Porifera phylum

It discusses basic information regarding a hemichordate animal called Balanoglossus or Acorn worm, which is also a good connecting link between the non-chordates and chordates.

Obelia life cycle- polyp & medusa structure, difference between polyp & medusa ,alternation of generation

The canal system in sponges helps with food acquisition, gas exchange, and waste removal. It is composed of incurrent canals that bring water into the body through openings called ostia. The water then flows into radial canals lined with collar cells that have flagella to capture food particles. These radial canals open into a central cavity called the spongocoel. Water then exits through openings called oscula. There are several types of canal systems that vary in complexity, but all involve water entering through ostia, flowing through flagellated chambers that capture food, and exiting through oscula.

Coelenterata is a phylum of aquatic animals that includes jellyfish, corals, sea anemones and hydroids. They are diploblastic with two main cell layers, a gelatinous mesoglea in between, and stinging nematocysts. They exhibit radial or biradial symmetry and polymorphism. Reproduction can occur asexually through budding or sexually through external fertilization and a planula larva stage. The phylum is divided into three classes: Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, and Anthozoa.

The phylum Cnidaria includes sea jellies, hydra, coral colonies, sea anemones, sea pens, and sea fans. They are characterized by having radial symmetry, two germ layers, a jelly-like mesoglea layer, an acoelomate body cavity, and specialized stinging cells called cnidocytes. Many species have both a sessile polyp stage and a free-swimming medusa stage. Cnidarians play important ecological roles through food sources, habitat, symbiosis, and wave protection.

Metagenesis, or alternation of generations, is shown in the life cycle of Obelia sp. The asexual generation is the colonial Obelia polyp, which reproduces asexually through budding. The sexual generation is the solitary medusa, which develops from reproductive polyps in the Obelia colony. The medusa contains gonads and releases gametes that fertilize to form planula larvae. These larvae settle and develop into new Obelia polyp colonies, completing the life cycle through alternating asexual and sexual generations.

This document provides information about the phylum Porifera (sponges). It discusses their general characteristics such as being multicellular, solitary or colonial, having a canal system for water flow, and having skeletons made of silica spicules or spongin fibers. The phylum contains three classes - Calcarea, Hexactinellida, and Demospongia - which are classified based on their skeletal structures and compositions. Examples of orders and genera within each class are also provided.

The document summarizes key details about the anatomy and feeding process of the lancelet (amphioxus). It notes that lancelets have a wheel organ lined with cilia and vesicles that filters food particles from water entering the mouth. The food and mucus pass through the pharynx and gut, mixing with enzymes and undergoing both extracellular and intracellular digestion primarily in the midgut and hindgut before absorption.

paramecium is a microscopic organism. it is an protozoan that comes under ciliates. they are even visible under naked eyes. Paramecium are unicellular organism they lives in aquatic environment. they are used as live feed for fishes.

Skeletal structures in sponges are spicules and spongin fibers. Spicules are formed of calcium carbonate or silica and take needle-like forms. Spongin fibers are composed of a silk-like scleroprotein. Spicules come in two types - megascleres, which form the framework, and microscleres, which are scattered. Megascleres include monaxons, tetraxons, triaxons, polyaxons and spheres. Spicules develop from mesenchyme cells called scleroblasts. Spongin is an organic, elastic substance similar to collagen that forms the skeletal fibers.

Obelia is a colonial marine cnidarian that exists in both a sessile polyp stage and a free-swimming medusa stage. It has a branching structure made of hydrocaulus and hydrorhiza that support gastrozooids for feeding and gonozooids for asexual reproduction. Gonozooids bud numerous small medusae that detach and transition Obelia to its sexual medusa phase, where it reproduces sexually to complete its life cycle.

Phylum Annelida includes segmented worms such as earthworms, leeches, and polychaete worms. Their bodies are divided into many segments separated by internal walls. They play important ecological roles such as aerating soil, being a food source, and breaking down material. Their bodies have three layers, a coelom body cavity, complete digestive system, and sexual reproduction through cross-fertilization. They also have a closed circulatory system, nervous system, respiratory organs, excretory organs, and can live in soil, water, or as parasites on hosts. The three main classes are Oligochaeta (earthworms), Polychaeta (marine worms), and Hirudinea (lee

This document discusses taxonomic characters which are attributes used to classify organisms based on similarities and differences. It covers the importance of characters in classification, their characteristics, types including morphological, physiological, behavioral, ecological and geographic. It also discusses the role of characters in modern taxonomy, character weighting, and inadmissible characters that are excluded from classification like meaningless, logically correlated, partially correlated and invariant characters.

