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    Ch-10 Light - Refraction - Notes PT 1

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    Raadhiya Gogia

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    Ch-10 Light - Refraction - Notes PT 1

    Uploaded by

    Raadhiya Gogia
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    Ch-10 Light- Refraction - Notes Pt 1

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    7 views5 pages

    Ch-10 Light - Refraction - Notes PT 1

    Uploaded by

    Raadhiya Gogia

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    SUBJECT: SCIENCE

    CLASS – X
    Ch-10 LIGHT (Refraction)

    1. Define refraction of light.


    Ans:
    The phenomenon of the change in the path of the light as it
    passes from one transparent medium to another is called
    refraction of light.
    The path along which the light travels in the first medium
    is called incident ray and that in the second medium is
    called refracted ray. The angles which the incident ray and
    the refracted ray make with the normal at the surface of
    separation are called angle of incidence (i) and angle of
    refraction (r) respectively.
    It is observed that:
    (i) When a ray of light passes from an optically rarer
    medium (air) to a denser medium (glass) it bends
    towards the normal (∠ r < ∠ i) as shown in figure.
    (ii) When a ray of light passes from an optically denser
    (glass) to a rarer medium (air), it bends away from the
    normal ( ∠ r > ∠ i )as shown in figure.

    (iii) A ray of light travelling along the normal passes


    undeflected, here ∠ r = ∠ i = 0o

    State laws of refraction with diagram. Explain the term


    absolute refractive index of a medium and write its
    expression.
    Ans:
    Laws of Refraction: There are two laws of refraction-
    (i) The incident ray, the refracted ray and the normal at the
    point of incidence lie in the same plane.
    (ii) According to second law of refraction of light, the ratio of
    sine of angle of incidence to the sine of angle of refraction is
    constant for a given pair of media. (Snell’s law)
    That is called refractive index and it is denoted by ‘µ’
    Sini µ2
    =
    Sinr µ1
    Refractive Index and Speed of Light-
    Let the speed of light in medium 1 be v1 and that in medium
    2 be v2. Now, the refractive index of medium 2 with respect
    to medium 1 is equal to the ratio of speed of light in medium
    1 to the speed of light in medium 2. This can be written as:
    speed of light in medium2
    Refractive index of Medium 1 to medium 2 =
    speed of light in medium 1
    2µ1 =v 2

    V1

    2 µ1 = µ 1

    µ2

    Refractive index of Medium 2 to medium 1 = speed of light in medium1


    speed of light in medium 2
    2 1 µ =v 1

    V
    µ
    2

    2µ 1 =
    2

    µ 1

    Absolute RI= Speed of light in air (or vacuum)


    Speed of light in other medium
    µ= c
    vm

    Example 1: If the speed of light in vacuum is 3x10 8 m/s, find


    the absolute refractive index of the medium in which light
    travels with a speed of 1.4x10 8m/s.
    Ans:

    n= velocity of light in vacuum


    velocity of light in medium
    8
    n= 3×10 = 2.14
    1.4×108

    Example2. The refractive index of water and glass are 4/3


    and 3/2 respectively. Write the relation and
    find the value of
    refractive of water with respect to glass and glass with
    respect to water.
    Ans:
    4 3
    n = and n =
    w 3 g 2
    n 4×2=8
    n = w=
    g w ng 3×3 9
    1 9
    wng= n =
    g w 8
    3. What is meant by lateral displacement of light? Illustrate
    with the help of diagram. List the factors on which lateral
    displacement of a substance depend.
    Ans: Lateral displacement is the perpendicular distance between
    the incident ray produced and emergent ray.

    It depends on
    a. thickness of the slab
    b. incident angle and
    c. refractive index of
    the material.

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