyNa czUk;

tha;g;G mike;jjhy; tho;it mwj;Jwe;J rkzg; gs;spapy; Ngha;r;
NrHe;J jUkNrdH MdhH. jpyftjpahH jpUMjpif tPul;lhdr;
rptd;Nfhapypy; jpU myfply; jpUnkOfply; Nghd;w gzpfs;
nra;jhH.jk;gpapd; epiy Fwpj;J ,iwtdplk; Kiwapl;lhH.
kUs;ePf;fpauhd ehTf;furh; jPuhj #iy Nehahy;

116
Jd;Gw;whH.rkzHfs; ke;jpu typahy; #iyiag; Nghf;f
,aytpy;iy. jkf;iff;Fr; nra;jp nrhy;yp mDg;gpdhH.

jpyftjpahH jk; jk;gpiaj; jk;kplk; mioj;jhH.

jpUehTf;furHf;Fj; jpyftjpahH ,iwtid topgl;L
mQ;nrOj;Njhjpj; jpUePW mspj;jhH. jpUehTf;furH
jpUtPul;lhNdRtuH Nfhapiy tyk; te;jhH. ‘$w;whapd thW tpyf;
ffyPH’ vd;W ghb Kiwapl;lhH. kUs;ePf;fpahHf;F capNuhL mUs;
fpilj;jJ. ,iwtd; ‘jpUehTf;fuR’ vd;W jpUtha; kyHe;jUspdhH.
kUs;ePf;fpahH jpUehTf;furH MdhH. rkzHfs; kNfe;jputHk
kd;ddplk; jpUehTf;furH #iy te;jJ Nghy; ebj;Jr; irtj;jpy;
NrHe;jjhff; $wpdH. kd;dd; ehturiu tUkhW mioj;jhd;.
ehturH jkf;furH ,iwtNd vd;Wk; ahHf;Fk; mQrj;
Njitapy;iy vd;Wk; ciuj;J ,iwtd; ngUikia gf;jpNahL
vLj;Jf;$wp tukWj;jhH. ,jid,

“ehkhh;f;Fk; Fbay;Nyhk;, ekid mQ;Nrhk;!

eufj;jpy; ,lHgNlhk;; eliy apy;Nyhk;;;

Vkhg;Nghk;;; gpzpawpNahk;, gzpNth ky;Nyhk;;;

,d;gNk ve;ehSk; Jd;g kpy;iy;

jhkhHf;Fq; Fbapy;yhj; jd;ik ahd

rq;fud; ew; rq;f ntz; FioNahH fhjpy;

Nfhkhw;Nf ehk; vd;Wk; kPsh Msha;f;

nfha;kyHr; NrtbapidNa FWfp NdhNk’’14

(mg;gh; Njthuk; gh- 6 : 98 :1)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

117
 kNfe;jpu tHkd; jd; Mizf;Fg; gzpahj ehturiur; rkzH
J}z;Ljyhy; gythW jz;bf;fj; njhlq;fpdhd;. mjdhy; Rz;zhk;G
ePw;wiwapy; jpUehTf;furiu milj;jhd;. jpUehTf;furh;
mQ;nrOj;Njhjp ,iwtidg; cz;ikahd gf;jpahy; ghb
tzq;fpajhy; mtUf;F Rz;zhk;G ePw;wiw khrpy; tPizAk; khiy
kjpnahspAk;, njd;wYk;, ,sNtdpYk; Nghy; ,d;gk; jUtjhf
mike;jJ. ,jid,

“khrpy; tPizAk; khiy kjpaKk;

tPR njd;wYk; tPq;fps NtdpYk;

%R tz;liw ngha;ifAk; Nghd;wNj

<rd; ve;ij ,izab ePoNy”15

(mg;gh; Njthuk; gh- 5 : 90 :14)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

jpUehTf;furHf;F eQ;#l;bdHvdpd; ekr;rptha vd;w

‘Ie;njOj;J ke;jpuk;’ eQ;ir mKjhf;fpaJ. NkYk; fy;iyf;
fl;bj; jpUehTf;furiu flypy; vwpe;jdh;. mg;NghJ ehTf;furh;
mQ;nrOj;Njhjp ,iwtid cz;ikahd gf;jp nfhz;L
tzq;fpdhH. fy; flypy; kpje;J njg;gkhdJ. ,jid,

“nrhw;Wiz Ntjpad; Nrhjp thdtd;

nghw;Wiz jpUe;jb nghUe;jf; ifnjhof;

fw;Wizg; G+l;bNahH flypw; gha;r;rpDk;

ew;Wiz ahtJ ekr;rp thaNt’’16

(mg;gh; Njthuk; gh- 4 : 11 :1)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

118
 ehTf;furH gy Jd;gq;fspypUe;Jk; tpLglf; fhuzkha; ,Ue;j
,iwtd; Nky; nfhz;l gf;jpAk; irtj;jpd; ngUikiaAk; kd;dd;
czHe;J irtrkaj;jpy; Nrh;e;jhd;. jpUehTf;furhpd; cz;ik
gf;jpahdJ xU ehl;L kd;didNa irtdhf;fpaJ. kNfe;jputHkd;
topapdUk; irtuhf ,Ue;J gy irtf; Nfhapy;fs; vOg;gpdH.
jpUehTf;furH gy irtj; jpUj;jsq;fSf;Fr; nrd;W ,iwtid
tzq;fpdhH.

jpUQhdrk;ge;jH jpUehTf;furupd; ngUikiaAk; cah;e;j

gf;jpiaAk; czHe;J ‘mg;gNu’ vd;wioj;jhH. jpUQhdrk;ge;jH
md;Gld; mioj;j mg;gH vd;w ngaH jpUehTf;furUf;F epiyj;jJ.
fapiyapy; topghL epfo;j;j tpioe;J mg;gH fapiy nrd;whH.
eil jsHe;jJ. kiy VwpdhH. topapy; KdptH tbtpy; Njhd;wpa
ngUkhd; ehTf;furUf;Fj; jpUitahw;wpy; fhl;rp jUtjhff;
$wpdhH. fapiyapy; vOe;jhh;. jpUitahw;Wg; ngUkhidg;
gpd;tUkhW ghb gf;jpNahL tzq;fpdhh;. ,jid,

“khjH gpiwf; fz;zpahid kiyahd; kfnshLk; ghbg;

