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Method :Purple
Advantages: Green
Dis-advantages: Red
Other: Blue
Method: A metal plate is covered with a
waxy material( Drawing surface) which is
resistant to acid. The artist then scratches off
the wax with a pointed etching needle where
he or she wants a line to appear in the
finished piece, (so exposing the bare metal).
High precision
Low Cost Tools
Low Cost Design Changes
Time consuming
Types of etching:
1.Non-plasma based = uses spontaneous
reaction of appropriate reactive gas mixture.
2.Plasma based = uses radio frequency (RF)
power to drive chemical reaction.
(sometimes)Need for
specialized (expensive)
equipment
The linocuts are
tough and sturdy.
Lino has smooth
texture which can
easily be worked on.
Method: The linoleum is then aligned onto the lino
presser slider. Next a paper is also aligned on to the slider
and on top of the lino. A sheet is placed over the slider it
is sealed with the cover. Afterwards, the slider is rolled to
the presser where the handle is pulled to apply the
pressure where printing of lino is enabled.
It is bendy and tough which
enables it to be handled well
and can be cut into it easily.
It is difficult to get into detail
.e.g. faecal expressions.
Mistakes are
irreversible( you would
have to start again).
limited colour application(
not many colours per
picture), hard to clean/ get off
your hands.
After Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse used
the technique to advantage in the 1950s,
many other artists adopted linocut art.

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1. Inkjet printing is a type of computer printing that uses droplets of ink that are propelled from a nozzle onto paper. There are two main technologies, continuous inkjet and drop-on-demand inkjet. 2. Continuous inkjet uses a high-pressure pump to create a continuous stream of ink droplets which are then electrostatically charged and deflected onto the paper. Drop-on-demand inkjet uses either a heating element or piezoelectric crystal to eject droplets only where they are needed. 3. Inkjet printers require mechanisms like printhead caps and cleaning cycles to prevent the nozzles from drying out and clogging. Advances in ink delivery systems include

Printing techniques
Printing techniquesPrinting techniques
Printing techniques

The document discusses various printing techniques including etching, intaglio, linocut, screen printing, woodcut, lithography, letterpress, gravure, photocopying, laser printing, inkjet printing, and desktop publishing. Etching involves using acid to etch a design onto a metal plate. Intaglio techniques such as engraving incise an image onto a surface. Linocut and woodcut similarly cut designs but into linoleum or wood blocks. Screen printing uses a stencil to push ink through a mesh. Photocopying and laser printing use photoconductive drums and charged toner. Inkjet printing shoots jets of ink directly onto paper. Desktop publishing involves layout of documents intended for print.

printingtechniques
The print industry
The print industryThe print industry
The print industry

Etching is a printmaking technique that involves using acid or mordant to cut a design into a metal plate. The artist scratches off a waxy ground to expose parts of the plate to the acid. Screen printing uses a mesh screen with an attached stencil to transfer ink or other materials onto a substrate. Woodcut is a relief print technique where an image is carved into the surface of a wood block, with the printing parts left level and the non-printing parts removed.

