Team Quantum - 2022 Technology, Innovation & Great Power Competition
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Technology Innovation and Great Power Competition,TIGPC, Gordian knot Center, DIME-FIL, department of defense, dod, intlpol 340, joe felter, ms&e296, raj shah, stanford, Steve blank, AI, ML, AI/ML, china, Quantum
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Team Quantum - 2022 Technology, Innovation & Great Power Competition
- 1. The Quantum Tech Problem Problem Statement V1 China’s planned government investment in quantum dwarfs that of the U.S. by a factor of 10. Problem Statement V4 The US quantum ecosystem does not generate enough awareness of opportunities to pursue careers in quantum that could catalyze industry growth. 30+ Bethanie Maples Brett Bornhoft Matt Kaplan Reed V. Survey Responses Interviews 235+
- 2. We had a lot of questions… ● What the hell is quantum and what are qubits? ● How many qubits are actually important? ● What can be done today with the current quantum computers? ● Can allies do more? ● What do companies need? ● What do labs need? ● Should we, can we, simulate the centralized approach that China has? ● What other quantum technologies exist? (sensors, communication, etc…) ● How are algorithms different and how will these computers function? Hybrid CPU/QPU?
- 3. Weeks 1 - 3: We searched for answers to these questions Quantum Technologies Quantum Sensors Quantum Computing Quantum Information / Communications ● Encryption Breaking ● Optimization (ML/AI) ● Quantum chemistry ○ Materials ○ Pharma ● Cryptography ● Clock sync ● Networking ● Sensing ● Timing ● Imaging What we learned: quantum has huge implications for science, security, communication, and things we haven’t discovered
- 4. A closer look also revealed that the $ issue is complex *QURECA March 10, 2022 But… The Chinese government invests more in quantum* There are different leaders for different parts of the industry ● The figure on the left also tells us nothing about private investment ● The US and its allies combined almost match Chinese government investment
- 5. Weeks 4-5: We explored joining forces with allies 1. We searched the world for experts in technology alliances and quantum computing partnerships 2. We found those people, and read their documents, and interviewed them. 3. The proposed tech agreements were wide ranching and in our opinion, unlikely to align the quantum industry in the timeline we desired (<5 years). 4. We asked multiple founders and CEOs in the quantum space what would motivate collaboration and allyship. They said a national grand challenge would work.
- 6. Weeks 4-7: But we’re also hearing this is a talent issue “Academic faculties only have a limited number of quantum compute professors with minimal labs” “Not only are we lacking in specific quantum computing expertise, but we also need engineers with cryogenic fluid backgrounds, electronics, etc…., not necessarily needing all Ph.D.’s” “We need not only physicists to work on quantum hardware but computer security folks to work on quantum communications and post-quantum cryptography.” “You don’t need a PhD to work with quantum. There are lots of different things to do in quantum even if you don’t understand quantum mechanics.” We talked to… ● Executives at major quantum companies (Rigetti, Google, QCWare, PsiQuantum, etc.) ● VCs and institutional investors (Founders Fund, Morgan Stanley) ● PhDs and researchers (Stanford, MIT Quanta, GIT) ● Government policy and researchers (White House OSTP, AFRL Information Dir, DOE Brookhaven NL) ● Higher ed admin (Stanford Fin Aid, Stanford Dept. of Physics)
- 7. Week 7: Maybe the market can’t recruit talent But quantum companies pay well… and the industry is growing…exponentially There doesn’t seem to be a market problem, so what’s going on here? Well…what does the talent pipeline think? Source: indeed.com
- 8. Weeks 8-9: We surveyed over 235 STEM students ● How much do students know about quantum technologies, quantum careers? ● What motivates students to choose different problems to work on in school and after graduation? ● How do different institutional approaches to quantum engineering affect student awareness? 80% undergrad 20% graduate > 10 engineering fields (majority from physics, CS, and mechanical engineering) Stanford, MIT, Georgia Tech
- 9. We wanted to see what students care about Students care about impact and salary, and very few are outright opposed to the idea of working in quantum. Quantum offers both impact and good salaries…what’s going on here? 73.7% 17.4% 22.9% 48.7% 47% 28.8% 27.5% 59.7% 9.3% 4.7% If a recruiter called you to invite you to work at their Quantum company, what would convince you to work there (check the top three)? What motivates you regarding your chosen academic track? (Please select your top three) 69.5% 80.5% 6.8% 41.9% 26.7% 24.2% 22%
- 10. What students don’t know can hurt US national security 94.1% of STEM students who took our survey have heard of quantum computing…. but … Are you aware of opportunities to work in the quantum technology industry? Have you considered pursuing an education related to a Quantum Technology?
- 11. Students don’t know what quantum is or how they could participate There is “no money” in quantum, a “lack of opportunities” in the field Quantum companies mainly seek people who study physics and math Quantum is “what Jane Street does” and where math majors “sellout” The quantum industry lacks job security It is unclear “what the work would be”
- 12. Students don’t know what quantum is or how they could participate There is “no money” in quantum, a “lack of opportunities” in the field Quantum companies mainly seek people who study physics and math Quantum is “what Jane Street does” and where math majors “sellout” The quantum industry lacks job security It is unclear “what the work would be” This is a market communication problem
- 13. We propose a Quantum University Technology Initiative Grand Challenges / Competitions ● Sponsored by gov’t and industry ● Marketable events to excite new talent Scholarships / Fellowships ● Targeted funding for all higher education levels with focus on quantum technologies ● Required internships each summer with quantum tech company Marketing / Educational Programming ● Remove the stigma that quantum is “too-hard” ● Focus on educating STEM students on quantum Working with OSTP to: ● Provide memo on workforce development program – NSTC, OSTP want surveys like this ● Expand survey to different schools and analyze different responses
- 14. Questions
Editor's Notes
- We started thinking we needed to find a breakthrough in quantum techno
- *along with Intel, Global Founderies
- Bethanie Technology Alliance between allied nations More lean than existing suggestions - paired down Who to include, what to include, timeframe, funding… Boost workforce pipeline NCO programs PhD endowments Questions: which universities, cost and timeframe, labs to target, types of institute to focus on in order to direct a mandate High School and Undergrad project prizes in STEM, annual, sponsored by local companies Grand Challenge - market-making multi-year buying An annual presidential challenge An annual industry / academic / govt challenge - get all the uni students working on analogous projects These together comprise: diplomatic, educational, and economic solutions Details and budget.
- This needs revisions, but the idea of gathering quotes from related players is a good idea. - let’s attribute these and
- Indeed.com and statista
- 7) Possible next steps for team-let us know if there’s any interest in continuing with the problem post class