NghnjhL ePH Rke;Nje;jpg; GFthH mtHgpd; GFNtd;

ahJQ; RtLglhky; IahW milfpd;w NghJ

fhjy; klg;gpbNahLq; fspW tUtd fz;Nld;

fz;Nld; mth; jpUg;ghjk; fz;lwpahjd fz;Nld;’’17

(mg;gh; Njthuk; gh- 4 : 3 :1)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.

jpUitahw;wpy; cothuj; njhz;L nra;Ak;NghJ fw;fnsy;yhk;

kzpfs; Mapd. mtw;iw mg;gH fw;fshfNt ghHj;jhh;. muk;igaH
mg;gH Kd; Njhd;wpdh; mtHfisg; ghHf;fhky; ,Ue;jhH. mg;ghplk;

119
nghd;dhirAk; ngz;zhirAk; ve;j MirAk; ,d;wp ,iwtd; Nky;
nfhz;l gf;jpia kl;Lk; nfhz;bUe;jij ek;khy; mwpa KbfpwJ.

ve;nje;jg; nghUspypUe;J gw;W xl;lhky; ,Uf;fpwNjh

me;nje;j nghUisg; ngWtjhy; tUk; Jd;gk; xl;lhJ. ,jid,

“ahnjdpd; ahnjdpd; ePq;fpahd; Nehjy;

mjdpd; mjdpd; ,yd;”18 (Fws; - 341)

vd ts;StUk; $Wfpd;whh;.

,t;thW jpUehTf;furH gf;jpiaAk; njhz;ilAk; ehk; mwpa

KbfpwJ.

fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahhpd; gf;jp

fhiuf;fhypy; jdjj;jd; vd;w tzpfd; jtj;jhy; Gdpjtjp

Njhd;wpdhH. ,sik njhl;Nl cz;ikahd gf;jpNahL
,iwtopghl;by; nka;k;kwe;jhH. epjpgjp vd;w tzpfd; kfd;
gukjj;jd; Gdpjtjpia kze;jhd;. Gdpjtjp tPl;bw;F tUfpd;w
rptdbahHf;F tpUe;jpLthH. xU ehs; fztd; ,U khq;fdpfisf;
nfhLj;jDg;gp ,Ue;jhd;. xU rptdbahH tPl;bw;F te;jhH. fwpaKJ
rikj;jpyd;. cztpw;F khq;fdpia itj;J tpUe;J gilj;jhH.
cz;l rptdbahH tho;j;jpr; nrd;whH.

fztDf;F vQ;rpa khq;fdpAld; czT gilj;jhs;. fztd;

fdpr;Ritapy; <Lgl;L kw;nwhU fdpiaAk; Nfl;lhd;. ,iwtid
gf;jpNahL Ntz;b khq;fdp ngw;whs;. mf;fdp fz;l fztd; ‘,J
kpfr;RitAilajha; cs;sNj’ vd;whd;. Gdpjtjp ,iwaUl;Ngw;iw
ciuj;jhH. gukjj;jd; kw;nwhU khq;fdp mJNghy; tutiof;f
Ntz;bdhd;. Gdpjtjpahh; ,iwtid Ntz;bdhH. ,iwtd;
mUshy; ngw;w fdpiaf; fztdplk; nfhLj;jhH. mf;fdp
kiwe;jJ.

120
 ,e;epfo;itf; fz;L mQ;rpa fztd; Gdpjtjpiag; gphpe;J
may;ehL nrd;W nghUsPl;b kJiu nrd;W kw;nwhU ngz;iz
kze;jhd;. mtd; ngw;w kftpw;Fg; Gdpjtjp vdg; ngahpl;lhd;.
nra;jp mwpe;j Gdpjtjp fztidf; fhz kJiu nrd;whs;.
kJiuapy; gukjj;jd; gyUk; fhzg; Gdpjtjp jpUtb gzpe;J
mtuJ nja;tj;jd;ikia te;NjhHf;F vLj;Jiuj;jhd;. mjdhs;
Gdpjtjp jd; fztDf;Fg; gad;glhj ,e;j clk;igg; Nga;
tbthf;fpf; nfhz;lhH.

Gdpjtjpia mk;ikag;gd; ,y;yhj rptngUkhd; ckhNjtpapd;

Kd; ‘mk;ikNa’ vd;W mioj;jhH. jpUthyq;fhL nry;YkhW
ngUkhd; fl;lisapl;lhH. Gdpjtjp jpUthyq;fhL te;jhH.
,iwtdpd; jpUeldk; fz;lhH. ngUkhdplk; gpwthikAk; gpwe;jhy;
,iwtid kwthikAk; tukhff; Nfl;lhH. jpUMyq;fhl;L ,iwtd;
Gdpjtjpapd; gf;jpiag; Nghw;wpdhh;. ,jid,

“,wthj ,d;g md;G Ntz;bg;gpd; Ntz;L fpd;whh;

gpwthik Ntz;Lk; kPz;Lk; gpwg;Gz;Nly; cd;id vd;Wk;

kwthik Ntz;Lk; ,d;Dk; Ntz;Lk; ehd; kfpo;e;J ghb

mwth! eP MLk; NghJd; mbapd;fPo; ,Uf;f vd;whH;”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 1781 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

ekpee;jp mbfs; ehadhH; gf;jp

ekpee;jp mbfs; Vkg;Ng&hpy; me;jzH; kugpy; Njhd;wpatH. rpt

Nts;tp nra;tJk; rptd; Nfhapypy; tpsf;nfhpf;f vz;nza;
toq;FtJk; ,tUila md;whlf; flikfspy; xd;W. xU ehs;
tpsf;nfhpf;f nea; fpilf;fhky; rkzH;fs; tPl;by; nea; Ntz;bdhH;.
ekpee;jpabfsplk; rkzH;fs; ‘rptdhH; ifapy; jP ,Uf;Fk; NghJ

121
tpsf;nfjw;F’ vd;W ,fo;e;jdH;. ekpee;jpabfs; ngha;if ePnuLj;Jr;
rptngUkhd; gf;jpNahL mQ;nrOj;Njhjp ePH nfhzH;e;J tpsf;fpy;
Cw;wp tpsf;nfhpj;jhH;. jpUM&Hf; Nfhapy; KOtJk; ePuhy;
tpsf;Ffs; vhpe;jd.

jpUM&H;j; jpahfuhrg; ngUkhid gf;jpNahL tzq;fp tPl;bw;F

te;jhH;. ePuhlhky; tpl;bw;Fs; Eioa mQ;rpdhH;. rptngUkhd;
‘jpUM&Hg; gpwe;jhH; vy;yhk; rptfzj;jhH;’ vd ekpee;jpabfs;
fdtpy; jpUtha; kyH;e;jUspdhH;. jpUM&H;g; ngUkf;fs; midtUk;
ekpee;jp mbfs; fz;fSf;Fr; rptfzj;jhuhfNt fhl;rpaspj;jdH;.

