Mathematical System q3.1

Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. A point has no dimension.
a. False b. true c. maybe d. cannot be determined
2. Which of the following represents a plane?
a. Pencil b. blackboard c. dot d. ball pen
3. What is the formula of a Pythagorean Theorem?
a. a² + b² = c² b. a² - b² = c² c. a² • b² = c² d. a + b = c²
4. It is a subset of a line that has two endpoints.
a. Skew lines b. Parallel lines c. ray d. line segment
5. The following represents a point EXCEPT.
a. Tip of a needle c. electric wire

b. A dot d. grain of sugar
6. A statement that can be demonstrated to be true by accepted mathematical operations and arguments.
a. Axiom b. Theorem c. postulate d. principle
7. Line segment and ray are some of the examples of _______.
a. Defined terms c. theorem

b. Undefined terms d. postulate
8. Which of the following represents a surface of a table and a wall?
a. Plane b. Point c. line d. ray
9. “A gentle torturer” is a specific example of?
a. Theorem c. Principle of Contradiction

b. Postulate d. Axiom
10. It is a one-dimensional figure which extends endlessly in both directions.
a. Ray b. Line segment c. angle d. line

Undefined and Defined Terms
Term Figure Description Notation

A point suggests an exact location in space.
Point  A It has no dimension. point A
We use a capital letter to name a point.
A line is a set of points arranged in a row.

 R It is extended endlessly in both directions.
Line  V It is a one-dimensional figure. ´
line m or RV
Two points determine a line. That is, two
distinct points are contained by exactly one
m line.
We use a lower case letter or any two points
on the line to name the line.
A plane is a set of points in an endless flat
surface.
The following determine a plane:
(a) three non-collinear points;
P
Plane (b)two intersecting lines; plane PQR or
(c) two parallel lines; or PQR
Q
(d) a line and a point not on the line. We use
a lower case letter or three points on the
R
plane to name the plane.
An angle is a union of two non-collinear rays with common endpoint. The two non-collinear rays are the sides
of the angle while the common endpoint is the vertex.
3
Undefined terms:
Point - represented by a dot. Has no length, width, or thickness, occupies no space. A point is
named using a CAPITAL LETTER and can be represented by a dot. All geometric figures are made
up of a collection of points.
Line - straight mark with arrow heads. Have infinite length but no width and thickness. It is named
by a single lower case script letter or by two points on a line (two CAPITAL LETTERS).
Plane – a flat surface that extends infinitely in all directions. It has length and width but no
thickness. It is named by a single script CAPITAL LETTER or by any three points in the plane
which are not on the same line.
Defined Terms – is a statement that clarifies or explains the meaning of a word or a phrase.
Line segment – a subset of a line that has two endpoints.
Ray – a subset of a line that has one endpoint and extends infinitely in only one direction.
Collinear points – are points that lie on the same line.
Noncollinear points – are points that do not lie on the same line.
Coplanar points – are points that lie on the same plane.
Noncoplanar points – are points that do not lie on the same plane.
Axioms or Postulate and Theorems

“0 is a natural number”, is an example of axiom.
Axiom is a concept in logic, a statement which is accepted without question and which does not require proof.
There are reasons why it has no proof for example:
1. The statement might be obvious. This means most people think it is clearly true.
2. The statement is based on physical laws and can easily be observed.
3. The statement is a proposition.
Principle of Contradiction is an example of an obvious axiom. It says that a statement and its opposite cannot
both be true at the same time and place. Thus, you can have a contradictory statement.
Example of a contradictory statement: “banal na aso”

“the cleanest mess”
“the sweetest salt”
What is a Theorem?
A theorem is a statement that can be demonstrated to be true by accepted mathematical operations

and arguments. In general, a theorem is an embodiment of some general principle that makes it part of a larger
theory.
Example:
Formula:
a² + b² = c²
a = side of right triangle
b = side of right triangle
c = hypotenuse
This theorem states that the area of the triangle whose side is the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of
the areas of the squares on the other two sides.
It is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry among the three sides of a right triangle.
Assessment (Post-Test)
Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. “The cleanest mess” is a specific example of?
a. Theorem c. Principle of Contradiction

b. Postulate d. Axiom
2. What is the formula of a Pythagorean Theorem?
a. a + b = c² b. a² • b² = c² c. a² - b² = c² d. a² + b² = c²
3. It is a one-dimensional figure.
a. line b. angle c. line segment d. ray
4. A point suggests an exact location in space.
a. cannot be determined b. a & b c. true d. false
5. A statement that can be demonstrated to be true by accepted mathematical operations and arguments.
a. Axiom b. Theorem c. postulate d. principle

6. Which of the following represents a plane?
a. wire b. wall c. ball pen d. dot
7. A blackboard and floor represent what?
a. Plane b. Point c. ray d. line
8. It is a subset of a line that has two endpoints.
a. Skew lines b. Parallel lines c. ray d. line segment
9. The following represents a point EXCEPT.
a. tip of a pen b. a dot c. electric wire d. edge of a table
10. Line segment and ray are some of the examples of what?
a. undefined terms c. postulate

b. defined terms d. theorem

Mathematical System q3.1

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Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. A point has no dimension.

a. False b. true c. maybe d. cannot be determined

2. Which of the following represents a plane?

a. Pencil b. blackboard c. dot d. ball pen

3. What is the formula of a Pythagorean Theorem?

4. It is a subset of a line that has two endpoints.

a. Skew lines b. Parallel lines c. ray d. line segment

5. The following represents a point EXCEPT.

a. Tip of a needle c. electric wire

a. Axiom b. Theorem c. postulate d. principle

7. Line segment and ray are some of the examples of _______.

a. Defined terms c. theorem

8. Which of the following represents a surface of a table and a wall?

a. Plane b. Point c. line d. ray

9. “A gentle torturer” is a specific example of?

a. Theorem c. Principle of Contradiction

10. It is a one-dimensional figure which extends endlessly in both directions.

a. Ray b. Line segment c. angle d. line

Term Figure Description Notation

A line is a set of points arranged in a row.

Axioms or Postulate and Theorems

There are reasons why it has no proof for example:

Example of a contradictory statement: “banal na aso”

A theorem is a statement that can be demonstrated to be true by accepted mathematical operations

a = side of right triangle

b = side of right triangle

Choose the letter of the correct answer.

a. Theorem c. Principle of Contradiction

2. What is the formula of a Pythagorean Theorem?

a. line b. angle c. line segment d. ray

4. A point suggests an exact location in space.

a. cannot be determined b. a & b c. true d. false

a. Axiom b. Theorem c. postulate d. principle

a. wire b. wall c. ball pen d. dot

7. A blackboard and floor represent what?

a. Plane b. Point c. ray d. line

8. It is a subset of a line that has two endpoints.

a. Skew lines b. Parallel lines c. ray d. line segment

9. The following represents a point EXCEPT.

a. tip of a pen b. a dot c. electric wire d. edge of a table

a. undefined terms c. postulate

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