Ottmar V Lipp
Curtin University, School of Psychology and Speech pathology, Faculty Member
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- After completing my PhD at the University of Giessen, Germany, I joined the School of Psychology, University of Queen... moreAfter completing my PhD at the University of Giessen, Germany, I joined the School of Psychology, University of Queensland as a post-doctoral researcher and member of the academic staff. I was awarded an ARC Australian Professorial Fellowship in 2007 and a UQ Vice Chancellor’s Research Fellowship in 2012. In 2014, I joined Curtin University as a Research Professor in the School of Psychology. My teaching covers courses in Human Associative Learning, Psychophysiology, and Behavioural Neuroscience. My research, both basic and applied, is concerned with emotion, attention and their interaction. In particular, it is concerned with the processes involved in the acquisition of likes and dislikes and with the manner in which emotionally salient events are processed.edit
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Contains: - Experimental code - Data sorting, preprocessing, and analysis scripts - Condensed EEG data and all behavioural data Full EEG data with original .bdf files uploaded seperately.
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Experiment 1 Raw EEG Data
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The facilitation of reaction time, force, and vigor of a ballistic action by loud acoustic stimuli can be enhanced by the maintenance of a sustained contraction during preparation. This enhanced facilitation is observed when the sustained... more
The facilitation of reaction time, force, and vigor of a ballistic action by loud acoustic stimuli can be enhanced by the maintenance of a sustained contraction during preparation. This enhanced facilitation is observed when the sustained contraction is maintained with low force contralaterally and congruently with the ballistic response. This increased facilitation may be particularly applicable to rehabilitative applications of loud acoustic stimuli in improving the functional recovery of movement after neurological conditions such as stroke.
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Complete collection of raw and condensed data
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Experiment 2 Raw EEG Data
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Blink startle is said to be inhibited at short lead intervals; an effect that decreases with increasing lead interval. Experiment 1 assessed startle modulation in a modified spatial cueing task with directional or neutral cues.... more
Blink startle is said to be inhibited at short lead intervals; an effect that decreases with increasing lead interval. Experiment 1 assessed startle modulation in a modified spatial cueing task with directional or neutral cues. Directional cues were valid on 80% of the ...
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Emotion counter‐regulation has been suggested as the core cognitive mechanism of automatic emotion regulation. Emotion counter‐regulation not only induces an unintentional transfer of attention from the current emotional state to stimuli... more
Emotion counter‐regulation has been suggested as the core cognitive mechanism of automatic emotion regulation. Emotion counter‐regulation not only induces an unintentional transfer of attention from the current emotional state to stimuli with the opposite valence but also prompts approach to stimuli of the opposite valence and increases response inhibition to stimuli of the same valence. Working memory (WM) updating has been shown to be related to attention selection and response inhibition. However, it remains unclear whether emotion counter‐regulation would affect WM updating with emotional stimuli. In the present study, 48 participants were recruited and randomly assigned to the angry‐priming group that watched highly arousing angry video clips, or the control group that watched neutral video clips. Then participants performed a two‐back face identity matching task with happy and angry face pictures. Behavioral results showed higher accuracy for identity recognition of happy than of angry faces. The event‐related potential (ERP) results revealed smaller P2 to angry faces than to happy faces in the control group. In the angry‐priming group, there was no difference in P2 amplitude between angry and happy trials. Between groups, P2 to angry faces was larger in the priming group than in the control group. Late positive potential (LPP) was smaller for happy faces than for angry faces in the priming group, but not in the control group. These findings suggest that emotion counter‐regulation affects the onset updating and maintenance of emotional face stimuli in WM.