;ekpee;jpabfspd; fLikahd gf;jpahy; jz;zPH; vz;nza;

Nghy; tpsf;nfhpf;fj; Jizepd;wJ. ,iwtid gf;jpNahL
tzq;Ffpd;w midtUk; ,iwabahh;fNs vd;w cahpa Nehf;fKk;
gf;jpAk; ,t;tbath; topahfr; Nrf;fpohh; $wpAs;shh;. ,jid,

“gbtk; khw;wpg; gok;gbNa epfo;Tq; fz;L gukh;ghy;

mbNad; gpioiag; nghWj;jUs Ntz;Lk; vd;W gzpe;jUshy;

FbAk; jpUth&ufj;Jg; GFe;J tho;thh; Ftyaj;J

nebJ ngUFe; jpUj;njhz;L epfor; nra;J epyTthh;”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 1900)

vd;w ghly; vLj;Jiuf;fpd;wJ

jpUQhd rk;ge;jh; gf;jp

gps;is ghjp Guhzk; ghjp vd;gh;. jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; Guhzk;

ghjpasthFk;. rPh;fhopj; jpUj;jyj;jpy;; jpUthjpiuj; jpUehspy;
Ntjnewp jioj;Njhq;fTk;, njd;dhL rpwf;fTk;, rptghj
,UjaUf;Fk; gftjp mk;ikahUf;Fk; kfdhfj; jpUQhdrk;ge;jh;
Njhd;wpdhh;;.

122
 jd; je;ij ePuhlr; nrd;wNghJ Qhdf;Foe;ij cld; nrd;wJ.
je;ij fiuapy; mkuitj;Jr; nrd;whh;. rptghj ,Ujah; ePhpy;
%o;Fk; NghJ Qhdrk;ge;jh; mOjhh;. rptngUkhd; ckhNjtpaplk;
nghd;ts;sj;jpy; Qhdg;ghy; mUSkhW Ntz;bdhH;. mk;ik
Qhdg;ghy; filtha; topr; Nrhuf; Foe;ij mUe;jpapUe;jJ.
je;ijahH; filthapy; topNa ghy; Nrhh;e;jpUe;jik mwpe;J ‘ahh;
nfhLj;j ghy; mUe;jpdha;’ vd tpdtpdhh;.

Foe;ij ghy; mUe;jpaJk;, fz;l khnjhU ghfH fhl;rpiaf;

$wpaJ. xU fhjpy; Njhlzpe;j mk;ikafj;Jg;ghy; mUe;jpajhy;
Kjypy; $wpaJ. rk;ge;jh; mUe;jpa ghy; ntz;ik. Foe;ij
cs;sk; ntz;ikahdJ. ntz;ikahd tpil kPJ ntz;kjp
#bNkdpapy; ntz;zPW mzpe;j khnjhU ghfidf; Fwpj;J
gf;jpNahL ghbdhh;. ,jid,

“NjhLila nrtpad; tpil VwpNahh; J}ntz; kjp#b

fhLila Rliyg; nghbG+rp vd; cs;sk; fth;fs;td;

VLila kyuhd; Kidehd; gzpe;Njj;j mUs;nra;j

gPLila gpukhGuk; Nktpa ngk;khdptdd;Nw’’

(rk;ge;jh; Njthuk; gh -1)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

rk;ge;jh; jpUf;Nfhyf;fh vd;w ,lj;jpw;Fr; nrd;W mq;fpUf;Fk;

,iwtidj; jhsk; Nghl;Lg; gf;jpNahL ghbdhh;. jpUQhdrk;ge;jh;
ifj;jhkiu NehfhkypUf;fj; jpUf;Nfhyf;fh ,iwtd; mUshy;
ekrptha vd;w Ie;njOj;Jk; nghwpj;j nghw;whsk; fpilj;jJ.
,jid,

“ifajdhy; xj;jWj;Jg; ghLjYq;

fz;lUspf; fUizf; $h;ej

;
123
nra;aril thdth;jk; mQ;nrOj;Jk;

vOjpa nrk;nghw;whsq;fs;

Iauth; jpUtUshy; vLj;j

ghlYf;fpire;j msthy; xj;j

itankyhk; ca;atU kiwr;rpWth;

ifj;jyj;J te;jtd;Nw”

(nghpa. Guhz. gh -2006)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

kapyhg;G+h; rptNer tzpfh; gf;jp

kapyhg;G+hpy; rptNerh; vd;w tzpfh; ,Ue;jhh;. mth; jpUQhd

rk;ge;jh; ghy; Ngud;Gk; gf;jpAk; nfhz;lth;.. mth; kfs; G+k;ghit
G+g;gwpf;Fk; NghJ ehfk; jPz;b ,we;jhs;. kfis vwpj;j rhk;giy
xU ghidapy; itj;Jg; ghJfhj;jhh;. jpUQhd rk;ge;jh; te;jNghJ
rptNerh; jd; kfSf;F Neh;e;jijf; $wpdhh;. rk;ge;jh;
rptngUkhid gf;jpNahL ‘rptdhh; Mjpiuehs; ghuhJ NghjpNah’
vdg; ghbdhh;. vd;G Ve;jpioahf cU vLj;jJ. caph;j;njOe;jhs;
G+k;ghit. rptNdrh; kfpo;e;jhh;.

jpUkiwf;fhl;Lf; Nfhapy; fjT jpwf;fj; jpUehTf;furUk;

fjitr; rhj;jj; jpUQhdrk;ge;jUk; ghbdh;. kq;ifah;f;furpahUk;
Fyr;rpiwahUk; ghz;ba ehl;bw;F tUkhW rk;ge;jh;f;F miog;G
tpLj;jdh;. jpUehTf;furh; rkzh; nfhLik mDgtpj;jth;. Mjypd;
jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; nry;tijj; jLj;jhh;. mg;NghJ rk;ge;jh;
rptdbahiu ehSk; NfhSk; xd;Wk; nra;a ,ayhnjd;whh;.
gf;jpNahL NfhsW gjpfk; ghbdhh;. ,jid,

124
 “vd;nghL nfhk;nghlhik apitkhh; gpyq;f vUNjwp
VioAlNd

nghd;nghjp kj;jkhiy Gdy;#o te;njd; csNk GFe;j mjdhy;

xd;gnjh nlhd;NwhNlO gjpndl; nlhlhWk; cldha

ehl;fsitjhk;

md;nghL ey;yey;y mit ey;yey;y mbahuth;f;F kpfNt”

(NfhsW jpUg;gjpfk; gh-2 - 2 )

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

mwptpaNyhL ,izj;J gf;jpiag; ghba ngUik jkpOf;Nf

chpaJ. NfhsW gjpfk; vd;wsTk; rpwg;gplk; ngWfpwJ.

