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Full Wave Rectifier Project

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anshuman18530
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81 views

Full Wave Rectifier Project

Uploaded by

anshuman18530
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that ADARSH SINGH of class XII-A2 has


successfully completed his PHYSICS PROJECT titled ‘FULL WAVE
RECTIFIER’ under the supervision and guidance of MRS. KAVITA
VAJPAYEE for the academic year 2024-25. The certified student
has been dedicated throughout his research and completed his
work before the given deadline without missing any important
details from the project.
It is also certified that the project is the individual work of the
student and can be submitted for evaluation.

EXAMINER’S SIGNATURE TEACHER’S SIGNATURE


ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my Physics teacher MRS. KAVITA VAJPAYEE


for giving the extraordinary idea about this project on the topic
‘FULL WAVE RECTIFIER’ and guiding this project until finish line. I
would also like to express my thanks to the principal MRS. UMA
PANDEY for inspiring us on the project and encouraging us.
My thanks should not stop alone with teacher. My parents and
friends also played a big role in it. I see this project as a result
of hard work from us and innovation from my teacher. So,
thanks to all of them who put their hands in it and made it
successful.

STUDENT’S NAME – ADARSH SINGH


INDEX

 Introduction
 Aim
 Materials required
 Circuit diagram
 Working
 Graphs
 Application
 Merits and Demerits
 Bibliography
INTRODUCTION
A Rectifier is a nothing but a simple diode or group of diode
which converts the Alternating current(AC) into direct
current(DC).
We know that a diode allows electric current in one direction
and blocks electric current in another direction. We are using
this principal to construct various types of rectifiers.
Rectifiers are classified into different types based on number of
diodes used in the circuit or arrangement of diodes in the
circuit. The basic types of rectifiers are Half wave rectifier and
Full wave rectifier.
A full wave rectifier is a device which is used to rectify all the
alternating current components in an alternating supply and
make it purely a direct current. The two alternating halves of
an alternation current are rectified in a full wave rectifier
which is an advantage over a half wave rectifier.
AIM

To consTrucT a Full Wave


recTiFier and shoW ThaT The
alTernaTing currenT (ac) is
recTiFied inTo direcT currenT
(dc).
MATERIALS REQUIRED
 Connecting wires
 A plug
 Single lead wire-2m
 3 nuts and bolts-2 to 3cm length
 Circuit board
 A transformer
 A capacitor
 A resistor-1kΩ
 p-n junction diodes
 A LED
 Insulation tape, blades
 Soldering wax, soldering lead, soldering iron
 Sand paper
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

CONNECTION DETAILS:
Connections are done as in the circuit. The A.C. supply is given
to both the input wires of the transformer and the two ends of
the secondary coil is given to the P side of the two diodes and
he N side of the diodes are twined and then connected to one
end of the capacitor and the other end to the centre tap lead
and to the resistor. Further, the other end of capacitor with the
diode connect is connected to the other end of the resistor.
Connect 2 leads on both the ends of the resistor to measure the
output and this is connected to the positive & negative
terminals of the bulb.
WORKING
First when the A.C. is supplied to the transformer, it steps down
the 230V main supply to 6 volts. It has a capability of delivering
a current of 0.5A. THE 6 volts A.C. appearing across the
secondary is the RMS value and the peak value is 8.4 volts.
During the 1st half cycle of the A.C. input diode D1 is forward
biased and a current ‘I’ flows in the circuit in the direction S1D1
ABEOS1. During this time diode D2 is reverse biased. So, it does
not conduct any electric current. During the next half cycle, the
diode D2 is forward and D1 is reversed. Hence, D2 conducts
current in the direction S2D2 ABEOS2 and D1 does not conduct
any current. In subsequent half cycles of the A.C. current the
above processes are repeated.
In both the half cycles it is clear that current flows through the
resistor in only one direction ABE. Even thought the voltage
across RL is unidirectional it will still contain a few A.C.
components. This is filtered and made smooth using a
capacitor, which filters 99% of the A.C. current. A resistor is
then used to adjust the output voltage. Capacitor also nearly
filters all A.C. components from the supply and resistance is
adjusted for the required output. As this is simple circuit, only
one capacitor and a resistance are being used. But there will be
slight factor of A.C. current still left in the output but it is
negligible. The output direct current and voltage light up the
LED.
GRAPHS
APPLICATION
I. Because of their low cost compared to centre tapped, they
are widely used in power supply circuit.
II. This can be used to detect the amplitude of modulated
radio signals.
III. Bridge rectifier can be used to simplify polarized voltage
in welding.
IV. In daily life, rectifier find use in mobile chargers.
V. These rectifiers are used in most of the electronic devices
like TV’s, radios, chargers and lightings.
MERITS AND DEMERITS
MERITS:
 The rectification efficiency of full wave rectifier is
double that of half wave rectifier.
 The repel voltage is low and of higher frequency in case of
full wave rectifier so simple filtering circuit is required.
 Higher output voltage, higher output power and higher TUF
in case of full wave rectifier.
 In a full wave rectifier, there is no problem due to DC
saturation of core because the DC currents in the two half
wave of transformer secondary flows in opposite direction.

DEMERITS:
 Full wave rectifier needs more circuit element and is
costlier.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

 Wikipedia.com
 Google search engine
 Knowledgecycle.in
 Physics NCERT book-class XII

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