Building Management System: Unit - 1 Bms - Introduction

BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
YAR204
UNIT -1
BMS– INTRODUCTION
Ar. N.Ramesh Babu. B.Arch,M.T.P

Associate Professor
Department of Architecture
PMIST
UNIT – I INTRODUCTION
Introduction to Basics of Building Management Systems (BMS), Integrated Building
Management Systems (IBMS) and Building Automation System (BAS). Scope and Importance of Building
Management Systems. Introduction to Facilities Management (FM) Building Information Modeling (BIM),
Management Information systems (MIS). Introduction to Maintenance systems - Preventive maintenance
(PM), Predictive Maintenance (PdM), Corrective Maintenance.
UNIT- II ASPECTS OF BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

HVAC management –Central plant optimization (CPO) , Chillers, Cooling towers, VAV, AHU, Exhaust
systems, Lighting fixtures , Electrical systems management, Plumbing and Fire fighting systems
management. Safety and Security systems management – Alarm systems, Access control systems, Closed
circuit television, Intruder Alarm, Perimeter protection, Safety systems. Case study, examples.
UNIT - III CONTROL SYSTEMS, PROTOCOLS AND SERVICE INTEGRATION

Controllers-Types and functions, Pneumatic control systems, electric control systems. Computerized control
systems, Direct digital control, Sensors and Actuators-Types and functions. Occupancy, Integration using
Internet protocol. Open protocols Vs Proprietary systems, BacnetVs Lonmark, Fully Integrated system Vs
Standalone operations.
Integration of services – water pump monitoring & control - Control of Computerized HVAC Systems –
Direct Digital Control - chillers, pumps, BTU monitoring & control – IBMS system and its components –
centralized control equipments – sub- station and field controllers – field sensors. Case study, examples.
UNIT – IV TRENDS IN BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Energy Management and Control Systems (EMCS), Management Information systems (MIS) Building
Energy Management systems (BEMS), BMS retrofitting, BMS towards sustainability and green practices.
Intelligent buildings, Role of BMS in energy efficiency and maintenance cost. Case study, examples.
BMS Future cities, Intelligent/Smart cities, Smart grids, Demand driven distribution, centralized cooling
plants, Wireless Building Technology, Intelligent wireless street lighting system, Intelligent Traffic
Management systems, Intelligent guidance systems. Case study, examples.
UNIT – V CASE STUDY VISIT

Understanding various aspects of BMS, controlling and monitoring functions of BMS by analyzing live case
studies, appropriate documentation and presenting the same.
Building Management System
Building Management System (BMS) is a high technology system

installed on buildings that controls and monitors the building’s
mechanical and electrical equipment such as air handling and cooling
plant systems, lighting, power systems, fire systems, and security
systems.
A BMS consists of software and hardware.
The software program, usually configured in a hierarchical manner, can
be proprietary using such protocols as C-bus, Profibus, etc. Recently
however new vendors are producing BMSs that integrate using Internet
protocols and open standards like SOAP, XML, BacNet, Lon and
Modbus.
For example in an Organization BMS comprises of 'Access Control'
(which controls the employees restricted movability in the
Organization), CCTV facilities, etc.
Building Automation System
Building Management System Architecture
Functions of Building Management Systems
The three basic functions of a central, computer-controlled BMS are:

•controlling
•monitoring
•optimizing
the building’s facilities, mechanical, and electrical equipment for
comfort, safety, and efficiency.
Benefits of BMS
Building tenant/occupants
•Good control of internal comfort conditions
•Possibility of individual room control
•Increased staff productivity
•Effective monitoring and targeting of energy consumption
•Improved plant reliability and life
•Effective response to HVAC-related complaints
•Save time and money during the maintenance
Benefits of BMS
Building owner
•Higher rental value
•Flexibility on change of building use
•Individual tenant billing for services facilities manager
•Central or remote control and monitoring of building
•Increased level of comfort and time saving
•Remote Monitoring of the plants
(such as AHU's, Fire pumps, plumbing pumps,
Electrical supply, STP, WTP etc.)
Maintenance Companies
•Ease of information availability problem
•Computerized maintenance scheduling
•Effective use of maintenance staff
•Early detection of problems
•More satisfied occupants
Salient Features of BMS
 Application specific.
 Intelligent monitoring & control system.
 Involves participation from the owner,
architect, consultant & the system
integrator.
 Improves the quality of environment
 Provides information at the click of a
mouse.
 Lowers operations cost by reducing Energy
/ Manpower use.
 Increases flexibility
Scope of Importance of BMS
• Complete On-Line Programming
• Freely programmable as per requirement
• User Friendly
• Energy & Maintenance Management Programs
• Standalone Time Scheduled Controls
• Uses simple windows based application software to provided
control solutions for various applications

Domain
Security
(Access control / Video / Intruder / Perimeter)
Integrated
Systems
Building Services Automation

Safety
HVAC / Lighting / Electrical
Fire detection / Gas Suppression
Water
Preventive maintenance (PM)
Preventing the failure before it actually occurs.
The care and servicing by personnel for the purpose of maintaining

equipment and facilities in satisfactory operating condition by providing
for systematic inspection, detection, and correction of incipient failures
either before they occur or before they develop into major defects.
Maintenance performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring.