Kjy; tpz;kPd; - mRtpdp

9 Mk; tpz;kPd; - Mapy;ak;

7 Mk; tpz;kPd; - GzHG+rk;

6 Mk; tpz;kPd; - jpUMjpiu

16 Mk; tpz;kPd; - Nfl;il

Nkw;fz;l Ie;J tpz;kPdpy; gpwe;jtHfs; milAk; NfLfs;

ngUkhd; jpUtbia gf;jpNahL tzq;f midj;Jk; ePq;Fk;.

Nkw;fz;l NfhshW gjpfj;jpy; 365 ehl;fs; fhl;lg;ngUfpd;wd.

xd;gnjhL 09

xd;gnjhL + 1 10

xd;gnjhL + 7 16

xd;gnjhL + 18 27

125
xd;gnjhL + 6 15

xd;gnjhL x1 09

xd;gnjhL x7 63

xd;gnjhL x18 162

xd;gnjhL x 6 54

365

rptdbahHfl;F 365 ehl;fSk; ey;yitNa vd;w El;gf; fUj;J

Nkw;fz;l rk;ge;jH NfhsW gjpfk; ghly; %yk; GydhfpwJ.

kJiu efHg;Gwj;Nj cs;s klj;jpy; rk;ge;jH jq;fp ,Ue;jhH.

me;j klj;jpw;Fr; rkzH jP itj;jdH. ‘igaNt nrd;W
ghz;baw;fhNt’ vdr; rk;ge;jH ghbdhH. ghz;bad; ntg;G Nehahy;
Jd;Gw;whd;. rkzH ghjpAlk;gpy; ke;jpuk; nrhy;ypg; gPypiaj; jlt
ntg;G Neha; kpFe;jJ. rk;ge;jH jpUePw;Wg; gjpfk; ghb ghz;bad;
kPJ gf;jpNahL ePW G+rpdhH. ntg;G Neha; mfd;wJ. ,jid,

“Ntjj;jpy; cs;sJ ePW nte;JaH jPHg;gJ ePW

Nghje; jUtJ ePW Gd;ik jtpHg;gJ ePW

Xjj; jUtJ ePW cz;ikapy; cs;sJ ePW

rPjg; Gdy; tay; #o;e;j jpUMy thahd; jpUePNw’’

(jpUePw;Wg; gjpfk; 2 :2)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

rkzH rk;ge;jhpd; ngUik czuhJ mdy;thjk; nra;a

mioj;jdH. irt rka VLfSk;, rkzH VLfSk; mdypy; ,lr;

126
irt rka VLfs; mg;gbNa ,Ue;jd. rkz VLfs; rhk;gyhapd.
rk;ge;jiur; rkzH Gdy; thjj;jpw;fioj;jdH. ,Urka VLfSk;
itiaahw;wpy; ,lk; ngw;wd. rkz rka VLfs; Mw;wpd; Nghf;fpy;
nrd;wd. irt rka VLfs; xU Nfhapy; gbapy; Mw;iw vjpHj;Jr;
nrd;W fple;jd. VL fpilj;j ,lk; (jpU VL mfk;) jpUNtlfk;
vdg; ngah; ngw;wJ. mt;tplj;jpy; ghz;bad; rptd; Nfhapy;
mikj;J mEjpdKk; gf;jpNahL tzq;fpdhd;.

jpUQhd rk;ge;jUf;Fj; jpUkzk; NgrpdH. ek;gpahz;lhH ek;gp

jd; jpUkfisj; jpUQhd rk;ge;jUf;Ff; ifg;gpbj;Jf; nfhLj;jhH.
jpUey;Y}hpy; jpUkzk; eilngw;wJ.. ePyef;fH, jpUKUfH, rptghj
,UjaH vdg; gy rptdbahHfs; jpUQhdrk;ge;jh; kztpohtpy;
fye;J nfhz;ldH. kzkf;fSk; jpUkzj;jpw;F te;jpUe;NjhH
midtUk; rptdhhpd; jpUtb ,d;gk; ngw;wdH. ,jid,

“jpUey;Y}hpy; ek;gpahz;lhH ek;gpapd; kfs; mUepjpg;

ghitia kze;jhh; rk;ge;jH. ey;Y}Hj; jpUf;Nfhapiy

mile;jhH. mq;Fr; Nrhjp Njhd;wpaJ. rk;ge;jNuhL

midtUk; rptkhapdH. kw;w mbahH jhk; kl;Lk;

rptkhapdH. rk;ge;jH kl;LNk jk; jpUkzj;Jf;F

te;NjhH midtiuAk; rptkhf;fpa ,iwikj;Jtk;

kpf;ftuhf tpsq;fpdhH.’’18

(jpUj;njhz;lh; tuyhW g -215)

jpUQhd rk;ge;jH ,iwnewp mwk; Nghw;wpr; ,iw gf;jpiaAk;

jkpioAk; ,U fz;fshfj; Jjpj;jhH. ,jid,

“fhjypiaf; ifg;gw;wpf; nfhz;L tyQ; nra;jUsp

jPjfw;w te;jUSe; jpUQhd rk;ge;jH

127
ehjneopy; tsH Nrhjp ez;zpajd; cl;GFe;jhh;

Nghjepiy Kbe;j topg; Gf;nfhd;wp cldhdhH’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh -3156)

vd;w ghly;fs; czh;j;JfpwJ.

mjpgj;j ehadhhpd; gf;jp

mjpgj;j ehadhH ehfg;gl;bdj;jpy; kPdtH jiytuhf

tpsq;fpdhH. tiyapy; mfg;gLk; kPd;fspy; Kjy; kPid ,iwtd;
jpUtbfspy; rkHg;gpg;ghH. rpy ehl;fspy; xNu xU kPd; kl;Lk;
mfg;gLk;. me;j kPidAk; rptdhh; jpUtbapy; rkHg;gpg;ghH. xUehs;
nghd;jpul;Rlh; etkzp nghype;j kPd; xd;W tiyapy; mfg;gl;lJ.
kPdtHfs; ,J ey;y tpiyNghFk;. Mjypd; ,jid tpLj;J
kw;nwhU kPid ,iwtd; jpUtbfspy; rkHg;gpf;FkhW $wpdhh;.
Mdhy; mjpgj;jH rptd; jpUtbapy; gf;jpNahL me;j kPidr;
rhHj;jpdhH. ,jid,

