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    Naming_Ionic_Compounds

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    Naming_Ionic_Compounds

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    Chapter 5: Molecules and Compounds

     Distinguish between common and


    systematic names for compounds.
     Name binary ionic compounds containing a
    metal that forms only one type of ion.
     Name binary ionic compounds containing a
    metal that forms more than one type of ion.
     Name ionic compounds containing a
    polyatomic ion.
     Chemists have developed systematic ways
    to name compounds.
     If you learn the naming rules, you can examine
    a compound’s formula and determine its name,
    and vice versa.
     Many compounds also have a common
    name.
     NaCl has the common name salt and the
    systematic name sodium chloride.
     Identify if the metal cation has more than
    one potential charge.
     Such metals are usually (but not always) found
    in the transition metals section of the periodic
    table.
     Notable Exceptions:
    ▪ Always Zn2+ and Ag+
    ▪ Sn and Pb can have multiple charges
     Binary compounds are those that
    contain only two different elements.
    The names for binary ionic compounds
    containing a metal that forms only one
    type of ion have the following form:
    Name of Cation + Base Name of Anion + ide
     Since the charge of the metal is always
    the same for these types of compounds,
    it need not be specified in the
    compound’s name.
     Example: MgF2
     Name these compounds:
     CaO
     Al2O3
     KF
     MgCl2
     Li3N
     Write the formula for these ionic
    compounds:
     Potassium bromide

     Sodium oxide

     Zinc nitride
     If the cation could have more than one
    charge, then the charge must be
    specified in the metal’s name.
     We specify the charge with a Roman
    numeral (in parentheses) following the
    name of the metal.
     For example, we distinguish between
    Cu+ and Cu2+ by writing a (I) to indicate
    the 1+ ion or a (II) to indicate the 2+ ion:
     Cu+ Copper(I)
     Cu2+ Copper(II)
     These compounds are named using the
    following form:

    Name of (charge of metal in Base Name of


    Cation
    + roman numerals)
    +
    Anion + ide
     We can determine the charge of the
    metal from the chemical formula of the
    compound.
     The sum of all the charges must be zero.
     What is the charge of iron in FeCl3?
     +3
     What is the name for FeCl3?
     Iron (III) Chloride
     Name the following compounds:
     PbCl4

     PbO

     Explain why CaO is not named calcium


    (II) oxide.
     Write the formula for the following
    compounds:
     Chromium (II) chloride

     Tin (IV) oxide

     Iron (III) oxide


     Ionic compounds containing polyatomic
    ions are named using the same
    procedure we apply to other ionic
    compounds, except that we use the
    name of the polyatomic ion whenever it
    occurs.
     For example, we name KNO3 using its
    cation, K+, potassium, and its
    polyatomic anion, NO3-, nitrate.
     KNO3 potassium nitrate
     Fe(OH)2

     NH4NO3
     Write the formula for the following
    compounds:
     barium nitrate

     ammonium iodide

     iron (III) hydroxide


     Many polyatomic ions are oxyanions,
    anions containing oxygen.
     When a series of oxyanions contain
    different numbers of oxygen atoms,
    they are named systematically
    according to the number of oxygen
    atoms in the ion.
     If there are two ions in the series, the
    one with more oxygen atoms is given
    the ending -ate and the one with fewer
    is given the ending -ite.

     NO3− nitrate SO42− sulfate


    NO2− nitrite SO32− sulfite
     If there are more than two ions in the series, then
    the prefixes hypo-, meaning “less than,” and per-,
    meaning “more than,” are used.
     ClO − hypochlorite BrO − hypobromite
    ClO2− chlorite BrO2− bromite
    ClO3− chlorate BrO3− bromate
    ClO4− perchlorate BrO4−perbromate
     K2CrO4

     Mn(NO3)2
     Write the formula for the following
    compounds:
     sodium perchlorate

     sodium chlorite

     sodium nitrate

     sodium nitrite

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