•includes tests,
•measurements,
•adjustments and parts replacement.
The primary goal of maintenance is to avoid or mitigate the

consequences of failure of equipment.
Preventing the failure before it actually occurs.

Planned Maintenance and Condition Based Maintenance
It is designed to preserve and restore equipment reliability by replacing

worn components before they actually fail.
Preventive maintenance activities include partial or complete overhauls
at specified periods, oil changes, lubrication and so on.
In addition, workers can record equipment deterioration so they know

to replace or repair worn parts before they cause system failure.
The ideal preventive maintenance program would prevent all

equipment failure before it occurs.
Predictive maintenance (PdM)
techniques help determine the condition of in-service horse-rod in order

to predict when maintenance should be performed. This approach offers
cost savings over routine or time-based preventive maintenance,
because tasks are performed only when warranted.
The main value of Predicted Maintenance is to allow convenient

scheduling of corrective maintenance, and to prevent unexpected
equipment failures. The key is "the right information in the right time".
By knowing which equipment needs maintenance, maintenance work

can be better planned (spare parts, people etc.) and what would have
been "unplanned stops" are transformed to shorter and fewer "planned
stops", thus increasing availability of service by equipments.
Other advantages include increased equipment lifetime, increased

safety, negative impact on environment, and optimised handling.
Corrective maintenance is a maintenance task performed to

identify, isolate, and rectify a fault so that the failed equipment,
machine, or system can be restored to an operational condition
within the tolerances or limits established for in-service operations.
CONFUSIONS
Preventive maintenance (PM)
Predictive Maintenance (PdM)
Corrective Maintenance.
Difference Between Preventive and Predictive Maintenance
Predictive maintenance tends to include direct measurement of the item.
Examples
An individual bought a incandescent light bulb. The manufacturing
company mentioned that the life span of the bulb is 3 years. Just before
the 3 years, the individual decided to replace the bulb with a new one.
This is called preventive maintenance.
On the other hand, the individual has the opportunity to observe the bulb
operation daily. After two years, the bulb starts flickering. The individual
predicts at that time that the bulb is going to fail very soon and decides
to change it for a new one. This is called predictive maintenance.
The individual ignores the flickering bulb and only goes out to buy
another replacement light bulb when the current one fails. This is called
corrective maintenance.
Building Automation System
A Building Automation System (BAS) is an example of a Distributed

control system. Building automation describes the functionality
provided by the control system. The control system is a computerized,
intelligent network of electronic devices, designed to monitor and
control the mechanical and lighting systems in a building.
BAS core functionality keeps the building climate within a specified
range, provides lighting based on an occupancy schedule, and
monitors system performance and device failures and provides email
and/or text notifications to building engineering staff. The BAS
functionality reduces building energy and maintenance costs when
compared to a non-controlled building. A building controlled by a BAS
is often referred to as an intelligent building
Building Automation System (BAS)
LEVEL 5
Passive sensors – flame, smoke, temperature, water flow detectors

Physical condition indicator – fire door position sensor, manual call point.
Level 5 – sensor/monitor only (no control or operation)
LEVEL 4
Fire door actuator, smoke vent controls, sprinkler system valves, fan
control switches.
Level 4 – transmit a condition signal and receive an operating signal.

LEVEL 3
Floor, zone or area controller, PLC
Level 3 –receives information from level 4 & 5 and processes it.

Operates local audibles and visible alarms directly
Sends alarm and condition information to level 2 building
controller and level 1 master controller
LEVEL 2
Central fire and evacuation system controls.

Firefighter controls
Elevator operation and HVAC fan functioning
LEVEL 1
Central computer.

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BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Ar. N.Ramesh Babu. B.Arch,M.T.P

UNIT- II ASPECTS OF BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

UNIT - III CONTROL SYSTEMS, PROTOCOLS AND SERVICE INTEGRATION

UNIT – IV TRENDS IN BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

UNIT – V CASE STUDY VISIT

Building Management System (BMS) is a high technology system

The three basic functions of a central, computer-controlled BMS are:

• Complete On-Line Programming

• Freely programmable as per requirement

• Energy & Maintenance Management Programs

• Standalone Time Scheduled Controls

• Uses simple windows based application software to provided

control solutions for various applications

Building Services Automation

Preventing the failure before it actually occurs.

The care and servicing by personnel for the purpose of maintaining

Maintenance performed specifically to prevent faults from occurring.

The primary goal of maintenance is to avoid or mitigate the

Preventing the failure before it actually occurs.

It is designed to preserve and restore equipment reliability by replacing

In addition, workers can record equipment deterioration so they know

The ideal preventive maintenance program would prevent all

techniques help determine the condition of in-service horse-rod in order

The main value of Predicted Maintenance is to allow convenient

By knowing which equipment needs maintenance, maintenance work

Other advantages include increased equipment lifetime, increased

Corrective maintenance is a maintenance task performed to

Preventive maintenance (PM)

Predictive Maintenance (PdM)

A Building Automation System (BAS) is an example of a Distributed

Passive sensors – flame, smoke, temperature, water flow detectors

Level 5 – sensor/monitor only (no control or operation)

Level 4 – transmit a condition signal and receive an operating signal.

Floor, zone or area controller, PLC

Level 3 –receives information from level 4 & 5 and processes it.

Central fire and evacuation system controls.

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