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We examined whether the inhibitory Conditional Stimulus (CS)—no Unconditional Stimulus (US) association formed during extinction can be triggered by a novel US during the reinstatement of conditional electrodermal responding and... more
We examined whether the inhibitory Conditional Stimulus (CS)—no Unconditional Stimulus (US) association formed during extinction can be triggered by a novel US during the reinstatement of conditional electrodermal responding and self‐reported CS valence in human differential fear conditioning. Participants were trained with either a shock or an aversive scream US before undergoing extinction. Participants then received either the same (i.e., shock_shock or scream_scream) or a different US during reinstatement (i.e., shock_scream, scream_shock). Differential conditioning across all indices was stronger when a shock US was used during acquisition. After reinstatement, electrodermal responding to both the CS+ and the CS− increased regardless of the type of US used during reinstatement (non‐differential reinstatement). Differential CS valence evaluations were larger after reinstatement in the groups that received the same US during acquisition and reinstatement (differential reinstatement), but differential evaluations did not increase in the groups receiving a different US at reinstatement. This dissociation suggests that the reinstatement of negative stimulus valence and the reinstatement of expectancy learning may differ.
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BackgroundCognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is effective for most patients with a social anxiety disorder (SAD) but a substantial proportion fails to remit. Experimental and clinical research suggests that enhancing CBT using imagery-based... more
BackgroundCognitive behavior therapy (CBT) is effective for most patients with a social anxiety disorder (SAD) but a substantial proportion fails to remit. Experimental and clinical research suggests that enhancing CBT using imagery-based techniques could improve outcomes. It was hypothesized that imagery-enhanced CBT (IE-CBT) would be superior to verbally-based CBT (VB-CBT) on pre-registered outcomes.MethodsA randomized controlled trial of IE-CBT v. VB-CBT for social anxiety was completed in a community mental health clinic setting. Participants were randomized to IE (n = 53) or VB (n = 54) CBT, with 1-month (primary end point) and 6-month follow-up assessments. Participants completed 12, 2-hour, weekly sessions of IE-CBT or VB-CBT plus 1-month follow-up.ResultsIntention to treat analyses showed very large within-treatment effect sizes on the social interaction anxiety at all time points (ds = 2.09–2.62), with no between-treatment differences on this outcome or clinician-rated severity [1-month OR = 1.45 (0.45, 4.62), p = 0.53; 6-month OR = 1.31 (0.42, 4.08), p = 0.65], SAD remission (1-month: IE = 61.04%, VB = 55.09%, p = 0.59); 6-month: IE = 58.73%, VB = 61.89%, p = 0.77), or secondary outcomes. Three adverse events were noted (substance abuse, n = 1 in IE-CBT; temporary increase in suicide risk, n = 1 in each condition, with one being withdrawn at 1-month follow-up).ConclusionsGroup IE-CBT and VB-CBT were safe and there were no significant differences in outcomes. Both treatments were associated with very large within-group effect sizes and the majority of patients remitted following treatment.
Research Interests: Psychology, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Group Therapy, Social Anxiety, Medicine, and 10 moreAnxiety, Psychological Medicine, Imagery, Cognitive behavior therapy, Public health systems and services research, Randomized Controlled Trial, Social Anxiety Disorder, ANXIETY, Neurosciences, and Fear of negative evaluation
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Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is commonly used by young adults to regulate emotional responses. Yet, experimental examination of how people who self-injure appraise and respond to emotional stimuli is limited. We examined appraisals of,... more
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is commonly used by young adults to regulate emotional responses. Yet, experimental examination of how people who self-injure appraise and respond to emotional stimuli is limited. We examined appraisals of, and responses to, emotive images in young adults who did and did not self-injure, and assessed whether these were impacted by exposure to a stressor. Study 1 (N = 51) examined whether participants differed in their appraisals of emotional images. Study 2 (N = 78) assessed whether appraisals of images changed after exposure to the Trier Social Stress Test. Ratings of emotional valence and arousal were collected in both studies; skin conductance was measured as an indicator of physiological arousal in Study 2. In Study 1 participants reporting NSSI rated positively valenced images as less pleasant than participants not reporting NSSI. In Study 2, after acute stress, participants reporting NSSI displayed dampened physiological reactions to positive images whereas participants who did not self-injure displayed heightened physiological reactions to these and rated them as more pleasant. Individuals who self-injure seem less able to engage in strategic mood repair after exposure to stress compared to people who do not self-injure.