“vd;W kw;WcNshH ,ak;gTk; VWrPHj; njhz;lh;

nghd;jpus; Rlh; etkzp nghype;j kPd; cWg;ghy;

xd;Wk; kw;W ,J vd;id Ms; cilatHf;F MFk;

nrd;W nghd;foy; NrHf vdj; jpiunahLk; jphpj;jhH’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh- 4011)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

fypa ehadhH gf;jp

njhz;il ehl;Lj; jpUnthw;wpA+hpy; fypad; vd;w ehadhH

vz;nza; tzpfk; nra;J te;jhH. rptd; Nfhapy;fl;F tpsf;nfhpf;f
vz;nza; toq;fp te;jhH. tWikAw;wNghJ nrf;F khNlhl;b

128
vz;nza; Ml;bf; $yp ngw;Wf; Nfhapy;fl;F vz;nza; toq;fp
te;jhH. tpsf;fpl vz;nza; thq;f KbahJ tWikAw;whH. jhk;
tWikAw;w NghJk; ,iwgf;jpapy; rpwpJk; FiwNaw;glhky;
tzq;fpdhh;.

thshy; jd; fOj;ij mhpe;J cjpuj;jhy; tpsf;nfhpf;f

tpUk;gpf; fOj;ij mhpa Kw;gLk; NghJ ,iwtd; NeH Njhd;wpf;
if gpbj;jUspdhh;. tpilNky; ,iwtd; fhl;rp je;jhH;. rptGhp
mbatHfF; mUspdhH. ve;jtpj vjpHg;ghHg;Gk; ,y;yhj ,iwtd;
jpUtbNa ruzk; vd;W jd;id KOikahf xg;gilj;J, jd;idr;
#o;e;j Gwg;gw;Wfisf; fise;J mfg;gw;whfpa ,iwtid
gf;jpNahL njhOgtH midj;J eyd;fisg; ngWthh;. ,jid,

“tpsf;ifg; gpse;J tpsf;fpid Vw;wp

tpsf;fpDf;F cs;Ns tpsf;fpidj; J}z;b

tpsf;fpy; tpsf;if tpsf;f ty;yhHf;F

tpsf;Filahd; foy; NktY khNk’’19

(jpUke;jpuk; gh-2816)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

“kw;wtHjk; Kd;dhf koypil Nky; vOe;jUs

cw;wT+ wJePq;fp xsptpsq;f cr;rpapd; Nky;

gw;wpamQ; rypapduha; epd;wtiug; gukHjhk;

nghw;Gila rptGhpapy; nghype;jpUf;f mUs;Ghpe;jhH’’

(nghpa. Guhz. Gh-4040)

vd;w ghly;; czh;j;JfpwJ.

129
fzk;Gy;y ehadhH gf;jp

,Uf;FNtSh; vd;Dk; Chpy; fzk; Gy;yH vd;w msg;ghpa

nry;tH tho;e;J te;jhH. rptd; Nfhapy;fl;F tpsf;nfhpf;f vz;nza;
jphp Kjypatw;iw toq;fpte;jhH. jpy;iyg; ngUq;Nfhapypy;
tpsf;nfhpf;fj; jk; cilik KOJk; tpw;Wf; nfhLj;jhH.
tWikAw;w NghJk; fzk;Gy; mWj;J mjid tpw;W mjdhy;
fpilf;fpd;w nghUis tpsf;F Vw;w vz;nza; thq;fpj;je;jhH.
NkYk; jk; cz;ikahd gf;jpahy; tpsf;nfhpf;fj; jd;Dila
jpUKbiaj; jphpj;Jj; jphpahf;fpAk; tpsf;nfhpj;jhH.

mbahh; vd;NghH jd; cly; nghUs; Mtp midj;ijAk;

nfhLj;J, jpUkhYk; gpuk;khTk; NjbAk; fhz Kbahj ,iwtd;
rptngUkhid rptdbahHfs; fhzyhk; vd;gJ fzk;Gy;y
ehadhhpd; cz;ikahd gf;jpr; rpwg;gpidf; Fwpj;J mg;gH
Njthuj;jpy; Fwpg;gpLfpd;whh;. ,jid,

“,y;yf tpsf;fJ ,Us; nfLg;gJ

gy;yf tpsf;fJ gyUk; fhz;gJ

nrhy;yf tpsf;fJ Nrhjp cs;sJ

ey;yf tpsf;fJ ekrpthaNt’’20

(mg;gh; Njthuk; 4 : 4: 8)

“Kd;GjpU tpsf;nfhpf;Fk; Kiwahkq; Fiwahky;

nkd;Gy;Yk; tpsf;nfhpf;fg; Nghjhik nka;ahd

md;G GhpthH mLj;j tpf;Fj; jk; jpUKbia

vd;GUf kLj;njhpe;jhH ,Utpidapd; njhlf;nfhpj;jhH’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh -4064)

130
vd;w ghly;;fs; czh;j;JfpwJ.

G+ryhH ehadhH gf;jp

jpUepd;w CH vd;Dk; njhz;il ehl;Lj; jpUj;jyj;jpy; G+ryhH

vd;w ehadhH tho;e;jhH. jpUepd;w CH ehd;kiw Koq;Fk; CH.
nry;tKk; xOf;fKk; epd;w CH. G+ryhH rptngUkhDf;Ff; Nfhapy;
vOg;g epidj;jhh. nghUl;Ngwpd;wpr; rpe;jidahy; nghUs; jpul;bdhH.
kdjpy; ngUkhDf;Ff; Nfhapy; fl;bdhH. gy;yt kd;dd; jhd;
fl;ba Nfhapy; jpUf;FlKof;F tpohit elj;j ehs; Fwpj;jhd;.
mNj ehspy; G+ryhh; jd; kdf; Nfhapypy; rptdhiu vOe;jUsg;
gz;z ehs; Fwpj;jhH. rptngUkhd; kd;dH fdtpy; ‘kd;dd;
FlKof;F tpohf; Fwpj;j ehspy; G+ryhH ehadhH Nfhapypy; ahk;
vOe;jUsr; nry;Nthk;. Mjypd; NtW ehs; Fwpj;Jf; nfhs;f’ vdj;
jpUtha; kyHe;jUspdhH.