Method: Screen printing is a
printing technique that uses a woven
mesh to support an ink-blocking
stencil to receive a desired image.
The attached stencil forms open
areas of mesh that transfer ink or
other printable materials.
Screen printing is also a
stencil method of print
making ( in which a design is
imposed on a screen of
polyester or other fine mesh)
The screen printing
process allows us to print
images and text on a
variety of promotional or
personal items.
Images for screen printing
have to be simple in
design which can be
tricky. (reduced to definite
lines or shapes that will
print well).
Most hand-stencils are very
fragile and break down
faster than emulsion-based
processes.
The stencils can be
reused many times, they
can eventually become
warped and uneven.
In hand screen printing
procedures various colours
can be used effectively.( this
could make them look nicer)
As no heavy/big machines
and related tools are used,
the hand screen printing
requires a smaller amount of
space to install.
Method: Woodcut (occasionally
known as xylography) is a relief
printing artistic technique in
printmaking in which an image is
carved into the surface of a block
of wood, with the printing parts
remaining level with the surface
while the non-printing parts are
removed, usually with gouges. Good quality final image.
Shows that it has taken a lot
of hard work and
perseverance to get right.
Can be very time consuming.
Wastes a lot of material if
the design goes wrong.
If you are writing and
make a spelling mistake
there is no going back
and you will have to start
again.
If you can create
amazing art with the
woodcut technique you
could become sort after
because it is a dying
trade.
Method: Lithography is a
method of printing, originally
based on the principle that oil
and water do not mix.
Printing is from a stone
(limestone) or a metal plate
with a smooth surface.
Lithography requires less
effort than some other
printing processes such as
engraving.
Lithography is also a process
that is used to create posters
from an original artwork.
(lithographic reproduction).
These reproductions are less
expensive than an original
drawing or painting by an
artist and a larger audience
can buy and enjoy them.
Using
lithography,
many prints
can be made
from the
same
drawing.
The length of time is
another disadvantage (it
can be up to 40 hours just
for the drawing time).
The amounts of
lithographic prints
are limited.
The supplies are complex
and highly specialized; even
with the use of modern
machines, the process is
expensive.
The print industry

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gravureprinting inksinkjet
Print
PrintPrint
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This document provides an overview of various printmaking techniques including etching, linocut, screen printing, woodcut, lithography, mechanical printing, letterpress printing, gravure, digital printing, photocopying, laser printing, inkjet printing, and desktop publishing. It describes the basic processes of each technique such as how etchings are made using acid to cut into metal plates and how linocuts involve cutting designs into linoleum. The document also explains differences between techniques like how screen printing uses mesh screens to apply ink versus relief printing which involves carving or etching images.

Modern printing technologies
Modern printing technologiesModern printing technologies
Modern printing technologies

This document provides an introduction to modern printing technologies. It begins with an overview of major printing processes like relief, intaglio, offset and screen printing. It then discusses specific processes in more detail and provides illustrations. The document outlines flexography and gravure printing presses. It also discusses digital printing technologies like inkjet printing and their applications to textile printing. The document aims to inform students taking a course on modern printing technologies.

Method : A worker composes and locks
movable type (usually individual letters or
punctuation) into the bed of a press, inks it,
and presses paper against it to transfer the
ink from the type which creates an
impression on the paper.
Letter printing can be very
slow and time consuming.
The first colours have to dry
before you can add more
onto each design.
Photographs and drawings must
be converted to engravings.
Letter pressing is straight
forward because they mainly
use just ink, paper and a
photopolymer plate.
It gives high quality hand
made products .
You can use letterpress
printing with virtually any
type of paper.
Later metal presses used a knuckle and
lever arrangement instead of the screw,
but the principle was the same . This of
made inking faster.
Method: Rotogravure (Gravure for
short) is a type of intaglio printing
process, which involves engraving
the image onto an image carrier In
gravure printing, the image is
engraved onto a cylinder.
it can take a long time to
engrave gravure cylinders.
High photographic quality.
Bright colours
can be used
Good, clear appearance.
High cost of materials .
Large machines
are needed.
Method cell size cell depth
Conventional uniform variable
"Two positive"
or "Lateral hard
dot"
variable variable
Direct transfer variable uniform
Method: Screen printing is a printing
technique that uses a woven mesh to
support an ink-blocking stencil to receive a
the image you want.
Images for screen printing have to be simple
in design and reduced to definite lines or
shape.( nothing complex)
Frames will eventually become
warped and uneven.
Most hand-stencils are very fragile
and break down quite fast.
Multi-colour Design Can be
Printed .
Less Floor Space Is Required: As no heavier
and bigger machines and related tools are
used in hand screen printing.
Suitable For Small Scale Production.
screen printing is used in many different
industries, including:
Balloons
Clothing
Decals
Medical devices
Snowboard graphics
The print industry

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Hand print industryHand print industry
Hand print industry

The document discusses various printmaking methods including etching, screen printing, lithography, linocut, letterpress, woodcut, screen process, gravure, photocopying, laser printing, inkjet printing, and desktop publishing. For each method, it provides details on the process and notes advantages and disadvantages. Screen printing allows many prints to be created before reapplying ink but images must be simple. Lithography is fast and cheap but cannot produce high quality prints. Desktop publishing uses computers and software to combine text and artwork for print or web.

