Laws of Motion

Science 8
Lesson 1: Changes in the motion of

objects
Lesson 2: Balanced and unbalanced
forces
Presentation prepared by: Ms. Marylan B. Ferolino
Lesson 1: Changes in the
motion of objects
Most Essential Learning Competency:
“What do I need to learn?
Investigate the relationship between the

amount of force applied and the mass of the
object to the amount of change in the object’s
motion.
Definition of Terms:
1 Motion: 2 Force:
a phenomenon in The push or a pull of an
which an object object with a specific
changes its position magnitude and
direction.
over time.
3 Dynamics: 4
Mass:
The study of forces
The amount of
that cause objects
matter in an object.
and systems to
move.
5 6
Inertia: Velocity:
• the tendency of an • the rate of change
object to continue in of an object’s
the state of rest or of position with
uniform motion respect to time.
7
Acceleration:
• The rate at which an
object’s velocity is
changing over time.
Newton’s Laws of Motion
 Sir Isaac Newton worked in many
areas of mathematics and physics. He
developed the theories of gravitation
in 1666 when he was only 23 years
old. In 1686, he presented his three
laws of motion in the “Principia
Mathematica Philosophiae Naturalis.”
NEWTON’S FIRST LAW OF
MOTION:
Law of Inertia
“Walang mangyayari kung hindi
ka mageeffort.”
FIRST LAW: Inertia
Inertia:
the tendency of an object to
An object at rest remains at
continue in the state of rest or rest, and an object in
of uniform motion
motion remains in motion at
constant speed and in a
straight line unless acted on
by an external force.
FIRST LAW: Inertia
A man’s body
has inertia, and
so a force is
needed to
change its
velocity.
NEWTON’S SECOND LAW OF
MOTION:
Law of Acceleration
SECOND LAW: Force
Acceleration:
• The rate at which an object’s The acceleration of an
velocity is changing over
time. object depends on the
mass of the object and
the amount of force
applied.
SECOND LAW: Force
• A force on an object will cause it to
accelerate.
• This acceleration is directly proportional to
the force.
• This acceleration is inversely proportional
to the mass.
G R E S A
SECOND LAW: Force
• A 63.0-kg sprinter starts a race with an acceleration of 4.20 m/s2.
What is the net external force on him?
• A cleaner pushes a 4.50-kg laundry cart in such a way that the net
external force on it is 60.0 N. Calculate the magnitude of its
acceleration.
• How much horizontal net force is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car

at 2 m/s2?
• A net force of 10 Newtons acts on a box which has a mass of 2 kg.

What will be the acceleration of the box?
1. A 63.0-kg sprinter starts a race with an acceleration of 4.20 m/s2. What is
the net external force on him?
G R E S A
2. A cleaner pushes a 4.50-kg laundry cart in such a way that the net
external force on it is 60.0 N. Calculate the magnitude of its acceleration.
G R E S A
3. How much horizontal net force is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car at
2 m/s2?
G R E S A
4. A net force of 10 Newtons acts on a box which has a mass of 2 kg.
What will be the acceleration of the box?
G R E S A
NEWTON’S THIRD LAW
on and Reaction
THIRD LAW: Action and Reaction
states that for

every action (force)
there is an equal and
opposite reaction.
THIRD LAW: Action and Reaction
• Forces always occur in pairs.

• Action and Reaction are equal in magnitude.
• Action and reaction are opposite in direction.
• Action and reaction act on different bodies.
Balanced and
Unbalanced Forces
Balanced and Unbalanced Forces:
Different Forces
Tension Force: the force
which is transmitted
through a string, rope,
or wire when it is pulled
tight by forces acting at
each end.
Different Forces
Normal Force:
an everyday force that
is felt when a surface
pushes against an
object that is placed on
that surface
Different Forces
Gravitational Force:
pushes against an
that surface
Different Forces
Gravitational Force:
pushes against an
that surface
Different Forces
Friction Force: the force

that acts between surfaces
that are in contact with one
another.
Balanced Forces
Balanced forces are

forces that are equal in
magnitude and in
opposite direction so
there will be no motion
in an object.
Unbalanced Forces
Unbalanced forces forces

that are unequal in
magnitude and in opposite
direction which result in
change in motion.
Summary:
Balanced and Unbalanced

Newton’s Laws of Motion: Forces:
1. Law of Inertia 1. Balanced Force: no
2. Law of Acceleration motion
3. Law of Action and 2. Unbalanced Force:
reaction there is change in
motion
ADVISORY: Week 1 Outputs
1. WRITTEN WORK and PERFORMANCE TASK

ONLY.
2. WRITTEN WORK: GRESA Table
3. PERFORMANCE TASK: Infographic
4. No Learning Tasks.
ADVISORY: Week 2 Outputs
1. Week 2 output to be submitted on Tuesday, next
week.
2. WRITTEN WORK and PERFORMANCE TASK
ONLY.
3. WRITTEN WORK: A drawing or a picture of
examples of Potential and Kinetic Energy found in
your home.
4. PERFORMANCE TASK: Speed of sound tables. (2
tables)

Laws of Motion

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Laws of Motion

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Science 8

Lesson 1: Changes in the motion of

Investigate the relationship between the

• How much horizontal net force is required to accelerate a 1000 kg car

• A net force of 10 Newtons acts on a box which has a mass of 2 kg.

states that for

• Forces always occur in pairs.

Friction Force: the force

Balanced forces are

Unbalanced forces forces

Balanced and Unbalanced

1. WRITTEN WORK and PERFORMANCE TASK

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