Properties - Integers

Properties of the
Operations on Integers
+
equals
If a represents the number of motorbike riders and b

represents the number of bicycle riders, show the
mathematical statement for the diagram below.
_______ + _______ = _______ + _______
Activity
Rules of the Game:
1. The mission of each player holding a strip of cartolina is
to let the classmates guess the hidden word by drawing
symbols, figures or images on the board without any word.
2. If the hidden property is discovered, a volunteer from the
group will give his/her own meaning of the identified words.
3. From the printed descriptions, he/she can choose the
appropriate definition of the disclosed word and verify if
his/her initial description is correct.
The game ends when all the words are revealed.

 What operation is used in illustrating the diagram?
Addition
 What happened to the terms in both sides of the
equation? The terms were interchanged.
 Based on the previous activity, what property is being
applied?
Commutative Property of Addition:
for integers a, b, a + b = b + a
 What if the operation is replaced by multiplication, will
the same property be applicable? Give an example to
prove your answer.
2•3=3•2
6=6
 Define the Commutative Property of Multiplication:
for integers a, b, ab = ba

 Give a real life situation in which the
commutative property can be applied.
 An example is preparing fruit juices - even if
you put the powder first before the water or
vice versa, the product will still be the same.
It’s still the same fruit juice.
 Test the property on subtraction and division
operations by using simple examples. What
did you discover?
 Commutative property is not applicable to
subtraction and division as shown in the
following examples:
6–2=2–6 6÷2=2÷6
4 ≠ -4 3 ≠ - .666
+
+
+ +
If a represents the number of cellphones, b

represents the ipods and c represents the
laptops, show the mathematical statement for
the diagram below.
(_______ + _______ ) +_______ = _______ + (_______ + _______ )
What operation is used in illustrating the diagram? Addition
• What happened to the groupings of the given sets that
correspond to both sides of the equation? The groupings
were changed.
• Based on the previous activity, what property is being
applied?
Associative Property of Addition
for integers a, b and c, (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
What if the operation is replaced by multiplication, will the
same property be applicable? Give an example to prove
your answer
(2 • 3) • 5 = 3 • (2 • 5)
6 • 5 = 3 • 10
30 = 30
Associative Property of Multiplication
for integers a, b and c, (a• b)c = a(b• c)
Define the property.
Associative Property - changing the grouping of numbers
that are either being added or multiplied does not change
its value.
Give a real life situation wherein associative property can be
applied.
An example is preparing instant coffee – even if you combine
coffee and creamer then sugar or coffee and sugar then
creamer the result will be the same
– 3-in-1coffee.
Test the property on subtraction and division operations by
using simple examples. What did you discover?
Associative property is not applicable to subtraction and
division as shown in the following examples:
(6 – 2) – 1 = 6 – (2 – 1) (12 ÷ 2) ÷ 2 = 12 ÷ (2 ÷ 2)
4 – 1 = 6 – 1 6 ÷ 2 = 12 ÷ 1
3 ≠ 5 3 ≠12
2× +
2× + 2×
If a represents the multiplier in front, b represents the set of

oranges and c represents the set of strawberries, show the
mathematical statement for the diagram below.
_____ (_____+_____ ) = _____ • _____ + _____• ______
What property is illustrated?
 Distributive Property - When two numbers
have been added / subtracted and then multiplied by
a factor, the result will be the same when each number
is multiplied by the factor and the products are then
added / subtracted.
Give a real life situation wherein distributive property
can be applied.
Your mother gave you four 5-peso coins and your
grandmother gave you four 20-peso bills. You now
have P20 worth of 5-peso coins and P80 worth of 20-
peso bill. You also have four sets of P25 each
consisting of a 5-peso coin and a 20-peso bill.
What property is illustrated above? Identity Property of Addition
What will be the result if you add something represented by
any number to nothing represented by zero?
The result is the non-zero no.
What do you call zero “0” in this case? Zero, “0” is the additive identity.
Identity Property for Addition states that 0 is the additive identity, that is, the
sum of any number and 0 is the given number.
Is there a number multiplied to any number that will result to that same
number? Give examples.
Yes, the number is 1. Examples: 1•2=2 1•3=2 1•4=2
What property is being illustrated? Define.
Identity Property for Multiplication says that 1 is the Multiplicative Identity - the
product of any number and 1 is the given number, a • 1 = a.
What do you call one “1” in this case?
One, “1” is the multiplicative identity
Put in
+
How many cabbages are there in the box? 4 cabbages
Using integers, represent “put in 4 cabbages” and
“remove 4 cabbages”? What will be the result if you add
these representations? (+4) + (-4) = 0
Based on the previous activity, what property is being
applied in the images presented?
Inverse Property for Addition a + (-a)= 0
What will be the result if you add something to its
negative? The result is always zero.
Remove ?
What do you call the opposite of a number in terms of
sign? What is the opposite of a number represented
by a?
Additive Inverse.
The additive inverse of the number a is –a. It states that
the sum of any number and its additive inverse or its
negative, is zero.
What do you mean by reciprocal and what is
the other term used for it?
The reciprocal is 1 divided by that number or
the fraction , where a represents the number.
The reciprocal of a number is also known as
its multiplicative inverse.
What if you multiply a number say 5 by its
multiplicative inverse 1/5 , what will be the
result of 5 x 1/5 = 1
What property is being illustrated? Define.
Inverse Property for Multiplication
- states that the product of any number and its
multiplicative inverse or reciprocal, is 1.
For any number a, the multiplicative inverse 1/a
Exercises:
1. 0 + (-3) = -3
2. 2(3 - 5) = 2(3) - 2(5)
3. (- 6) + (-7) = (-7) + (-6)
4. 1 x (-9) = -9
5. -4 x - = 1
6. 2 x (3 x 7) = (2 x 3) x 7
7. 10 + (-10) = 0
8. 2(5) = 5(2)
9. 1 x (- ) = -
10. (-3)(4 + 9) = (-3)(4) + (-3)(9)

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Properties of the

If a represents the number of motorbike riders and b

The game ends when all the words are revealed.

If a represents the number of cellphones, b

If a represents the multiplier in front, b represents the set of

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