Techniques and technologies used in print production
Techniques and technologies used in print productionTechniques and technologies used in print production
Techniques and technologies used in print production

The document discusses various print production techniques categorized as hand, mechanical, and digital. Hand techniques include etching, linocut, and woodcut which provide high quality outcomes but are time consuming. Mechanical techniques like letterpress and gravure provide high quality outputs but letterpress is straightforward while gravure is expensive. Digital techniques like photocopying, laser printing, and inkjet printing have advantages of speed and cost but can be prone to errors or require special materials. Desktop publishing allows for good quality outcomes using computers but has a learning curve.

Print industry
Print industryPrint industry
Print industry

The document discusses various printmaking techniques including etching, linocut, screen printing, woodcut, lithography, letterpress, gravure, screen process, photocopying, laser printing, inkjet printing, and desktop publishing. For each technique it provides details on the method, advantages, and disadvantages. Examples of each technique are also listed at the end.

The term photocopying is used to
refer to the act of making a
photographic copy of a document.
Step 1. Charging
Step 2. Exposure
Step 3 . Development
Step 4. Transfer
Step 5. Separation (detack)
Step 6. Fixing(fusing)
Step 7. Cleaning Laser printers used to be inaccessible to the
home user because of their price( the piece
has dropped slightly)
Printing cartridges are quite expensive for a
photocopying machine( also you would
need a toner cartridge).
Photocopiers can be quite quick
depending on the amount of colour in
the picture.
Some photocopiers can be very
bulky and cannot be kept in a
home.
You can reproduce a document as many
times as you wish with ease.
Photocopiers are same and
photocopying can be left alone.
Method: Laser printing is an electrostatic
digital-printing process that rapidly
produces high quality text and graphics by
passing a laser beam over a charged drum to
define a image.
Printing is quite fast.( depending
on how much you are printing)
You can have a laser printer at home.
Laser printers can print on their own
without needing to be watched.
laser printers use a large
amount of electricity to be run.
Laser printers cannot perform duplicate
printing functions and is a more costly unit
overall.
Laser printers are very delicate.
According to a recent study conducted in
Queensland, Australia, some printers emit sub-
micrometer particles which some suspect may be
associated with respiratory diseases.
Method: Inkjet printing is a type of
computer-printing that creates a digital
image by propelling droplets of ink onto
paper, plastic, or other materials.
They can print finer, smoother
details onto a material.
Inkjets have practically no
warm up time.
Lower cost per page.
Inkjet printers need frequent refilling.
Can be more fragile than
other printers.
Ink jet printers jets often clog
when changing cartridges,
causing a waste of ink.
There are two main design
philosophies in inkjet head
design: fixed-head and
disposable head.
Method: Desktop publishing combines a
personal computer (WYSIWYG page)
layout software to create publication
documents on a computer for either
large scale publishing or small scale
local multifunction peripheral output
and distribution.
Publish easily and at no cost.
Good for new or small
businesses to use.
There is more control over the
layout on the publication.
There is a reduction in creativity.
There is a reduction in
creativity if you don’t know
how to use publisher properly.
Perfectionism can be a problem
because not everything you may
want to do could be an option on
the application.
Desktop publishers are often used to
produce newspapers, magazines,
newsletters and leaflets.

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Hand printingHand printing
Hand printing

The document describes different printing techniques including hand printing, etching, linocut, screen printing, woodcut printing, lithography printing, mechanical printing, letterpress, gravure, screen process, digital printing, photocopying, and laser printing. It provides a brief overview of each technique, noting aspects like quality, speed, materials used, and ease of use. Printing methods range from traditional techniques like woodcut that carve designs into blocks of wood, to modern digital and photocopying methods that allow for fast, inexpensive reproduction of documents.