This document discusses the origin and organization of the coelom. Some key points: - The coelom is a fluid-filled cavity lined by mesoderm that separates the gut from the body wall in most animals. - There are three main types of coelom development: acoelomate (no coelom), pseudocoelomate (non-mesoderm lined coelom), and eucoelomate (true coelom lined by mesoderm). - Eucoelomates are divided into schizocoelomates, where the coelom forms from splitting of mesoderm, and enterocoelomates, where the coelom forms

General characters, fossil history, classification, primitive characters , affinities, systematic position of cephalochordata

Small phylum of the Kingdom protista, consisting of mostly unicellular aquatic algae. Many of these organisms exhibit characteristics similar to both plants and animals. organisms of this phylum are also called Euglenozoa, euglenoids, euglenophytes among others. This is a comprehensive presentation. It will guide you in identifying Euglena.

1. The document provides an overview of the phylum Cnidaria, which includes jellyfish, corals, and hydroids. 2. Cnidarians are radially or biradially symmetrical and have stinging cells called nematocysts. They exhibit a diploblastic body plan with two tissue layers separated by a gelatinous mesoglea. 3. Many cnidarians alternate between a sessile polyp stage and a motile medusa stage. Reproduction involves external fertilization producing a planula larva.

The document describes the internal structure and canal system of sponges. It discusses the key components of the canal system including incurrent canals, radial canals, and choanocytes. It describes the four main types of canal systems: Ascon, Sycon, Leucon, and Rhagon. The Ascon type has a simple structure with incurrent pores leading directly to the spongocoel. The Sycon type features incurrent and radial canals. The Leucon type has further folded chambers. The canal systems serve functions like nutrient acquisition, gas exchange, and waste removal for the sponge.

ppt on Porifera

This document provides information on the phylum Porifera (sponges). It discusses their key characteristics, including being multicellular organisms with cells not organized into tissues. Their bodies have epidermis, mesenchyme, and choanocytes. Sponges come in three basic body forms: asconoid, syconoid, and leuconoid. Their skeletons contain spicules made of silica, calcite or spongin. Specialized cell types perform functions like pinacocytes, choanocytes, amoebocytes and sclerocytes. The document outlines sponge morphology and anatomy in detail across multiple pages.

- Porifera are aquatic animals that live in marine and freshwater environments. They have a simple body plan with pores that allow water flow through a canal system but lack true tissues and organs. - Their cells come in specialized types but can change form, including collar cells that line canals and draw in water and food particles and amoeboid cells that digest and distribute nutrients. - Sponges filter feed but some are predators or parasites. They reproduce asexually through regeneration and buds or sexually with internal fertilization and larval development.

The document provides information about the phylum Porifera or sponges. It discusses that sponges are the simplest multicellular animals lacking tissues. They live in aquatic environments and have pores, canals and chambers for water circulation. Sponges have soft tissues and mineralized skeletons. They reproduce both sexually and asexually. The document classifies sponges into three classes based on their skeleton type and provides examples of representative sponges. It also describes the anatomy, morphology, life cycles, ecology and geological history of sponges.

This document provides information about the biology of sponges. It begins with an overview of phylum Porifera, noting that sponges are the first multicellular organisms and have a filter feeding system of pores and canals. It then describes sponge anatomy, including ostia, oscula, choanocytes, and spicules. The document discusses the ascon type of simple sponge in more detail. It notes features like their tubular shape, pores, cavity, and choanocytes. The document also covers sponge ecology, reproduction, and the parenchymula larva. It concludes with references used.

Sponges are primitive aquatic animals belonging to the phylum Porifera. They come in over 9,000 species and range in size from less than 1 cm to over 1 meter. Sponges have three basic cell types - pinacocytes, mesenchyme cells, and choanocytes. They live in marine environments and have simple structures with no true tissues. Sponges filter feed by drawing water through chambers lined with flagellated choanocytes and trapping particles.

This document summarizes key aspects of the phylum Porifera (sponges). It describes their multicellular origins, body structures, cell types, skeleton formation, water circulation, feeding, reproduction, development, and classification. The four classes of sponges - Hexactinellida, Calcarea, Demospongiae, and Sclerospongiae - are introduced along with examples.

This document summarizes key aspects of the phylum Porifera (sponges). It describes their multicellular origins, body structures, cell types, skeleton formation, water circulation, feeding, reproduction, development, and classification. The four classes of sponges - Hexactinellida, Calcarea, Demospongiae, and Sclerospongiae - are introduced along with examples.

Invertebrates are animals without backbones. They make up 97% of the animal kingdom and can be found in water and other environments. They exhibit various symmetries and belong to phyla like porifera, cnidaria, platyhelminths, and arthropods. Paramecium are single-celled protozoans that move using cilia, feed by ingesting bacteria and algae, and reproduce through binary fission. Sponges are filter-feeding aquatic animals with pores, skeletal elements, and multiple cell types including choanocytes. Cnidarians like jellyfish have stinging cells and a diploblastic structure, with many exhibiting a complex life cycle involving polyps and medusae