gy;yt kd;dd; fhQ;rpapy; ,Ue;J jpUepd;wT+H NrHe;jhd;.

mq;F G+ryhH vq;Fk; Nfhapy; fl;ltpy;iy vd kf;fs; $wpdhH.
G+ryhiuf; fz;l jq;fs; Nfhapy; vq;Nf vd;W tpdtg;, G+ryhH
kdijf; fhl;bdhH. murd; G+ryhhpd; cz;ik md;gpidAk;
gf;jpiaAk; fz;L tpae;jhd;. kd;dH G+ryhH ehadhhpd;
jpUtbfspy; tPo;e;J tzq;fpdhH. ,jid,

“cs;sk; ngUq;Nfhapy; CDlk;G Myak;

ts;sy; gpuhdhHf;F tha; NfhGu thry;

njs;sj; njspe;jhHf;Fr; rPtd; rptypq;fk;

fs;sg; Gyide;Jk; fhzh kzp tpsf;Nf’’21

(jpUke;jpuk; gh – 1823)

“kd;dd; ciug;gf; Nfl;l md;gHjhk; kUz;L Nehf;fp

vd;idNahH nghUshf; nfhz;Nl vk;gpuhd; mUs; nra;jhNuy;

131
Kd;tU epjpapyhik kdj;jpdhy; Kad;w Nfhapy;

,d;djhk; vd;W rpe;jpj; njLj;jth nwLj;Jr; nrhd;dhH’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh -4191)

vd;w ghly;;fs; czh;j;JfpwJ.

rhf;fpa ehadhhpd; gf;jp

jpUr;rq;f kq;if vDk; jpUj;jyj;jpy; NtshsH Fyj;jpy;

gpwe;j rhf;fpa ehadhH. Gj;j rkaj;ijr; rhHe;j rhf;fpaH
fhQ;rpapy; nrd;W irt rka cz;ikfis czHe;jhH. ,th;
ve;epiyapy; epd;whYk;, vf;Nfhyk; nfhz;lhYk;, rptngUkhd;
jpUtb kwthjtuha; tpsq;fpdhh;. ,th; Gwj;jpy; Gj;j rka Ntlk;
nfhz;bUe;jhYk; cs;sj;jpy; rpt guk;nghUNs <rd; vdf;
nfhz;lhH. ehs;NjhWk; rptid gf;jpNahL topgLthH. gf;fj;jpy;
mHr;rpf;f xd;Wkpd;wp rpWfy; xd;iw vLj;Jr; rptypq;fj;jpd; Nky;
md;nghL nga;jhH.

fz;zg;gd; nrUg;Gf; fhyhy; kpjpj;jij md;NghL Vw;Wf;

nfhz;ltH rptngUkhd;. rhf;fpaH nga;j fy; ,iwtDf;F
kyuhfNt njd;gl;lJ. rpWFoe;ij ,fo;td nra;jhYk; ngw;Nwhh;
kfpo;NthL Vw;W ,d;GWtH. mJNghy; rptngUkhd; rhf;fpaH vwpe;j
fy;iy kyuhf Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhH.

vy;yhk; gRgjpahH nray; vd;gjpy; Mo;e;j ek;gpf;if

nfhz;lhH. tof;fk; Nghy rptidj; njhOJ fy;nyhd;iwr;
rptd;kPJ nga;J mHr;rid nra;jhH. xUehs; mHr;rid nra;ahky;
cz;zg; GFe;jhH. ,iwtd; epidT te;jJ kpf tpiue;jhh;.
,iwtd; khnjhU ghfdhfj; Njhd;wpdhH. rhf;fpa ehadhh;
gf;jpNahL njhOJ tzq;fpdhh;.

rhf;fpa ehadhH ngUkhd; kPJ fy;nywpe;jhH. Re;juH gpj;jh

vd;W ,iwtidg; ghbdhH. fz;zg;gH ,iwtd; Kfj;jpy; nrUg;Gf;
132
fhiy itj;jhH. ,tHfspd; nray;fs; td;ikahdit Nghy;
njhpAk;. Mdhy; nra;ag;gl;l kdepiyia Muha;e;J ghHj;jhy;
,itaidj;Jk; cz;ik md;ghy;, ,iwtd; kPJ nfhz;l
gf;jpahy; tpise;jJ vd;gJ ed;F tpsq;Fk;. ,jid,

“fy;yhNy vwpe;jJk; md;ghd gbfhzpy;

tpy;NtlH nrUg;gbAe; jpUKbapd; Nktpw;why;

ey;yhHkw; wtHnra;if md;ghNy eae;jjid

my;yhjhH fy;nyd;ghH mudhHf;f/jyuhkhy;’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh -3653)

vd;w ghly;; czh;j;JfpwJ.

rpWj;njhz;lhpd; gf;jp

guQ;Nrhjp vd;w mbahH jpUr;nrq;fhl;lq; Fbapy; gpwe;jhh;.

mtuJ ,y;yhs; jpUntz;fhl;L eq;if. gy;yt kd;ddpd;
gilj;jiytuha; tpsq;fpdhh;. tlE}Yk; NtjKk; gilf;fyKk;
gapd;wtH. mbahhpy; jk;ikr; rpWnjhz;luhf epidj;J mbahiu
topgl;likapd; mth; rpWj;njhz;lh; vdr; rpwg;gpf;fg; ngw;whH.

thjhgpia ntd;W gifthplkpUe;J ahidAk;, ghpAk; ftHe;J

te;jhH. muriur; rhHe;NjhH ,tuJ irtg;gw;iw kd;dHf;F
vLj;Jiuj;jhH. kd;dH mtiug; gilj;Jiwapy; ,Ue;J tpLtpj;jhH.
ehs;NjhWk; mbahHf;Fj; jpUmKJ Cl;bg; gpd;Dz;Zk;
jifikNahL tpsq;fpdhH. mbahHfl;F nea;> ghy;> japH Mfpad
nfhLj;J cz;zr; nra;jhH. fzgjPr;Ru mbahiu topgl;L
mbahHf;F mKJ}l;bg;gpd; cz;gij tof;fkhff; nfhz;bUe;jhH.
rpWj; njhz;lHf;Fr; rPuhsd; vd;w kfT ,Ue;jhd;. nrOq;fiy
gapyg; gs;spf;fDg;gpdhH.