Print lo1
Print lo1Print lo1
Print lo1

The document provides information on various print production methods including hand printing (etching, linocut), mechanical printing (letterpress, rotogravure), and digital printing (photocopying, laser printing). For each method, it describes the inventor/origin, materials needed, process, example images, costs, and current uses. The document also provides comparisons of the different methods and recommends the best method for various print job scenarios based on factors like quality, quantity, budget, speed, and skill level required.

Understand print based media production techniques and technology
Understand print based media production techniques and technologyUnderstand print based media production techniques and technology
Understand print based media production techniques and technology

The document discusses several print-based media production techniques, including hand etching, linocut, screen printing, lithography, letterpress, digital photography/printing, laser printing, inkjet printing, and photocopying. Hand etching and linocut involve manually cutting designs into materials like marble or linoleum and can produce artistic works but are time-consuming. Screen printing uses a woven mesh to transfer ink in a stencil pattern onto substrates. Lithography applies images to stone and transfers them to paper using wax or oil. Letterpress employs movable type to make uniform copies quickly. Modern digital methods like inkjet and laser printing deposit ink digitally and are faster with less waste than older techniques.

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The print industry

  • 3. Method: A metal plate is covered with a waxy material( Drawing surface) which is resistant to acid. The artist then scratches off the wax with a pointed etching needle where he or she wants a line to appear in the finished piece, (so exposing the bare metal). High precision Low Cost Tools Low Cost Design Changes Time consuming Types of etching: 1.Non-plasma based = uses spontaneous reaction of appropriate reactive gas mixture. 2.Plasma based = uses radio frequency (RF) power to drive chemical reaction. (sometimes)Need for specialized (expensive) equipment
  • 4. The linocuts are tough and sturdy. Lino has smooth texture which can easily be worked on. Method: The linoleum is then aligned onto the lino presser slider. Next a paper is also aligned on to the slider and on top of the lino. A sheet is placed over the slider it is sealed with the cover. Afterwards, the slider is rolled to the presser where the handle is pulled to apply the pressure where printing of lino is enabled. It is bendy and tough which enables it to be handled well and can be cut into it easily. It is difficult to get into detail .e.g. faecal expressions. Mistakes are irreversible( you would have to start again). limited colour application( not many colours per picture), hard to clean/ get off your hands. After Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse used the technique to advantage in the 1950s, many other artists adopted linocut art.
  • 5. Method: Screen printing is a printing technique that uses a woven mesh to support an ink-blocking stencil to receive a desired image. The attached stencil forms open areas of mesh that transfer ink or other printable materials. Screen printing is also a stencil method of print making ( in which a design is imposed on a screen of polyester or other fine mesh) The screen printing process allows us to print images and text on a variety of promotional or personal items. Images for screen printing have to be simple in design which can be tricky. (reduced to definite lines or shapes that will print well). Most hand-stencils are very fragile and break down faster than emulsion-based processes. The stencils can be reused many times, they can eventually become warped and uneven. In hand screen printing procedures various colours can be used effectively.( this could make them look nicer) As no heavy/big machines and related tools are used, the hand screen printing requires a smaller amount of space to install.
  • 6. Method: Woodcut (occasionally known as xylography) is a relief printing artistic technique in printmaking in which an image is carved into the surface of a block of wood, with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed, usually with gouges. Good quality final image. Shows that it has taken a lot of hard work and perseverance to get right. Can be very time consuming. Wastes a lot of material if the design goes wrong. If you are writing and make a spelling mistake there is no going back and you will have to start again. If you can create amazing art with the woodcut technique you could become sort after because it is a dying trade.
