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OTEVA 90 SC, OTEVA 90 SC

PLUS
Oil tempered SiCrVNi-alloyed ultra-high tensile valve spring wire for
surface nitriding
OTEVA® 90 SC is a Super Clean steel, especially intended for the manufacture of clutch/transmission springs with
extremely high fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at increased working temperatures.

Manufactured as standard in shaved condition in sizes from Ø 2.00 mm to 6.00 mm, or in egg or elliptical shape
corresponding to round cross section 2.50 mm to 6.00 mm. Other wire sizes on request.

OTEVA® 90 SC PLUS is intended for manufacture of valve springs and other springs requiring extremely high
fatigue properties and good relaxation properties at increased working temperatures.

Further information about the approval process for OTEVA SC PLUS is found here.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
C (%) Si (%) Mn (%) P max. (%) S max. (%) Cr (%) V (%) Ni (%)

0.50 - 0.70 1.80 - 2.20 0.70 - 1.00 0.020 0.020 0.85 - 1.05 0.05 - 0.15 0.20 - 0.40

CLEANLINESS IN STEEL
The presence of non-metallic inclusions in the wire rod is inspected for every heat of OTEVA® 90 SC in accordance
with the Suzuki Garphyttan method by the steel supplier.

Before release for production, Suzuki Garphyttan performs non-metallic inclusion inspection for every fifth heat.
The criteria for supplier inspection and releasing inspection are the following;

For wire rod samples: Inclusion size max. 15 µm down to 1 mm below surface. Inspection area: 1 000 mm2.

Inclusion size, surface 5-10 µm >10-15 µm >15 µm

Max. number of 50 7 0
inclusions

For OTEVA 90 SC PLUS, every heat is inspected including a SEM-EDS analysis of inclusions > 10µm to verify a Super
Clean composition.

As stated by IVSWMA, International Valve Spring Wire Manufacturers Association, it is likely to find occasional inclusions
in valve spring quality steel of a size larger than 30 µm.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki Garphyttan or visit www.suzuki-garphyttan.com for more information
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OTEVA 90 SC, OTEVA 90 SC PLUS 2/5

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
1) Other wire sizes on request.
2) Ovality, i. e. the difference between the largest and smallest dimension of a cross section, is maximum half the
tolerance range.
3) Conversion from tensile strength to hardness values can be calculated in standard ISO EN 18265. The tensile
strength Rm within one coil does not vary more than 50 N/mm2.
4) Torsion test is carried out for assessing deformability. The fracture of the torsion test piece shall be smooth
and perpendicular to the wire axis. The rupture shall show no longitudinal cracks.

FOR ROUND WIRE

Diameter Tolerance Tensile Torsions (l=300 Reduct. of Tensile strength after heat
(mm) (mm) Strength mm, min. revs) area (min. treatment 480C 1h (N/mm²)
(N/mm²) %)

2.00 - ±0.020 2180 - 2280 5 45 -

2.50

2.51 - ±0.020 2130 - 2230 5 45 5-

3.20

3.21 - ±0.025 2080 - 2180 4 45 -

4.00

4.01 - ±0.025 2030 - 2130 3 45 -

5.00

5.01 - ±0.030 1980 - 2080 3 40 -

5.60

5.61 - ±0.035 1980 - 2080 3 40 -

6.00

YIELD POINT
The proof stress Rp0.2 is min. 0.8 x tensile strength of the wire. The proof stress will rise above 0.9 x tensile
strength after stress relieving the springs.

SURFACE CONDITIONS
SURFACE CONDITION
Surface condition – non-destructive testing
In the standard size range 2.00 - 6.00 mm the wire is tested continuously in Eddy Current equipment to a surface
level of ≥ 40 microns. Other wire sizes on request.

Surface condition – end sample test

The wire is end sample tested by means of etch testing and binocular inspection as well as microscopical
inspection of the material structure.
Max. permissible depth of partial surface decarburization and surface defects, 1 % x wire diameter. In shaved
condi-tion; for diameters <=2 .00 mm 10 µm, for diameters > 2.00 mm 0.5% x d.
For further technical support, please contact Suzuki Garphyttan or visit www.suzuki-garphyttan.com for more information
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OTEVA 90 SC, OTEVA 90 SC PLUS 3/5

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
E AND G MODULUS OF ELASTICITY
206 kN/mm²

E AND G MODULUS OF SHEAR

79.5 kN/mm²

STANDARDS
NEAREST EQUIVALENT STANDARDS
ASTM A877 C

RECOMMENDATIONS
HEAT TREATMENT
As soon as possible after coiling, the springs should be stress relieved. Depending on nitriding temperature used
later in the valve spring manufacturing process, this temperature may be decreased.

HOT PRESETTING
After shot peening, the springs should be hot preset or stress relieved. In order to reach optimum fatigue and
relaxation properties, the springs must be preset at an appropriate stress.

SOFT SHOT PEENING

Before the nitriding process a soft shot peening process shall be applied in order to remove the oxide layer on the
spring wire surface.

NITRIDING
Springs of OTEVA® 90 SC should be nitrided to obtain optimum fatigue and relaxation properties. Our
recommendation is gas nitriding.

SHOT PEENING
In order to obtain optimum fatigue properties, the process time should be adjusted to get a complete treatment.
Size of shots should be adapted to wire dimension, pitch and shot peening equipment.

For nitrided springs with an extremely hard surface zone, it is important to use a shot peening media with high
hardness.

Shot peening of the inside of the spring coils is particularly critical.

SPRING CONDITIONS FOR TESTS

Spring conditions for fatigue and relaxation tests (specially designed test spring) Diagram 1 and 2:

Wire size Ø 3.85 mm

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OTEVA 90 SC, OTEVA 90 SC PLUS 4/5

Diameter external 26.95 mm

Spring length, l0 53.0 mm

N active 4.15

Spring index 6.0

Stress relieving

Temperature 450 ±5 °C (840 ±10 °F) min. 420 °C (790 ±10 °F) for
nitriding

Time 30 minutes

Soft shot peened

Speed 20-30 m/s

Time 5 min

Shot size 0.8 mm

Nitriding Gas nitriding

Temperature 450-470°C

Time 5-20 hours

Aim for surface hardness Min. 800 Hv

Aim for core hardness Min. 560 Hv

Compound (white) layer Max. 1 µm.

Shot peening (triple shot peening for nitrided

springs)

1st treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa (~60m/s)* with RCW shot size 0.6
mm (hardness 800 Hv) f or 20 minutes.

2nd treatment 3rd treatment Pressure 0.3 MPa (~60m/s)* with RCW shot size 0.25
mm (hardness 800 Hv) f or 10 minutes. Pressure 0.2
Aim for Almen arc-height MPa (~40m/s)* with fine shot size (hardness 700 Hv)
for 10 minutes. 0.55 – 0.60 mm

Hot presetting 1500 N/mm2 (nitrided springs) 1300 N/mm2 (not

(theoretically set) nitrided springs)

Temperature 200°C (max. 250°C)

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OTEVA 90 SC, OTEVA 90 SC PLUS 5/5

Time 10 minutes

* Pressure setting for an air blast system and the approximate corresponding shot speed for a centrifugal blast
wheel (in brackets).

RELAXATION AND FATIGUE PROPERTIES

In diagram 1 the fatigue properties of this grade are illustrated in a Goodman-diagram, based on a special test
spring design.

Diagram 2 shows the relaxation properties (loss of load) of springs made from OTEVA® 90 SC wire subjected to
static compression at different temperatures, nitrided/not nitrided.

For further technical support, please contact Suzuki Garphyttan or visit www.suzuki-garphyttan.com for more information