- Jakarta, Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta, Indonesia
Ahmad Sofian
BINUS University, Business Law, Faculty Member
- Ahmad Sofian, is a senior lecturer in the Business Law Department, BINUS University. Doctor is in field of criminal l... moreAhmad Sofian, is a senior lecturer in the Business Law Department, BINUS University. Doctor is in field of criminal law, at the Faculty of Law, University of Indonesia (2016). Some of the non-formal education and courses : (1) Course of Advocacy and Policy (Melbourne University, 2001), Internship on Causation in Criminal Law (Maastricht University, Netherlands, 2014) and (3)Training on Sexual Crime and Exploitation of Children (ECPAT International and ECPAT France, 2014). He also does a lot of research and publications in accordance with his area of expertise in the fields of criminology, child sexual crimes, human rights and corporate crimes. Currently listed as the Indonesian Criminal and Criminology Law Board (MAHUPIKI), and Indonesian Legal Philosophy Association (AFHI), expert member of Global Initiative Against Transnational Organization Crimeedit
Penggunaan mata uang selain rupiah sebagai alat tukar yang alat pembayaran telah dipergunakan sebelum Indonesia dijajah bangsa asing. Ketika Indonesia merdeka, ada beragam mata uang yang berlaku, karena tidak serta merta pemerintah... more
Penggunaan mata uang selain rupiah sebagai alat tukar yang alat pembayaran telah dipergunakan sebelum Indonesia dijajah bangsa asing. Ketika Indonesia merdeka, ada beragam mata uang yang berlaku, karena tidak serta merta pemerintah memiliki mata uang khusus, karena mata uang Belanda dan Mata uang Jepang masih berlaku. Baru kemudian pada Oktober 1946 diterbitkanlah ORI (Oeang Republik Indonesia) yang selanjutnya ditetapkan sebagai mata uang Rupiah (Rp). Di tahun yang sama juga diterbitkannya Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1946 Peraturan Hukum Pidana. Pada Pasal 9-13 undang-undang tersebut memberikan ancaman pidana bagi pengguna mata uang selain rupiah atau yang mirip rupiah. Meskipun telah ada undang-undang ini, pada tahun 2011, disahkan Undang-Undang No. 7 tahun 2011, undang-undang ini memberikan ancaman pidana penggunaan mata uang selain mata uang rupiah. Dalam perkembangannya bentuk uang tidak terbatas pada uang fisik, karena saat ini ada uang virtual atau uang kripto, yang ketentuan...
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Indonesian criminal law addresses treason in its Penal Code. Since the ruling regime frequently uses the Penal Code articles to criminalize political opponents or members of opposition groups, the articles are interpreted broadly by both... more
Indonesian criminal law addresses treason in its Penal Code. Since the ruling regime frequently uses the Penal Code articles to criminalize political opponents or members of opposition groups, the articles are interpreted broadly by both prosecutors and courts. This research discusses the construction of Indonesian criminal law related to the definition and interpretation of treason used by the courts. A normative juridical approach was applied. It was found that Indonesian criminal law does not provide any clear definition of treason. Consequently, the courts rely on criminal law experts’ opinions. Some criminal law experts interpret treason as an incomplete attempt, while others interpret it as assault. Meanwhile, the courts interpret treason as any act intended to take the life of the president or vice president, undermine the government, or separate part of the Indonesian territory from the Republic of Indonesia, including conspiracy to commit one of these offenses. Since the courts do not put any limitation on the quality of the act, treason has been broadly interpreted and may even potentially include carrying the flag of a separatist group. In the future, the Penal Code needs to clarify the definition of treason so that it will not be interpreted too broadly. Keywords: Assault, Attempt, Crime Against State, Indonesian Penal Code, Treason.
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Sexual exploitation of children is a crime that makes children not only as sex objects as well as commercial objects. This terminology comes from an international criminal law instrument, Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC).... more
Sexual exploitation of children is a crime that makes children not only as sex objects as well as commercial objects. This terminology comes from an international criminal law instrument, Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children (CSEC). In the national context, this terminology has not been mentioned in national criminal law, even academic studies on this issue have not been widely practiced. In addition, the crime of child sexual exploitation has not been regulated in a special article. The terminology found is only about child sexual violence, whose meaning is different from child sexual exploitation. Indonesia has ratified the Optional Protocol on Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OPSC), it is important to harmonize national laws related to the crime of child sexual exploitation. This research is normative law research, with approach of legislation. This study found that post-ratification of OPSC through Law no. 10 Year 2012, no steps have been taken t...