133
 xU Jwtp rpWj;njhz;lh; tPl;il mile;J mbahHf; fKjpLk;
mbahH ,y;yk; ,J jhdh vd tpdtpdhH. rpWj;njhz;lh; tPl;Lg;
gzpahs; re;jd eq;if mbahiuj; Njbr; rpWj;njhz;lh;
nrd;Ws;sjhfj; Jwtpaplk; $wpdhh;. jpUntz;fhl;L eq;if te;j
mbahiuj; Njbf; fztH nrd;wpUg;gjhf ciuj;jhs;. fzgjPr;Ru
mj;jp kuj;jpd; fPo; ,Ug;gjhfr; nrhy;ypj; Jwtp nrd;whH. igutj;
Jwtpiaf; fz;l rpWj;njhz;lH mKJ nra;a Ntz;bdH.
‘MWkhjj;jpw;F xUKiwjhd; gRit (Md;khit) cz;Nghk;. ehk;
cz;gJ eug;gR. xU Fbf;F xU kfdhf ,Uj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. jha;
gpbf;f je;ij mWj;Jf; fwp rikf;f Ntz;Lk;’ vd;W igutj;
Jwtp ciuj;jijf; Nfl;L tPLte;jhH. nra;jpia ,y;yhsplk;
$wpdhH. ’ve;jj;jha; je;ijAk; kfitj; jhuhH. Mjypd; ek;
kfitNa ,e;j Nts;tpf;Fg; gad;gLj;jyhk;’ vdj; jpUntz;fhl;L
eq;if ciuj;jhs;. ,g;NghJ kfidNa igutj; Jwtpf;F mKjhf
tpUe;jspj;jdh;.

Jwtpia mioj;J te;J jpUtbj; J}a;ik nra;J J}g

jPgKjw; G+rid nra;jhH. tpUe;Jz;z mkh;e;jNghJ igutj; Jwtp
‘kfit mioj;J tUf kfTld; cz;Nghk;’ vd;whH. jhAk;
je;ijAk; ‘nra;a kzpNa rPuhsh’ vd;W mioj;jdH. rPuhsd;
te;jhd;. ngw;Nwhh; kfpo;e;jdh;. ,jid,

“nfhd;iw Ntzp ahHjhKk; ghfq; nfhz;l Fyf;nfhbAk;

ntd;wp neLNty; ige;jUe;jk; tpiug;G+q; fkyr; Nrtbf;fPo;

epd;w njhz;lh; kidtpahH ePL kfdhH jhjpahH

vd;Wk; gphpah NjapiwQ;rp ,Uf;f cld;nfhz;NlfpdhH.’’

(nghpa. Guhz. gh – 3749)

vd;w ghly;; czh;j;Jfpd;wd. NkYk; ,f;fUj;ijNa jpU%Uk;

Rl;Lfpd;whh;.

134
“glkhLk; Nfhapy; gftw; nfhd;W <apy;

elkhLk; Nfhapy; ek;gw;F mq;F Mfh

elkhLk; Nfhapy; ek;gw;F xd;W <apy;

glkhLk; Nfhapy; gftw;F m/J MNk’’22

(jpUke;jpuk; gh 1857)

vd;w ghly; czh;j;JfpwJ.

Rptdbahh;f;F jd; kfidNa tpUe;jhf;fpa rpWj;njhz;lhpd;

nraiyf; fhZk;NghJ mJ kdpjj; jd;ikaw;w nrayhfj;
njhpe;jhYk;> mth; ,iwtd; Nky; nfhz;l cz;ikahd gf;jpAk;>
Nkw;nfhz;l nraypy; vt;tpj ,ilA+W Neh;e;jhYk; nra;J Kbf;Fk;
cWjpahd nrQ;rj;ijAk> ,iwtd; Nky;; nfhz;l gf;jpiaAk;
fhz Kbfpd;wJ.

Nkw;fz;l epfo;Tfis itj;Jg; ghhf;Fk; NghJ rptdbahh;fs;

jd;dyk; fUjhJ gpwh; eyj;ijNa fUj;jpy; nfhz;L tho;e;jdh;
vd;gijAk;> Mztk;> fd;kk;> khia Nghd;w Kk;kyq;fis ePf;fp
,iwnewp mwk; fhj;J kd;Dapiug; Nghw;wpdH; vd;gij
nghpaGuhzj;jpd; top epd;W ehk; mwpa Kbfpd;wJ.

135
njhFg;Giu

rptdbahHfs; gf;jpNahL nraw;fhpa nray;fs; nra;J

,iwaUs; ngw;Ws;sdh;.

nre;jPeLtd; jpUehisg; NghthH nre;jhkiu eLtd; gpukidg;

Nghy; tpsq;fpf; $j;jg; ngUkhidf; fhzg; ngw;whH.

jpUePyfz;lj;jpd; Nky; Mizapl;l jd; kidtpf;fhf,mtiu

jpUePyfz;l ehadhH jPz;lhjpUe;jhH. ,iwtd; je;j Xlhfpa
clk;gpd; J}a;ikiaj; jpUePyfz;l ehadhH ,oe;jhh; vd;w
jj;Jtk; GydhfpwJ.

,aw;gif ehadhH; rptdbahHf;fhf vijAk; ,y;iy vdhJ

<e;J ,iwaUs; ngw;Ws;shh; ,isahd;Fb khw ehadhH
tWikapYk; taypy; tpijj;j tpij ney;iyf; nfhz;L te;J
mbahHf;F mKjpl;L grpg;gpzpiag; Nghf;fpa kUj;Jtdhf tho;e;J
,iwnewp fhj;Js;shh;.

