Location via proxy:   [ UP ]  
[Report a bug]   [Manage cookies]                
Scribd
Upload
2 views

physicsproject

The document outlines the construction and working of a full wave rectifier, which converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It includes details on required materials, circuit diagrams, and the operational process, highlighting the advantages of full wave rectifiers over half wave rectifiers. Additionally, it compares the two types of rectifiers in terms of efficiency and performance.

Uploaded by

sanjithasenthilkumar1412
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
2 views

physicsproject

The document outlines the construction and working of a full wave rectifier, which converts alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC). It includes details on required materials, circuit diagrams, and the operational process, highlighting the advantages of full wave rectifiers over half wave rectifiers. Additionally, it compares the two types of rectifiers in terms of efficiency and performance.

Uploaded by

sanjithasenthilkumar1412
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

TABLE OF CONTENTS

AIM………………………………………………..................2
INTRODUCTION……………………………………………..3
MATERIAL REQUIRED…………………………………….4
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM…………………………………………5
WORKING………………………………………………………7
GRAPHS…………………………………………………………9
MERITS AND DEMERITS………………………………..10
COMPARISON BETWEEN FULL WAVE AND HALF
WAVE RECTIFIER…………………………………………..12
BIBILIOGRAPHY…………………………………………….13

1
AIM
To construct a full wave rectifier and show
that Alternating Current is rectified into a Direct
Current.

2
INTRODUCTION

A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to


rectify all the alternating current components
tin an alternating supply and make it purely a
direct current. The two alternating halves of an
alternating current are rectified in a full wave
rectifier which is an advantage over a half wave
rectifier. Most electronic devices cannot
withstand very high voltage or alternating
current due to its intense high power. The use
of batteries in all devices is not practical as their
replacement and durability is a huge problem
as the device has to be dismantled each time
for such a replacement. So, these rectifiers are
used in most of the electronic devices like TV’s ,
Radios ,Chargers , and Lightings etc.
MATERIAL REQUIRED
3
1. Connecting wires
2. A plug
3. Single lead wire – 2m
4. 3 nuts & Bolts 2 to 3 cm length
5. Circuit board
6. A transformer
7. A capacitor
8. A Resistor(1K ohm)
9. P-N junction diodes
10. A LED
11. Insulation tape, Blades, soldering wax,
soldering lead, soldering iron and sand
paper

4
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Connection details:
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C.
supply is given to both the input wires of the
transformer and the two ends of the secondary
coil is given to the P side of the two diodes and

5
the N side of the diodes are twined and then
connected to one end of the capacitor and the
other end to the centre tap and lead and to the
resistor. Further, the other end of capacitor
with the diode connect ion is connected to the
other end of the resistor. Connect 2 leads on
both the ends of the resistor to measure the
output and this is connected to the +ve & -ve
terminals of the bulb.

6
WORKING
1st when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer,
it steps down the 230V main supply to 6 volts.
It has a capability of delivering a current of
500mA. The 6 volts A.C. appearing across the
secondary is the RMS value and the peak value
is 8.4 volts. During the1st half cycle of the A.C.
input Diode D1 is forward biased and a current
‘I’ flows in the circuit in the direction S 1D1
ABEOS1. During this time diode D2 is reverse
biased. So, it does not conduct any electric
current. During the next half cycle, the diode
D2 is forwarded and D1 is reversed. Hence D2
conducts current in the direction S2D2 ABEOS2
and D1 does not conduct any current. In
subsequent half cycles of the A.C. current the
above processes are repeated.

7
In both the half cycles it is clear that
current flows through the resistor in only one
direction ABE. Even though the voltage across
RL is unidirectional it will still contain a few A.C.
components. This is filtered and made smooth
using a capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C.
current. A resistor is then used to adjust the
output voltage. Capacitor also nearly filters all
the A.C. components from the supply and
resistance is adjusted for the required output.
As this is a simple circuit, only one capacitor
and a resistance are being used. But there will
be slight factor of A.C. current still left in the
output but it is negligible. The output Direct
Current and voltage light up the LED.

8
GRAPHS

9
MERITS AND DEMERITS
Merits:
 The rectification efficiency of full wave
rectifier is double of that of a half wave
rectifier.
 The ripple voltage is low and of higher
Frequency in case of a full wave rectifier so
simple filtering circuit is required.
 Higher output voltage higher output power
and higher TUF in case of a full wave
rectifier.
 In a full wave rectifier, there is no problem
due to DC saturation of the core because
the DC currents in the two halves of the
transformer secondary flow in opposite
directions.

10
Demerits:
 Full wave rectifier needs more circuit
elements and is costlier.

11
COMPARISON BETWEEN FULL WAVE &
HALF WAVE RECTIFIER
S.No. Parameter Half wave Full wave
rectifier rectifier
1. Number of 1 2
diodes
2. VDC VM/Π 2VM/Π
3. Peak VM 2VM
inverse
voltage
4. Ripple 1.12 0.48
factor
5. Rectifier 40.6% 81.2%
efficiency
6. Transformer 0.287 0.693
utilization
factor
7. Form factor 1.57 1.11

12
BIBILIOGRAPHY
 Wikipedia.com
 Google search engine
 www.youtube.com/C/Knowledgecycle
 Physics NCERT book for class XII

13
14
15
16
17
18

You might also like