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Penelitian ini mengungkapkan tentang implementasi Protokol Tambahan tentang Penjualan, Prostitusi dan Pornografi Anak yang sudah diratifikasi oleh Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Undang-Undang No. 10 Tahun 2012. Protokol Tambahan ini... more
Penelitian ini mengungkapkan tentang implementasi Protokol Tambahan tentang Penjualan, Prostitusi dan Pornografi Anak yang sudah diratifikasi oleh Pemerintah Indonesia melalui Undang-Undang No. 10 Tahun 2012. Protokol Tambahan ini menjadi penting karena merupakan instrument internasional dalam memberantas bentuk-bentuk eksploitasi seksual anak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendalami sejauh mana implementasi protokol tambahan dan apa yang sudah dicapai dan kendala-kendala yang dihadapi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan melakukan studi dokumen, wawancara mendalam dan focus group discussion . Penelitian menemukan bahwa pemerintah Indonesia masih belum sungguh-sungguh melaksanakan protokol tambahan ini karena dianggap masih belum prioritas. Masalah penjualan anak, prositusi anak dan pornografi anak masih marak, sehingga anak yang menjadi korban terus bertambah. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar protokol tambahan ini dilaksanakan dengan sungguh-sungguh ...
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Children’s Online Privacy Protection is a form of protection for all information attached to a child such as: a name, address, photo, video, and other related information pointing to the children. In Indonesia, the regulation of a child’s... more
Children’s Online Privacy Protection is a form of protection for all information attached to a child such as: a name, address, photo, video, and other related information pointing to the children. In Indonesia, the regulation of a child’s personal data does not create adequate protection. In reality, many children’s personal data are spread on social media and other various platforms that children access and as a result, the child’s personal data can be accessed and used for marketing purposes and/or other exploitation. As a legal subject, a child cannot protect themselves not only from various purposes of online business models designed by online platforms, but also from other people that may have bad intentions. In a global context, standardization becomes a necessity as both a measuring instrument and guidance for other countries to follow. The problem is, some of the measurements need to be adjusted with national law to comply with the set of local standards. Some of the first c...
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Perlindungan Data Pribadi Anak Online ( Children’s Online Privacy Protection ) merupakan informasi yang melekat pada diri anak berupa nama, alamat, photo, video, dan informasi lainnya tentang diri seorang anak, termasuk fikirannya yang... more
Perlindungan Data Pribadi Anak Online ( Children’s Online Privacy Protection ) merupakan informasi yang melekat pada diri anak berupa nama, alamat, photo, video, dan informasi lainnya tentang diri seorang anak, termasuk fikirannya yang dituangkan dalam kata-kata atau gambar, suara, dan sebagainya. Data pribadi anak menyebar secara online di media sosial dalam berbagai platform , sehingga siapapun dapat melihat, mengakses, bahkan mengambil, mendistribusikan data tersebut tanpa ada jaminan perlindungan hukum yang memadai. Masalah penelitian: bagaimana ruang lingkup perlindungan data pribadi anak secara online ? Bagaimana hukum positif Indonesia mengatur data pribadi anak dalam rangka mencegah pelanggaran hak anak ? Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normative yaitu mengumpulkan dan menganalisa bahan-bahan hukum primer. Pendekatan komparatif dengan regulasi di Amerika, Inggris dan Uni Eropa dilakukan. Penelitian menemukan bahwa perlindungan data privasi anak di Ind...
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This research is aimed to comprehend: socio-economic characteristic of families, perpetrators and victims of child on child sexual abuse; determinant factors that influence children to do child on child sexual abuse; efforts conducted by... more
This research is aimed to comprehend: socio-economic characteristic of families, perpetrators and victims of child on child sexual abuse; determinant factors that influence children to do child on child sexual abuse; efforts conducted by Social Home Marsudi Putra (which was the institution that handled children deliquency or so-called PSMP) and ChildProtection Institution (LPA) in handling child on child sexual abuse; and to formulate a model of social protection for children who do child on child sexual abuse. The research subjects were 49 children as doers of child on child sexual abuse who were handled by Handayani PSMP, Jakarta, Antasena PSMP, Magelang, Paramita PSMP, Mataram, Todupoli PSMP, Maka ssar and LPA, Yogyakarta. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires, by conducting guided interviews, by carrying out documents study and focus group discussion. Quantitative data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and qualitative data by that of descriptive interpre...