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ABSTRACT
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The present study was designed to elicit response differentiation by conditional tonic (contextual) and phasic stimuli, using a differential compound conditioning paradigm. Sixteen borderline hypertensives (BH) and sixteen normotensives... more
The present study was designed to elicit response differentiation by conditional tonic (contextual) and phasic stimuli, using a differential compound conditioning paradigm. Sixteen borderline hypertensives (BH) and sixteen normotensives (NT) served as subjects. A tone (400 Hz, 70 dBA) lasting for eight seconds was the phasic conditional stimulus. Illuminations of the subjects' room differing in color (blue and yellow respectively) served as tonic stimuli (two minutes duration each). While the tonic stimulus was present only one phasic stimulus was given. During acquisition phase, this stimulus was reinforced by the unconditional stimulus (US, electric stimulation) in one context, whereas it was not in the other one. During extinction, no US was given. Skin conductance (SC), heart rate (HR), and forearm bloodflow (FBF) were the dependent variables to be conditioned. In both groups, conditional responses could be obtained for phasic changes in SC and HR. FBF was reliably conditioned by tonic stimulation (context) in BH only. In addition, BH showed stronger SC activity (more non-specific SC responses, higher SC level) than NT. did.
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Recent studies have shown that extinction training including the conditional stimulus (CS+) and stimuli similar to the CS + enhances extinction retention and generalisation to novel stimuli. The aim of the present study was to confirm... more
Recent studies have shown that extinction training including the conditional stimulus (CS+) and stimuli similar to the CS + enhances extinction retention and generalisation to novel stimuli. The aim of the present study was to confirm that these effects are specific to presenting stimuli similar to the CS+ during extinction and not merely an effect of additional trials or additional stimuli unrelated to the CS+. In an experiment conducted in a single session on the same day, participants (134 adults; 70.7% female; 17-40 years of age, M = 20.04, SD = 4.36) completed a habituation phase followed by an acquisition phase using dog images presented with (CS+) and without (CS-) a dog growl paired with a scream unconditional stimulus (US). Participants were randomly allocated to four extinction conditions: Multiple exemplar extinction comprising the CSs and two novel dog images similar to the CS+; Standard extinction control matched for the number of CS+ and CS- presentations; Extended extinction control matched for the total number extinction trials, and Other stimuli extinction control comprising the CSs and two novel stimuli unrelated to the CS+. All participants completed an extinction test with the original CSs followed by a generalisation test with two novel dog images. Multiple, Standard and Other stimuli extinction groups exhibited larger skin conductance responses (SCRs) during extinction to the CSs compared to the Extended extinction group. SCRs to the additional dog images in the Multiple group were larger than SCRs to the additional CSs in the Extended group and the novel images in the Other stimuli group. There were no group differences in responses to the CSs during extinction test. Unlike the other groups, SCRs to the first presentation of the novel generalisation dogs did not differ from those to the last CS trials in extinction in the Multiple group. However, this group difference did not persist beyond the initial generalisation trial. Finally, the Multiple, Extended, and Other stimuli groups exhibited more negative CS evaluations after extinction, extinction test, and generalisation test than the Standard extinction group. The results suggest that extinction with the original CSs and additional stimuli resembling the CS + elevated physiological responses during extinction and reduced physiological responses to novel stimuli similar to the CSs. Further studies are needed including clinical samples and trial-by-trial evaluations of the stimuli presented.
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... Sensory processing in the term and preterm infant: Use of reflex modification procedures ... startle inhibition during HR deceleration in a forewarned RT paradigm [Abstract ... Probing basic mechanisms of sensory, attentional, and... more
... Sensory processing in the term and preterm infant: Use of reflex modification procedures ... startle inhibition during HR deceleration in a forewarned RT paradigm [Abstract ... Probing basic mechanisms of sensory, attentional, and emotional development: Modulation of the infant blink ...