,iwtd; mbahH Ntlj;jpy; nfhLj;j milf;fyg; nghUshfpa

Nfhtzk; kiwe;jJk; mjw;fPlhf mkHePjpahH jd; nghd;> nghUs;
midj;Jk; nfhLj;jjd; %yk; mth; ,iwtd; kPJ nfhz;l
gf;jpapid fhz Kbfpd;wJ. vwpge;j ehadhH Nrho kd;dd;
mbahH gf;jp czHe;J jd;idNa kha;f;fj; Jzpe;J ,iwtd;
jpUf;fhl;rpapidf; fz;Ls;shh;.

rptypq;fj;jpd; fz;zpy; FUjp fz;l jpz;zd; jd;

fz;izNa ,le;jg;gpf; fz;zg;gH vd ,iwtdhy; ngah; ngw;whh;.
Fq;fpypaf;fyadhH kidahspd; jhypia tpw;W NfhapYf;Fr;
Fq;fpypag; nghUs; thq;fpf; nfhLj;J mth; nfhz;bUe;j ,iw
gf;fpapid ntspg;gLj;jpAs;shh;.

khdf;fQ;rhwhH kzf;Nfhyk; fhz ,Ue;j jd; kfs; $e;jiy,

mbahH Ntz;ba NghJ Nrw;wpy; kyHe;j nre;jhkiuahf

136
,d;Kfj;NjhL gQ;rtbf;F toq;fpajd; %yk; mthpd; ,iw
gf;jpapid; fhz Kbfpd;wJ. mhpths; jhaH G+ridg; nghUs;
jtwpf; fPNo tpOe;jJk; jd; ,d;Dapiu <e;J nfhs;s Kaw;rpj;J
,iwtdhy; Ml;nfhs;sg; ngw;whH.

%Hj;jp ehadhH Kbahfr; ril Kbia mzpe;jhh;. nfhz;l

nfhs;ifapy; cz;ik ,Ug;gpd; tho;tpy; tsk;ngw Cdk; xU
jilapy;iy vd;w ke;jpuj;ijj; jz;babfs; jpUM&H
jpUf;Fsj;jpy; jpUg;gzp nra;J ,iwaUshy; fz; ngw;wijf;
fhz Kbfpd;wJ.

jpUehTf;furH kNfe;jputHkd; nra;j nfhLik midj;ijAk;

ekrptha vd;w Ie;njOj;J ke;jpuj;jhy; Nghf;fpajd; %yk; mthpd;
,iw gf;jp Gyg;gLfpwJ. ekpee;jpabfs; jd; jtj;jhy; ePhpy;
tpsf;nfhpj;J mwk; tOthJ fhj;jJ mthpd; ,iw gf;jpia
ntspg;gLfpwJ.

jpUQhdrk;ge;jH jpUePw;Wg; gjpfk;ghbg; ghz;badpd; ntg;G

Neha; jzpj;Jg; ghz;ba ehl;by; irtKk;> jkpOk; jioj;Njhq;fr;
nra;jhH.

mjpgj;j ehadhH xU kPd; fpilj;jhYk; mij Md;ltDf;F

mHg;gzpj;jjd; %yk; ,iwg;gw;iwj; jtpu NtW ve;jtpjg; gw;Wk;
,y;yhJ tho;e;j mjpgj;jiuf; fhz KbfpwJ. fypa ehadhH
NfhapYf;F tpsf;Nfw;w vz;nza; toq;fp kd;DapHfspd; mf
,Uisg; Nghf;fp xspngw;W xspu mwk; nra;jjhy; ,tuJ gf;jp
Gyg;gLfpwJ.

fow;rpq;fH ,iwtDf;F khR cz;lhf;FgtH; kidtpahapDk;

Fw;wk; Fw;wNk vd;gij epiyngwr; nra;jhH.

G+ryhH ehadhH ,iwtDf;Fj; jd; kdjpy; Nfhapy;

vOg;gpdhH. ,iwtd; J}zpYk; JUk;gpYk; ,Ug;gJ Nghy; ey;y

137
cs;sk; nfhz;l Md;khtpYk; fye;jpUg;ghd; vd;gJ ,t;tbahh;
tuyhW mwpTWj;JfpwJ.

rhf;fpa ehadhH fy;yhy; mHr;rid nra;jhH. jd;gps;is

nra;Ak; jtW fz;L jhapd; kdk; jphpahJ. mJNghy; rptdbahH
nra;Ak; gpiofis ,iwtd; nghUj;jUs;thd; vd;gJ rhf;fpa
ehadhH Guhzk; ,ak;GfpwJ.

,t;thW mbahHfs; Mztk; Mfpa jd;idj;jhNd nghpjhf

vz;Zk; jd;ik, fd;kk; Mfpa gpwH eyk; fUjhJ, mwpe;Jk;
mwpahkYk; nra;Ak; tpidfs;, khia Mfpa caH;e;NjhH; cz;L
vd;gij ,y;iy vdf; $Wk; jd;ik Nghd;w Kk;kyq;fis ePf;fp
,iwnewp mwk; fhj;J kd;Dapiug; Nghw;wpdH;.

138
 rhd;nwz; tpsf;fk;

1. ,uhkypq;fk;.muq;f. jpUj;njhz;lh; tuyhW g -433

2. ckhgjp rpthr;rhhpahh;. Nrf;fpohh; Guhzk; gh -64
3. NrhkRe;jud;.mU. jpUkfs; epiyak; fk;guhkhazk; gh 1
4. rPdpthrd;.r. (g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M) jpUf;Fws; -1
5. Kidth;.fjph;KUF(c.M)v];.nfskhhP]t
; hp(gM)
jpUKUfhw;Wg;gil %yKk; ciuAk; gh -1
6. Rg;ukzpag; gps;is Re;juh; Njthuk; gh - 7:63:1
7. rPdpthrd;.r. (g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M) jpUf;Fws; -131
8. khzpf;fthrfd;.Qh.(c.M)ckh gjpg;gfk; jpU%yh;
jpUke;jpuk; %yKk; ciuAk; - gh :724
9. rPdpthrd;.r. (g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M) jpUf;Fws; - 3
10. ,uhkypq;fk;.muq;f. jpUj;njhz;lh; tuyhW g -98
11. M.g.ghiyad; (g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M) jpUf;Fws; -- 220
12. NkyJ - 618
13. Rg;gpukzpag;gps;is.fh mg;gh; Njthuk; gh- 6 : 98 :1
14. NkyJ gh- 5 : 90 :14
15. NkyJ gh- 4 : 11 :1
16. NkyJ gh- 4 : 3 :1
17. M.g.ghiyad; (g.M) ghpNkyofh; (c.M) jpUf;Fws; - 341
18. ,uhkypq;fk; muq;f. jpUj;njhz;lh; tuyhW g -215
19. khzpf;fthrfd;.Qh.(c.M)ckh gjpg;gfk; jpU%yh;
jpUke;jpuk; %yKk; ciuAk; - gh :2816
20. Rg;gpukzpag;gps;is.fh mg;gh; Njthuk; 4 : 4: 8
21. khzpf;fthrfd;.Qh.(c.M)ckh gjpg;gfk; jpU%yh;
jpUke;jpuk; %yKk; ciuAk; - gh :1823
22. NkyJ gh 1857

139