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Lab3 G5

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7 views

Lab3 G5

lab report

Uploaded by

fatimabest15
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Electrical Engineering

Circuits 1 Lab

Experiment # 3

VDR and CDR (Part 2)

_______________ :Section: Day/Time

:Name & ID Number

____________________________________________.1
____________________________________________.2

__________________________________________ :Professor

______________________________________ :Lab Engineer

Circuit Analysis I Lab Manual 1


0402203 Circuit Analysis I Laboratory Experiment # 3

VDR and CDR (PART-2)

OBJECTIVES

 To learn how to identify and combine resistors in series and parallel.


 To learn the application of voltage division rule (VDR) and current division rule (CDR).
 To learn the use of software simulation tool-CADENCE-SPICE.

THEORY
If a node contains two elements only, we can say that these two elements are
connected in series. While a parallel combination occurs when elements share the
same pair of nodes.

Voltage divider rule is applicable for two series resistors only and for the given
polarities, as show below (Figure 1):

Figure 1
Current divider rule is applicable for two parallel resistors only and for the given
current directions, as show below (Figure 2):

Figure 2
If there is any change in the voltage polarities or the current directions, VDR or CDR must be changed
accordingly.

PRE-LAB
Consider the circuit shown in Figure 3:
R1

1.2 KΩ
R3 330 Ω
780 Ω
(use two resistors of 390 Ω
R4 in series)
R5 270 Ω

Circuit Analysis I Lab Manual 2


Figure 3

1. Make R2 open circuit, then:


a) Identify all the series and parallel elements. Put your answers in Table- 1.

Table 1: R2 is open circuit


Series Elements Parallel Elements

2. Make R2 shorted then identify the series and parallel elements in the circuits. Put
you answers in Table-2.
Table 2: R2 is short circuit
Series Elements Parallel Elements

PROCEDURE
Assemble the circuit shown in Figure-3 on the breadboard
1. Make R2 open circuit, find all the voltages (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5) Put your answers in Table 3.
2. Use multimeter to measure all the currents (IS, I1, I2, I3, I4, I5). Your answer must follow the given
polarity of voltages and currents. Wrong polarity is considered wrong. Put your answers in Table 3.
3. Make R2 short circuit, measure all the voltages (V1, V2, V3, V4, V5) Put your answers in Table 4.
4. Measure all the currents (IS, I1, I2, I3, I4, I5). Put your answers in Table 4.

Table 3: R2 is open circuit


V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 IS I1 I2 I3 I4 I5
Measured
Value

Table 4: R2 is short circuit


V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 IS I1 I2 I3 I4 I5
Measured
Value

REPORT AND RESULTS

1. What do you think will happen to the element voltages and currents in the condition when R2 is
shorted? Will it change? Explain your answer.

Circuit Analysis I Lab Manual 3


_______________________________________________________________________________
When R2 is shorted, the voltage across it becomes zero, and the current through that
_______________________________________________________________________________
branch increases significantly. As a result, the currents and voltages in the rest of the
_______________________________________________________________________________
circuit will decrease because the short circuit diverts most of the current through the
_______________________________________________________________________________
zero-resistance path.

CONCLUSION/ DISCUSSION: (use extra paper if necessary)

_____________________________________________________________________________________
In this lab, we applied the Voltage division Rule (VDR) and Current division Rule (CDR) to analyze
_____________________________________________________________________________________
circuits with resistors in series and parallel. Shorting R2 drastically changed the circuit behavior,
_____________________________________________________________________________________
causing the voltage across R2 to become zero and increasing the current through that branch. The
_____________________________________________________________________________________
experiment demonstrated how changes in circuit configuration affect voltage and current distribution,
_____________________________________________________________________________________
consistent with theoretical expectations.

Circuit Analysis I Lab Manual 4

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