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Children's privacy and data protection is essential in maintaining and fulfilling legal obligations in protecting children's privacy. During judicial proceedings, the child is appointed as a defendant, witness or victim... more
Children's privacy and data protection is essential in maintaining and fulfilling legal obligations in protecting children's privacy. During judicial proceedings, the child is appointed as a defendant, witness or victim and legally the trial is declared closed to the public in order to protect the child's privacy. Since the trial is declared closed to the public, the identity of the child cannot be published, including when the verdict is declared. In Indonesia, problems arise when an excerpt of a verdict from a case related to children is published and displayed on the Supreme Court website demonstrating inconsistencies in protecting the child's privacy in the legal process. In some cases, it has been found that the court verdict displays the child's identity completely or partially. Even where there are verdicts that do not display the child's identity, information regarding the criminal cases may be clearly exposed in the verdict making it possible to find out personal information about the children as well. As such, through an analysis of secondary data and a review of the legal framework, this paper presents the protection of children's privacy data in judicial decisions as currently found in Indonesia, and its implications for children. It concludes by identifying how legal norms should rule the protection of children's privacy data in judicial decisions.
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Online Child Sexual Exploitation (OCSE) is a form of crime against children that can be reviewed from various perspectives such as criminal law, criminology and culture. This offence is governed in several international legal instruments... more
Online Child Sexual Exploitation (OCSE) is a form of crime against children that can be reviewed from various perspectives such as criminal law, criminology and culture. This offence is governed in several international legal instruments because perpetrators and victims are often located in different territories or have different nationalities. The Optional Protocol on Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (OPSC) is one that provides a reference in combating this crime, but this instrument has the disadvantage of not providing specific guidance in overcoming sexual crimes of children who are in the online sphere. OPSC focuses more on child pornography, whereas OCSE has evolved rapidly enough to give birth to new forms of crime that are not just child pornography. Another weakness can be found in national laws, due to the lack, or limited, response to address the issue. Therefore, a cultural approach is important to prevent and tackle this problem. This paper is ...
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Children workers are complex problems. On one side, they must work because of poverty, and on another side, they mostly do not get government's protection. Case of Jermal children workers along east sea shore of North Sumatra shows... more
Children workers are complex problems. On one side, they must work because of poverty, and on another side, they mostly do not get government's protection. Case of Jermal children workers along east sea shore of North Sumatra shows that they are susceptible to exploitation. Some risks they have to face are: high risk of weather and wave of the sea, cruel treatment, forced labour, unguaranteed job s avety and threat of death. The writer of this matter indicates that at least there are three kinds of violations, namely 1) that of human rights,2) that of labour law and 3) that of creation of broken society against social system.
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The doctrine of novus actus interveniens used in causation to establish the liability of the principle offender for a prohibited result. The doctrine can be used in various legal fields in both civil and criminal law. The aim of this... more
The doctrine of novus actus interveniens used in causation to establish the liability of the principle offender for a prohibited result. The doctrine can be used in various legal fields in both civil and criminal law. The aim of this study was finding the kind of intervention that conducted by another actor, a victim or a medical worker, a non-human agent such as an animal or nature, could influenced the judge’s decisions in determining the defendant in accordance with novus actus interveniens doctrine. The method used was the normative method. The normative method in the study of jurisprudence was a method used to study secondary data sources on some legal documents. These secondary data sources were composed of some legal materials, namely primary legal materials consisting of the KUHP (the Indonesia Penal Code) and court decisions that have permanent legal force. This study finds that the doctrine of novus actus interveniens unfortunately is not commonly used by judges, prosecuto...
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Ajaran kausalitas dipergunakan untuk mengetahui perbuatan yang menjadi penyebab, sehingga dapat diketahui apakah di pembuat dapat dipertanggungjawabkan di dalam hukum atau tidak. Dalam kasus Cebongan, ada 4 orang yang meninggal di... more
Ajaran kausalitas dipergunakan untuk mengetahui perbuatan yang menjadi penyebab, sehingga dapat diketahui apakah di pembuat dapat dipertanggungjawabkan di dalam hukum atau tidak. Dalam kasus Cebongan, ada 4 orang yang meninggal di penjarang Sleman Yogyakarta, dalam peristiwanya matinya empat orang tahanan ini, apakah perbuatan yang menyebabkan matinya mereka ? Tulisan ini menganalis masalah ini.