  • 7. Method: Lithography is a method of printing, originally based on the principle that oil and water do not mix. Printing is from a stone (limestone) or a metal plate with a smooth surface. Lithography requires less effort than some other printing processes such as engraving. Lithography is also a process that is used to create posters from an original artwork. (lithographic reproduction). These reproductions are less expensive than an original drawing or painting by an artist and a larger audience can buy and enjoy them. Using lithography, many prints can be made from the same drawing. The length of time is another disadvantage (it can be up to 40 hours just for the drawing time). The amounts of lithographic prints are limited. The supplies are complex and highly specialized; even with the use of modern machines, the process is expensive.
  • 9. Method : A worker composes and locks movable type (usually individual letters or punctuation) into the bed of a press, inks it, and presses paper against it to transfer the ink from the type which creates an impression on the paper. Letter printing can be very slow and time consuming. The first colours have to dry before you can add more onto each design. Photographs and drawings must be converted to engravings. Letter pressing is straight forward because they mainly use just ink, paper and a photopolymer plate. It gives high quality hand made products . You can use letterpress printing with virtually any type of paper. Later metal presses used a knuckle and lever arrangement instead of the screw, but the principle was the same . This of made inking faster.
  • 10. Method: Rotogravure (Gravure for short) is a type of intaglio printing process, which involves engraving the image onto an image carrier In gravure printing, the image is engraved onto a cylinder. it can take a long time to engrave gravure cylinders. High photographic quality. Bright colours can be used Good, clear appearance. High cost of materials . Large machines are needed. Method cell size cell depth Conventional uniform variable "Two positive" or "Lateral hard dot" variable variable Direct transfer variable uniform
  • 11. Method: Screen printing is a printing technique that uses a woven mesh to support an ink-blocking stencil to receive a the image you want. Images for screen printing have to be simple in design and reduced to definite lines or shape.( nothing complex) Frames will eventually become warped and uneven. Most hand-stencils are very fragile and break down quite fast. Multi-colour Design Can be Printed . Less Floor Space Is Required: As no heavier and bigger machines and related tools are used in hand screen printing. Suitable For Small Scale Production. screen printing is used in many different industries, including: Balloons Clothing Decals Medical devices Snowboard graphics
  • 13. The term photocopying is used to refer to the act of making a photographic copy of a document. Step 1. Charging Step 2. Exposure Step 3 . Development Step 4. Transfer Step 5. Separation (detack) Step 6. Fixing(fusing) Step 7. Cleaning Laser printers used to be inaccessible to the home user because of their price( the piece has dropped slightly) Printing cartridges are quite expensive for a photocopying machine( also you would need a toner cartridge). Photocopiers can be quite quick depending on the amount of colour in the picture. Some photocopiers can be very bulky and cannot be kept in a home. You can reproduce a document as many times as you wish with ease. Photocopiers are same and photocopying can be left alone.
  • 14. Method: Laser printing is an electrostatic digital-printing process that rapidly produces high quality text and graphics by passing a laser beam over a charged drum to define a image. Printing is quite fast.( depending on how much you are printing) You can have a laser printer at home. Laser printers can print on their own without needing to be watched. laser printers use a large amount of electricity to be run. Laser printers cannot perform duplicate printing functions and is a more costly unit overall. Laser printers are very delicate. According to a recent study conducted in Queensland, Australia, some printers emit sub- micrometer particles which some suspect may be associated with respiratory diseases.
  • 15. Method: Inkjet printing is a type of computer-printing that creates a digital image by propelling droplets of ink onto paper, plastic, or other materials. They can print finer, smoother details onto a material. Inkjets have practically no warm up time. Lower cost per page. Inkjet printers need frequent refilling. Can be more fragile than other printers. Ink jet printers jets often clog when changing cartridges, causing a waste of ink. There are two main design philosophies in inkjet head design: fixed-head and disposable head.
  • 16. Method: Desktop publishing combines a personal computer (WYSIWYG page) layout software to create publication documents on a computer for either large scale publishing or small scale local multifunction peripheral output and distribution. Publish easily and at no cost. Good for new or small businesses to use. There is more control over the layout on the publication. There is a reduction in creativity. There is a reduction in creativity if you don’t know how to use publisher properly. Perfectionism can be a problem because not everything you may want to do could be an option on the application. Desktop publishers are often used to produce newspapers, magazines, newsletters and leaflets.