The province of North Sumatra is facing a crucial problem in child trafficking for prostitution. The responses to overcome this problem is insignificant while the case of child trafficking has grown rapidly lately. Many parties gain... more
The province of North Sumatra is facing a crucial problem in child trafficking for prostitution. The responses to overcome this problem is insignificant while the case of child trafficking has grown rapidly lately. Many parties gain benefit from this illegal business, on the contrast the children lost their future as becoming the victims of this problem. This study aims to understand the perception and responses to overcome this problem in the future. The result shows that child trafficking for prostitution is still considered a new phenomenon. It is not surprising that the actions taken by the government is still very general, such as policies and program for prostitution in general while the victims are under aged children. There is no specific policies aimed to child trafficking. At the end, this study recommends the importance of intensive and comprehensive coordination of all relevantr institution in solving the crucial problem.
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Buku ini berupa modul pelatihan tentang kejahatan korporasi, di dalamnya ada 4 modul yang berisi : (1) tindak pidana korporasi (2) kesalahan korporasi (3) pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi (4) pidana korporasi. Buku ini juga mengulas... more
Buku ini berupa modul pelatihan tentang kejahatan korporasi, di dalamnya ada 4 modul yang berisi : (1) tindak pidana korporasi (2) kesalahan korporasi (3) pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi (4) pidana korporasi. Buku ini juga mengulas berbagai contoh kasus-kasus yang telah diputusan Oleh pengadilan tentang kejahatan korporasi...
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Theory of causation in criminal law is used to establish a criminal responsibility for crimes causing a prohibited consequence. It means that a new crime can be held criminally responsible if there is a consequence of the crime. In civil... more
Theory of causation in criminal law is used to establish a criminal responsibility for crimes causing a prohibited consequence. It means that a new crime can be held criminally responsible if there is a consequence of the crime. In civil law, an act causing a prohibited consequence is often called material crimes while in the common law it is often called result crimes. Some crimes that are categorized as material crimes or result crimes include murder, assault, arson and destruction. However, since the theory is very important, it is difficult for judges to find a truth in cases with a series of long and complicated causes. Different ways are used to establish a cause in the two legal systems so that when a same Pengembangan Epistemologi Ilmu Hukum 319 ISBN 978-602-72446-0-3 case is examined by using the two different legal systems, the result of the criminal responsibility also will be different. This article will deeply discuss how causation is used in a criminal act in the two d...
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Negara berkewajiban menjamin setiap orang mendapat akses keadilan. Sebagai profesi terhormat ( officium nobile ), advokat mengemban tugas dan tanggung jawab mewujudkan prinsip negara hukum. Bantuan hukum secara cuma-cuma merupakan suatu... more
Negara berkewajiban menjamin setiap orang mendapat akses keadilan. Sebagai profesi terhormat ( officium nobile ), advokat mengemban tugas dan tanggung jawab mewujudkan prinsip negara hukum. Bantuan hukum secara cuma-cuma merupakan suatu kewajiban setiap advokat sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh UU Advokat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif dan bersifat deskriptif analitis. Peneliti menggunakan data kepustakaan untuk mengolah data. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah pelaksanaan bantuan hukum pro bono oleh advokat dan organisasi advokat di Indonesia. Meskipun organisasi advokat, dalam hal ini Perhimpunan Advokat Indonesia (PERADI) membentuk unit kerja khusus untuk melaksanakan fungsi pemberian bantuan hukum secara cuma-cuma (pro bono), Pusat Bantuan Hukum di berbagai daerah di Indonesia, namun ditemukan bahwa pengawasan dan evaluasi terhadap program tersebut masih sangat minim dan terbatas. Sebagai penelitian awal terkait topik ini, Peneliti merekomendasikan penelitian l...
Law Number 18 Year 2013 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Forest Destruction (Law 18/2013) specifically regulates crimes committed by organized individuals and corporations. The definition of being organized is clearly... more
Law Number 18 Year 2013 concerning the Prevention and Eradication of Forest Destruction (Law 18/2013) specifically regulates crimes committed by organized individuals and corporations. The definition of being organized is clearly regulated in Law 18/2013. However, it is still inaccurate. Thus, this research analyzes the interpretation of criminal legal subjects regulated in the criminal provisions of Law 18/2013 and in Court Decision Number 11/Pid.Sus/2018/PN Wns. By using the normative legal research method, with legislation and case approach, it can be concluded that the legal subject intended by Law 18/2013 is an organized individual and corporation.